Accommodating Variation: Dialects, Idiolects, and Speech Processing
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The Empirical Base of Linguistics: Grammaticality Judgments and Linguistic Methodology
UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title The empirical base of linguistics: Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05b2s4wg ISBN 978-3946234043 Author Schütze, Carson T Publication Date 2016-02-01 DOI 10.17169/langsci.b89.101 Data Availability The data associated with this publication are managed by: Language Science Press, Berlin Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The empirical base of linguistics Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology Carson T. Schütze language Classics in Linguistics 2 science press Classics in Linguistics Chief Editors: Martin Haspelmath, Stefan Müller In this series: 1. Lehmann, Christian. Thoughts on grammaticalization 2. Schütze, Carson T. The empirical base of linguistics: Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology 3. Bickerton, Derek. Roots of language ISSN: 2366-374X The empirical base of linguistics Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology Carson T. Schütze language science press Carson T. Schütze. 2019. The empirical base of linguistics: Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology (Classics in Linguistics 2). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/89 © 2019, Carson T. Schütze Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-946234-02-9 (Digital) 978-3-946234-03-6 (Hardcover) 978-3-946234-04-3 (Softcover) 978-1-523743-32-2 -
Preprint Corpus Analysis in Forensic Linguistics
Nini, A. (2020). Corpus analysis in forensic linguistics. In Carol A. Chapelle (ed), The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, 313-320, Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell Corpus Analysis in Forensic Linguistics Andrea Nini Abstract This entry is an overview of the applications of corpus linguistics to forensic linguistics, in particular to the analysis of language as evidence. Three main areas are described, following the influence that corpus linguistics has had on them in recent times: the analysis of texts of disputed authorship, the provision of evidence in cases of trademark disputes, and the analysis of disputed meanings in criminal or civil cases. In all of these areas considerable advances have been made that revolve around the use of corpus data, for example, to study forensically realistic corpora for authorship analysis, or to provide naturally occurring evidence in cases of trademark disputes or determination of meaning. Using examples from real-life cases, the entry explains how corpus analysis is therefore gradually establishing itself as the norm for solving certain forensic problems and how it is becoming the main methodological approach for forensic linguistics. Keywords Authorship Analysis; Idiolect; Language as Evidence; Ordinary Meaning; Trademark This entry focuses on the use of corpus linguistics methods and techniques for the analysis of forensic data. “Forensic linguistics” is a very general term that broadly refers to two areas of investigation: the analysis of the language of the law and the analysis of language evidence in criminal or civil cases. The former, which often takes advantage of corpus methods, includes areas as wide as the study of the language of the judicial process and courtroom interaction (e.g., Tkačuková, 2015), the study of written legal documents (e.g., Finegan, 2010), and the investigation of interactions in police interviews (e.g., Carter, 2011). -
CONTENT Unit I 2-18 Communication and Language INTRODUCTION to LINGUISTICS Major Linguists and Their Contribution
1 CONTENT Unit I 2-18 Communication and Language INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS Major Linguists and their Contribution Unit II 19-27 Phonology of English and Phonetics Mechanism of Speech Production Organs of speech The Respiratory System The Phonatory System The Articulatory System The Air-stream Mechanism Unit III 29-43 Phonology of English and Phonetics (Continued) Description and Classification of Vowels and Consonants Description of Vowel Sounds Description of Pure Vowels in English Description of Dipthongs or Glides in English Occurrence of Vowel Sounds in English Description of Consonant Sounds Unit IV 44-56 STRESS AND INTONATION Word Accent/Stress Intonation Unit V 57-70 SOCIOLINUISTICS Definitions of Sociolinguistics Language Variation or Varieties of Language Dialects Sociolect Idiolect Register Language Contact: Pidgin and Creole 2 UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS 1.0 1.1 Linguistics/lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ refers to the scientific study of language and its structure, including the study of grammar, syntax, and phonetics. Specific branches of linguistics include sociolinguistics, dialectology, psycholinguistics, computational linguistics, comparative linguistics, and structural linguistics. WHAT IS LINGUISTICS? Linguistics is defined as the scientific study of language.It is the systematic study of the elements of language and the principles governing their combination and organization. Linguistics provides for a rigorous experimentation with the elements or aspects of language that are actually in use by the speech community. It is based on observation and the data collected thereby from the users of the language, a scientific analysis is made by the investigator and at the end of it he comes out with a satisfactory explanation relating to his field of study. -
Identifying Idiolect in Forensic Authorship Attribution: an N-Gram Textbite Approach Alison Johnson & David Wright University of Leeds
Identifying idiolect in forensic authorship attribution: an n-gram textbite approach Alison Johnson & David Wright University of Leeds Abstract. Forensic authorship attribution is concerned with identifying authors of disputed or anonymous documents, which are potentially evidential in legal cases, through the analysis of linguistic clues left behind by writers. The forensic linguist “approaches this problem of questioned authorship from the theoretical position that every native speaker has their own distinct and individual version of the language [. ], their own idiolect” (Coulthard, 2004: 31). However, given the diXculty in empirically substantiating a theory of idiolect, there is growing con- cern in the Veld that it remains too abstract to be of practical use (Kredens, 2002; Grant, 2010; Turell, 2010). Stylistic, corpus, and computational approaches to text, however, are able to identify repeated collocational patterns, or n-grams, two to six word chunks of language, similar to the popular notion of soundbites: small segments of no more than a few seconds of speech that journalists are able to recognise as having news value and which characterise the important moments of talk. The soundbite oUers an intriguing parallel for authorship attribution studies, with the following question arising: looking at any set of texts by any author, is it possible to identify ‘n-gram textbites’, small textual segments that characterise that author’s writing, providing DNA-like chunks of identifying ma- terial? Drawing on a corpus of 63,000 emails and 2.5 million words written by 176 employees of the former American energy corporation Enron, a case study approach is adopted, Vrst showing through stylistic analysis that one Enron em- ployee repeatedly produces the same stylistic patterns of politely encoded direc- tives in a way that may be considered habitual. -
Clarifying Translanguaging and Deconstructing Named Languages: a Perspective from Linguistics
Applied Linguistics Review 2015; 6(3): 281–307 Ricardo Otheguy*, Ofelia García and Wallis Reid Clarifying translanguaging and deconstructing named languages: A perspective from linguistics DOI 10.1515/applirev-2015-0014 Abstract: The concept of translanguaging is clarified, establishing it as a particular conception of the mental grammars and linguistic practices of bilinguals. Translanguaging is different from code switching. Under translanguaging, the mental grammars of bilinguals are structured but unitary collections of features, and the practices of bilinguals are acts of feature selection, not of grammar switch. A proper understanding of translanguaging requires a return to the well known but often forgotten idea that named languages are social, not linguistic, objects. Whereas the idiolect of a particular individual is a linguistic object defined in terms of lexical and structural features, the named language of a nation or social group is not; its boundaries and membership cannot be established on the basis of lexical and structural features. The two named languages of the bilingual exist only in the outsider’s view. From the insider’s perspective of the speaker, there is only his or her full idiolect or repertoire, which belongs only to the speaker, not to any named language. Translanguaging is the deployment of a speaker’sfull linguistic repertoire without regard for watchful adherence to the socially and politically defined boundaries of named (and usually national and state) languages. In schools, the translanguaging of bilinguals tends to be severely restricted. In addition, schools confuse the assessment of general linguistic proficiency, which is best manifested in bilinguals while translanguaging, with the testing of profi- ciency in a named language, which insists on inhibiting translanguaging. -
Singing in English in the 21St Century: a Study Comparing
SINGING IN ENGLISH IN THE 21ST CENTURY: A STUDY COMPARING AND APPLYING THE TENETS OF MADELEINE MARSHALL AND KATHRYN LABOUFF Helen Dewey Reikofski Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS August 2015 APPROVED:….……………….. Jeffrey Snider, Major Professor Stephen Dubberly, Committee Member Benjamin Brand, Committee Member Stephen Austin, Committee Member and Chair of the Department of Vocal Studies … James C. Scott, Dean of the College of Music Costas Tsatsoulis, Interim Dean of the Toulouse Graduate School Reikofski, Helen Dewey. Singing in English in the 21st Century: A Study Comparing and Applying the Tenets of Madeleine Marshall and Kathryn LaBouff. Doctor of Musical Arts (Performance), August 2015, 171 pp., 6 tables, 21 figures, bibliography, 141 titles. The English diction texts by Madeleine Marshall and Kathryn LaBouff are two of the most acclaimed manuals on singing in this language. Differences in style between the two have separated proponents to be primarily devoted to one or the other. An in- depth study, comparing the precepts of both authors, and applying their principles, has resulted in an understanding of their common ground, as well as the need for the more comprehensive information, included by LaBouff, on singing in the dialect of American Standard, and changes in current Received Pronunciation, for British works, and Mid- Atlantic dialect, for English language works not specifically North American or British. Chapter 1 introduces Marshall and The Singer’s Manual of English Diction, and LaBouff and Singing and Communicating in English. An overview of selected works from Opera America’s resources exemplifies the need for three dialects in standardized English training. -
A Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Philadelphia Dialect Ryan Wall [email protected]
La Salle University La Salle University Digital Commons HON499 projects Honors Program Fall 11-29-2017 A Jawn by Any Other Name: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Philadelphia Dialect Ryan Wall [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/honors_projects Part of the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, and the Other Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Wall, Ryan, "A Jawn by Any Other Name: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Philadelphia Dialect" (2017). HON499 projects. 12. http://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/honors_projects/12 This Honors Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in HON499 projects by an authorized administrator of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Jawn by Any Other Name: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Philadelphia Dialect Ryan Wall Honors 499 Fall 2017 RUNNING HEAD: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE PHILADELPHIA DIALECT 2 Introduction A walk down Market Street in Philadelphia is a truly immersive experience. It’s a sensory overload: a barrage of smells, sounds, and sights that greet any visitor in a truly Philadelphian way. It’s loud, proud, and in-your-face. Philadelphians aren’t known for being a quiet people—a trip to an Eagles game will quickly confirm that. The city has come to be defined by a multitude of iconic symbols, from the humble cheesesteak to the dignified Liberty Bell. But while “The City of Brotherly Love” evokes hundreds of associations, one is frequently overlooked: the Philadelphia Dialect. -
Idiolect Change in Native English Speakers Living in Sweden
Högskolan Dalarna Master‟s Thesis in English Linguistics, EN3034 Supervisor: Larisa Gustafsson Idiolect Change in Native English Speakers Living in Sweden Spring 2009 Megan Case 760717-8022 [email protected] Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Theoretical Background ................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 The Effect of L2 on L1 .............................................................................................................. 3 2.2 Previous Studies: Models .......................................................................................................... 4 3. Methodology and Data .................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Informants .................................................................................................................................. 5 3.2 Acceptability Test ...................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 Personal Interview ..................................................................................................................... 8 4. Results and Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 9 4.1 Acceptability Test Results ........................................................................................................ -
Phonology of a Southern Swedish Idiolect Svantesson, Jan-Olof
Phonology of a southern Swedish idiolect Svantesson, Jan-Olof 2001 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Svantesson, J-O. (2001). Phonology of a southern Swedish idiolect. (Working Papers, Lund University, Dept. of Linguistics; Vol. 49). http://www.ling.lu.se/disseminations/pdf/49/bidrag40.pdf Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Lund University, Dept. of Linguistics Working Papers 49 (2001), 156–159 Phonology of a southern Swedish idiolect Jan-Olof Svantesson Dept. of Linguistics, Lund University [email protected] In this egocentric article I describe briefly the segmental phonology of my own southern Swedish idiolect. -
The Social Perception of Three Features of New York City English
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 5-2018 The Social Perception of Three Features of New York City English Giacomo Castronovo Jr. The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2654 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] THE SOCIAL PERCEPTION OF THREE FEATURES OF NEW YORK CITY ENGLISH by GIACOMO CASTRONOVO JR. A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Linguistics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, The City University of New York 2018 © 2018 GIACOMO CASTRONOVO All Rights Reserved ii The Social Perception of Three Features of New York City English by Giacomo Castronovo Jr. This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Linguistics in satisfaction of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. Date Michael Newman Thesis Advisor Date Gita Martohardjono Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT The Social Perception of Three Features of New York City English by Giacomo Castronovo Jr. Advisor: Michael Newman Since the late 19th Century, the accent particular to New Yorker City natives of European descent has been negatively perceived by both the American general public and the speakers themselves. The stereotypification of New York City English speakers has largely been the cause of this negative evaluation, in that the features of the accent, as well as the unique New York discourse style, have long been utilized by actors and comedians to create characters of uneducated, uncultured provenance, as well as, all too often, unscrupulous behavior. -
Lauren Michele - Sag-Aftra
10/8/19, 138 PM Page 1 of 1 www.actorsaccess.com Breakdown Services, Ltd. LAUREN MICHELE - SAG-AFTRA media photos Résumé Print Résumé TELEVISION Untitled Pilot Social Happenings Expert (principal) Unknown Celebrapy Writer (principal) Ken Kushner Brain Games Featured contestant (principal) National Geographic Untitled Pilot Bossy Backup Singer (principal) Laurie Cronan Productions MTV Promo - The Devil Wears Prada Self (featured) OnSet Prods. GIRLS Lucy #2 (featured) HBO "Off the Wire" Late Night Comedy Actor UMTV - University of Miami Show FILM Rough Night Miami Pool Partygoer Lucia Aniello Coco Swimmer (special) RZA North by Northwest (dir. exerc.) Eve Kendall Minjae Jang, Columbia U. Last Tango in Paris (dir. exerc.) Jeanne Mengwei Ma, Columbia U. Oppenheimer Strategies Young Jewish Woman (featured) Joseph Cedar, Fábrica de Cine The Unbearable Lightness of Being Tereza Mengwei Ma, Columbia U. (directing exercise) Claws, Paws, & A Blue Macaw (live Lanie/Jelly (principal) Walid Chaya, Creative World screening) The Scariest Story Ever Told Scared Woman (lead) Gene Pina, New York University Bob and Janet Janet (lead) Felix Alexander Dausend Angels of America Scene Adaptation Ethel Rosenberg (lead) David Marcus Hello Lead's love interest (principal) Nicholas Nyarach Music Buddies music education videos Music student (principal) Bud Filipo THEATER Bye Bye Birdie Kim MacAfee (lead) Community Center Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Chorus Community Center Dreamcoat The Boyfriend Dulcie (supporting) Bak School of the Arts NEW MEDIA A Day in the Life of a Student Using Student (lead) McGraw-Hill Education AccessScience Linking to Content Voiceover McGraw-Hill Education Website Testimonial Dental patient Presidential Dental Center Justin Jesso music video Wedding guest/friend Justin Jesso “Off to School” & “Splash in the Lead vocals The Weiners Water” albums “The Streets are for the Children” Feat. -
Towards an Index of Idiolectal Similitude (Or Distance) in Forensic Authorship Analysis M
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Brooklyn Law School: BrooklynWorks Journal of Law and Policy Volume 21 Issue 2 SYMPOSIUM: Article 10 Authorship Attribution Workshop 2013 Towards an Index of Idiolectal Similitude (Or Distance) In Forensic Authorship Analysis M. Teresa Turell, Ph.D. Nuria Gavalda Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/jlp Recommended Citation M. Teresa Turell, Ph.D. & Nuria Gavalda, Towards an Index of Idiolectal Similitude (Or Distance) In Forensic Authorship Analysis, 21 J. L. & Pol'y (2013). Available at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/jlp/vol21/iss2/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Law and Policy by an authorized editor of BrooklynWorks. TOWARDS AN INDEX OF IDIOLECTAL SIMILITUDE (OR DISTANCE) IN FORENSIC AUTHORSHIP ANALYSIS M. Teresa Turell* and Núria Gavaldà* I. INTRODUCTION Forensic linguistics is a discipline concerned with the study of language in any judicial context. The framework for the present article is the area of forensic linguistics known as Language as Evidence, where a sample or several samples of oral or written linguistic productions of one or more individuals may constitute evidence in a judicial process. In these cases, linguists acting as expert witnesses in court must compare two (sets of) samples, i.e., the nondisputed sample, the authorship of which cannot be questioned, and the disputed sample, the authorship of which is questioned, to determine the linguistic differences and similarities that the samples show and to try to reach a conclusion regarding the possibility that they have been produced by the same individual.