Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature Jerome Klapka Jerome A BRIEF-BIOGRAPHY & CONTRIBUTIONS TO ENGLISH LITERATURE P.Raja Rao M.A.(Eng), M.Phil, (Ph.D.), M.B.A. www.rajaraop.wordpress.com [email protected] RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 1 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature INTRODUCTION Jerome Klapka Jerome was a renowned English writer and humorist. He is best known for his humorous and comic masterpiece "Three Men in a Boat", apart from his other notable works of literature. He was born on 2nd May, 1859 in Caldmore, Walsall, England, and was raised amidst poverty in London. His other works include the essay collections like the "Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow" and "Second Thoughts of an Idle Fellow", "Three Men on the Bummel"- which was a sequel to Three Men in a Boat; and several other novels. Jerome died at the age of 68 on 14th June, 1927. Jerome K Jerome Childhood Jerome Klapka Jerome was born on 2nd May, 1859 in Belsize House, Bradford Street, Walsall, and Stradffordshire, England. He was born to father Jerome Clapp Jerome and mother Marguerite Jones. While his father was a non-conformist lay preacher, ironmonger and architect by profession and his mother was a daughter of a solicitor. Jerome was their fourth child. He had two sisters, Paulina Deodata, Blandina Dominica and Brother Milton Melancthon. Jerome lost his father at an early age of fourteen. Initially Jerome was registered as Jerome Clap Jerome and later his name was amended as Klapka. Jerome faced a lot of poverty due to bad investment in the local mining industry and debt collectors were frequent visitors in their house. Jerome later described his experiences of RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 2 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature childhood in his autobiography My Life and Times (1926). Education and Early Life Jerome lost his father at the age of 13 and he lost his mother at the age of 15. As a young boy Jerome always wanted to join politics and become a member of parliament but due to the crisis at home front, he was forced to quit his studies and find work to support his living. He studied at the Philological School later known as Marylebone but he had to leave his school for doing a job at the London and North Western Railway. Initially his work was all about collecting coal and he continued doing it for four years. Acting Career Jerome’s acting career was inspired by his older sister Blandina's love for the theatre in 1877. Jerome started his acting career under the stage name Harold Crichton. He joined a repertory troupe and produced low budget plays with meagre resources. He produced such plays for three years and at the age of 21, he decided to end his theatre career. He then tried his hands in becoming a very a journalist, wrote essays, satires and short stories and over the next few years, but most of these were rejected. Over the next few years he served as a school teacher, a packer, and a solicitor's clerk. He tasted success as an actor finally in 1885, with his play On the Stage. RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 3 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature Writing Career His writing career started with his collection of humorous essays Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow published in 1886. Jerome wrote his most famous work of literature Three Men in a Boat after his return from his honeymoon on a boat in river Thames. Soon after it’s publication in 1889 it went on to become an instant hit. The two main Protagonists in the novel were replaced by his friends George Wingrave (George) and Carl Hentschel (Harris). He created a comic situation in the book which was no way related or remotely connected to the history of the Thames region. With its publication, the number of boats went upto fifty percent following its publication. Within twenty years, the book sold over a million copies and was later adapted to movies, TV and radio shows, stage plays, and even a musical. His style of writing influenced many humorists and satirists in England. Later, he went on to write many plays, novels and essay but they were not as successful as his book Three Men in a Boat. In 1892, he edited the Idler. In 1893, he founded To-Day but had to stop its publication because of an ongoing financial crisis and a libel suit against him. In 1898, during his short stay at Germany, he wrote Three Men on the Bummel which was a sequel to Three Men in a Boat. In 1902, he published the novel, Paul Kelver, which is considered an autobiographical and wrote the play The Passing of the Third Floor Back in 1908.Jerome published his autobiography, My Life and Timesin 1926. The Borough of Walsall gave him the title Freeman of the Borough. RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 4 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature World War I Jerome volunteered to offer his service during World War I at 56 years of age. The British Army considered him too old and rejected him on the basis of his age. Marriage Jerome got married to Georgina Elizabeth Henrietta Stanley Marris (Ettie), who was a divorcee. She had a daughter from her previous marriage of five years named Elsie. Jerome’s step- daughter died in 1921. Death Jerome spent most of his last days at his farmhouse in Ewelme near Wallingford. He died of stroke and a cerebral haemorrhage at the age of 68 on 14th June, 1927 in Northampton, England. He was cremated at Golders Green and his ashes were buried at St Mary's Church, Ewelme, and Oxfordshire alongside his wife, sister and step-daughter. His Novels Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow (1886) Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog) (1889) RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 5 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature Diary of a Pilgrimage (and Six Essays) (1891) (full text) Novel Notes (1893) Second Thoughts of an Idle Fellow (1898) Three Men on the Bummel (aka Three Men on Wheels) (1900) Paul Kelver, a novel (1902) Tommy and Co (1904) They and I (1909) All Roads Lead to Calvary (1919) Anthony John (1923) The Love of Ulrich Nebendahl (1909) The Philosopher's Joke (1909) Collections Told after Supper (1891) John Ingerfield: And Other Stories (1894) Sketches in Lavender, Blue and Green (1895) The Observations of Henry (1901) The Angel and the Author and Others (1904) RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 6 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature American Wives and Others (1904) The Passing of the Third Floor Back: And Other Stories (1907) Malvina of Brittany (1916) Three Men in a Boat and Three Men on the Bummel (1974) After Supper Ghost Stories: And Other Tales (1985) His Autobiography My Life and Times (1926) Anthologies Great Short Stories of Detection, Mystery and Horror 1st Series (1928) A Century of Humour (1934) The Mammoth Book of Thrillers, Ghosts and Mysteries (1936) Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1957) Famous Monster Tales (1967) The 5th Fontana Book of Great Ghost Stories (1969) The Rivals of Frankenstein (1975) The 17th Fontana Book of Great Ghost Stories (1981) Stories in the Dark (1984) RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 7 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature Gaslit Nightmares (1988) Horror Stories (1988) 100 Tiny Tales of Terror (1996) Knights of Madness: Further Comic Tales of Fantasy (1998) 100 Hilarious Little Howlers (1999) Short Stories The Haunted Mill (1891) The New Utopia (1891) The Dancing Partner (1893) Evergreens Christmas Eve in the Blue Chamber Silhouettes The Skeleton The Snake The Woman of the Saeter His Plays The Maister of Wood Barrow: play in three acts (1890) RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 8 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature The Night of 14 Feb (1899) : a play in nine scenes Miss Hobbs: a comedy in four acts (1902) - starring Evelyn Millard Fanny and the Servant Problem, a quite possible play in four acts (1909) The Master of Mrs. Chilvers: an improbable comedy, imagined by Jerome K. Jerome (1911) The Soul of Nicholas Snyders: A Mystery Play In Three Acts (1925) The Celebrity: a play in three acts (1926) Robina's Web ("The Dovecote", or "The grey feather"): a farce i The Passing of the Third Floor Back (1908) Jerome K. Jerome Timeline: RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 9 Jerome Klapka Jerome Life & Notable Works Literature 1859- He was born on 2nd May, Walsall, Staffordshire, England 1885- He did the play On the Stage 1886- He published his humorous essays Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow 1888- He got married to divorcee Georgina Elizabeth Henrietta Stanley Marris 1889- He published his famous work of literature Three Men in a Boat 1892- He edited the Idler 1893- He founded To-Day 1898- He published sequel Three Men on the Bummel 1902- He published the novel, Paul Kelver 1908- He wrote the play The Passing of the Third Floor Back 1926- Published his autobiography, My Life and Times 1927- He died at the age of 68 on 14th June, in Northampton, England RAJA RAO PAGIDIPALLI Page 10 .