SPRING 2019

NORTHLAND

Waitangi National Trust chair Pita Tīpene, at right, receives the wakahuia from Dame Rangimarie (Naida) Glavish and Associate Minister for Arts, Culture and Heritage Grant Robertson. (CREDIT: JESS BURGES/HERITAGE POUHERE )

Te Pitowhenua Waitangi Treaty The new programme to establish National New Zealand’s Grounds is the country’s first Historic Landmarks will help protect New Zealand’s defining moments in time National Historic Landmark, and the special places that are the first National Associate Minister for Arts, Culture cornerstones of national identity. and Heritage Grant Robertson “Some of these sites are associated with Historic announced at a moving ceremony important and sometimes challenging at Waitangi on 27 June. discussions about the events that have Landmark shaped our past and will influence our future,” says the Minister. CONTINUED OVER >

heritage.org.nz 1 “Given the cultural, historic and social significance of this place, both before and after 6 February 1840, it’s appropriate the Waitangi Treaty Grounds is New Zealand’s Contents first National Historic Landmark,” he says. Te Minita Whanaketanga Māori Minister for Māori Development Nanaia Mahuta says places such as Waitangi have deep significance to New Zealanders and its 1 NORTHLAND 12/13 safeguarding is important to us all. New Zealand’s first National Heritage owner profile: Mik Historic Landmark Smellie – Shortland Flats “Following discussions with site owners, and the community, further Landmarks will 2 CONTENTS 14 TAUPŌ DISTRICT be identified and added to the programme to recognise and preserve the heritage value Remembering Te Kooti and caring of these places throughout the country,” 3 EDITORIAL for Te Porere Nanaia Mahuta says. Heritage New Zealand Chief Executive Andrew Coleman 15 BAY OF PLENTY Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Seventies celebration of tourism Chief Executive Andrew Coleman says the 4/5 FEATURE INTERVIEW architecture recognised National Historic Landmarks programme adds Pam Bain: Plenty of positives another valuable layer to the recognition and in heritage 16/17 MID-CANTERBURY safeguarding of our country’s most valuable Recognition for rare market built and land-based taonga. 6/7 WAIRARAPA garden site “National Historic Landmarks have long-term Wāhi tūpuna status for SOUTHLAND safeguarding so they can remain key historic Pāpāwai Marae The man who drove a gold places for future generations to visit and enjoy,” mining revival says Andrew. 8 TARANAKI Kaupokonui crème de la crème 18/19 CANTERBURY Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Cathedral team focus on oversees the National Historic Landmarks 9 CANTERBURY planning upfront Ngā Manawhenua o Aotearoa me ōna Kōrero Standing the test of time Tūturu programme, recommending places to 20 NORTHLAND the Associate Minister for approval following 10/11 NORTHLAND All set for bicentenary public and Ministerial consultation. Treaty Grounds ceremony celebrations “National Historic Landmarks enhance our a wonderful day ability to recognise and celebrate our heritage and history along with the Heritage New Zealand List/Rārangi Kōrero and the Tohu Whenua programme we have in partnership with Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture and Heritage and Department of Conservation,” says Andrew.

Editor: Jamie Douglas. Designer: Mui Leng Goh. The programme works with site owners, iwi and community stakeholders to identify,

Heritage Quarterly is printed with mineral oil-free, soy-based recognise and protect the heritage values vegetable inks on Sumo paper. This paper is Forestry Stewardship of these places. Last week’s announcement Council® (FSC®) certified, manufactured from pulp from responsible sources under the ISO 14001 Environmental reflected the importance of the Treaty Management System. Please recycle. Grounds and its many layers of history, says Waitangi National Trust CEO Greg McManus. heritagenewzealand heritage_nz For more information about the programme Members of Heritage New Zealand can visit its properties please visit www.historiclandmarks.org.nz for free, visit www.heritage.org.nz Writer: Jamie Douglas

2 heritage.org.nz EDITORIAL Significant heritage

New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014. It Grounds as an example; currently it is a listed does not describe why we have National heritage place, it is a wāhi tapu, it is one of Historic Landmarks, it is not a prescribed the heritage sites in Northland that are linked characteristic of a wāhi tapu, a wāhi tūpuna to Tohu Whenua, a programme highlighting or a wāhi tapu area, it is not a reference to a special places that tell our stories. The historic area or place and nor is it one of the trustees and directors of the Treaty Grounds criteria for the Heritage New Zealand List have aspirations of the site being recognised ANDREW COLEMAN Rārangi Kōrero Category 1 or Category 2. as a UNESCO World Heritage site, initially on But it is a word that is often used to describe the tentative list and then formally and fully heritage; it is in our everyday language. as a World Heritage site of significance. It is very pleasing that this edition of Heritage ‘Significant’ and ‘significance’ are referred to in Words associated with heritage often Quarterly acknowledges places of significant the Act in the context of other things, such as require interpretation and it helps if there heritage, telling their stories and describing “cultural significance” and “significant heritage are guidelines. It is for this reason that the why they are important to New Zealand. value”, but without definition they are open to ‘Significance Assessment Guidelines’ were compiled and endorsed by the Heritage The listing of the Waitangi Treaty Grounds as New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Board and a National Historic Landmark was a rightful The significance of the Whakatane Māori Heritage Council. designation for this significant historic place. Airport listing was recognised It was a wonderful event, described and The ‘Significance Assessment Guidelines’ depicted well in this edition. through a ceremony that was very remind us of the thresholds that identify well attended. The opportunity levels of heritage significance or value. At It is pleasing that the significance of Pāpāwai the highest value, they may be ‘special’ or Marae has been recognised as a wāhi tūpuna. was also taken to present a ‘outstanding’. At the least value, there may This marae sits at the heart of a quiet Māori ‘Listing Information Pack’ that be little or no heritage value, or even adverse community near Greytown. A dedicated is intended to be given to or negative value. The degree of significance community effort initially led by Te Manihera heritage property owners across is established by assessing the historic place Rangitakaiwaho from the 1850s saw it or area against criteria to explain why it is become a bustling centre of several thousand New Zealand. important. They also remind us that a method people and a place of significant and national is required to assess the level of significance political importance. interpretation. So what might all this mean? for a historic place or area. An assessment is The significance of the Whakatane Airport Maybe we are all entitled to an opinion on made where two factors are determined: listing was recognised through a ceremony the status of significant. If individuals have first, the nature of the heritage values that was very well attended. The opportunity a personal and deep heritage connection to ascribed; secondly, the degree of was also taken to present a ‘Listing a place, building, site or area then it will be their significance. Information Pack’ that is intended to be significant to them. As we can read in this We welcome your use of these guidelines. given to heritage property owners edition people such as Pam Bain, Te Manihera They are available on the Heritage across New Zealand. Rangitakaiwaho, Mik Smellie and Keith Paterson have made significant contributions New Zealand Pouhere Taonga website The significant heritage stories of all of these to heritage. The archaeological area (www.heritage.org.nz/the-list/nominate-a- places deserve to be told and celebrated. declaration for the Ng King Brothers Market historic-place). They are also used to assist Garden in Ashburton was a significant event, in determining the significance of the places Heritage buildings, places or areas are particularly for the community that witnessed and people that you will read about. n often described as being ‘significant’. The their forebears being recognised. perception is that they are more important, ANDREW COLEMAN of greater value and warranting higher Heritage places have a number of ways of CHIEF EXECUTIVE status. But interestingly, ‘significant’ is being acknowledged and recognised for not a word that is defined in the Heritage their significance. Taking the Waitangi Treaty

heritage.org.nz 3 FEATURE INTERVIEW

So what do you do at Heritage in celebrating heritage protection and Plenty of Q: New Zealand? heritage stories. The role really requires lots of I was born in Ōamaru so I guess it was just engagement across the organisation and with positives a matter of time before I ended up working the wider community. with Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga. Before coming to Heritage New Zealand I You can hardly grow up in Ōamaru and be worked for the Department of Conservation in heritage oblivious to New Zealand’s heritage, ranging (DOC), in the Gisborne office for over 20 from the amazing Māori rock art to the white years in a range of roles relating to heritage stone buildings. Heritage New Zealand’s Director protection. This heritage role required strong I joined Heritage New Zealand in December community relationships and I have carried Regional Services, Pam Bain, 2012 as the Senior Archaeologist and oversaw these relationships into my work at Heritage still has a strong passion for the implementation of the archaeological New Zealand. processes associated with the new 2014 archaeology. In her new position What staff do you oversee in the legislation. One of the aspects of that role I she keeps a trowel handy should Regional Services team? was passionate about was getting the really Q: The Regional Services team is all about the need arise to scrape the interesting archaeological information out engagement internally and externally. We surface off an exciting outreach to the community. are the team that supports regional initiatives opportunity that promotes heritage. In 2018, an opportunity came up with the role across the country, working together to extend She talks with Jamie Douglas. of Director Regional Services to be involved the reach of heritage protection and stories.

4 heritage.org.nz (FAR LEFT) Pam Bain at a happy place, surrounded by water and heritage, in Venice. (LEFT) Pam with students from Te Waha o Rerekohu Area School and Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Kawakawa Mai Tawhiti during work to map Hungahungatoroa Pā on the East Coast. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND POUHERE TAONGA – ALL PHOTOS)

What do you like doing away Q: from work? Whether it is the legal team’s efforts for women around 1830. Once accepted on the I am currently back living in Gisborne heritage protection, the outreach and media register we celebrated this recognition with and once again getting engaged in the staff involved in celebrating heritage stories an amazing event at Kerikeri attended by community. There are so many things or Tohu Whenua (a joint programme with Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern. happening in regional communities and the Heritage New Zealand, Ministry for Culture Gizzy weather lends itself to lots of outdoor I was also lucky to be involved in supporting and Heritage, Ministry of Business, Innovation activities. And if you are ever in Gisborne on the funding application, public open day and and Employment and DOC) working a Tuesday night I can recommend the Pub filming of the Mangahawea excavation in the with communities to provide great visitor Choir at Smash Palace Bar! Bay of Islands in January this year. So I still get experiences at heritage places, we can do this Do you have a particular heritage so much better with others involved. The role out and about supporting, promoting and being involved where I can. Q: place special to you? of Director Regional Services is an exciting Oh yes, I really do. It is Ōpoutama Cooks new position. It allows us to be innovative How important is engagement Cove, at , just north of Gisborne. and creative in working with others to protect Q: with the wider community in Ōpoutama is an amazing microcosm of heritage and tell important heritage stories. promoting heritage? New Zealand heritage; it’s a very early Māori Was it difficult to move away from Extremely. The whole kaupapa of the Regional settlement, witnessed the arrival of the Q: archaeology, or do you keep an eye Services team is about engagement. I believe Endeavour and Tupaia who left his mark on what’s going on? the connection with people and a place must on the land, years of farming and increased Oh yes, it was a really big decision for me, but be maintained for it to be heritage, otherwise environmental protection. This has all been really you never move away from archaeology all you have is a place. set against a background of the land which has been in continuous Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti or the archaeological whānau. I still try to Working with communities to support heritage iwi ownership. keep up to date with what is happening protection and celebrate heritage stories is to make sure we promote interesting really exciting. This offers an opportunity to How important is heritage really? archaeology work where appropriate. Now introduce new people to the importance of Q: Incredibly. It is a really important I get the best of both worlds – I still get to be heritage. Last year Heritage New Zealand way of setting people in the landscape, and involved in archaeology through promoting was involved in a Suffrage 125 community art recognising people’s association with stories and supporting archaeological stories. project with artist Janet de Wagt and Creative and places. Recently I was involved with our regional New Zealand which was all about linking the Our heritage is what makes our country what staff and Ngāpuhi in nominating the Kerikeri suffrage story to heritage places, people and it is today, warts and all. Everyone’s stories and Mission Te Reo slates for inscription on communities. We are increasingly focusing on associations with heritage places contribute UNESCO’s Aoteoroa/New Zealand Memory of making heritage accessible and interesting to to understanding who we are. And it is the World Register. These slates are significant a wider audience so that they also relate to different for everyone. Acknowledging those early examples of te reo written by Māori the stories and places around them. connections is important. n

heritage.org.nz 5 WAIRARAPA

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Pāpāwai Marae sits at the heart of a quiet kaitiakitanga, manaakitanga, whanaungatanga, Wāhi tūpuna Māori community, five kilometres east of whakapono, tikanga and kawa. Greytown in South Wairarapa. It is a place Historically, this was most evident in their imbued with the mana of its rangatira (chiefs) status for hosting of large multi-iwi Kotahitanga and tūpuna (ancestors) and is associated hui in the 1890s and early 1900s. These with the surrounding papakāinga (village). Pāpāwai Marae nationally significant events were attended The whare tūpuna (ancestral house) is by thousands of Māori and by leading Pākehā Hikurangi, and the whare kai (dining room) political figures, in order to discuss critical is Te Waipounamu. The marae is where the Pāpāwai has become the first social, political and cultural issues. marae in New Zealand to be listed hapū and iwi of Pāpāwai, led by Ngāti Moe, Ngāti Kauhi, Ngāti Pateika, Ngāti Muretu and A dedicated community effort initially led by by Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Ngāti Kahukura-awhitia, all Ngāti Kahungunu Te Manihera Rangitakaiwaho saw it become Taonga as a wāhi tūpuna. ki Wairarapa, give life to the concepts of a bustling centre of several thousand people

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and a place of national importance with its large meeting hall capable of holding 1,000 tikanga of Pāpāwai. The marae and its own newspaper in the 1890s. Te Manihera people, and Te Waipounamu was a two-storey community continue to carry its legacy today. Rangitakaiwaho emerged as an early leader building with sleeping quarters on the top Pāpāwai Marae is vested in elected trustees at the Pāpāwai township, to the extent that floor and a wharekai below able to seat 300. who administer the marae on behalf of Ngāti it was briefly known as Manihera Town. He The weatherboard buildings were a fusion Kahungunu ki Wairarapa. The marae trustees promoted it as being mo ngā iwi kātoa of Māori and Pākehā traditions. set out their broad aspirations to ensure inaianei (for all the people today), but after Pāpāwai had a national Māori newspaper, Pāpāwai Marae is nationally recognised and to a dispute over control of a local flour mill, restore and upgrade the marae and its taonga. Ngatuere and Wi Kingi Tutepakihirangi Te Puke ki Hikurangi, which published from settled their people elsewhere. Te Manihera 1897 to 1913. It promoted Kotahitanga, Treaty Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga will be maintained the vision of Pāpāwai as a political, of Waitangi issues, and a range of cultural providing further technical advice to assist the cultural and economic centre, although this and political matters. This newspaper was marae in the conservation of these important did not come to fruition until shortly before managed for a time by Niniwa-i-te-rangi, a taonga and explore other ways to express his death in 1885. mana wāhine, a woman of high standing in their kaitiakitanga and share their stories. n the community who, working with her cousin After the whare Tūpuna Hikurangi was Tamahau Mahupuku, played a leading role in Writers: David Watt, Xavier Forde, opened in 1888, an agreement aimed at Kotahitanga and at Pāpāwai. Bruce Stirling and Brian Ruawai-Hamilton. settling disputes over Wairarapa Moana and lands around it was made at Pāpāwai by Ngāti Although the largest parliament buildings Kahungunu and Native Minister, Sir James were lost to damage from a storm in 1934, the Carroll, in January 1896. Larger buildings marae buildings and unique carved figures capable of seating gatherings of over 1,000 of rangatira standing around its perimeter 1. Pāpāwai wharenui, at left, and wharekai. people were put up beside Hikurangi in time (whakapakoko) still remain. The 18 carved (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND POUHERE TAONGA) for Pāpāwai to host Te Kotahitanga’s annual figures erected in 1904 originally stood atop 2. Whakapakoko following restoration work, Māori Parliament in 1897 and 1898. The “Te posts mounted around the perimeter and October 1993. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND Kotahitanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi” political represented leading rangatira of the hapū, iwi POUHERE TAONGA) movement was established by many iwi to and wider district including Nukupewapewa, 3. Pāpāwai Marae waharoa, c.2012. further self-determination and to resist land Ngātuere, and Te Wharepōuri (of Te Āti Awa in (CREDIT: BRUCE STIRLING) loss. Those who gathered at Pāpāwai were a Tara). One represented the early 4. ‘Māori group at the opening of meeting house visited by the then Governor General of New settler William Mein Smith. at Pāpāwai Pa, Greytown,’ 1897 (Premier Richard Zealand, Lord Ranfurly, and Premier Richard Seddon front left in top hat with beard). The whakapakoko stood facing inwards John Seddon. (CREDIT: PACOLL-1892-77, ALEXANDER TURNBULL LIBRARY) towards the marae to represent peace and 5. Tamahau Mahupuku and his wife Arete at The large purpose-built-T shaped structure at unity, rather than outwards in a defensive Pāpāwai, c.1900. (CREDIT: 1/1-007843-G, ALEXANDER Pāpāwai comprised two whare: Aotea was a stance. The whakapakoko reflect the unique TURNBULL LIBRARY)

heritage.org.nz 7 TARANAKI

New Zealand’s dairy industry was well altered. However, the hydro-power scheme, Kaupokonui established by the 1880s, but was relatively which was developed from 1900 onwards, slow to take hold in Taranaki. By the was modified out of necessity to continue crème de la beginning of the 20th century the province’s to make it viable. One example of this was dairy industry was flourishing though, the building of a new weir in 1941 after a crème including the Kaupokonui cooperative. destructive flood. The cooperative was founded in 1897 The Kaupokonui cooperative became widely and immediately set about building its recognised as the most successful dairy The comprehensive group Kaupokonui factory, which rapidly became cooperative in New Zealand and, some of dairy factory buildings the parent location to many branch factories said, the world. However, after 30 years of the company subsumed or established and hydro-power installation discussions the Kaupokonui cooperative throughout the district. The Kaupokonui created by the Kaupokonui finally amalgamated with one of its once cooperative was also quick to establish bitter rivals in 1963. The end product of Cooperative Dairy Company private hydro-power capabilities at this and subsequent amalgamations was Limited, at Kaupokonui Kaupokonui, giving it a distinct advantage the creation of the dairying giant Fonterra over many of its competitors. in south Taranaki, has Cooperative Dairies in 2001. recently been added to the The original 1897 timber factory burnt down The Kaupokonui Cooperative Dairy Factory in 1910 and was rebuilt in reinforced concrete, New Zealand Heritage List/ Complex (Former) has particular heritage as were subsequent additions and other Rārangi Kōrero as a Category 1 importance because of the pervasiveness of auxiliary buildings. Despite incremental dairying in Taranaki, as well as the outstanding historic place. additions the factory building, a landmark historic contribution the Kaupokonui along the Surf Highway/State Highway cooperative and factory complex made 45, retains its characteristic dairy factory Kaupokonui Cooperative Dairy Factory to this industry locally and nationally. n appearance due to features such as the large Complex (Former) is the most intact 1952 loading bay. Writer: Karen Astwood remaining example of a dairying complex in the region, which contributes to the Unlike the factory, the 1911 reinforced outstanding heritage significance of concrete general store, and other associated (ABOVE) Kaupokonui Cooperative Dairy Company – the complex. utility buildings have not been significantly Main Factory, 2012. (CREDIT: RON LAMBERT)

8 heritage.org.nz CANTERBURY November conference in Cromwell

The Earth Building Association of New Zealand’s national conference is being held in Cromwell from 2-3 November. “For many years natural building has been seen as a fringe construction technique, but in Central Otago we have many repurposed earth buildings, outstanding examples of new work, and comfortable accommodation in bed and breakfasts, homes and campgrounds,” says association representative and Alexandra-based sustainability consultant, Nigel Murray. The association’s conference theme is ‘Standing the Test of Time’. “We want to show off the number and variety of earth buildings still doing fine service,” says Nigel. Members’ interests include adobe, cob, rammed earth, poured earth, pressed Standing the test of time earth and straw bale construction. “We mean to show that earth building has Coton’s Cottage in Hororata was Traditional lime plastering specialist, Mike a functional history that is still being used, built of cob more than 150 years Jackson, says few tradespeople these days and is being further developed today.” have much experience with cob. He learnt For more information please visit ago. Labourer Bentley Coton his trade in Dorset, in consultation with the www.earthbuilding.org.nz and his wife Sarah Jane had Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings. no children, so the five-room He also draws on the expertise of Rose of Writer: Michele Hollis dwelling was remarkably spacious Jericho, which has analysed the composition of lime, mortar and paint on some key (BELOW) The homestead and outbuildings for a small-holder couple at the at Hayes Engineering Works, Oturehua, are heritage buildings in New Zealand to identify mostly mudbrick. The complex is managed by time. The cottage became a the appropriate materials for repairs. Heritage New Zealand. (CREDIT: GRANT SHEEHAN) historic reserve in the 1970s, and When the work is complete the Hororata was then largely rebuilt by the Historical Society will once again open the Hororata Historical Society. The cottage and nearby museum for the public cob building suffered extensive to visit on fine Sunday afternoons. damage during the earthquake Listen to Mike Jackson discussing cob on 4 September 2010. construction at Coton’s Cottage with Heritage New Zealand Outreach Advisor Michele Hollis: https://soundcloud.com/withonelmichele/ interview-with-mike-jackson-traditional-lime- The cottage is currently closed for repairs. plastering Heritage New Zealand has contracted M C Jackson Plastering to do the work, which Writer: Michele Hollis involves stripping the previous render and re-plastering all the walls, inside and out, as well (ABOVE) Coton’s Cottage is undergoing specialist as digging out and replacing the earth floor. repair. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND POUHERE TAONGA)

heritage.org.nz 9 NORTHLAND

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including from natural disaster. These places 5. Te Minita Whanaketanga Māori Minister for Treaty Grounds have rich historical, physical and cultural Māori Development Nanaia Mahuta speaks at significance, and without them we are losing Te Whare Rūnanga at Waitangi. ceremony a something special that identifies us as New 6. The flagpole at Waitangi adds to the many Zealanders. A key policy objective of National centuries of history at the Waitangi Treaty wonderful day Historic Landmarks is to help prioritise the Grounds. Government’s heritage conservation efforts, 7. The poutokomanawa (central post) standing including earthquake strengthening. within Te Whare Rūnanga at the Waitangi It was a moving occasion at Treaty Grounds. Heritage New Zealand works in partnership Te Pitowhenua Waitangi Treaty (CREDIT: JESS BURGES/HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND POUHERE with Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture and TAONGA – ALL PHOTOS, UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) Grounds on 27 June when it Heritage and other stakeholders to deliver was formally announced as and promote the programme. the country’s first National For more information about the programme Historic Landmark. please visit www.historiclandmarks.org.nz n

The National Historic Landmarks/Ngā Manawhenua o Aotearoa me ōna Kōrero 1. Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Māori Heritage Council Chair Tā John Clarke blesses Tūturu programme was introduced by the the wakahuia, a carved treasure box holding the Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act certificate of Landmarks status as a symbol of 2014 as a way to better recognise and protect National Historic Landmarks recognition. this country’s most outstanding heritage 2. The wakahuia takes pride of place ahead places. It acknowledges those places that of the ceremony. (CREDIT: MICHELLE HORWOOD/HERITAGE New Zealanders demonstrably care about NEW ZEALAND POUHERE TAONGA) as cornerstones of national identity. 3. Waitangi National Trust chair Pita Tīpene with The aim is to protect heritage places most the wakahuia. important to New Zealanders through 4. Associate Minister for Arts, Culture and long-term risk planning and management, Heritage Grant Robertson speaks at Waitangi.

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heritage.org.nz 11 AUCKLAND

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12 heritage.org.nz is a communal DVD library in the basement Heritage owner profile: and residents meet together on occasion. The Shortland Flats has opened its doors to Mik Smellie the public on a number of occasions, last year in conjunction with Heritage New Zealand as Shortland Flats, Auckland part of the heritage festival. Shortland Flats are in close Shortland Flats – a sense of a living persona in the concrete jungle. Q: proximity to a number of Heritage Self-described city centre fanatic and heritage apartment owner, New Zealand-listed places. What does living in the city centre mean to you? Mik Smellie, shares his love of his heritage apartment building We live within a nice little enclave around in Auckland and what makes it so special. He talks with Antony Phillips. Emily Place. The former Four Seasons, Brooklyn Apartments and 1YA Building are all around us. One aspect about living in a heritage building Tell us about your property. What makes the Shortland Flats with quite a bit of history is that it’s very easy Q: The Shortland Flats were built in Q: so unique? to have pride in the place – a curatorial aspect. 1923, completed in 1924 and designed by The (interior) wood panelling which isn’t found What kind of advice has the Auckland architects McDonald, Mullions and in many places and the fact that the building Q: Shortland Flats received from Smith. Located in the heart of the Auckland hasn’t been impacted by a penthouse or Heritage New Zealand? city centre, it’s a rare example of an apartment ‘top hat’ structure on the roof. The roof is still Heritage New Zealand advocated quite building in neo-gothic style and one of a few intact with a washing line and communal strongly for the building to be included in of the early purpose-built apartment buildings spaces. Michael McKeown, co-chair of the the Auckland Unitary Plan heritage schedule, still remaining in Auckland. Board of Directors, has been a strong advocate which is helpful for the long-term protection of our building. On another occasion, a What drew you to the Shortland for maintaining the original features. The telecommunications company wanted to Flats? Shortland Flats Limited is a flat-owning Q: clamp provision for fibre broadband on the Previously we lived in the Endeans Building company and was incorporated in December front of the building. With Heritage New at the bottom of Queen Street. Heritage 1922. These days, most buildings are run Zealand’s intervention and guidance, a more apartments have a greater sense of volume, by a body corporate, but in 1922 there was willing and appropriate building was found. invariably because the stud is much higher. no provision in the law for ownership of a Older buildings have a sense of a living persona multi-unit complex – a rather unusual and Finally, are there any upcoming in their own right; you can have a greater sense rare feature in 2019 New Zealand that works Q: projects in the pipeline? of engagement with the building because of extremely well for us as owners. Our electric (not electronic) cage lift is in its heritage identity. need of upgrading, raising the issue of a 1 Compared to many modern refurbishment that marries compliance with What are some of the special Q: apartment buildings, the Shortland current regulations, with the appropriate look, Q: features of the Shortland Flats? Flats are quite small. Is there a sense of feel and integrity befitting this fine building. n Our building is a group of flats that were community in your building? built specifically for the intention of living, as With a high owner-occupancy rate this 1. The Shortland Flats in central Auckland. opposed to retrofitted buildings. Flats have building is very cohesive because everybody 2. Flat owner Mik Smellie. an entrance area where people transition has a vested interest in the care of Shortland 3. The beautiful heritage entrance to the flats. before entering the larger rooms, not found Flats – because it’s very much our home. In our 4. The old switchboard, a piece of art in its in modern apartments, along with separate building we have had progressive dinners and own right. kitchens and laundry rooms. a Neighbours’ Day event on the roof top. There (CREDIT: ALL IMAGES SUPPLIED)

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heritage.org.nz 13 TAUPŌ DISTRICT

Remembering Te Kooti and caring for Te Porere

On 4 October 1869, Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Turuki and his followers faced off against a combined force of more than 500 government troops and Māori allies, from an uncompleted earthen redoubt dug into the slopes above the upper Wanganui River. The government forces had attacked a rifle pit and lower redoubt defended by Ngāti Tūwharetoa before taking the upper redoubt. The confrontation was a last ditch battle designed to catch the elusive Te Kooti, but he escaped into dense bush.

Thirty-seven of Te Kooti’s supporters fell during is that it helps refocus on the day-to-day using a combination of drone-based aerial the battle and were buried in the upper management of Te Porere. It also reopens photogrammetry and ground-based laser redoubt and years later a memorial plaque the lines of communication between Heritage scanning. The resulting models will be used was placed on-site to acknowledge the lives New Zealand and the hapū of Ngāti Hikairo for interpretive purposes and monitoring the lost. Te Porere was to be one of the last major Ki Tongariro. status of the site at a very fine scale. Future engagements of the New Zealand Wars. surveys will help monitor the effectiveness “We’re excited to be working with Ngāti of conservation strategies undertaken at Today, 150 years on, Te Kooti is recognised Hikairo and the larger Ngāti Tūwharetoa iwi Te Porere. as one of the 19th century’s most significant to work towards a weekend of events to Māori leaders in war and peace – with his commemorate the Te Porere battle on The turn-off to Te Porere Redoubts is marked legacy extending to the continuation of 4 October,” says Paulette. by a road sign on the left of SH47 (if travelling the Ringatū faith. The site of the battle northwest towards Turangi). Visitors can park “We’ve also got heritage management at Te Porere is recognised as a wāhi tapu and walk 10 minutes up the track to the first consultancy, Geometria, assisting us to answer area (sacred site) and is also registered as redoubt and then another 10 minutes up to some questions posed by Ngāti Hikairo, a Category 1 historic place. Yet beyond the upper redoubt. n such as how much of the original Te Porere the famous battle, Te Porere is also deeply earthworks exist. We know that a lot of significant to the people of Ngāti Tūwharetoa. reconstruction happened in the 1960s and (TOP) Early results of the aerial photogrammetry Heritage New Zealand’s Central Manager 70s, and we’re thinking carefully about how of the lower redoubt. (CREDIT: GEOMETRIA) Heritage Assets, Paulette Wallace, says that we look after the redoubts into the future.” (ABOVE RIGHT) Heritage New Zealand’s Anna Maria the great thing about a milestone such as the Rossi examines part of the upper redoubt. In June 2019, Geometria recorded the two 150th anniversary of the battle at Te Porere (CREDIT: PAULETTE WALLACE/HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND pa sites as high resolution digital 3D models, POUHERE TAONGA)

14 heritage.org.nz BAY OF PLENTY

Seventies celebration of tourism architecture recognised A building that captures the innovation of 1970s architecture in all its splendour has been added to the New Zealand Heritage List/Rārangi Kōrero as a Category 1 historic place.

The Whakatāne Airport Terminal – described With its concrete pipe windows and skylights, To celebrate the listing, Heritage New Zealand variously as “ugly”, “Disneyland” and exposed timber, mix of cellular forms and was hosted by Ngāi Taiwhakaea and Whakatāne “something out of Grimm’s Fairy Tales” by roofs, and strong colours, Walker’s terminal District Council at the airport. Claire Craig, some locals when it first opened in May 1974 was about as far removed from ‘conventional’ Heritage New Zealand’s Deputy Chief Executive, – has been formally identified as a place of airport architecture as was possible. presented Whakatāne Mayor, Tony Bonne, with outstanding heritage value. a new owner welcome pack, and Heritage In 2011, when the Whakatāne Airport’s New Zealand Board member, Chris Cochran, “The iconic example of 1970s award-winning new master plan appeared to indicate that presented the Mayor with the Listing Report. architecture has sparked debate from day the terminal building could be at risk of one,” says Alexandra Foster of Heritage demolition, architects and architectural Architect Roger Walker, who also attended New Zealand Pouhere Taonga, who worked historians came to its defence. the celebration, said he was honoured by the news. on the listing. In 2013, the building received an NZIA Bay “I thank Heritage New Zealand for recognising “Designed by architect Roger of Plenty Enduring Architecture Award, the terminal’s value as an iconic example of Walker, the brief for the terminal building and in 2017 was included as a heritage what we were doing in that decade so that was to come up with a distinctive design people in the future can experience the 70s that sought to make the ‘Sunshine Town’ of building in the Whakatāne District Plan. in all its glory.” n Whakatāne appealing to visitors as a holiday The addition of the terminal to the New destination, and to contribute to a distinctive Zealand Heritage List represents a number of Writer: John O’Hare regional identity.” firsts – it is the first airport terminal on the List, (LEFT) The Whakatāne Airport Terminal. the first Roger Walker-designed building on Inspired by the ultra-modern Japanese (RIGHT) Architect Roger Walker celebrates the listing Metabolist movement, the then 29-year-old’s the List, and the first Category 1 Listing of the Whakatāne Airport Terminal. (CREDIT: HERITAGE design met the brief brilliantly. in Whakatāne. NEW ZEALAND POUHERE TAONGA – ALL PHOTOS)

heritage.org.nz 15 MID-CANTERBURY

The Ng King Chinese Market Garden "This is a rare, and probably unique, Recognition Settlement on Allens Road dates from 1921, example of a Chinese market garden so is not automatically protected by the law, settlement in New Zealand that still has for rare market which covers pre-1900 sites. After extensive much of its fabric intact,” says Heritage investigation and consultation, the Board New Zealand Senior Archaeologist, Frank garden site of Heritage New Zealand exercised its van der Heijden. powers to declare the Ng King Bros site an A Chinese market garden archaeological one under the Heritage “There is the potential to learn a huge New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014. amount from this site, and I am very grateful settlement in Ashburton to the families for their help while I was has joined the small list Although the buildings were already working on the archaeological assessment.” th protected under the Ashburton District of 20 century sites to gain Plan, the archaeological declaration extends The buildings are managed through a the full legal protection protection to the entire site, including partnership arrangement between the of archaeology. features below the ground. Any earthworks descendants of the original owners and or proposals to develop the land will require the Ashburton District Council. n permission from Heritage New Zealand Writer: Michele Hollis along with the land owners. In its heyday, mid-century, Ng King Bros was a bustling enterprise, servicing Ashburton and neighbouring townships, trading produce in , sustaining a dozen families on-site and serving as a focal point of community life.

16 heritage.org.nz SOUTHLAND

The man who drove a gold mining revival ‘Pluck’ does not appear much in newspaper copy these days, but in the 1890s, gold miner and entrepreneur Choie Sew Hoy seems to have been the very embodiment of “spirited and determined courage”, an indomitable man:

“I am told Sew Hoy and party have struck Nokomai in northern Southland was an Mrs Agnew and husband Trevor have written it rich in their gold-mining speculations important thoroughfare for Ngai Tahu, with a book about the life and times of Choie at Nokomai … I don’t think anyone will ara (traditional trails) connecting Te Papapuni Sew Hoy (publication forthcoming). They grudge them their rich reward for such (Nevis River) and the Mataura River, and it was point out that under the direction of Kum plucky enterprise.” Tuturau chief Reko who led the first European Poy, the company’s attempt to introduce a Otago Witness, 17 October 1895 pastoralist into this remote area. After farmers massive drag-line bucket system in the 1930s, came the gold rushes of the 1860s and 70s, although a technical failure, was “an interesting “Mr Sew Hoy is one of the most and Nokomai was briefly a bustling settlement example of the early use of modern publicity enterprising men in this part of the with three hotels, a shop, stable, smithy and techniques, including a touring working- colony, and it is gratifying to hear school. When Choie Sew Hoy and his son model, punchy advertisements, and special that his pluck and energy have met Choie Kum Poy (usually known as Kum Poy news items.” with success.” Sew Hoy) went to Nokomai in 1894, however, Tuapeka Times, 26 February 1896 Choie Sew Hoy’s story is all the more the place was all but abandoned. remarkable given the legal discrimination and Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga has The Sew Hoys were the first to successfully use widespread prejudice against Chinese people now added Sew Hoy’s gold workings and hydraulic sluicing and elevating to extract gold at the time. Historian James Ng could think water race system at Nokomai (Southland) to in the district. Their companies, restructured of no other 19th century Chinese individual the New Zealand Heritage List/Rārangi Kōrero several times, worked the Nokomai Valley until who gained as much wealth from gold mining as a Category 1 Historic Place. 1943, led by Choie Sew Hoy and then his son and only one other (Chew Chong in Taranaki) (TOP LEFT) Heritage New Zealand Chief Executive Kum Poy. Theirs was the largest and longest who gained as much wealth or standing in Andrew Coleman addresses the families at the Ng running gold mining enterprise of its type, New Zealand. King Bros Market Garden Settlement. The large and their success attracted large numbers of traditional pig oven, lined with firebricks, is visible miners to return to the area. Part of the Roaring Lion race is accessible via behind the crowd: food was lowered on the pulley a private walking and mountain biking trail: for cooking. Descendants recall that on Sundays Choie Sew Hoy’s innovations extended to his www.welcomerock.co.nz n the men cooked and families came from across business affairs. Canterbury for generous lunches. The oven was Writer: Michele Hollis restored in 2013 by the Ashburton District Council “He could see that changing technology with funding from the Chinese Poll Tax Heritage required greater investment. Like the Sew Hoy Trust, and is thought to be the only original functioning oven of its type in Australasia. gold dredging operation at Big Beach, (CREDIT: CHRIS HOOPMAN) the Nokomai venture was significant in being a private Chinese-led investment that was later (TOP RIGHT) Raceman’s Hut. The miners lived an isolated life. (CREDIT: HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND floated as a public company,” says Jenny Sew POUHERE TAONGA) Hoy Agnew.

heritage.org.nz 17 CANTERBURY Cathedral team focus on planning upfront Visitors to central Christchurch might see little activity on-site but work to reinstate the earthquake- damaged Christ Church Cathedral is underway.

Reinstatement will involve a combination of repair, restoration, reconstruction and seismic strengthening, including a base isolated foundation to help protect against future earthquakes.

Project Director, Keith Paterson of the Christ Church Cathedral Reinstatement Project, says they are “going like the clappers” behind the scenes. “Our focus is on critical planning to ensure the project enhances the functionality and flexibility of the cathedral, while respecting its heritage.”

Mr Paterson says planning is covering all parts of the project simultaneously – the main building, the ancillary buildings, and the tower and spire. Consideration is being given to improving conditions for worship in the main cathedral including comfort (acoustics, lines of sight, and heating), and improving the connection between the cathedral and Cathedral Square and the visitor experience.

“The building cannot be entered due to its structural condition. The first challenge is to stabilise the damaged building so it can be worked on,” Mr Paterson says. “We have working on stabilisation and a building and concept design in tandem because the two are interdependent. This is to ensure that the temporary stabilisation won’t get in the way of the permanent reinstatement work that follows later. This is the most effective and efficient way to progress the project and provides a coordinated approach across the entire site.”

In the meantime, on-site activity is confined to some maintenance, tree pruning,

18 heritage.org.nz Bringing back the bells In a nutshell

With a limited physical presence on-site this Who is running the project? How much will it cost? year, the project team has brought back the Q: The reinstatement project is being Q: There is no definitive project cost as sound of bells broadcasting recordings of run by a joint venture company, Christ yet. The company says costs will be clearer genuine cathedral bell-ringing on Fridays Church Cathedral Reinstatement Limited. once the concept design phase is complete. at lunchtime each week. Its two shareholders are Church Property Funds will come from insurance proceeds, Trustees, which owns the cathedral on the Crown, Christchurch City Council and Bells have been rung at the cathedral since behalf of the Christchurch Anglican donations. A fundraising campaign will be 1881 (although women were not permitted Diocese, and the Christ Church Cathedral launched next year. to be bell-ringers until 1930). The 13 bells in Reinstatement Trust, an independent the cathedral at the time of the earthquakes trust established by the Crown to raise were sent back to the English town of the anticipated shortfall in funding and How different will the cathedral Loughborough, where they were originally oversee the use of public funds. The look in the end? cast in 1978, for checking, polishing and new Q: project is being supported by the Bishop, The company says that for most people, fittings. Many of the dents were deliberately the Dean and the cathedral community. the reinstated cathedral will be visually similar kept as part of their earthquake story. An to the original neo-Gothic Revival building. additional bell was made in memory of those How long will it take? who lost their lives in the earthquake. The Q: The project is expected to take Writer: Michele Hollis bells are in storage until they can be re-hung. between seven and 10 years, as traditional material and techniques will be used as “We wanted to remind people that there is well as modern ones. a reinstatement project underway and the cathedral will once again be full of people, prayer, music, song, and the sound of bells,” says the project’s Communications and Engagement Manager, Annemarie Mora.

Bringing back the bells

heritage fabric protection, and geotechnical investigations.

People can expect to see stabilisation begin in the first quarter of 2020, taking 12 to 18 months to complete. Techniques are expected to include propping the external walls first then progressively installing temporary supporting framework to columns, walls and arches inside the building.

After this, the main cathedral structure will be fully strengthened, reinstated and reconfigured internally. Updates: https://reinstate.org.nz n Rose window detail Writer: Michele Hollis Designed by architect , the rose window contained more than 4,000 pieces of glass and measured 7.5 metres in diameter. During recent heritage protection work, a substantial section of intact stained glass from the rose window was found lodged between the internal and external wall layers. Measuring about 13cm by 12cm, the piece depicts the head of one of the heavenly hierarchy of angels (FAR LEFT) Christ Church Cathedral, May 2019. and is one of the largest pieces recovered to date. (CREDIT: OLIVIA SPENCER-BOWER/PROJECT STORY) (CREDIT: ANGLICAN DIOCESE OF CHRISTCHURCH)

heritage.org.nz 19 NORTHLAND

“We are grateful to Ngāti Rēhia – who are within a Te Ao Māori landscape, and Dawn ceremony kaitiaki/ahi kā for the Kororipo Basin area – today provide evidence of two different for leading this all-inclusive event that will worlds coming together at Kerikeri two to start weave together tangata whenua as well centuries ago. as representatives from the Government, “This is where modern New Zealand regional and national organisations, the bicentennial began. The small frontier mission that was Anglican Diocese, interfaith fellowships, local established at Kororipo pre-dates Te Tiriti o schools and the wider community.” celebrations Waitangi by over 20 years, and is one of the Weaving is central to the kaupapa of Tūhono oldest – if not the oldest – settlement where Tūhono Kerikeri! – a programme Kerikeri! whose tagline is ‘standing together, Māori and Pākehā have continuously lived of events marking Kerikeri’s weaving our future’. together,” she says. bicentennial – will be launched “We are celebrating 200 years of a shared “That’s why Tūhono Kerikeri! has significance on 27 October with a dawn history that incorporates some of the earliest for all New Zealanders, and represents a blessing and official opening encounters between Māori and European heritage that we all share, irrespective of at Kororipo Heritage Park. settlers, right through to the Kerikeri we know where in the country we live.” today,” says June. To learn more about Tūhono Kerikeri! events One of the symbols of this relationship visit www.tuhonokerikeri.nz n is Kororipo Basin itself. Hongi Hika’s pā – Writer: John O’Hare The ceremony will be the curtain-raiser for Kororipo – and the site of his kainga the six-month programme of celebrations. overlook the Stone Store and Kemp House – two of New Zealand’s oldest surviving “This will be a significant occasion that European buildings. will wrap a korowai of blessing around (ABOVE) The entrance to Kororipo Heritage Pā. the bicentennial,” says Tūhono Kerikeri! The remnant buildings from the Church (CREDIT: GRANT SHEEHAN/HERITAGE NEW ZEALAND Coordinator, June Pitman. Missionary Society mission sat very much POUHERE TAONGA)

Published by Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga, Heritage Quarterly keeps you up-to-date with heritage work from around New Zealand.

For more information or to subscribe, write to PO Box 2629, Wellington 6140 or contact the editor, phone: 04 470 8066 or email: [email protected]. ISSN 2324-4267 (Print) ISSN 2324-4275 (Online).

20 heritage.org.nz