the CMS November Tumbler 2016 The monthly newsletter of the Cascade Mineralogical Society, Inc. Kent, Washington

Next Meeting: November 10, 2016 7:00 p.m. This month remember to wish a American Legion Hall Happy Birthday to 25406 97th Pl S Herman Gelbach on November 12, Kent, WA James & Xuyin Cerenzie on November 16, Robert Pattie on November 25, and also remember The Program is on to wish a Fluorescent Minerals Happy Anniversary to Robert & Jacqueline Pattie The Show & Tell Them on November 23 (59 years) is Fluorescent Minerals

This publication is an official bulletin of the Cascade Mineralogical Society Inc. (CMS).

Except where otherwise noted, material from The Tumbler may be reprinted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the author(s) and source are acknowledged. For commercial use, the author(s) must be contacted for permission; if no contact information is given, contact them via the editor.

Tips, suggestions, recipes and experiments printed in this newsletter are the experiences and/or opinions of the individuals submitting them. We are not responsible for their authenticity, safety, or reliability. Caution and safety should always be practiced when trying out any new idea.

When on field trips this organization uses CB Channel 7.

CMS Club Address Postal, or Email, Exchange Rich Russell Keith Alan Morgan, Editor Bulletins are welcome. 14431 SE 254th St. Email preferred. Kent, WA 98042 [email protected] The Tumbler Page 2 November 2016 Officers & Directors 2016

President Kat Koch [email protected] Vice President Diana Horsfall Treasurer Richard Russell Secretary Pete Williams Director Roger Pullen Director Mark Hohn Past President Bob Pattie Federation Representative Michael Blanton Federation Representative Kat Koch Mineral Council Bob Pattie Mineral Council Jacquie Pattie Refreshment Diana Horsfall Membership Health & Welfare Bev Williams Library Bob Pattie Video Library Raffle/Display Stanley Loreen Show & Tell Michael Blanton Field Trip Tony Johnson Tumbler Editor Keith Alan Morgan [email protected] Webmaster Mark Hohn South Sound Show Events Coordinator Public Relations Kat Koch Club Historian Donations Kat Koch Shop Operations Bob Pattie Open Shop Shop Instructors: Faceting Jewelry Bob Pattie

2016 CMS Dues are $30. Send or deliver dues to: Richard Russell 14431 SE 254th St. Kent, WA 98042 (or pay him at the meeting)

The object of the Society shall be to stimulate interest in the study of the earth sciences, lapidary arts and related subjects.

This Society is affiliated with the American Federation of Mineralogical Societies; the Northwest Federation of Mineralogical Societies; and the Washington State Mineral Council.

Every member of the club should be receiving a copy of the Northwest Newsletter. If you are not receiving a copy contact Mike Blanton

To get information to the Tumbler via the Internet send it to [email protected] Please put Tumbler and subject in the Subject Line. The deadline is the 20th of each month.

The CMS external website is http://www.cascademineralogicalsociety.org

Our Facebook page is http://www.facebook.com/pages/Cascade-Mineralogical-Society/194320760605196 The Tumbler Page 3 November 2016 November

Board General Meeting Meeting 7 PM 7 PM

Lapidary Shop

Thanksgiving

Lapidary Class Hours:…………Closed until further notice Lapidary Shop Hours:…………3rd Tuesday………… 4:00 pm to 8:00 pm Lapidary Shop Hours:…………4th Saturday………… by appointment (call a few days ahead to set time)

South Sound Show Committee Meeting…1st Tuesday……11 am to 12 pm

CMS Board Meeting:……………Monday before the General Meeting…………7:00 pm to 8:00 pm CMS General Meeting:…………2nd Thursday…………7:00 pm to 9:00 pm

More Field Trip info can be found on Page 9 More Show info can be found on Page 10

The Tumbler has received One-Time Rights to publish this cartoon The Tumbler Page 4 November 2016

CMS Board Meeting Minutes October 10, 2016 by Pete Williams, 2016 Secretary Members Attending President Kat Koch Treasurer Rich Russell Secretary Pete Williams Federation Mike Blanton Director Roger Pullen Director Mark Hohn Meeting called to order at 7:10 Kat is requesting the collection of hours volunteered and mileage traveled from the board as well as time and mileage spent by other club members making educational presentations. The intent is to possibly try to get a charitable organization 501(c)3 designation from the IRS. Mark will be looking into seeing if he can send out email meeting reminders and annual dues reminders from the club software. He will also do some research on the difference between sponsorships and advertising for the club website. This will include classified ads for members and non-members on the website. Hits to the website were lower the last couple of months perhaps due to the summer months. Facebook hits were higher. The Green River Community College currently looks like the best site for a club show. The gym can be rented for 3 days for $3050. The soonest a show could be held would likely be Spring of 2018 due to the long lead time needed. The board will be scheduling a tour of the site and look into obtaining a sponsor. The liability insurance policy is coming due next month. Kat will look into possibly getting plastic name badges for the board to use when representing the club at various events. Our club will participate with the Puyallup Club at the Gem Fair in Puyallup on Nov. 11-13. This will include displays of member’s crafts. Volunteers to work at the fair will be requested as soon as final arrangements are made. All current officers will continue in 2017 as the 2nd year of a two-year term with the exception of one director position. As a reminder, the club Christmas meeting/party will be held on December 4 at the current meeting location. The next meeting will be November 7 at Panera Bread in Kent. Meeting adjourned at 8:31

YoungRichard’sAlmanac by Dick Morgan Reading is easier than writing as you don’t have to think about it as someone has already thought it out before you.

Garnet One glance at the deep red seeds nestled inside of a pomegranate fruit explains why the word “” comes from the Latin word “granatus,” meaning “grain” or “seed.” This name was given to the garnet because of its close resemblance to the succulent pomegranate seed. But don’t bite into a garnet, because at Moh’s hardness 6.5 to 7.5, it will definitely damage the teeth! There are many myths and legends surrounding the garnet. One Biblical legend is that Noah hung this gem on the ark to light his way through the dark and stormy nights of God’s wrath. A Greek myth linked to the garnet is the story of the young goddess of sunshine, Persephone, who was abducted by Hades, god of the underworld. Hades eventually released Persephone, but not before he offered her some pomegranate seeds, which guaranteed her return to him. First mined in Sri Lanka over 2,500 years ago, the garnet is also found in Africa, Australia, India, Russia, South America; and in the United States, in Arizona and Idaho. Although most commonly known as a red , the garnet comes in a variety of other hues, including muted yellows, vibrant oranges, rosy pinks, lime greens, and violets- a virtual bouquet of colors. This diversity is due to unique combinations of elements within each particular gem, such as iron, calcium, and manganese. Archaeologist findings of primitive style garnet jewelry among the graves of lake dwellers dates the early use of this gemstone to the age. But not all garnet is of gem quality. It is also a very effective abrasive and is used commercially for grinding and polishing. Garnet coated sandpaper is one such industrial use. The garnet continues to be the protective gem of journeyers. A gift of garnet is thought to be symbolic of love and the desire for a loved one’s safe travel and speedy homecoming. It is January’s birthstone, but far from being only a winter gem, the garnet, with its brilliance and multitude of colors, is truly one for any season. from Golden Spike News, 1/12

A Finger Saver!! An Old flat-nosed screwdriver. These save wear and tear on your fingers when you’re prying rocks out of the ground. VERY handy. from Beehive Buzzer, 3/15

Tephra is anything thrown into the air by a volcanic eruption. The Tumbler Page 5 November 2016

CMS General Meeting Minutes October 13, 2016 by Pete Williams, 2016 Secretary Meeting called to order at 7:11. Two guest were in attendance. Minutes were approved as written. Tumbler Editor: There has been a lot of articles submitted recently. Please keep it up. Webmaster’s Report: Field trips are posted on the site. Need to check with Facebook if considering as a group or a page would generate more hits. Treasurer’s Report: Dues for 2017 are now being accepted. Shop Reports: Roger and Bob have continued to work on improving the shop. The large shed housing equipment has not leaked with the recent rains. The Tuesday night opening of the shop may change due to the winter season. A regular Saturday opening is being considered. Call ahead to Bob to attend on a Saturday. Field Trip Report: The October field trip has not yet been finalized. Mineral Council: Bob did not attend the meeting. The report showed not much business was transacted. The next meeting is on the first Saturday in November in Ellensburg. Health & Welfare: Stan visited with Fred Thompson and he is doing fine. Show Committee: The Board with be taking a tour of the potential Green River Community College site and the Kent Commons. Old Business: The changes to the by-laws discussed last month were unanimously approved by those in attendance. The booth at the Washington State Fair turned out to be a fun activity. The next event is the Gem Fair on November 11-13 in Puyallup. There will be 2 cases showing things that can be done with rocks. Let Kat know if you have anything you would like to have shown. New Business: All officers are in the 2nd year of their 2 year terms with the exception of one director. Mark Hohn has agreed to continue on as a director. Program: Video on thundereggs at Richardson Ranch. Also, in honor of indigenous people’s day held in October, Kat related Indian folklore to 4 different types of rocks. Meeting Adjourned: 8:05. Displays: Kat Koch - Various rocks with legends. Rich Russell - Club thundereggs. Dick Morgan - Assorted thundereggs and polished cabochons and a slice. , lapis, Hawaiian black coral and iron ore rock.

Safety Matters– Car Talk by Ellery Borow, EFMLS Safety Chair This “Car Talk” article is not about the Public Broadcasting Corporation radio program on car repair. It is also not about listening to talk radio or carrying on a conversation with a passenger while you drive along the highway. This article is instead about cars that talk. It used to be that driving distracted was all about talking on the cell phone while one was behind the wheel while tooling down the highway- and indeed that is still big news and a cause for concern while driving. But wait, there’s more! More in this case is when cars start talking to us. Do you remember when a car would say “your door is ajar” when a car door was not fully closed? While that was distracting they are even more distracting now. Modern cars can read our emails to us, offer driving directions, offer a backup camera, monitor how close we are to a car parked beside us, offer radar assisted driving and braking and so on. These are all wonderful and very much safety oriented features. They also qualify as distractions as they take vital portions of our precious attention to the many tasks of driving- obeying traffic signs, watching for hidden ped-x-crossings, looking for the child chasing an errant ball across the road, checking for weaving traffic and so on. Driving requires our undivided attention! Distracting features can sometimes be turned off, or at least monitored when in a safe location such as the new texting rest stops popping up here and there. Distractions that can not be turned off can be monitored by a passenger if you have one with you. Ours is a traveling hobby- traveling to field trips and to and from meetings or shows, special club programs, workshops, and the like. With all those miles, and all those distracted drivers, we need as few extra distractions as possible to be safe. Please mind the distraction potential of all those handy talking car devices. While they can enhance the safety of our travels, they should be used with care. Be safe, drive safe. via Gem & Mineral Journal, 1/16; from EFMLS News, 1/16

Buckets. If you just want a couple pieces of each type of rock, those small ice-cream buckets are good and fun for the kids. You may want something bigger for bigger things. A 5-gallon bucket is easy to fill. Or 2 or 3… But for the smaller rocks, smaller buckets work well. Also the 1 gallon sized baggies. And a regular sized Ziploc baggie will be plenty for the crystals. So, don’t be afraid to bring too many. from Beehive Buzzer, 3/15 The Tumbler Page 6 November 2016

A Note From The President’s Desk… By Kat Koch, 2016 CMS President

There isn’t much news this month. Everything seems to be moving along very well. If you have a topic you would like to see presented at our General Meetings please email me. Now is the time to speak up as I am working on the meetings for 2017. Use the “Contact Us!” link on our website. I am still looking for a few volunteers to help at our booth/table at the Gem Fair, Puyallup Fairgrounds, Friday noon-6 pm, Saturday 10 am - 6 pm and Sunday 10 am - 5 pm. Again we will be distributing information on CMS and Puyallup Clubs. I really need help covering this event as Mike and I have booked a Holiday show that weekend will be unable to volunteer. Contact me for available time slots. The club needs volunteers to help: Plan our General Meetings each month Help the Board find a venue for a spring 2018 Club Show Planning our upcoming December Holiday party Historian Outreach - Contact various youth groups such as Boy and Girl Scouts, Campfire Girls, area schools and home school organizations to see if we can give an educational talk on rocks and minerals. Also many schools have a hallway display case. See if the CMS can put in a rock and mineral display. Youth Program Chairmen. (Once we get a few children coming regularly.) NFMS has loads of resource information and a program that can be followed. The NFMS offers badges and financial rewards to the children. Backup Field Trip Guide. To help Tony out when is he unable to do a field trip. Please contact me via email (from website) or cellphone if you have questions or want more details in regards to volunteering in any of these positions. The Club Needs YOU! The club cannot run without its volunteers and needs the support of all its members. Support your club! The hardest part is raising your hand.

Goldstone Goldstone is a type of glass made with or copper salts in the presence of a reducing flame. Under normal oxidative conditions, copper ions meld to into the silica to produce transparent bluish-green glass; when the reduced Goldstone melt cools, the copper remains in atomic isolation and precipitates into small crystalline clusters. The most common form of Goldstone gives the illusion of being reddish-brown, though in fact that color comes from the copper crystals and glass itself is colorless. Some Goldstone variants have an intensely colored glass matrix… usually blue or violet, more rarely green. The manufacturing process of Goldstone was discovered in the seventeenth century Venice by the Miotti family, which was granted an exclusive license by the Doge. via The Whittier Rockhounder, 1/16; from Hill and Gully Paydirt, 12/15

Wire Wrap Jewelry: A History From the Past to the Present by Diane Mason We should begin this journey by defining just what jewelry is and does. Jewelry is comprised of those items that we wear to adorn our clothes, bodies, and personalities. wrap jewelry began as an ancient craft and continues today. It is the only known metal jewelry craft that is created completely without or : this simply means that there is no heat applied; there is no flame or torch used to melt the metals together. Consequently, creating jewelry is more of a challenge since the piece must be held together only by the themselves. It is a logical assumption to believe that the first items made were of organic materials that were available to primitive man. Such items may have included wood, grass, nuts, seeds, bones, and shells. At some point in time and metals were added. It is unknown which metal was first found. A copper was discovered in what is now Iraq and has been dated at about 8,700 BCE. It is believed that appeared on the scene around 4,000 BCE. Artisans of ancient Egypt used gold to adorn their bodies more than 5,000 years ago. It is very unfortunate that early on so many of the tombs and relics were looted and the metals melted simply for their value. Thus, we have lost many artifacts and much of our early creative history. Examples of wire and beaded jewelry made by using wire wrap techniques date back thousands of years. The has samples of jewelry from the Sumerian dynasty found in the Cemetery of Ur that contain spiraled wire components. It is known that Egyptian and Phoenician artists practiced this craft over 4,000 years ago, and pieces have been found in the Pyramids as well as in ancient Pharaohs tombs. The art of wire wrapping has been clearly identified around the time of the Phoenician empire about 1,000 BCE. At that time gold or was hammered into thin sheets, cut into thin strips, and the edges filed smooth to make the wire. Wire was then woven Continued on next page The Tumbler Page 7 November 2016 Field Trips The club or clubs sponsoring the field trips are shown in italics. When known I have listed a phone number and contact person for each sponsoring club below the listed trips. If you are not a member of the sponsoring club, you should phone and ask permission to go on their field trip. Some trips have fees to non club members, so they can be a day member, and be covered under club insurance. The usual fee is $.50 a day. Information from the Washington State Mineral Council webpage (http://www.mineralcouncil.org).

November 19 Mt. Baker club - Blanchard Hill - Meet before 9:00 @ I-5 Exit 240 Gas Station - Dalmation Stone - Bring hard rock tools

Check the club website for field trip information http://www.cascademineralogicalsociety.org into a basket of and set into a breastplate. Artisans would also use this process to decorate family crests or coat of arms. At approximately the same time, in the Book of Exodus, detailed instructions were given about setting gemstones into the priestly garments. Biblical scholars have placed this event near 1446 BCE. It is unknown exactly which of these forms of wire usage might have occurred first. By the eighth century BCE, the Italian Etruscans in the Tuscany region produced granulated textured gold wire that was often used in making open to hold perfume. A pin or decorative ornament thought to have been made sometime circa 750 BCE was found and is preserved today in a museum. In ancient Greece, beads shaped into natural forms like shells and flowers were made on a fairly large scale. Beautiful and ornate using wire to mount these items were found in burial sites as early as 300 BCE. Certainly as the ancient world grew and empires fell, the use of wire expanded and was moved around the world by traveling armies. Early explorers carried pieces with them, and eventually this included moving the pieces and their craft across vast oceans. When early settlers to America became friendly with Native Americans, they became extremely intrigued with another form of jewelry. Native Americans made jewelry with bones, animal heads, claws, and sinew. Thus, it is believed that this new form of craftsmanship was incorporated into some of the pieces the settlers were used to creating. In the 1800’s, the Bohemian culture made wonderful necklaces and to connect beads and stones. These items were a favorite with European aristocracy for over half a century. It would be an injustice not to mention the tinkers of Europe. This unique group later became known in America and other parts of the world as Gypsies. While their primary use of wire was to make miniature objects such as horses, carriages, bicycles, boats, and other trinkets, they also made jewelry from wire. They played a great part in the spread of this craft. The earliest reference to drawn wire is in eighth century France. The first commercial wire production was in 1270 CE in France. This enterprise consisted of drawing metal wire through holes in beads. Today wire manufacturing is much more economical, and wire is produced in vast quantities. Wire comes in many sizes, shapes, and varying degrees of hardness. There is always an appropriate wire available for the particular project the artisan has in mind. The wires used in designing jewelry may be from many different alloys such as gold, copper, , , fine silver, and Argentium. The temper may be soft, medium, or hard. Hard and half hard wire is better used in simple wire wrap while soft wire lends itself more to sculpting and allows the wire to be twisted more easily. Sizes of wire vary from the size of a sewing thread to the width of a watchband, thus giving the creator a larger selection of styles. Modern day wire wrapping in England, Canada, and the United States can probably be attributed to an enterprising artist named C.G. Oxley. He first used wire wrap techniques in England as a form of occupational physical therapy for World War I veterans. He became so enterprising that he opened and ran a very lucrative jewelry business until his doors closed in 1982. Jim and Mavis Llewellyn, two of his students, traveled to Canada taking with them his favorite pastime of wire wrapping. Thus, the craft once again moved across an ocean. In 1994, Sir Paul Howard of Queensland, Australia became interested in the unique craft of wire wrapping. He met Don and Francis Mason of Bermuda who were wire artists, and became intrigued with their work. Sir Paul had difficulty obtaining wire in his native Australia and eventually found a merchant in Sydney who would make the wire for him. Today wire wrapped jewelry and craft items are not mass produced. The jewelry is popular precisely because of the uniqueness and individuality of each piece. There are schools and internet classes across the United States and throughout the World to instruct interested students. The basic craft is simple to learn but the final creation may become very complex depending on the gem stone, bead, or technique the artist wishes to use. This craft, unlike many others, does not require the purchase of a large amount of tools. It does, however, require a desire (and the patience) to learn, as well as the willingness to spend the time required to create a lovely piece of jewelry. The next time you study and admire (and covet) a piece of wire wrapped jewelry remember the rich amount of artisan history that you are holding in your hands and just imagine where this craft, will go in the future. via The Rockhounder, 11/14; via Golden Spike News, 11/10; from Chippers’ Chatter, 10/14 Shows November 12 & 13: Saturday 9 am - 5 pm; Sunday 10 am - 4 pm Skagit Rock & Gem Club, Treasures of the Earth Sedro Woolley Community Center 703 Pacific St Sedro Woolley WA

November 12 & 13: Saturday 9 am - 5 pm; Sunday 10 am - 5 pm Maplewood Rock and Gem Club, Annual Fall Show Maplewood Rock and Gem Clubhouse 8802 196th ST SW Edmonds WA

November 19 & 20: Saturday & Sunday 10am - 5pm Kitsap Mineral And Gem Society, Fall Festival of Gems The President’s Hall Kitsap Co. Fairgrounds 1200 NW Fairgrounds Rd Bremerton, WA

Question: A branch of the U.S. Geological Survey maps extraterrestrial bodies including planets, moons and asteroids, true or false? Answer: True The mission of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)’s Astrogeology Science Center (Flagstaff, Arizona) is to work with NASA and other space agencies by providing support for scientific investigations of extraterrestrial bodies; helping select rover scanning, mapping and landing sites; and creating geologic maps and cartographic products based on data from spacecraft missions throughout the solar system, including ones to the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, the asteroids and the moons of Jupiter and Saturn. The center staff have created their maps and other products by analyzing, interpreting and utilizing data from photos, radar scans and other telemetry obtained from exploratory probes including: Messenger that orbited Mercury, the Viking probes and subsequent rovers that landed on Mars, the Voyager craft that flew by the gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune), Dawn that orbited two asteroids (Ceres and Vesta), and the Clementine mission that imaged the entire surface of the Moon. The center’s website even includes Mercator projections that let users construct globes of the Moon, Venus, Mars and four Jupiter moons (Callisto, Europa, Ganymede and Io). For more information, go to: http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/ from http://www.science.gov/trivia, 10/4/16

The “Morphs” by Bob Rush A pseudomorph occurs when an original mineral such as aragonite or barite dissolves and is replaced by another mineral such as . If a mineral such as aragonite or barite that has grown in a cavity or fracture is coated by a new mineral such as or quartz as a film, preserving the shape of the original mineral it is called an encrustation epimorph (meaning “outer form”). The coated mineral (aragonite or barite) is called an endomorph (meaning “inner form”). If the endomorph later dissolves away leaving hollow cavities they are known as perimorphs. via The Quarry, 9/16; from MLMS Ghost Sheet, 9/16

Did you know Mt. Everest isn’t the tallest mountain in the world? The Earth is not a perfect sphere (poles are flatter and Equator bulges), so when you measure from the center, Mt. Chimborazo, in Ecuador, wins. via The Quarry, 3/16; from The Shin-Skinner News, 2/16