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Flood Control Infrastructure: Safety Questions Raised by Current Event

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Flood Control Infrastructure: Safety Questions Raised by Current Event S. HRG. 115–25 FLOOD CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE: SAFETY QUESTIONS RAISED BY CURRENT EVENT HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION MARCH 1, 2017 Printed for the use of the Committee on Environment and Public Works ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.fdsys.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 25–784 PDF WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Aug 31 2005 08:41 Jun 29, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 S:\_EPW\DOCS\25784.TXT VERNE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming, Chairman JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont ROGER WICKER, Mississippi SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island DEB FISCHER, Nebraska JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon JERRY MORAN, Kansas KIRSTEN GILLIBRAND, New York MIKE ROUNDS, South Dakota CORY A. BOOKER, New Jersey JONI ERNST, Iowa EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts DAN SULLIVAN, Alaska TAMMY DUCKWORTH, Illinois RICHARD SHELBY, Alabama KAMALA HARRIS, California RICHARD M. RUSSELL, Majority Staff Director GABRIELLE BATKIN, Minority Staff Director (II) VerDate Aug 31 2005 08:41 Jun 29, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\_EPW\DOCS\25784.TXT VERNE CONTENTS Page MARCH 1, 2017 OPENING STATEMENTS Barrasso, Hon. John, U.S. Senator from the State of Wyoming .......................... 1 Carper, Hon. Thomas R., U.S. Senator from the State of Delaware ................... 3 WITNESSES Todd, Lieutenant General, T. Semonite, Commanding General and Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ......................................................... 15 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 18 Responses to additional questions from: Senator Barrasso .............................................................................................. 22 Senator Carper ................................................................................................. 24 Senator Wicker ................................................................................................. 29 Senator Shelby .................................................................................................. 31 Attatchments to Lt. General Semonite’s responses to Questions for the Record are retained in the files of the Committee Corbett, Hon. Ron, Mayor, Cedar Rapids, Iowa .................................................... 33 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 35 Wolf, Terry, Hon., Chairman, Washakie County Commissioners, Wyoming ...... 38 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 41 Laird, Secretary John, Deputy Secretary For External Affairs, California Nat- ural Resources Agency ......................................................................................... 47 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 49 Response to an additional question from Senator Barrasso ......................... 55 Responses to additional questions from Senator Carper .............................. 56 Larry A. Larson, P.E., CFM, Director Emeritus/Senior Policy Advisor, Asso- ciation of State Floodplain Managers Inc., Wisconsin ...................................... 59 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 61 Response to an additional question from Senator Carper ............................ 78 Response to an additional question from Senator Wicker ............................ 78 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL Statements: Michael D. Klingner, Chairman of the Upper Mississippii, Illinois and Missouri Rivers Association (UMIMRA) ..................................................... 115 Association of State Dam Safety Officials ...................................................... 118 (III) VerDate Aug 31 2005 08:41 Jun 29, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\_EPW\DOCS\25784.TXT VERNE VerDate Aug 31 2005 08:41 Jun 29, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\_EPW\DOCS\25784.TXT VERNE FLOOD CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE: SAFETY QUESTIONS RAISED BY CURRENT EVENT WEDNESDAY, MARCH 1, 2017 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS, Washington, DC. The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:34 a.m. in room 406, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. John Barrasso (chair- man of the committee) presiding. Present: Senators Barrasso, Carper, Inhofe, Capito, Wicker, Fischer, Moran, Rounds, Ernst, Cardin, Whitehouse, Gillibrand, Booker, Markey, and Harris. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN BARRASSO, U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF WYOMING Senator BARRASSO. Good morning. I call this hearing to order. President Trump has made improving our Nation’s infrastructure a top priority, and this Committee is continuing its effort to high- light our Nation’s infrastructure needs. As I have stated, infrastructure is critical to our Nation’s pros- perity. In personal meetings, I have met with members of this Committee, both sides of the aisle, and I will tell you that infra- structure is always listed as a top priority. It is a priority because it is a driver of our Nation’s economy and it impacts every commu- nity. This Committee has a long history of working together in a bi- partisan way on infrastructure issues. I want to continue that tra- dition. The Senate Environment and Public Works Committee has sweeping jurisdiction over our Nation’s infrastructure. Our last hearing focused on highways and roads, and the needs of rural water systems, all of which are within this Committee’s purview. Recent natural weather events in the last month in California and in other western States are highlighting the need to focus our at- tention on our levees and our dams and other structures that pre- vent catastrophic flooding in both rural and urban communities. Earlier this month, more than 180,000 people were evacuated in California because storms caused serious damage to the Oroville Dam, the tallest dam in the United States. The potential threat of dam failure is a serious concern, a concern to State officials and to people living downstream of Oroville. Any future severe weather event could make the situation even more critical, and it is raising questions about the readiness of our flood prevention infrastruc- ture. (1) VerDate Aug 31 2005 08:41 Jun 29, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 S:\_EPW\DOCS\25784.TXT VERNE 2 Dams and levees across the Country need to be modernized and maintained if we are to prevent future disasters. So I believe any infrastructure bill that this Committee develops should consider the need to maintain and modernize these structures. Winter weather events aren’t just affecting California, but are oc- curring across the West, hitting towns big and small. These events include ice jam flooding in Northern Wyoming along the Big Horn River, in the towns of Worland, Manderson, Greybull, as well as towns located to the south like Riverton, Lander, Hudson, and areas of the Wind River Reservation. This past month the ice jam floods have damaged over 100 homes in Worland, a city of roughly 5,000 people, so these floods have serious and lasting impacts. In the past, blocks of ice the size of cars sit for weeks on play- grounds and front lawns. The river ice damages everything from public structures like water treatment plants and public parks to private homes and small businesses. These ice jams are regular oc- currences harming small towns not just in Wyoming, but in other parts and States from the Dakotas to UpState New York. For these small towns, the cost of cleanup and repair is an enor- mous burden from which it takes months to fully recover. In cer- tain instances, flooding could be mitigated by the Army Corps pro- viding more flexibility in allowing towns to take the steps they need to protect their communities. Our Committee has jurisdiction over the environmental laws that impact the modernization of infrastructure. Oftentimes, in rural States, Federal one-size-fits-all rules can have absurd results on the ground. If we are moving a tree or a pile of dirt which might only take days to accomplish can make a difference in preventing a catastrophic flood, a town shouldn’t have to go through a lengthy bureaucratic process to remove those features while the town floods yearly. Bureaucratic red tape should be cut where people’s lives and property are on the line, which is always the case when we are talking about flooding. Dams and levees are the most common infrastructure to address flooding. However, new technology can also help mitigate the threat of flooding, including ice jams. I include language in Title I of the Water Resources Development Act this Committee enacted last Congress creating an Army Corps Pilot Program to develop in- novative and cost-saving technology to address the threat of ice jams. The program needs to be implemented. I would also like to note that in the past two WRDA bills this Committee provided additional authority to both
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