Munich Social Science Review, New Series, vol. 3 (2020) Stalemate by Design? How Binary Voting Caused the Brexit Impasse of 2019 G. M. Peter Swann Nottingham University Business School, Nottingham NG8 1BB, United Kingdom,
[email protected] Abstract: Between January and April, 2019, the UK parliament voted on the Prime Minister’s proposed Brexit deal, and also held a series of indicative votes on eight other Brexit options. There was no majority support in any of the votes for the Prime Minister’s deal, nor indeed for any of the other options. This outcome led to a prolonged period of political stalemate, which many people considered to be the fault of the Prime Minister, and her resignation became inevitable. Controversially, perhaps, I shall argue that the fault did not lie with the Prime Minster, but with Parliament’s stubborn insistence on using its default binary approach to voting. The outcome could have been quite different if Parliament had been willing to embrace the most modest of innovations: a voting system such as the single transferable vote, or multi-round exhaustive votes, which would be guaranteed to produce a ‘winner’. Keywords: Brexit, Parliament, Binary Votes, Indicative Votes, Single Transferable Vote, Exhaustive Votes 1. Introduction This paper considers the impasse in the Brexit process that developed from the start of 2019. I argue that an important factor in the emergence of this impasse was the use of binary voting – the default method of voting in the Westminster Parliament. I shall argue that alternative voting processes would have had a much greater chance of success.