Questions for discussion

Reconciliation 1] Retell the story in your own words. 2] Why did Powderfinger visit Christies Beach High School? 3] What was the aim of the Powderfinger and Silverchair `Across the great EPISODE 18 divide’ tour? 4] What do you think reconciliation is? 22ND JULY 2008 5] What is the Reconciliation Action Plan Christies Beach High School is working on? 6] Describe the Indigenous garden the school developed. 7] How do you think this helps with the reconciliation process? 8] How does the support of bands like Powderfinger help spread the reconciliation message? 9] Did the BtN story change your thinking about reconciliation? Explain your answer. 10] How did this story make you feel?

Learn an Indigenous game. The following website has a range of Indigenous games to choose from http://www.ausport.gov.au/participating/all/indigenous/games Teach it to another student in your school.

Emissions paper 1] What is the Garnaut report and what did it find? 2] What is the carbon pollution reduction scheme? 3] How does carbon trading work? 4] What have opponents of the scheme said? 5] How will consumers be affected? 6] What support is the Government going to offer certain groups? 7] What do supporters of the scheme say? 8] Do you think that the scheme is fair? Explain your answer. 9] What other ways could the Government encourage people to reduce carbon emissions? 10] What do you think should happen next?

`Should people pay more to help reduce carbon emissions?’ Vote in the online poll.

Dung beetles 1] What was the main point of the story? 2] What gas does cow dung release? 3] What impact can this gas have on the environment? 4] How long have dung beetles been in Australia? 5] What do the beetles do to cow dung? 6] What benefit does this have? 7] Why do you think farmers are impressed with the dung beetle? 8] Why are there fewer flies when dung beetles are around? 9] Which country do dung beetles come from? 10] Why are there so many species of dung beetle? 1

Test your knowledge in the online quiz.

Cats close-up 1] How often do the players train? 2] Describe the team of people that support an AFL team. 3] What sort of injuries does the team doctor usually have to treat? 4] Why do the players swim in the ocean the day after a game? 5] Why is diet important to the players? 6] What sort of food do the players eat? 7] What advice did Jimmy offer young people? 8] Explain the importance of attitude in AFL football. 9] What do you now know about AFL football players that you didn’t know before watching the BtN story? 10] Has your thinking about AFL football changed? Explain your answer.

Use the online Biocube at http://readwritethink.org/materials/bio_cube/ to create a biography of your favourite AFL football player.

Youth day 1] Retell the story in your own words. 2] Describe the World Youth Day celebrations. 3] What is World Youth Day trying to achieve? 4] What is a pilgrim? 5] Who is the leader of the Catholic Church? 6] When was the last time a Pope was in Australia? 7] Describe the `Stations of the Cross’ ceremony. 8] What are three facts that you learnt about World Youth Day from the BtN story? 9] What do you think the event will do for the Catholic Church? 10] Describe the importance of religious events such as World Youth Day for some people.

Send a message or tell us what you think on the BtN Guestbook.

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Carbon emissions

The Australian Government has released its plan to help climate change. The carbon pollution reduction scheme makes people pay for their pollution.

EPISODE 18 Focus Questions 22ND JULY 2008 1] What is the Garnaut report and what did it find?

2] What is the carbon pollution reduction scheme? Learning Area 3] How does carbon trading work? 4] What have opponents of the scheme said? Society and Environment 5] How will consumers be affected? 6] What support is the Government going to offer certain groups? 7] What do supporters of the scheme say? 8] Do you think that the scheme is fair? Explain your answer. Key learning 9] What other ways could the Government encourage people to reduce carbon emissions? Students will develop a 10] What do you think should happen next? deeper understanding of the issues associated with carbon emissions. Choose a task

Students will research information about carbon emissions based on the activities they choose. Negotiate with students how many activities they will need to complete.

Remember and understand

. Create a 10 question and answer quiz about carbon emission facts. . Brainstorm all of the climate change words you know and write a definition for each word.

Apply and analyse

. Should people pay more to help reduce carbon emissions? Outline the different perspectives on the issue. . What impact do you make on the environment? Use the energy challenge checklist to analyse your energy usage at home. Set yourself a weekly goal to reduce your energy costs. . Develop an environmental action plan for your school with a focus on reducing carbon emissions.

Evaluate and create 3

. Predict what will be the attitude of governments to environmental issues in 50 years from now. How different will they be from today? . Create a response to the following question: How much are you prepared to change the way you live to show that you care about the environment? Display your response in an interesting way. . Develop an effective advertising campaign promoting people paying more to reduce carbon emissions.

 Related Research Links

ABC 730 Report – Government releases green paper on climate change http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2008/s2305816.htm

ABC News – Schools urged to reduce environmental footprint http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/06/05/2266087.htm

Department of Climate Change website – information about carbon emissions http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/

Nova Science website – Carbon emissions trading http://www.science.org.au/nova/054/054key.htm

Take the energy challenge checklist http://www.sedo.energy.wa.gov.au/pdf/energy_challenge_check_list.pdf

Teacher’s tool kit website – explanation of carbon trading http://www.teacherstoolkit.net.au/newsletters/issue_7/newsletter_07.html#tt10

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Reconciliation

Australian rock band Powderfinger recently visited a South Australian school to support their efforts in developing a reconciliation action plan.

Focus Questions EPISODE 18 22ND JULY 2008 1] Retell the story in your own words. 2] Why did Powderfinger visit Christies Beach High School? Learning Area 3] What was the aim of the Powderfinger and Silverchair `Across the great divide’ tour? Society and Environment 4] What do you think reconciliation is?

5] What is the Reconciliation Action Plan Christies Beach High School is working on? 6] Describe the Indigenous garden the school developed. 7] How do you think this helps with the reconciliation process? Key learning 8] How does the support of bands like Powderfinger help spread the reconciliation message? Students will develop a 9] Did the BtN story change your thinking about reconciliation? Explain your deeper understanding of answer. the reconciliation process. 10] How did this story make you feel?

Take action! After watching the BtN story about the Powderfinger visit to Christies Beach High School, ask students to think about and record what reconciliation means to them. In pairs, ask students to share their meanings. In small groups, ask students to brainstorm responses to the following:  Why is reconciliation important?

 What values are important to reconciliation and why are they important?

 How does your class and/or school support reconciliation?

 How is reconciliation occurring between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in the community? Values can include:  What else could be done to support the reconciliation process?  Understanding  Tolerance As a class, develop a reconciliation action plan to support the reconciliation process at  Respect a school level. Ask students to think of ways this could be achieved. Here are a few  Fairness starting points:  Indigenous guest speakers, for example artists, musicians, sports people could talk to classes/whole school about what reconciliation means to them.  Create a reconciliation wall that uses images to represent reconciliation. This could be done in conjunction with an Indigenous artist in residence.  Create a bush food trail in your school.  Create values flags in Indigenous colours with the core values important to reconciliation written on the flags. Display these in the school grounds.

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The reconciliation action plan at the following website is a useful guide http://www.reconciliation.org.au/i-cms.isp?page=476 Use the school newsletter, website, assembly to report back to school community about your class’s reconciliation action plan. Encourage other classes in your school or other schools to develop their own action plans.

Further investigations

Create a timeline of significant events that have impacted on the reconciliation process in Australia.

Find images from magazines or newspapers that represent the meaning of reconciliation.

Make a card game about reconciliation. Add it to the school library’s collection of games.

Learn an Indigenous game. The following website has a range of Indigenous games to choose from http://www.ausport.gov.au/participating/all/indigenous/games Teach it to another student in your school.

 Related Research Links

ABC News – Powderfinger supports school reconciliation project http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/02/27/2174611.htm

Reconciliation Australia website http://www.reconciliation.org.au/i-cms.isp

Reconciliation Australia – reconciliation action plan for schools http://www.reconciliation.org.au/i-cms.isp?page=476

Australian Government Culture and Recreation portal – Reconciliation http://www.culture.gov.au/articles/indigenous/reconciliation/

Reconciliation website – What is reconciliation? http://reconciliaction.org.au/nsw/education-kit/what-is-reconciliation/

Racism no way website – reconciliation fact sheet http://www.natsiew.nexus.edu.au/lens/reconactivities/index.html

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TRANSCRIPT 22/07/08 Episode 18

On this week's Behind the News,

Rocking for reconciliation

Dining on dung to save the environment

And getting the inside run with some cool cats

Hi I'm Nathan Bazley, welcome to Behind the News. Also on the show today, how the government plans to change the way Australians live to save the planet. But first, let's look at our top story.

YOUTH DAY CELEBRATIONS Nathan Bazley, Reporter

INTRO: Last week, tens of thousands of pilgrims came from all parts of the world for World Youth Day. Held by the Catholic Church, it's a celebration designed especially for young people. It's also so big that parts of Sydney were shut down just to make room! So what went on during this massive event? Here are the details.

Four hundred thousand people all listening to one man. It was easily the largest religious event Australia had ever seen and for these pilgrims, it was more exciting than any rock concert could ever be. This was the Papal mass, the last event to cap off World Youth Day celebrations. But while it may have been called World Youth Day, the event actually kept young people partying for nearly a week!

It all kicked off at the airport as pilgrims from over 170 countries flooded into Australia, with a whole lot of singing and dancing! Oh and in case you were wondering, a pilgrim is the name given to a person who travels somewhere for a religious event. But with so many people flooding into Sydney, finding them all places to stay was going to be tough. Many stayed in catholic schools!

But pilgrims weren't the only ones settling in. One other very important man had just touched down. Yep, this is the top man in the whole of the Catholic Church - Pope Benedict the 16th. It's been 13 years since a Pope came to Australia, so for the 81 year-old Pope to make the big trip down under is a huge deal. But while he may be the most powerful man in the Catholic Church, that doesn't mean he's immune from jet-lag. So for the first three days of the World Youth Day festivities, he chilled out at this retreat; praying and listening to some classical music. He still looks pretty tired!

While the pope got some shut-eye, over 150,000 Pilgrims gathered on a dock in Sydney for the official opening mass. Our Prime Minister kicked things off by welcoming the overseas visitors. Australian singers then kept the party going into the night.

Next up was 'Super Thursday'; the Pope was welcomed with a 21 gun salute and a military guard of honour. His holiness then cruised up Sydney Harbour before heading landward for his first address to over 150,000. After blessing them he climbed aboard his famous 'pope-mobile' for a tour through the city.

A new day and a new event - this one was called 'Stations of the Cross.' It's a ceremony dating back to the early days of the church, when pilgrims used to visit the path that Christ followed to his crucifixion. It also drew big crowds, but there were some who weren't happy to celebrate.

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Protesters held demonstrations to criticise the Catholic Church for some of the things it has done and some of its ideas. But as all the pilgrims finally made their way home after the week long party, most agreed it was a once in a lifetime event!

It certainly was a busy week.. Now if you want to find out more about the Pope and World Youth Day there's another story on our website. Here's Catherine with a look at some of the other stories that have been making headlines.

****************

THE WIRE

Anticipation and excitement are building with only seventeen days to go til the Beijing Olympics!

We've told you before that air pollution is a big worry for the games.

Well, three new subway lines have been opened and it's hoped that will mean much fewer cars on the road.

Also for those who do want to keep driving cars, they'll only be allowed to every second day!

It's really not convenient but we do understand and support the restrictions. It's not a problem: we should all make a contribution to the Olympics.

It's hoped the changes will mean bluer skies by the time the games begin!

***********

Meantime back in Australia, the official farewell dinner has been held for our Olympic athletes.

They promised to bring home a swag of gold medals.

And PM Kevin Rudd praised them, saying they were known for their sense of fair play and sportsmanship.

***********

Leading environmentalists were recognised at a special awards night in over the weekend.

The top gong went to the guys who organised Earth Hour - where we were encouraged to think about climate change and turn out the lights!

The young environmentalist of the year was Larissa Brown.

She started the Centre for Sustainability Leadership.

Larissa Brown I've always known that what I wanted to do with my life is make a more sustainable world and I tried to find a way I could do that .

Four years on, the centre now has more than 100 volunteers.

******************** QUIZ 1

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Thanks Catherine, time for a quiz.

What is the most common greenhouse gas? a. Methane b. Carbon Dioxide c. Nitrous Oxide

The answer is Carbon Dioxide

**********

EMISSIONS REPORTS Sarah Larsen, Reporter

OK now greenhouse gases control how hot the earth is and you probably know by now that the world is getting warmer. There's still a lot of debate about how much humans are contributing to that climate change - but the Aussie government says it's too big to ignore and it's come up with a plan. Here’s Sarah. PROFESSOR ROB GARNAUT: Climate Change is a diabolical policy problem.

KEVIN RUDD, PRIME MINISTER: Climate change represents one of the greatest moral environmental and economic challenges of our age.

PENNY WONG, CLIMATE CHANGE MINISTER : Tackling climate change will be hard and there will be costs.

SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: Australia has just been given a warning that the world is in trouble.

This guy's called Ross Garnaut. He's a money expert and a while ago the government asked him to look at climate change and how much it is going to cost Australians. His news wasn't good. The Garnaut report warned that the world could be heating up even faster than expected. That could mean some big changes by the end of this century. Some people predict the Great Barrier Reef could disappear as well as the snow fields. Farmers may have to leave the Murray Darling Basin and getting water to cities will be more expensive. Professor Garnaut said this was partly to blame. Australia gets most of its electricity from coal and he says the carbon dioxide these power stations pump into the air is contributing to global warming.

GIRL: So can we do about it?

Well the government has a plan and last week it released it. They're calling it a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme. The idea is to make people pay for their pollution by introducing something called carbon trading.

REPORTER: You can look at it like this; the carbon gases polluting our atmosphere are a bit like rubbish.

Some companies produce a lot, others only make a little. But imagine if the council took away one of the bins.

GIRL 1: I can't fit all my rubbish in!

GIRL 2: I've got heaps of room.

So you can either make less rubbish or buy some bin space from your neighbour. That's a bit like carbon trading. The government wants to set a limit on how much carbon can be produced, kind of like taking away a bin. If companies make too much they have to pay for things called carbon credits. If they reduce their pollution they can sell credits to other companies. But not everyone is impressed. The scheme will make

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it more expensive to do business so some workers are worried they could lose their jobs.

PAUL HOWE, AUSTRALIAN WORKERS UNION: These men and women standing behind me could be the next victims of climate change.

But everyone else will also be affected. The price of all sorts of things could go up because companies will be forced to pass on the costs. That will be things like petrol, transport and groceries.

It sounds complicated and it is. People are saying this will be the biggest change to Australia's economy in decades. To try to help the government says it will support the worst affected industries and there'll be tax cuts to try to keep down prices.

It's also going to get feedback from everyone before it finally decides the details of the plan and there are already critics having a go.

Some say it doesn't go far enough - others reckon it won't do any good unless big countries like China and India also start carbon trading. Some say humans don't cause warming and it's a waste of time. But supporters say it's important for Australia to do what we can and set an example for the rest of the world.

***********

ON-LINE POLL

Ok we'll make that our online poll.

The question is "Should people pay more to help reduce carbon emissions?

If you want to vote go to our website at abc.net.au/btn

**********

POWDERFINGER Nathan Bazley, Reporter

INTRO: While we were on holidays NAIDOC Week was held. That's when the culture of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is celebrated. One of the big issues of the week is reconciliation - and that's also a really important issue for a top Aussie rock band! We found out how they've been visiting schools to spread the message.

School assemblies - sometimes they aren't the most exciting things. But it's always better when special guests drop by. Powderfinger have been rocking for over 15 years. They've produced loads of hits and bagged 15 ARIA awards along the way. But their last tour was a little different.

The 'Across the Great Divide' tour featured both Powderfinger and Silverchair and it blasted around Australia last year. The aim of the tour was to support reconciliation between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians and to highlight the massive difference in life expectancy between the two groups. But now Powderfinger have brought those ideas off the stage and into school!

They've come to Christies Beach High in where kids are working on their own reconciliation plan. Over 12 per cent of students here are indigenous.

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NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: This is the Christies Beach 'Reconciliation Action Plan' and they're just one of around 300 schools who are working on them at the moment. They're all about turning thoughts into action.

One of the big parts of the plan was the development of an Indigenous Garden.

STUDENT: We've had a lot of work go into this garden. All of these plants have some significance to Aboriginal culture - whether its medicinal, bush tucker or cultural significance like in smoking ceremonies.

And the band got their own personal tour guides for a closer look- and taste!

BERNARD FANNING: Having that connection between what is essentially from traditional aboriginal culture and it's a part of the school. Which to me is an awesome thing and a real signpost for what reconciliation should be like.

Back on assembly, the band was presented with student's paintings.

JON COGHILL: There is not a lot of schools like this in Australia I think, that have this connection with the Indigenous community and it's quite inspirational for us and I hope for other schools you've really set a good example for the rest of Australia.

The boys also left their hand prints as a reminder of their visit.

NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: And what about the support Powderfinger gave today, what does that mean to you?

KIYOMI: That was excellent, that was great. And I hope people take that back with them and think about it all cos that was really good.

JON COGHILL: I think a lot of schools could look at this school as an example and it gives the kids a lot of confidence too. I mean the kids that took us around today you know they were just great kids.

JON COGHILL: (on assembly) So you should be really proud of yourselves and it's been a privilege being here so thanks a lot!

**********

QUIZ 2

OK - time for another quiz

What's the largest group of insects in the world? a. flies b. ants c. beetles

The answer is beetles

**********

DUNG BEETLES Sarah Larsen, Reporter

INTRO: There are over 300,000 species of beetles identified in the world and scientists think there are lots more to be discovered. One type that has been known

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about for a long time is the dung beetle. Eewwww.... not a cute name is it. So why are they called dung beetles? Well Sarah found out it's because... they love dung!

SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: If there's one thing you can count on finding in the country it's this; the humble bush pancake.

REPORTER: They can be hard to avoid. Every hour more than 12 million cow pats are dropped on Australian paddocks. That's a lot of dung.

In the old days they'd just lie there for months, even years letting off nasty methane gas or washing into waterways and polluting them. That was until these guys came along. When we see gross gooey cow poo these guys just see dinner. They wolf down the stuff, reducing a big cow pat to this in just a couple of days. These dung beetles have only been in Australia for about 40 years but in that time they've done themselves proud.

FARMERS: I think they're the greatest little critters, you know, that ever drew wing if you like.

So why are farmers so impressed?

The beetles drag dung into the ground to lay their eggs. That spreads nutrients from the poo through the soil which helps plants grow. Have a look at this. These beetles roll away the dry crusty stuff so the pat disappears!

There's another benefit too. There's now a lot fewer of these. Flies lay their eggs in cow pats. One little pile can produce as many as three thousand buzzers! But by chewing the poo the beetles have taken away their breeding grounds. So they're working hard to make our country better even though they're not from around here. You see there are Aussie dung beetles but they only feed on droppings from native animals. So a while ago scientists went looking for dung cleaners and they ended up in South Africa.

DR BERNARD DOUBE: In Africa, there are 2,300 species of dung beetle. So because of the diversity of mammals there, it's just a fantastic place for dung beetles.

Dr Bernard Doube was one of the Aussie scientists who helped import the African beetles in the ‘80s. That's when he fell in love with the critters. Now he runs a business selling dung beetle kits to farmers. Not the most glamorous profession, but he reckons it's a pretty important one.

DR BERNARD DOUBE, DUNG BEETLE EXPERT: Once you start talking about the effects of dung beetles and what they have to contribute, then people, the hilarity disappears and I think they soon appreciate that these tiny little things have a great deal to contribute to Australia and the rest of the world.

So they might be funny looking and their eating habits are, well, just gross. But the humble dung beetle may just be helping to save the world; one bush pancake at a time.

I hope Sarah cleaned those boots before she came back to the office...

Here's Catherine with some sports news...

**********

THE SCORE

There's only six more stages to go in this years Tour De France.

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The famous cycling event is one of the world's toughest most prestigious bike races in the world.

It goes for three weeks, but is broken into 21 shorter races called stages..

Times are recorded at the end of each stage and the race leader gets to wear the yellow jersey, the rider with the smallest time overall at the end is the winner!

Aussie Cadel Evans has been doing really well, winning the yellow jersey several times but at the moment he's sitting at third overall.

********** To rugby union and the Aussies remain undefeated this year after beating world champions, South Africa, by seven points in the opening tri-nations match on the weekend.

In front of a crowd of over 41,000 fans in Perth, the Wallabies scored the only two tries of the match.

Berrick Barnes sealed the win in the final minute, nailing a drop goal from 35 metres.

**********

And the annual swamp soccer championships have been held in Finland.

Every year an area of swamp in the cold north of the country is cordoned off into soccer pitches and competitors come from all over the world.

This year there were about 5 thousand players and more than 300 teams.

Of course it's not quite as quick as the proper game and you probably don't want to be wearing your best footy boots.

Every year around a thousand are found in the mud after the tournament.

Wouldn't want to wash the jerseys after that game...

******

CAT CLOSE-UP Catherine Ellis, Reporter

INTRO: Have you ever wondered what it takes to be a top footy star? I mean .. lots of us play sport and we all know you have to train and keep fit .. but what 'extra' do you have to do to be the very best? Well Catherine got a chance to find out when she was allowed to go behind the scenes with one of the nation's top AFL teams.

CATHERINE ELLIS, REPORTING: The Geelong Cats - Premiership team and top of ladder again! And star Cat took out the biggest award in the AFL.

So how do they do it? I headed out to training to find out.

Today it's a light session but these guys devote six days a week to footy!

JIMMY BARTEL, BROWNLOW MEDALLIST: You have to be dedicated. You have to be a pretty competitive sort of person I think um naturally... bit of a fierce desire to want to do well.

But they don't do it alone, there's a whole team of coaches, fitness staff, doctors, physios, trainers - about thirty of them travel with the players for interstate games.

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CATHERINE: So Dean what's your role out here at training with the Cats?

DEAN, SKILLS AND AGILITY MANAGER: My role is basically to get the guys fit and strong.

Dean is the Skills and Agility Manager and he gets them doing everything from fitness drills to aerobics and boxing!

Chris, the team doctor, deals with more than just sore tummies!

CHRIS, TEAM DOCTER: Mainly things like soft tissue injuries and hamstrings and those sort of things, knee injuries, illnesses, appendicitis's, lots of things crop up during the season.

Duncan is head physio.

CATHERINE: The day after a match usually the guys go out and they walk through the ocean and it's freezing cold, what does that do for them?

DUNCAN, HEAD PHYSIO: Well the cold water's meant to help their recovery. The pressure of the water helps move the by-products of the exercise or the nasty things out of the muscles.

CATHERINE: And you know how they put oil on their skin, what's that for?

DUNCAN, HEAD PHYSIO: That's to look good I think. I think they think they look muscly when they do that! ha ha.

The team also has massage therapists.

MARK, HEAD MASSEUSE: We have two massage sessions per week, and there's about 16 masseurs that work at the club.

Kingie is a trainer - they're in charge of strapping players, running water and they're first on scene if someone goes down during a game.

So how much tape do they use?

KINGIE, HEAD TRAINER: Probably from Melbourne to for the year I reckon... if you joined it all together.. ha ha.

Now for these guys diet is really important.

TOM HARLEY, GEELONG CAPTAIN: The food is like our fuel, it's like petrol, so we've got to make sure we're really well nourished and hydrated all the time.

The club even has its own chef! When they travel the players have specially made meals which are high in energy, nutrients and low in fat.

But I wanted to ask Chef Dennis if they eat pasta for brekkie!

DENNIS, CHEF: Definitely!

CATHERINE: Pasta for brekkie?!

DENNIS: Yep.. just pasta!

And look where it's cooked!

CATHERINE: That is the biggest saucepan I have ever seen to cook pasta in!

The players drink 2 litres of water a day - sports drinks are strictly for training. 14

Of course the guys do get time to relax.

TOM: We've got an awesome players lounge set up with couches and Internet and flat screen TVs and X-box and stuff.

And if you're a smaller kid in class, listen to this...

TOM: I was a bit of a late developer... you know... a pretty scrawny sort of kid and had braces and glasses and all that kind of stuff ha ha. I guess the message is to anyone whether it's kids or aspiring footballers is just to really stick to your passions and if you really want it and work hard enough I’m sure you'll be able to get it.

CLOSER

I'm not sure if I can get out of bed early and hoe into a plate of spaghetti. Give me corn flakes and a sleep in anyday! Now if you want to see more of those players there are extra interviews on our webite plus there's also more of Powderfinger as well That's if for the show, remember BTN Daily is on every night at 5 to 6. See ya later.

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