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24 Bit 96 Khz Digital Audio Workstation Using High Performance Be Operating System on a Multiprocessor Intel Machine
24 bit 96 kHz Digital Audio Workstation using high performance Be Operating System on a multiprocessor Intel machine by: Michal Jurewicz - Mytek, Inc., New York, NY, USA Timothy Self - Be, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA ABSTRACT Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) has quickly established itself as the most important digital audio production tool. With the advent of high-resolution multi-channel audio formats and Internet audio exchange, the high performance and flawless operations of the desktop DAW have become a necessity. The authors explaining why current popular computer architectures are not suited to these new tasks, explore the possibilities of the new Be Operating System (BeOS)- specifically designed and optimized to handle digital audio and video. New features, unattainable with current operating systems, are discussed. 1. Introduction Ever increasing performance of computers has caused a gradual migration of the key audio production tools from hardware embodiments to the virtual world of computers. This trend will continue, propelled by bottom line economics and the appearance of new features such as network audio exchange. Although current computer hardware is up to the task, existing general purpose operating systems are the actual performance bottleneck . Designed over 10 years ago for general purpose computing, they fail to meet increasing demands for speed and file size. The new BeOS has been designed from ground up to handle high bandwidth digital audio and video in a modern multiprocessing and multitasking environment. The paper focuses solely on the use of commodity personal computers (IBM Compatibles and Apple) and their operating systems (Windows, MacOS, BeOS and Linux). Although number of specialized platforms such as SGI provides superior performance, they were omitted, as their presence in the current professional audio environment is minimal. -
Copy on Write Based File Systems Performance Analysis and Implementation
Copy On Write Based File Systems Performance Analysis And Implementation Sakis Kasampalis Kongens Lyngby 2010 IMM-MSC-2010-63 Technical University of Denmark Department Of Informatics Building 321, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark Phone +45 45253351, Fax +45 45882673 [email protected] www.imm.dtu.dk Abstract In this work I am focusing on Copy On Write based file systems. Copy On Write is used on modern file systems for providing (1) metadata and data consistency using transactional semantics, (2) cheap and instant backups using snapshots and clones. This thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part focuses on the design and performance of Copy On Write based file systems. Recent efforts aiming at creating a Copy On Write based file system are ZFS, Btrfs, ext3cow, Hammer, and LLFS. My work focuses only on ZFS and Btrfs, since they support the most advanced features. The main goals of ZFS and Btrfs are to offer a scalable, fault tolerant, and easy to administrate file system. I evaluate the performance and scalability of ZFS and Btrfs. The evaluation includes studying their design and testing their performance and scalability against a set of recommended file system benchmarks. Most computers are already based on multi-core and multiple processor architec- tures. Because of that, the need for using concurrent programming models has increased. Transactions can be very helpful for supporting concurrent program- ming models, which ensure that system updates are consistent. Unfortunately, the majority of operating systems and file systems either do not support trans- actions at all, or they simply do not expose them to the users. -
Ebook - Informations About Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download
eBook - Informations about Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download: www.operating-system.org AIX Internet: AIX AmigaOS Internet: AmigaOS AtheOS Internet: AtheOS BeIA Internet: BeIA BeOS Internet: BeOS BSDi Internet: BSDi CP/M Internet: CP/M Darwin Internet: Darwin EPOC Internet: EPOC FreeBSD Internet: FreeBSD HP-UX Internet: HP-UX Hurd Internet: Hurd Inferno Internet: Inferno IRIX Internet: IRIX JavaOS Internet: JavaOS LFS Internet: LFS Linspire Internet: Linspire Linux Internet: Linux MacOS Internet: MacOS Minix Internet: Minix MorphOS Internet: MorphOS MS-DOS Internet: MS-DOS MVS Internet: MVS NetBSD Internet: NetBSD NetWare Internet: NetWare Newdeal Internet: Newdeal NEXTSTEP Internet: NEXTSTEP OpenBSD Internet: OpenBSD OS/2 Internet: OS/2 Further operating systems Internet: Further operating systems PalmOS Internet: PalmOS Plan9 Internet: Plan9 QNX Internet: QNX RiscOS Internet: RiscOS Solaris Internet: Solaris SuSE Linux Internet: SuSE Linux Unicos Internet: Unicos Unix Internet: Unix Unixware Internet: Unixware Windows 2000 Internet: Windows 2000 Windows 3.11 Internet: Windows 3.11 Windows 95 Internet: Windows 95 Windows 98 Internet: Windows 98 Windows CE Internet: Windows CE Windows Family Internet: Windows Family Windows ME Internet: Windows ME Seite 1 von 138 eBook - Informations about Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download: www.operating-system.org Windows NT 3.1 Internet: Windows NT 3.1 Windows NT 4.0 Internet: Windows NT 4.0 Windows Server 2003 Internet: Windows Server 2003 Windows Vista Internet: Windows Vista Windows XP Internet: Windows XP Apple - Company Internet: Apple - Company AT&T - Company Internet: AT&T - Company Be Inc. - Company Internet: Be Inc. - Company BSD Family Internet: BSD Family Cray Inc. -
Beos and RADAR 24 - Topic
BeOS and RADAR 24 - Topic http://recordingtheworld.infopop.cc/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/831603982/m... Home Products Purchase Support Forum News About Contact iZ Technology Corporation www.izcorp.com www.izcorp.com iZ Product Forums RADAR 24, V, 6 - iZ Multitrack Recorder BeOS and RADAR 24 Moderators: President Go New Find Notify Tools Reply BeOS and RADAR 24 Login/Join <President> posted May 30, 2002 06:09 I saw a query on rec.audio.pro regarding RADAR 24 and BeOS. I answered him directly via email but I thought everyone would be interested in my answer here: Hi Tony, Regarding your post on BeOS: tony espinoza ([email protected]) "...i'm considering a Radar 24 system for my studio... only one question is nagging at me. living in the bay area, i know folks that have worked long and hard on the BeOS. but since Palm recently acquired the company, everyone I know associated with BeOS has either been let go or has split. i can see palm keeping a couple DTS guys around doing support on the OS, but knowing their financial situation (and management situation), i can't see them committing resources to it for very long without significant returns. i certainly can't see key features that iZ might be interested in continue to be the focus of the OS..." None of our development so far depends on any support from Be Inc or Palm. Those companies probably don't even know we exist. If we got updates on the OS we'd be nervous about sending it out since we now have over 2 years of stable track record with it. -
Chapter 1. Origins of Mac OS X
1 Chapter 1. Origins of Mac OS X "Most ideas come from previous ideas." Alan Curtis Kay The Mac OS X operating system represents a rather successful coming together of paradigms, ideologies, and technologies that have often resisted each other in the past. A good example is the cordial relationship that exists between the command-line and graphical interfaces in Mac OS X. The system is a result of the trials and tribulations of Apple and NeXT, as well as their user and developer communities. Mac OS X exemplifies how a capable system can result from the direct or indirect efforts of corporations, academic and research communities, the Open Source and Free Software movements, and, of course, individuals. Apple has been around since 1976, and many accounts of its history have been told. If the story of Apple as a company is fascinating, so is the technical history of Apple's operating systems. In this chapter,[1] we will trace the history of Mac OS X, discussing several technologies whose confluence eventually led to the modern-day Apple operating system. [1] This book's accompanying web site (www.osxbook.com) provides a more detailed technical history of all of Apple's operating systems. 1 2 2 1 1.1. Apple's Quest for the[2] Operating System [2] Whereas the word "the" is used here to designate prominence and desirability, it is an interesting coincidence that "THE" was the name of a multiprogramming system described by Edsger W. Dijkstra in a 1968 paper. It was March 1988. The Macintosh had been around for four years. -
The Linux Device File-System
The Linux Device File-System Richard Gooch EMC Corporation [email protected] Abstract 1 Introduction All Unix systems provide access to hardware via de- vice drivers. These drivers need to provide entry points for user-space applications and system tools to access the hardware. Following the \everything is a file” philosophy of Unix, these entry points are ex- posed in the file name-space, and are called \device The Device File-System (devfs) provides a power- special files” or \device nodes". ful new device management mechanism for Linux. Unlike other existing and proposed device manage- This paper discusses how these device nodes are cre- ment schemes, it is powerful, flexible, scalable and ated and managed in conventional Unix systems and efficient. the limitations this scheme imposes. An alternative mechanism is then presented. It is an alternative to conventional disc-based char- acter and block special devices. Kernel device drivers can register devices by name rather than de- vice numbers, and these device entries will appear in the file-system automatically. 1.1 Device numbers Devfs provides an immediate benefit to system ad- ministrators, as it implements a device naming scheme which is more convenient for large systems Conventional Unix systems have the concept of a (providing a topology-based name-space) and small \device number". Each instance of a driver and systems (via a device-class based name-space) alike. hardware component is assigned a unique device number. Within the kernel, this device number is Device driver authors can benefit from devfs by used to refer to the hardware and driver instance. -
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO..........................................................................................................................................1 Martin Hinner < [email protected]>, http://martin.hinner.info............................................................1 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Volumes...............................................................................................................................................1 3. DOS FAT 12/16/32, VFAT.................................................................................................................2 4. High Performance FileSystem (HPFS)................................................................................................2 5. New Technology FileSystem (NTFS).................................................................................................2 6. Extended filesystems (Ext, Ext2, Ext3)...............................................................................................2 7. Macintosh Hierarchical Filesystem − HFS..........................................................................................3 8. ISO 9660 − CD−ROM filesystem.......................................................................................................3 9. Other filesystems.................................................................................................................................3 -
Using Hierarchical Folders and Tags for File Management
Using Hierarchical Folders and Tags for File Management A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Shanshan Ma in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2010 © Copyright 2010 Shanshan Ma. All Rights Reserved. ii Dedications This dissertation is dedicated to my mother. iii Acknowledgments I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my advisor Dr. Susan Wiedenbeck. She encouraged me when I had struggles. She inspired me when I had doubts. The dissertation is nowhere to be found if it had not been for our weekly meetings and numerous discussions. I’m in great debts to all the time and effort that she spent with me in this journey. Thank you to my dissertation committee members, Dr. Michael Atwood, Dr. Xia Lin, Dr. Denise Agosto, and Dr. Deborah Barreau, who have guided me and supported me in the research. The insights and critiques from the committee are invaluable in the writing of this dissertation. I am grateful to my family who love me unconditionally. Thank you my mother for teaching me to be a strong person. Thank you my father and my brother for always being there for me. I would like to thank the iSchool at Drexel University for your generosity in supporting my study and research, for your faculty and staff members who I always had fun to work with, and for the alumni garden that is beautiful all year round. Thank you my friends in Philadelphia and my peer Ph.D. students in the iSchool at Drexel University. -
Model-Based Failure Analysis of Journaling File Systems
Model-Based Failure Analysis of Journaling File Systems Vijayan Prabhakaran, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi H. Arpaci-Dusseau University of Wisconsin, Madison Computer Sciences Department 1210, West Dayton Street, Madison, Wisconsin {vijayan, dusseau, remzi}@cs.wisc.edu Abstract To analyze such file systems, we develop a novel model- based fault-injection technique. Specifically, for the file We propose a novel method to measure the dependability system under test, we develop an abstract model of its up- of journaling file systems. In our approach, we build models date behavior, e.g., how it orders writes to disk to maintain of how journaling file systems must behave under different file system consistency. By using such a model, we can journaling modes and use these models to analyze file sys- inject faults at various “interesting” points during a file sys- tem behavior under disk failures. Using our techniques, we tem transaction, and thus monitor how the system reacts to measure the robustness of three important Linux journaling such failures. In this paper, we focus only on write failures file systems: ext3, Reiserfs and IBM JFS. From our anal- because file system writes are those that change the on-disk ysis, we identify several design flaws and correctness bugs state and can potentially lead to corruption if not properly present in these file systems, which can cause serious file handled. system errors ranging from data corruption to unmountable We use this fault-injection methodology to test three file systems. widely used Linux journaling file systems: ext3 [19], Reis- erfs [14] and IBM JFS [1]. -
Workstation Operating Systems Mac OS 9
15-410 “Now that we've covered the 1970's...” Plan 9 Nov. 25, 2019 Dave Eckhardt 1 L11_P9 15-412, F'19 Overview “The land that time forgot” What style of computing? The death of timesharing The “Unix workstation problem” Design principles Name spaces File servers The TCP file system... Runtime environment 3 15-412, F'19 The Land That Time Forgot The “multi-core revolution” already happened once 1982: VAX-11/782 (dual-core) 1984: Sequent Balance 8000 (12 x NS32032) 1985: Encore MultiMax (20 x NS32032) 1990: Omron Luna88k workstation (4 x Motorola 88100) 1991: KSR1 (1088 x KSR1) 1991: “MCS” paper on multi-processor locking algorithms 1995: BeBox workstation (2 x PowerPC 603) The Land That Time Forgot The “multi-core revolution” already happened once 1982: VAX-11/782 (dual-core) 1984: Sequent Balance 8000 (12 x NS32032) 1985: Encore MultiMax (20 x NS32032) 1990: Omron Luna88k workstation (4 x Motorola 88100) 1991: KSR1 (1088 x KSR1) 1991: “MCS” paper on multi-processor locking algorithms 1995: BeBox workstation (2 x PowerPC 603) Wow! Why was 1995-2004 ruled by single-core machines? What operating systems did those multi-core machines run? The Land That Time Forgot Why was 1995-2004 ruled by single-core machines? In 1995 Intel + Microsoft made it feasible to buy a fast processor that fit on one chip, a fast I/O bus, multiple megabytes of RAM, and an OS with memory protection. Everybody could afford a “workstation”, so everybody bought one. Massive economies of scale existed in the single- processor “Wintel” universe. -
Orion File System : File-Level Host-Based Virtualization
Orion File System : File-level Host-based Virtualization Amruta Joshi Faraz Shaikh Sapna Todwal Pune Institute of Computer Pune Institute of Computer Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Technology, Technology, Dhankavadi, Pune 411043, India Dhankavadi, Pune 411043, India Dhankavadi, Pune 411043, India 020-2437-1101 020-2437-1101 020-2437-1101 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— The aim of Orion is to implement a solution that The automatic indexing of files and directories is called provides file-level host-based virtualization that provides for "semantic" because user programmable transducers use better aggregation of content/information based on information about these semantics of files to extract the semantics and properties. File-system organization today properties for indexing. The extracted properties are then very closely mirrors storage paradigms rather than user- stored in a relational database so that queries can be run access paradigms and semantic grouping. All file-system against them. Experimental results from our semantic file hierarchies are containers that are expressed based on their system implementation ORION show that semantic file physical presence (a separate drive letter on Windows, or a systems present a more effective storage abstraction than the particular mount point based on the volume in Unix). traditional tree structured file systems for information We have implemented a solution that will allow sharing, storage and retrieval. users to organize their files -
855400Cd46b6c9e7683b5ace58a55234.Pdf
Ars TeAchrsn iTceachnica UK Register Log in ▼ ▼ Ars Technica has arrived in Europe. Check it out! × Encryption options are great, but Apple's attitude on checksums is still funky. by Adam H. Leventhal - Jun 26, 2016 1:00pm UTC KEEPING ON TRUCKING INDEPENDENCE, WHAT INDEPENDENCE? Two hours or so of WWDC keynoting and Tim Cook didn't mention a new file system once? Andrew Cunningham This article was originally published on Adam Leventhal's blog in multiple parts. Programmer Andrew Nõmm: "I had to be made Apple announced a new file system that will make its way into all of its OS variants (macOS, tvOS, iOS, an example of as a warning to all IT people." watchOS) in the coming years. Media coverage to this point has been mostly breathless elongations of Apple's developer documentation. With a dearth of detail I decided to attend the presentation and Q&A with the APFS team at WWDC. Dominic Giampaolo and Eric Tamura, two members of the APFS team, gave an overview to a packed room; along with other members of the team, they patiently answered questions later in the day. With those data points and some first-hand usage I wanted to provide an overview and analysis both as a user of Apple-ecosystem products and as a long-time operating system and file system developer. The overview is divided into several sections. I'd encourage you to jump around to topics of interest or skip right to the conclusion (or to the tweet summary). Highest praise goes to encryption; ire to data integrity.