Global Research Analysis
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Symbian OS As a Research Platform – Present and Future
Symbian OS as a Research Platform Present and Future Lawrence Simpson Research Department Symbian Copyright © 2008 Symbian Software Ltd. Symbian Platform Symbian OS is a separate platform, specifically designed for mobile & convergent devices. Not an adaptation of Unix or Windows or .... Symbian OS has facilities to support • Small (memory) footprint • Low power consumption • High reliability • “Always on”, but must deal with unplanned shutdown • Diverse range of hardware • Diverse manufacturers – multiple UIs and multiple brands Different UIs on the same underlying system Series 60 (S60) • Provided by Nokia. • Used by Nokia & S60 licensees. • Originally a keypad-based UI ... now supporting touch-screen variants. UIQ • Provided by UIQ – company has sometimes been owned by Symbian, sometimes by Sony Ericsson/Motorola. • Used by Sony Ericsson & Motorola. • Originally mainly a touch-screen UI ... now supporting keypad-only variants. MOAP(S) • Provided through NTT DOCOMO. • Used by several Symbian licensees in Japan. Software in a Symbian Phone – “Habitats of the Symbian Eco-System” User-Installed Applications “In-the-box” Applications (commissioned/written by the phone-maker, built into the phone ROM) User Interface (S60 or UIQ or MOAP) Symbian OS Hardware Adaptation Software (usually from chip-vendors or 3rd parties) Symbian OS component level view developer.symbian.com/main/documentation/technologies/system_models OS designed for Smartphones & Media Phones Core OS Technologies Other Smartphone Technologies • Telephony Services • PIM (calendars, agenda, etc.) • Shortlink (BT, USB) Services • Messaging • Networking (IP) Services • Remote Management • Multimedia (audio & video) • Java / J2ME • Graphics • Security Management • Location-Based Services (LBS) • Multimedia Middleware • Base Services: (Database Utilities, • Application Protocols Localisation, etc.) • GUI Framework • Kernel Symbian programming paradigms • Several paradigms to support mobility, reliability, security, including.. -
Symbian Foundation Press Conference
Symbian Foundation Press conference M/C – Merran Wrigley Exciting Internet experiences for the aspirations of billions 2 © 2008 Symbian Foundation Mobile software set free Symbian Foundation Kai Öistämö Executive Vice President, Nokia Shared vision for an unparalleled open mobile software platform 4 © 2008 Symbian Foundation That unites Symbian OS, S60, UIQ and MOAP(S) 5 © 2008 Symbian Foundation Creating the most proven, open, complete mobile software platform 6 © 2008 Symbian Foundation With over 200 million devices already shipped 7 © 2008 Symbian Foundation For free. 8 © 2008 Symbian Foundation Creating one platform, royalty-free Foundation Differentiated Member experience MOAP(S) 9 © 2008 Symbian Foundation Creating one platform, royalty-free Foundation Differentiated Member experience Symbian Foundation Platform Applications suite Runtimes UI framework Middleware Operating system Tools & SDK 10 © 2008 Symbian Foundation The first step to our goal • Acquiring Symbian Ltd • Closing expected in Q4 2008 • Symbian Ltd to be part of Nokia • Nokia will contribute Symbian OS and S60 to Symbian Foundation 11 © 2008 Symbian Foundation Fulfilling the Symbian mission Symbian Foundation Nigel Clifford CEO, Symbian Symbian Ltd Mission To become the most widely used software platform on the planet 13 © 2008 Symbian Foundation The leading global open platform 12% Symbian Linux 11% Microsoft RIM 60% Apple 11% Other Source Canalys – Cumulative 4% 12 month period to Q1 2008 2% 14 © 2008 Symbian Foundation The choice for the top vendors Samsung MOTO -
Access Control and Operating System
Outline (may not finish in one lecture) Access Control and Operating Access Control Concepts Secure OS System Security • Matrix, ACL, Capabilities • Methods for resisting • Multi-level security (MLS) stronger attacks OS Mechanisms Assurance • Multics • Orange Book, TCSEC John Mitchell – Ring structure • Common Criteria • Amoeba • Windows 2000 – Distributed, capabilities certification • Unix Some Limitations – File system, Setuid • Information flow • Windows • Covert channels – File system, Tokens, EFS • SE Linux – Role-based, Domain type enforcement Access control Access control matrix [Lampson] Common Assumption Objects • System knows who the user is File 1 File 2 File 3 … File n – User has entered a name and password, or other info • Access requests pass through gatekeeper User 1 read write - - read – OS must be designed monitor cannot be bypassed User 2 write write write - - Reference Subjects monitor User 3 - - - read read User process ? Resource … User m read write read write read Decide whether user can apply operation to resource Two implementation concepts Capabilities Access control list (ACL) File 1 File 2 … Operating system concept • “… of the future and always will be …” • Store column of matrix User 1 read write - Examples with the resource User 2 write write - • Dennis and van Horn, MIT PDP-1 Timesharing Capability User 3 - - read • Hydra, StarOS, Intel iAPX 432, Eros, … • User holds a “ticket” for … • Amoeba: distributed, unforgeable tickets each resource User m read write write • Two variations References – store -
Research Purpose Operating Systems – a Wide Survey
GESJ: Computer Science and Telecommunications 2010|No.3(26) ISSN 1512-1232 RESEARCH PURPOSE OPERATING SYSTEMS – A WIDE SURVEY Pinaki Chakraborty School of Computer and Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi – 110067, India. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Operating systems constitute a class of vital software. A plethora of operating systems, of different types and developed by different manufacturers over the years, are available now. This paper concentrates on research purpose operating systems because many of them have high technological significance and they have been vividly documented in the research literature. Thirty-four academic and research purpose operating systems have been briefly reviewed in this paper. It was observed that the microkernel based architecture is being used widely to design research purpose operating systems. It was also noticed that object oriented operating systems are emerging as a promising option. Hence, the paper concludes by suggesting a study of the scope of microkernel based object oriented operating systems. Keywords: Operating system, research purpose operating system, object oriented operating system, microkernel 1. Introduction An operating system is a software that manages all the resources of a computer, both hardware and software, and provides an environment in which a user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner [1]. However, the principles and concepts used in the operating systems were not standardized in a day. In fact, operating systems have been evolving through the years [2]. There were no operating systems in the early computers. In those systems, every program required full hardware specification to execute correctly and perform each trivial task, and its own drivers for peripheral devices like card readers and line printers. -
Mixed-Criticality Scheduling and Resource Sharing for High-Assurance Operating Systems
Mixed-Criticality Scheduling and Resource Sharing for High-Assurance Operating Systems Anna Lyons Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia September 2018 Abstract Criticality of a software system refers to the severity of the impact of a failure. In a high-criticality system, failure risks significant loss of life or damage to the environ- ment. In a low-criticality system, failure may risk a downgrade in user-experience. As criticality of a software system increases, so too does the cost and time to develop that software: raising the criticality also raises the assurance level, with the highest levels requiring extensive, expensive, independent certification. For modern cyber-physical systems, including autonomous aircraft and other vehicles, the traditional approach of isolating systems of different criticality by using completely separate physical hardware, is no longer practical, being both restrictive and inefficient. The result is mixed-criticality systems, where software applications with different criticalities execute on the same hardware. Sufficient mechanisms are required to ascertain that software in mixed-criticality systems is sufficiently isolated, otherwise, all software on that hardware is promoted to the highest criticality level, driving up costs to impractical levels. For mixed-criticality systems to be viable, both spatial and temporal isolation are required. Current aviation standards allow for mixed-criticality systems where temporal and spatial resources are strictly and statically partitioned in time and space, allowing some improvement over fully isolated hardware. However, further improvements are not only possible, but required for future innovation in cyber-physical systems. -
Detection of Smartphone Malware
Detection of Smartphone Malware Eingereicht von Diplom-Informatiker Aubrey-Derrick Schmidt Von der Fakult¨atIV { Elektrotechnik und Informatik der Technischen Universit¨atBerlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften { Dr.-Ing. { genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuß: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Seifert Berichter: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sahin Albayrak Berichter: Prof. Dr. Fernando C. Colon Osorio Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 28.06.2011 Berlin 2011 D 83 ii Acknowledgements On completion of my Ph.D. thesis I would like to sincerely thank all those who supported me in realizing and finishing my work. First of all, I am heartily thankful to my supervisors and Ph.D. Com- mittee spending time and effort on me. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sahin Albayrak and Ph.D. Ahmet Camtepe always were a shining example for scientific success to me. Throughout all of the stages of my thesis, they helped me to keep track on the right research direction, seriously revised all of my work, and patiently discussed and resolved issues not only related to my work. I am also deeply moved by their serious and honest attitude towards academic work. Additionally, I really appreciate their will for hosting and motivating me all the time while working at DAI-Laboratory at Technische Univer- sit¨atBerlin. I want to honestly thank them for their friendly, personal, and self-sacrificing will to help me in any situation throughout my time at the DAI-Laboratory. When meeting Prof. Dr. Fernando C. Colon Osorio on Malware Conference 2009 in Montreal the first time, I was really impressed by his will to put scientific discussion into the focus of the conference. -
Operating System Verification—An Overview
Sadhan¯ a¯ Vol. 34, Part 1, February 2009, pp. 27–69. © Printed in India Operating system verification—An overview GERWIN KLEIN Sydney Research Laboratory, NICTA,∗ Australia, School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. This paper gives a high-level introduction to the topic of formal, interactive, machine-checked software verification in general, and the verification of operating systems code in particular. We survey the state of the art, the advantages and limitations of machine-checked code proofs, and describe two specific ongoing larger-scale verification projects in more detail. Keywords. Formal software verification; operating systems; theorem proving. 1. Introduction The fastest, cheapest and easiest way to build something is properly the first time (Parker 2007). This engineer’s credo has made it into popular literature, but it seems to be largely ignored in the world of software development. In the late 1960s a software crisis was diagnosed on a summit in the Bavarian Alps (Naur & Randell 1969): Software was getting more and more complex, and we had no structured way of building it. We ended up with projects that took significantly longer than planned, were more expensive than planned, delivered results that did not fully address customer needs, or at worst were useless. This summit in the late 1960s is widely seen as the birth of the discipline of software engineering. Now, almost 40 years later, we have come a long way. There are numerous books on software engineering, a plenitude of methodologies, programming languages, and processes to choose from. -
Scalability of Microkernel-Based Systems
Scalability of Microkernel-Based Systems Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines DOKTORS DER INGENIERWISSENSCHAFTEN von der Fakultat¨ fur¨ Informatik der Universitat¨ Fridericiana zu Karlsruhe (TH) genehmigte DISSERTATION von Volkmar Uhlig aus Dresden Tag der mundlichen¨ Prufung:¨ 30.05.2005 Hauptreferent: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Gerhard Goos Universitat¨ Fridericiana zu Karlsruhe (TH) Korreferent: Prof. Dr. sc. tech. (ETH) Gernot Heiser University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Karlsruhe: 15.06.2005 i Abstract Microkernel-based systems divide the operating system functionality into individ- ual and isolated components. The system components are subject to application- class protection and isolation. This structuring method has a number of benefits, such as fault isolation between system components, safe extensibility, co-existence of different policies, and isolation between mutually distrusting components. How- ever, such strict isolation limits the information flow between subsystems including information that is essential for performance and scalability in multiprocessor sys- tems. Semantically richer kernel abstractions scale at the cost of generality and mini- mality–two desired properties of a microkernel. I propose an architecture that al- lows for dynamic adjustment of scalability-relevant parameters in a general, flex- ible, and safe manner. I introduce isolation boundaries for microkernel resources and the system processors. The boundaries are controlled at user-level. Operating system components and applications can transform their semantic information into three basic parameters relevant for scalability: the involved processors (depending on their relation and interconnect), degree of concurrency, and groups of resources. I developed a set of mechanisms that allow a kernel to: 1. efficiently track processors on a per-resource basis with support for very large number of processors, 2. -
Introduction Course Outline Why Does This Fail? Lectures Tutorials
Course Outline • Prerequisites – COMP2011 Data Organisation • Stacks, queues, hash tables, lists, trees, heaps,…. Introduction – COMP2021 Digital Systems Structure • Assembly programming • Mapping of high-level procedural language to assembly COMP3231/9201/3891/9283 language – or the postgraduate equivalent (Extended) Operating Systems – You are expected to be competent Kevin Elphinstone programmers!!!! • We will be using the C programming language – The dominant language for OS implementation. – Need to understand pointers, pointer arithmetic, explicit 2 memory allocation. Why does this fail? Lectures • Common for all courses (3231/3891/9201/9283) void func(int *x, int *y) • Wednesday, 2-4pm { • Thursday, 5-6pm *x = 1; *y = 2; – All lectures are here (EE LG03) – The lecture notes will be available on the course web site } • Available prior to lectures, when possible. void main() – The lecture notes and textbook are NOT a substitute for { attending lectures. int *a, *b; func(a,b); } 3 4 Tutorials Assignments • Assignments form a substantial component of • Start in week 2 your assessment. • A tutorial participation mark will • They are challenging!!!! – Because operating systems are challenging contribute to your final assessment. • We will be using OS/161, – Participation means participation, NOT – an educational operating system attendance. – developed by the Systems Group At Harvard – Comp9201/3891/9283 students excluded – It contains roughly 20,000 lines of code and comments • You will only get participation marks in your enrolled tutorial. 5 6 1 Assignments Assignments • Assignments are in pairs • Don’t under estimate the time needed to do the – Info on how to pair up available soon assignments. • We usually offer advanced versions of the – ProfQuotes: [About the midterm] "We can't keep you working assignments on it all night, it's not OS.“ Ragde, CS341 – Available bonus marks are small compared to amount of • If you start a couple days before they are due, you will be late. -
Copyrighted Material
1 Introduction 1.1 The Convergence Device Convergence has been one of the major technology trends of the last decade. Like all trends, its roots go back much further; in this case you would probably trace them back to the first combination of computing and communications technologies that led to the birth of the Internet. Human interactions that had previously taken place via the physical transportation of paper could now occur almost instantaneously to any connected computer in the world. Increases in computing power, digital storage capacity and communications bandwidth then enabled more complex media – such as voice, music, high resolution images and video – to enter this digital world. Today, near instant global communications are available in multiple media, or multimedia, as they’re commonly described. At the same time this was happening, communications were shifting from fixed wires to mobile radio technologies, allowing people to connect with one another from anywhere. Computing has become increasingly portable, freeing users to work and play on the move. Imaging and video converged with computing to give us digital cameras and camcorders. Music and video distribution and storage have gone first digital and then portable. Global positioning technology combined with portable computingCOPYRIGHTED has brought us personal MATERIAL navigation devices. Almost inevitably, miniaturization and integration have led to the development of the ultimate convergence device – the multimedia smartphone. The term ‘smartphone’ was first applied to devices which combined the features of a mobile phone and a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). As technology has advanced, that functionality is now available in some fairly low-end models. -
A Look at the EROS Operating System Jonathan S
A Look at the EROS Operating System Jonathan S. Shapiro Johns Hopkins University Abstract EROS is a capability-based, secure operating system originally designed to address the needs of shared computing utilities involving mutually suspicious users. The deploy ment plan for the original design was to provide leased compute service to competing business entities, potentially running on a single machine. As a result, the system was structured to preserve security in the face of both hostile dynamic content and hostile users. While the EROS platform can support the efficient deployment of multilevel se cure environments, it is primarily focused on business security requirements. These re quirements often address integrity as well as security concerns. An EROS-based deploy ment can ensure that business-critical data is manipulated exclusively by authorized ap plication software, which in turn is guarded against user tampering. Simultaneously, EROS enables users to run untrusted utility software, hand private or proprietary data to that software, and be assured (within reason) that the data cannot be disclosed to the out side world. This paper gives a general overview of the EROS system and what it can do. The EROS research project has now ended. Further work based on the EROS system is being pursued under the CapROS project (www.capros.org). The EROS team has moved on to a successor system: Coyotos (www.coyotos.org). 1 Introduction in other publications. Others result from chains of reasoning that are omitted for reasons of space. A This paper accompanies a talk for the 2005 Libre few are opinions derived from years of in-depth Software Meeting in Dijon, France. -
El Debat Polític D'ahir; Al Parlament De La Repúb Ica, Desenrotllat En
EL TEMPS. - Al pla de Lleida, Penedès, Bages I Via, hi ha bol· res matinals. Per tota la resta de catalunya el cel està completament se~. pel qual motiu les glaçades I gebrades són tmpartants, I ha experimentat la temperatura un notable descens. Les mlnlmes registrades ahir han tingut lloc a Núria amb 11 graus sota zero I a Adrall I Sant Juilià de VIlatorta, amb 6 graus sota zero. IV _ Núm. 700 - Preue 10 cèntims AnY fundadort LLUIS COMPANYS Barcelona, dijous, s de febrer del 19J4 El MOMENT POUTIC El debat polític d'ahir; al Parlament de la Repúb ica, desenrotllat en un ambient de gran passió, vé a augnientar el confusionisme actual - o Uftfi[H[IA ~·~HJI11IUA[II A~~~R~A IPrieto, en nom dels socialistes, s'expresà en SENSE AUTORITAT NI GAllARDIA termes de gran violència.-Segueix la divisió l dintre el Govern lerroux, destacada novament e S darreres hores A despit de la votació de coníiança al Govern Lerroux, obtingudR en la intervenció de Martínez Barrio del Govern Lerroux després de l'apassionat debat parlamentari d'ahir, la situació politica segueiX més con1usa que mat. Si la crisi era inevitable abans d'ahir, ho és Proposicions llei sobre intensificació del Cultiu. la situació social als camps i espe El senyor ALVAREZ MENDIZA cialment a la provincia de Jaén. (Crònica del nostre redactor a Madrid Alard Prats) .rob apremiant urgencia des d'avui. La sessió parlamentària tingué l'ab· Madrid, 7. - A dos quarts i cmc surd& conseqi.ièncJa de complicar com mat la situació 1 de posar de re BAL presenta una esmena en la L'efervescencia que s'observa al carrer, ha tingut per fi ressò al Parla minuts de cinc comença la sess10 com lleu en el saló de sessions la profunda esquerda del gabinet, sense solda qual demana que es determinin El debat polític ment.