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Mcnary National Wildlife Refuge Cold Springs National Wildlife Refuge McNary National Wildlife Refuge Cold Springs National Wildlife Refuge Land Protection Plan and Environmental Assessment for the Proposed East Improvement District Land Exchange Prepared by: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex 64 Maple Street Burbank, Washington 99232 August 2020 Estimated Lead Agency Total Cost for Developing and Producing this Environmental Assessment: $8,000 Abbreviations Abbreviation Full Phrase BMP Best Management Practice BOR Bureau of Reclamation CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended CFR Code of Federal Regulations CTUIR Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation dBA Decibels Adjusted DM Departmental Manual DOA Department of the Army DOI Department of the Interior EA Environmental Assessment EID East Improvement District EO Executive Order EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Endangered Species Act of 1969, as amended FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact GHG Greenhouse Gas HID Hermiston Irrigation District IPM Integrated Pest Management LPP Land Protection Plan MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, as amended MCRNWRC Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NEPA National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended NHPA National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended NWR National Wildlife Refuge NWRC National Wildlife Refuge Complex NWRS National Wildlife Refuge System ODEQ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality RLR Reiss-Landreau Research ROW Right-of-Way Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service SHPO State Historic Preservation Office SO Secretarial Order TRI Toxic Release Inventory UEC Umatilla Electric Cooperative U.S.C. United States Code 1 Abbreviation Full Phrase USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Mission of the National Wildlife Refuge System ................................................................... 5 1.2 Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex ..................................................... 6 1.3 McNary National Wildlife Refuge ......................................................................................... 6 1.4 Cold Springs National Wildlife Refuge .................................................................................. 8 1.5 Purpose and Need for Action .................................................................................................. 8 1.6 Acquisition Authorities ........................................................................................................... 8 1.7 Proposed Action ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.8 Scope of the Environmental Assessment ................................................................................ 9 1.9 Decisions to be Made.............................................................................................................. 9 2. Proposed Alternatives................................................................................................................... 12 2.1 Alternative 1: No Action ...................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Alternative 2: Proposed Land Exchange .............................................................................. 12 2.3 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Planning ........................................ 12 3. Conceptual Management Plan ...................................................................................................... 12 4. Affected Environment .................................................................................................................. 14 4.1 Exchange Area at McNary National Wildlife Refuge .......................................................... 14 4.2 Despain Gulch Parcel ........................................................................................................... 21 5. Environmental Effects .................................................................................................................. 24 5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 24 5.2 Effects at McNary National Wildlife Refuge ....................................................................... 24 5.2.1 Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................ 26 5.3 Effects at Despain Gulch Parcel ........................................................................................... 26 6. Summary of Analysis ................................................................................................................... 35 6.1 Alternative 1: No Action ...................................................................................................... 35 6.2 Alternative 2: Proposed Land Exchange .............................................................................. 35 7. Coordination and Consultation ..................................................................................................... 35 8. Environmental Review and Compliance ...................................................................................... 36 9. Literature Cited............................................................................................................................. 38 3 Figure 1. Vicinity Map ........................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 2. Proposed Exchange Area of McNary National Wildlife Refuge Showing Approved Pipeline Project .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 3. Despain Gulch Property Adjacent to Cold Springs National Wildlife Refuge .................... 11 Figure 4. National Wildlife Refuge Hydrology and Wetlands ............................................................ 17 Photograph 1: Memorial Marsh: How the added parcel may be managed. Source USFWS ............... 13 Photograph 2: McNary Exchange Parcel. Source USFWS .................................................................. 14 Photograph 3: McNary Exchange Parcel (below blue line). Source USFWS. .................................... 16 Photograph 4: Despain Gulch Exchange Parcel view 1. Source USFWS ........................................... 21 Photograph 5: Despain Gulch view 2. Source USFWS. ...................................................................... 22 Photograph 6: Despain Gulch Property view 3. Source USFWS ........................................................ 29 Table 1. Resources Not More Than Negligibly Affected at McNary National Wildlife Refuge ........ 25 Table 2. More Than Negligibly Affected Resources at McNary National Wildlife Refuge ............... 25 Table 3. Resources Not More Than Negligibly Affected at Despain Gulch Property ......................... 27 Table 4. Resources at Despain Gulch Property More Than Negligibly Impacted ............................... 27 Appendix A. Corps of Engineers Environmental Green Sheet............................................................40 Appendix B. Endangered Species Act Section 7 Consultation............................................................50 4 1. Introduction The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) is the primary federal agency responsible for conserving and enhancing the nation’s fish, wildlife, and plant populations and their habitats. Although the Service shares this responsibility with other federal, state, tribal, local, and private entities, the Service has specific trust responsibilities for migratory birds, federally listed threatened and endangered species, and certain anadromous fish and marine mammals. Service efforts over the last 100 years to protect wildlife and their habitats have resulted in a network of protected areas that form the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS, Refuge System). This network of protected areas is the largest and most diverse in the world. Refuge System lands provide essential habitat for numerous wildlife and plant species, wildlife-dependent recreational opportunities for the public, and a variety of benefits to local communities. This Land Protection Plan/Environmental Assessment (LPP/EA) analyzes the reasonably foreseeable effects to the human environment related to a proposed land exchange between the Service and the East Improvement District (EID). This LPP/EA also provides the public with a description of how the land from EID, which would be incorporated into the Refuge System, may initially be managed. The proposed action would exchange 19.28 acres of the Stateline Unit on McNary National Wildlife Refuge (NWR, Refuge) for 14.6 acres of privately owned riparian and wetland habitat along Despain Gulch, adjacent to Cold Springs NWR (Figure 1). Both national wildlife refuges are part of the Mid- Columbia River National Wildlife Refuge Complex (NWRC). The land at McNary NWR proposed for exchange is
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