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Skin Cancer in Australia (Full Publication; 21Jul2016 Edition)

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Skin Cancer in Australia (Full Publication; 21Jul2016 Edition) Skin cancer (melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers) accounts Skin in Australia cancer for the largest number of cancers diagnosed in Australia each Skin cancer in Australia year. This report provides an overview of skin cancer in Australia, risk factors, and key summary measures, including incidence, hospitalisations, survival and mortality. It shows that while the age-standardised incidence rate has risen for most age groups, for Australians aged less than 40, the incidence rate for both types of skin cancers are declining. This is likely due to sun protection awareness programs run at the school level. AIHW Skin cancer in Australia Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Canberra Cat. no. CAN 96 The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is a major national agency that provides reliable, regular and relevant information and statistics on Australia’s health and welfare. The Institute’s purpose is to provide authoritative information and statistics to promote better health and wellbeing among Australians. © Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2016 This product, excluding the AIHW logo, Commonwealth Coat of Arms and any material owned by a third party or protected by a trademark, has been released under a Creative Commons BY 3.0 (CC-BY 3.0) licence. Excluded material owned by third parties may include, for example, design and layout, images obtained under licence from third parties and signatures. We have made all reasonable efforts to identify and label material owned by third parties. You may distribute, remix and build upon this work. However, you must attribute the AIHW as the copyright holder of the work in compliance with our attribution policy available at <www.aihw.gov.au/copyright/>. The full terms and conditions of this licence are available at <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/>. A complete list of the Institute’s publications is available from the Institute’s website <www.aihw.gov.au>. ISBN 978-1-74249-948-2 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-74249-949-9 (Print) Suggested citation Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2016. Skin cancer in Australia. Cat. no. CAN 96. Canberra: AIHW. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Board Chair Director Dr Mukesh C Haikerwal AO Mr Barry Sandison Any enquiries about copyright or comments on this publication should be directed to: Digital and Media Communications Unit Australian Institute of Health and Welfare GPO Box 570 Canberra ACT 2601 Tel: (02) 6244 1000 Email: [email protected] Published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Please note that there is the potential for minor revisions of data in this report. Please check the online version at <www.aihw.gov.au> for any amendments. Contents Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................................. iii Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... iv Summary ............................................................................................................................................... v 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 The skin ............................................................................................................................................ 1 About this report ............................................................................................................................ 2 2 Facts about skin cancer ................................................................................................................. 3 Melanoma of the skin .................................................................................................................... 3 Non-melanoma skin cancer .......................................................................................................... 3 Risk factors for skin cancer ........................................................................................................... 4 3 Melanoma ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Incidence .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Hospitalisations .............................................................................................................................. 7 Survival .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Mortality ........................................................................................................................................ 12 4 Non-melanoma skin cancer ....................................................................................................... 16 Incidence ........................................................................................................................................ 16 Hospitalisations ............................................................................................................................ 20 Mortality ........................................................................................................................................ 23 5 Focus on key population groups .............................................................................................. 26 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people ........................................................................... 26 States and territories .................................................................................................................... 28 Remoteness area ........................................................................................................................... 29 Socioeconomic groups ................................................................................................................. 31 6 Medicare subsidised services.................................................................................................... 34 Melanoma ...................................................................................................................................... 34 Non-melanoma skin cancers....................................................................................................... 36 7 Spotlight on limitations of NMSC data .................................................................................. 38 Available data sources and their limitations ............................................................................ 38 Parliamentary inquiry into non-melanoma skin cancer ......................................................... 39 Appendix A: Tables ........................................................................................................................... 42 Appendix B: Defining rare non-melanoma skin cancer ............................................................. 50 Appendix C: Medicare data .............................................................................................................. 52 Appendix D: Defining hospitalisations for skin cancer ............................................................. 58 i Appendix E: Statistical methods and technical notes .................................................................. 60 Appendix F: Data sources ................................................................................................................. 62 Glossary ................................................................................................................................................ 64 References ............................................................................................................................................ 67 List of tables ........................................................................................................................................ 70 List of figures ...................................................................................................................................... 72 Related publications .......................................................................................................................... 73 ii Acknowledgments Shubhada Shukla and Graeme Morris from the National Centre for Monitoring Cancer at the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) prepared this report. Mark Short and Chun Chen performed essential analysis, and Justin Harvey provided valuable advice. The authors thank the AIHW staff who commented on earlier drafts of this report. This report was prepared under the guidance of the Cancer Monitoring Advisory Group whose members are Jim Bishop (chair), David Ellis, David Hill, Janet Hiller, Julie Marker, Ian Olver, David Roder, Claire Vajdic, Helen Zorbas, Helen Farrugia, Sanchia Aranda, Alice Creelman, Catherine Katz, Christopher Stevenson and Tim Threlfall. Input from all these individuals is gratefully acknowledged. iii Abbreviations ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ACD Australia Cancer Database AIHW Australian Institute of Health and Welfare BCC basal cell carcinoma CI confidence interval DNA deoxyribonucleic acid ICD International Classification of Diseases ICD-10-AM International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems,
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