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Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020 Federal Ministry Federal Ministry � Federal Ministry Republic ofof AustriaAustria Republic of Austria Republic ofof AustriaAustria EdEducation, ucation, Science Climate Action, Environment, EdDigital ucation, and Science andand ResearchResearch Energy, MobiIity, andEconomic Research Aff airs Innovation and Technology Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020 Report under Section 8(1) of the Research Organisation Act on federally subsidised research, technology, and innovation in Austria This report was commissioned by the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF), the Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology (BMK), and the Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW). It was written by a working group consisting of WPZ Research, the Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI) and the Austrian Institute for SME Research (KMU Forschung Austria) with the support of VDI/VDE Institute for Innovation and Technology (iit), Technopolis and the Industry Science Institute (IWI). Team of authors: Brigitte Ecker (Coordination, WPZ Research), Philipp Brunner (IWI), Tobias Dudenbostel (Technopolis), Helmut Gassler (ZSI), Gerald Gogola (WPZ Research), Ernst A. Hartmann (iit), Joachim Kaufmann (Austrian Institute for SME Research), Peter Kaufmann (Austrian Institute for SME Research), Stefan Krabel (iit), Elisabeth Nindl (Austrian Institute for SME Research), Sascha Ruhland (Austrian Institute for SME Research), Sascha Sardadvar (WPZ Research), Christine Seth (iit), Herwig W. Schneider (IWI), Klaus Schuch (ZSI), Mila Staneva (iit), Dorothea Sturn (ZSI), Brigitte Tiefenthaler (Technopolis), Katharina Warta (Technopolis) and Simon Zingerle (Technopolis). Imprint Media owners: Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF), 1010 Vienna Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology (BMK), 1030 Vienna Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW), 1010 Vienna All rights reserved No parts of this publication may be reproduced except when the source is referenced. Designed and produced by: barrierefrei PDF OG, Vienna, Translated by: Young Translations LLC, Vienna Cover: © stock.adobe.com Printed by: Print Alliance HAV Produktions GmbH, Bad Vöslau Vienna, 2020 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020 Preface The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has a of the Austrian Research and Technology Report. far-reaching impact on our social and economic For the first time, the present report attempts to lives. Forecasts of future economic development facilitate this view of the system as a whole using are fraught with uncertainty at present and will de- standardised key indicators and a reporting struc- pend on how long the crisis lasts, what restrictions ture that also tries to take account of the various are imposed and how effective the measures taken differences between these ten stakeholders. This prove to be. Due to the situation, therefore, no significantly enhances and expands the Austrian GDP forecast has been produced for 2020 – mere- Research and Technology Report. ly a scenario calculation for future economic devel- opment. This also means that there is no global At national level, work is under way to prepare a estimate of research intensity from Statistics new RTI strategy valid until 2030, which will give us Austria for 2020 and thus no illustration of annual a framework for the research agendas of the next estimated R&D expenditure or R&D intensity for few years. It is focusing on output as well as im- the current year in this Austrian Research and pact, excellence and openness. These broad objec- Technology Report. If the pandemic has shown us tives are being reinforced by analyses of Austria’s anything, it is just how important basic, applica- strengths and weaknesses in international rank- tion-oriented research is in overcoming a crisis. In ings, which put the country in a good upper mid- 2020, the federal government provided short-term field position in a global comparison – but not right funding for research into combating COVID-19 and at the top. At international level, and with Horizon made an extra €28 million available on short notice 2020 drawing to a close, the negotiations over for studies into the effectiveness of existing drugs. Horizon Europe – the EU’s new Framework Pro- As an accompanying measure, the medical univer- gramme for Research and Innovation for 2021–2027 sities are being supported with €2 million to enable – are playing a major role. This Austrian Research them to take part in clinical trials together with and Technology Report thus looks back over the companies. long and successful history of Austrian involve- ment in the EU Framework Programme for Research However, the pandemic is also making it clear that and forward to current developments in the pro- the federal government has chosen the right path gramme’s new incarnation. with the planned Research Funding Act and how important this path actually is. This law will induce The focus topic for this year’s report is artificial in- fundamental changes to the framework conditions. telligence (AI). The rapid progress of global techno- As well as providing planning and funding security logical development and the use of AI in all manner for three years, it is also designed to increase flex- of different areas will bring radical, disruptive ibility in day-to-day activities to allow a faster and change to our society. AI is also given broad cover- more effective response to relevant challenges. To age in the current government programme for enable a complete and systemic view of govern- 2020–2024, and developing an AI strategy is a ment-funded research and its performance in the stated objective. This is reason enough to explore future, annual monitoring of the ten central the topic in greater depth and provide an extensive research and research funding institutions listed in overview of its definitions, potential uses, ethics detail in the legislation is also envisaged as part guidelines and legal situation. 3 With its analyses of recent national and on selected evaluations, the Austrian Research and international research data, sections on measures, Technology Report 2020 once again presents an initiatives and continuing development in research, exciting and diverse picture of research and developments in certain institutions and sections technology in the country. Univ. Prof. Dr Heinz Faßmann Leonore Gewessler, BA Dr Margarete Schramböck Federal Minister of Education, Federal Minister for Climate Action, Federal Minister for Digital and Eco- Science and Research Environment, Energy, Mobility, nomic Affairs Innovation and Technology 4 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020 Table of Contents Executive Summary 8 1. Current Trends 14 1.1 Funding and R&D performance in Austria 15 1.2 Austria’s position in international comparisons 29 1.2.1 Development of Austria’s position in terms of the key performance RTI indicators 31 1.2.2 Development of Austria’s position in terms of digitalisation 38 1.2.3 Austria’s innovation capability and competitiveness 45 1.2.4 Summary 55 1.3 Austria and the EU Research, Technology and Innovation Policy 57 1.3.1 Austria’s performance in Horizon 2020 57 1.3.2 The new Framework Programme 63 1.3.3 Summary 66 1.4 Strategic measures, initiatives and further developments 67 1.4.1 Review process for the Research Funding Act 67 1.4.2 The RTI strategy and other strategic initiatives 68 1.4.3 Current developments in the higher education sector 77 1.5 Structures and developments in selected institutions 81 1.5.1 Austrian Cooperative Research (ACR) 81 1.5.2 The Geological Survey of Austria and the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics 88 2. Key Players in Research Funding and inNon-university Research 94 2.1 Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) 96 2.1.1 Profile and key figures 96 2.1.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 97 2.1.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook 100 2.2 Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) 102 2.2.1 Profile and key figures 102 2.2.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 103 2.2.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook 105 2.3 Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW) 106 2.3.1 Profile and key figures 106 2.3.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 108 2.3.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook 112 2.4 Silicon Austria Labs (SAL) 114 2.4.1 Profile and key figures 114 2.4.2 Indicators for 2019 115 2.4.3 Special events in 2019 and outlook 119 5 2.5 Austria Wirtschaftsservice (aws) 120 2.5.1 Profile and key figures 120 2.5.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 121 2.5.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook 124 2.6 Christian Doppler Research Association (CDG) 126 2.6.1 Profile and key figures 126 2.6.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 127 2.6.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook 131 2.7 Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 132 2.7.1 Profile and key figures 132 2.7.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 133 2.7.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook 138 2.8. Austrian Agency for International Cooperation in Education and Research (OeAD-GmbH) 140 2.8.1 Profile and key figures 140 2.8.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 140 2.8.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook 142 2.9 Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) 143 2.9.1 Profile and key figures 143 2.9.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 145 2.9.3 New initiatives and instruments 2019 and outlook 151 2.10 Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft (LBG) 152 2.10.1 Profile and key figures 152 2.10.2 Indicators for 2018 and 2019 153 2.10.3 Outlook 157 3. Artificial Intelligence (AI) 160 3.1 Context 161 3.2 AI in schools and higher education 162 3.3 Achievements in AI research at universities and research institutions 165 3.4 AI at companies 169 3.5 AI as a topic in applied research funding 172 3.6 An international comparison of AI 173 3.7 AI in public administration 177 3.8 Ethics and AI 179 3.9 Summary 181 6 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2020 4.
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