Christopher Columbus

Childer Thornton Primary School - Year 4 Spring Term Explorers – Treading where others haven’t

Facts People Vocabulary Dozen

The king and queen of Spain (King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella) Christopher Columbus - was the first Floe a large area of ice, floating in paid for Christopher Columbus to build 3 ships in 1492: The Nina, the person to complete four expeditionary the sea Pinta and the Santa Maria. ocean voyages sailing west from Spain Salvaged to save a badly damaged ship, Revise Continents of the world. to the islands of the Caribbean, and etc. from being lost completely Antarctica Central and South America that lead Tortuous not simple and direct; long, Is the southernmost continent on Earth. the way for European colonization. complicated and difficult to The South Pole is found in Antarctica. Sir Francis Drake – was an English sea understand Antarctica is bigger than Europe and almost double the size of Antarctica the most southerly continent on Australia.-Most of Antarctica is covered in ice over 1.6 kilometres thick captain, privateer, slave trader, pirate, Earth, covered in snow and ice (1 mile). naval officer and explorer of the Landscape everything you can see when you Around 90% of the ice on Earth is found in Antarctica. Elizabethan era. look across a large area of land, Sea levels would rise around 60m (200ft) if all the ice in Antarctica Ernest Shackleton - was an explorer especially in the country were to melt. who in 1901 joined an expedition to Is the coldest, iciest, driest and most windy continent on Earth. Climate the regular pattern of weather the Antarctic. He was sent home early Polar desert. conditions of a particular place due to bad health. Devoted to creating No permanent residents on Weather the conditions outside at a a legacy, he led the Trans-Antarctic Mount Vinson is the highest peak in Antarctica, at 4,892 metres particular place and time Antarctica has about 70% of the fresh water of the earth. Expedition. Disaster struck when his Recognise why people want to explore ship, The Endurance, was crushed by Courageous the state of being separate - What was life like on board an explorer’s ship? ice. geographical isolation showing Over 400 years ago The Santa Maria. 100 years ago The Endurance. Nerys Levi – Artist specialising in courage (bravery) Explorers had to know how to read maps, make maps and keep a Antarctica landscape scenes using Isolation the state of being separate - written journal. Read the sky for weather changes and know the stars pastels geographical isolation by name. The living conditions, meal times, illness and daily chores. Andrew Chapman – Antarctic Explorer – Time Line Expedition an organized journey with a Visitor into school – ask questions about 1874 – Ernest Shackleton was born. particular purpose, especially to the life of a modern day explorer. 1890 – Aged 16 years Shackleton left school and went to sea. find out about a place that is not 1901-1904 – Shackleton was a member of the Captain Scott’s famous Ranulph Fiennes - did the first well known Discovery Expedition. unsupported walk across Antarctica. He Endurance the ability to continue doing 1914 – Shackleton set out to cross the vast south polar continent is the world’s greatest living something painful or difficult for (Antarctica). explorer. Fiennes holds many records a long period of time without Jan 1915 – The Endurance frozen in pack ice – Southern edge of the for his 52,000-mile expedition. It complaining Weddell Sea. ended successfully on August 29, 1982. Exploration the act of travelling through a Oct 1915 – The Endurance crushed by ice. Quotes place in order to find out about Nov 1915 – The Endurance sinks. “We were helpless intruders in a strange it or look for something in it world.” Shackleton as Endurance was lost. Dec 1915 – They set up Patience Camp on a new floe. “I chose life over death for myself and my April 1916 – Land at Cape Valentine, Elephant Island. friends….. I believe it is in our nature to April 1916 – Shackleton leaves with five men to get help. explore, to reach out into the unknown. The Aug 1916 – All men are rescued from Elephant Island. only true failure would be to not explore at all.” Ernest Shackleton