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Linux Journal Archive Dvd 1994–2014 ™ A Look at the History behind systemd Since 1994: The Original Magazine of the Linux Community MARCH 2015 | ISSUE 251 | www.linuxjournal.com SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION Build Lightweight Virtual Containers PLUS Get a Fully Capable Android Tablet for $20 Using Puppet’s Libreboot WATCH: Hiera and for a Free ISSUE Encrypting Software OVERVIEW Credentials Laptop V LJ251-March2015.indd 1 2/19/15 9:21 AM LINUX JOURNAL ARCHIVE DVD 1994–2014 Are you tiredtiered of of dealing dealing with with proprietary proprietary storage? storage? ® 9%2Ä4MHÆDCÄ2SNQ@FD ZFS Unified Storage zStax StorCore from Silicon - From modest data storage needs to a multi-tiered production storage environment, zStax StorCore zStax StorCore 64 zStax StorCore 104 The zStax StorCore 64 utilizes the latest in The zStax StorCore 104 is the flagship of the dual-processor Intel® Xeon® platforms and fast zStax product line. With its highly available SAS SSDs for caching. The zStax StorCore 64 configurations and scalable architecture, the platform is perfect for: zStax StorCore 104 platform is ideal for: NOW AVAILABLE VPDOOPHGLXPRIILFHILOHVHUYHUV EDFNHQGVWRUDJHIRUYLUWXDOL]HGHQYLURQPHQWV VWUHDPLQJYLGHRKRVWV PLVVLRQFULWLFDOGDWDEDVHDSSOLFDWLRQV VPDOOGDWDDUFKLYHV DOZD\VDYDLODEOHDFWLYHDUFKLYHV www.linuxjournal.com/dvd TalkTalk with with an anexpert expert today: today: 866-352-1173 866-352-1173 - http://www.siliconmechanics.com/zstax LJ251-March2015.indd 2 2/19/15 9:21 AM Are you tiredtiered of of dealing dealing with with proprietary proprietary storage? storage? ® 9%2Ä4MHÆDCÄ2SNQ@FD ZFS Unified Storage zStax StorCore from Silicon - From modest data storage needs to a multi-tiered production storage environment, zStax StorCore zStax StorCore 64 zStax StorCore 104 The zStax StorCore 64 utilizes the latest in The zStax StorCore 104 is the flagship of the dual-processor Intel® Xeon® platforms and fast zStax product line. With its highly available SAS SSDs for caching. The zStax StorCore 64 configurations and scalable architecture, the platform is perfect for: zStax StorCore 104 platform is ideal for: VPDOOPHGLXPRIILFHILOHVHUYHUV EDFNHQGVWRUDJHIRUYLUWXDOL]HGHQYLURQPHQWV VWUHDPLQJYLGHRKRVWV PLVVLRQFULWLFDOGDWDEDVHDSSOLFDWLRQV VPDOOGDWDDUFKLYHV DOZD\VDYDLODEOHDFWLYHDUFKLYHV TalkTalk with with an anexpert expert today: today: 866-352-1173 866-352-1173 - http://www.siliconmechanics.com/zstax LJ251-March2015.indd 3 2/19/15 9:21 AM MARCH 2015 CONTENTS ISSUE 251 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION FEATURES 58 Using Hiera 68 Managing 82 Infinite with Puppet Services BusyBox Use Hiera to encrypt in Linux: with systemd sensitive data Past, Present Build one Linux in Puppet. system within Scott Lackey and Future another, using Learn about the the latest utilities history of init systems within the in Linux and systemd suite of understand how management tools. these systems Charles Fisher evolved over time. Jonas Gorauskas 4 / MARCH 2015 / WWW.LINUXJOURNAL.COM LJ251-March2015.indd 4 2/19/15 9:21 AM COLUMNS 22 34 Dave Taylor’s Work the Shell Let’s Play Cards with Acey-Deucey, Part II 38 Kyle Rankin’s Hack and / Libreboot on an X60, Part I: the Setup 44 Shawn Powers’ The Open-Source Classroom The Teeny Tiny $20 Tablet 100 Doc Searls’ EOF 24 Resurrecting the Armadillo IN EVERY ISSUE 8 Current_Issue.tar.gz 10 Letters 16 UPFRONT 32 Editors’ Choice 54 New Products 105 Advertisers Index ON THE COVER (3VVRH[[OL/PZ[VY`ILOPUKZ`Z[LTKW )\PSK3PNO[^LPNO[=PY[\HS*VU[HPULYZW <ZPUN7\WWL[Z/PLYHHUK,UJY`W[PUN*YLKLU[PHSZW 3PIYLIVV[MVYH-YLL:VM[^HYL3HW[VWW 7S\Z!.L[H-\SS`*HWHISL(UKYVPK;HISL[MVY W 44 LINUX JOURNAL (ISSN 1075-3583) is published monthly by Belltown Media, Inc., 2121 Sage Road, Ste. 395, Houston, TX 77056 USA. Subscription rate is $29.50/year. Subscriptions start with the next issue. WWW.LINUXJOURNAL.COM / MARCH 2015 / 5 LJ251-March2015.indd 5 2/19/15 11:53 AM Executive Editor Jill Franklin [email protected] Senior Editor Doc Searls [email protected] Associate Editor Shawn Powers [email protected] Art Director Garrick Antikajian [email protected] Products Editor James Gray [email protected] Editor Emeritus Don Marti [email protected] Technical Editor Michael Baxter [email protected] Senior Columnist Reuven Lerner [email protected] Security Editor Mick Bauer [email protected] Hack Editor Kyle Rankin lj@greenfly.net Virtual Editor Bill Childers [email protected] Contributing Editors )BRAHIM (ADDAD s 2OBERT ,OVE s :ACK "ROWN s $AVE 0HILLIPS s -ARCO &IORETTI s ,UDOVIC -ARCOTTE 0AUL "ARRY s 0AUL -C+ENNEY s $AVE 4AYLOR s $IRK %LMENDORF s *USTIN 2YAN s !DAM -ONSEN President Carlie Fairchild [email protected] Publisher Mark Irgang [email protected] Associate Publisher John Grogan [email protected] Director of Digital Experience Katherine Druckman [email protected] Accountant Candy Beauchamp [email protected] Linux Journal is published by, and is a registered trade name of, Belltown Media, Inc. PO Box 980985, Houston, TX 77098 USA Editorial Advisory Panel Nick Baronian Kalyana Krishna Chadalavada "RIAN #ONNER s +EIR $AVIS -ICHAEL %AGER s 6ICTOR 'REGORIO $AVID ! ,ANE s 3TEVE -ARQUEZ $AVE -C!LLISTER s 4HOMAS 1UINLAN Chris D. Stark Advertising % -!),: [email protected] URL: www.linuxjournal.com/advertising 0(/.% EXT Subscriptions % -!),: [email protected] URL: www.linuxjournal.com/subscribe MAIL: PO Box 980985, Houston, TX 77098 USA LINUX is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. LJ251-March2015.indd 6 2/19/15 9:21 AM LJ251-March2015.indd 7 2/19/15 9:21 AM Current_Issue.tar.gz Putting Out SHAWN POWERS Fires and Designing Fire- Proof Buildings ystem administration is a very and ever-changing field. This general term. It’s our job to month, we learn how to be better S fix problems, repair systems at our jobs, even if the measure of and remind people to try power “success” is constantly fluctuating. cycling their troubled desktops. Dave Taylor starts off this issue with We are also responsible for a continuation of his script-based creating systems that don’t develop card game. Designing games with problems, need fewer repairs and Dave is a great way to become better run without being power cycled. In shell scripters, and so in a very real an ideal world, system administrators sense, we can justify playing games would work themselves out of a at work. Kyle Rankin follows Dave job in short order. Thankfully (or with a nerdier sort of game: trying unfortunately?), that’s not how it to replace the proprietary BIOS on goes. We always have problems a ThinkPad with Libreboot. Coreboot to fix, and there’s always a better is an open-source BIOS replacement, way to do what we’re doing. Thus, and Libreboot goes a step further system administration is a vibrant by stripping out all the proprietary code. If you think having a free V VIDEO: BIOS with built-in GRUB sounds Shawn Powers runs interesting, you’ll want to check out through the latest issue. Kyle’s column this month. 8 / MARCH 2015 / WWW.LINUXJOURNAL.COM LJ251-March2015.indd 8 2/19/15 9:21 AM CURRENT_ISSUE.TAR.GZ My personal contribution to the article. Once you understand systemd, System Administration issue is Charles Fisher follows up with a great something I find to be more useful tutorial on using the new init system than I ever expected. Android tablets to create powerful and lightweight are convenient for things like Wi-Fi virtual containers utilizing systemd sniffing, but they are often unwieldy FOR INITIALIZATION &OR STUBBORN 3YS6 to carry around. My solution is to lovers like myself, it’s great to read convert a cheap pre-paid cell phone some information on the advantages into a tiny, pocket-size tablet. If you systemd might offer. already have an Android phone, it Doc Searls closes out our issue with might be redundant, but for me, a a new look at the 15-year-old Cluetrain $20 tablet was too hard to pass up. In Manifesto. If you’re a fan of the Locke, my column, I give you all the details. Levine, Weinberger and Searls project, Puppet is an incredible tool for you’ll want to read what’s happening managing the system configurations of with New Clues today. multiple nodes. Scott Lackey describes If it weren’t for the modern a great tool we can use to store site- technological world we live in, system specific data more efficiently (and administration wouldn’t even exist! securely). Hiera is a key/value lookup Thankfully (or again, unfortunately?), tool that integrates directly with our world is getting more and more Puppet and makes a great tool even technological every day. The need better. If you want to have a clear for system administrators and their separation between your sensitive data tools are more in demand than ever and the Puppet system that uses it, before, and this issue of Linux Journal or if you want to save time by reusing was written to educate, inform and common data, Hiera is a tool any even entertain those of us in the Puppet admin will want to check out. digital trenches. We hope you enjoy Jonas Gorauskas gives us a history this issue as much as we enjoyed of systemd. Whether you love the putting it together!Q new initialization system, or think it’s a terrible implementation of a Shawn Powers is the Associate Editor for Linux Journal. horrible idea, systemd is here to He’s also the Gadget Guy for LinuxJournal.com, and he has stay—at least for a while. If you’ve an interesting collection of vintage Garfield coffee mugs. ever been curious how we got Don’t let his silly hairdo fool you, he’s a pretty ordinary guy FROM SIMPLE INIT SCRIPTS TO 3YS6 AND and can be reached via e-mail at [email protected]. beyond, you’ll want to read Jonas’ Or, swing by the #linuxjournal IRC channel on Freenode.net.
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