DOCSLIB.ORG

The University of Hull the United Arab Emirates

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The University of Hull the United Arab Emirates THE UNIVERSITY OF HULL THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES AND ITS EDUCATION: SELECTED THEMES AND ISSUES WITH REFERENCE TO THE 'SMALL COUNTRY' CONTEXT being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Hull by Michael Ivor Biggs, MEd (Hull) May, 1995 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF MAPS, FIGURES AND TABLES ABBREVIATIONS AND USE OF WORDS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PART I: A CONTEXTUAL AND CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW SECTION A: A Conceptual Overview of the Study Chapter One Introduction 1 Chapter Two A Framework of National Smallness 15 SECTION B: A Contextual Overview of the United Arab Emirates Chapter Three The United Arab Emirates: a general background 47 - A Geographical Overview of the Area 48 - An Historical Overview of the Area 65 Chapter Four An Overview of the Evolution and Development of Educational Provision in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates 92 PART II: INFLUENCES, ATTITUDES AND TRENDS THAT HAVE SHAPED EDUCATION IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: A MALE ORIENTATED SOCIETY Chapter Five Changing Educational Priorities: quantitative indicators and qualitative considerations 148 Chapter Six Attitudinal Influences and Inertias 202 Chapter Seven Demographic Imbalance and Manpower Issues: human resources 246 PART III: APPLYING A SMALL COUNTRY PERSPECTIVE TO THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Chapter Eight Applying a Small Country Perspective to the United Arab Emirates 296 Bibliography 339 iii LIST OF MAPS, FIGURES AND TABLES MAPS: 3.1 The Middle East 49 3.2 The United Arab Emirates 51 3.3 The United Arab Emirates: internal boundaries 56 FIGURES: 5.1 Organisation of the Education System in the United Arab Emirates, 1995 172 5.2 Organisation of the Ministry of Education in the United Arab Emirates, 1988 173 7.1 Government Organisation in Abu Dhabi as of July 1970 260 7.2 Government Organisation in Dubai as of July 1970 261 7.3 Government Organisation in Sharjah as of July 1970 261 TABLES: 3.1 Area and Population of the UAE by Emirate 57 3.2 Dates of Discovery and First Shipment of Oil in the Lower Gulf 57 3.3 Trucial States Development Office Income, 1965-1970 75 3.4 Trucial States Council Development Expenditure for Various Periods by Major Development Programmes 75 4.1 Expansion of Educational Provision in the Northern Emirates, 1953/54 to 1969/70 99 4.2 Weekly Scheme of Work, Kuwait, circa 1956 104 4.3 Expansion of Educational Provision in Abu Dhabi, 1960/61 to 1969/70 108 4.4 Teachers According to Donor Country, Northern Emirates, 1970-71 111 4.5 Teachers According to Sex and Nationality, Abu Dhabi, 1970-71 111 5.1 The Expansion of State Educational Provision in the Trucial States/ United Arab Emirates: Kindergarten, Primary, Preparatory and Secondary Stages, 1953 to 1992 149 5.2 Development of Formal State Educational Provision in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates, 1950-1990 150 iv 5.3 Growth of Student Enrolment in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates as a Percentage of the Total Population, 1970-1991 150 5.4 Growth of Male Student Enrolment in the Trucial States/ United Arab Emirates as a Percentage of the Total Male Population, 1970-1991 151 5.5 Growth of Female Student Enrolment in the Trucial States/ United Arab Emirates as a Percentage of the Total Female Population, 1970-1991 , 151 5.6 Growth of Private Schools in the United Arab Emirates as a Percentage of the Total Provision, 1975 to 1992 157 5.7 Growth of Private Educational Provision in the United Arab Emirates Shown as a Percentage of the Total Enrolment, 1985 to 1992 158 5.8 Growth of Private Educational Provision in the United Arab Emirates Shown as a Percentage of the Total Provision in Terms of Teachers and Administrators, 1985 to 1992 158 5.9 Comparison of Weekly Scheme of Work, circa 1971, 1976177, 1988/89, Primary Stage 177 5.10 Comparison of Weekly Scheme of Work, circa 1971, 1976/77, 1988/89, Preparatory Stage 178 5.11 Comparison of Weekly Scheme of Work, circa 1971, 1976/77, 1988/89, Secondary Stage 179 5.12 Examination Failure or Pass (Promotion to the Next Level). Shown as Total Failure Figures for all Levels of the Compulsory State Education in the United Arab Emirates, 1986/87-1990/91 195 5.13 Examination Failure or Pass (Promotion to the Next Level). Shown as a Percentage of Total Male or Female Enrolment, Compulsory State Education in the United Arab Emirates, 1986/87-1990/91 195 6.1 Tribal Population of the Trucial States by Emirate and Tribe, 1968 210 6.2 Relationship Between Land Mass and Population, 1968 212 6.3 Indigenous (Tribal) Population as a Percentage of Total Population, 1968 212 V 7.1 Population Growth in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates, 1965-1991 248 7.2 Population Growth in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates. Females as a Percentage of the Total Population, 1968-1991 248 vi ABBREVIATIONS AND USE OF WORDS BD Bahrani Dinar Dh. UAE Dirham G CC Gulf Cooperation Council GCS Gulf City States GNP Gross National Product HCT Higher College of Technology HCTs Higher Colleges of Technology R&D Research and Development UAE United Arab Emirates , UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UPE Universal Primary Education The following words are used regularly throughout this thesis and are interchangeable: National, local: refers to the indigenous people. State, emirate: refers to the individual emirate. Collectively they make up the UAE. United Arab Emirates, UAE, the Emirates, the Federation, the country: all refer to the present day UAE. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to extend my thanks to all of those people who have assisted me in various ways during the course of this research. Firstly, I would like to thank Dr. David Smawfield who stimulated my initial interest in the area of small countries and for directing earlier academic study. To His Excellency Dr. Sulaiman, the Ambassador of the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates in London, who afforded me the facilities of the Embassy Library. To Jana Buresova, the Embassy's librarian, whose knowledge and generous assistance in the early stages of my research was important for this study. To the staff of the University of Hull's Brynmor Jones Library who have always been helpful. To the Ministry of Education in Dubai. To Dr. Colin Brock, my initial supervisor, for his support and encouragement and for allowing me the freedom to develop my research and also for his guidance on the format in which my research should be presented. To Dr. Brian Spence for accepting supervision of me on Colin's retirement from the University and for his support and encouragement, particularly in helping me to pull the thesis together ready for presentation. To my parents for their support and encouragement. To Lynda's parents for their support, sadly, my father-in-law will not see the final work. Finally, and, most importantly, to my wife Lynda for her support, encouragement and for her understanding throughout the long hours I spent researching and writing this thesis. For her endless cups of coffee, for listening to my thoughts and for proofing my sometimes 'creative' use of English. Thank you. 1 PART ONE A CONTEXTUAL AND CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW 2 PART ONE A: A CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION The United Arab Emirates In less than two decades the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has evolved from abject poverty and a subsistence economy into a modern well serviced federation. The spectacular growth and impressive achievement in the UAE's development have passed relatively unnoticed by the rest of the world. The commercial world, understandably, has seen it as a market place for their products and services in the last ten years but only recently has any academic interest started to stir. On the whole this is a result of entrepreneurial institutions searching for new markets to expand into as their own area suffers recession. But generally, although the UAE can influence the world economy through its tremendous oil reserves and wealth, it has only gained international recognition through its own active self-promotion. The UAE, a federation of seven small sheikhdoms/emirates i , was inaugurated on December 2, 1971 as the British government terminated its treaties with the Trucial States 2. Original discussions on the formation of the federation included the small neighbouring emirates of Bahrain and Qatar, however, they decided to pursue their own autonomous destinies rather than join the federal experiment. Surrounded by large, powerful and influential countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Iraq, the oil producing UAE is strategically located at the entrance to the Arabian Gulf at the Strait of Hormuz. It is, therefore, of important to the industrialised West and this guarantees certain attention and support from the oil dependent industrial superpowers as was witnessed in the recent invasion of its small neighbour Kuwait by Iraq and the consequent Gulf War 3. The rapid process of modernisation in the UAE was fuelled by the discovery of 3 oil and its attendant wealth. However, the wealth has been centred around the major oil producing emirate of Abu Dhabi, the federal capital, and its neighbouring emirate of Dubai. The other emirates have enjoyed a benevolent 'trickle down' effect of the wealth through the mechanisms of the federation and, to some extent, through servicing the needs of their developing neighbours. Importantly, not all of the emirates are oil producers and internal dominance by certain emirates can be noted. The importance of education in the United Arab Emirates On the inauguration of the United Arab Emirates and throughout the process of development the federal government has afforded education an important role.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY of the STATE of QATAR ______TABLE of CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1
    CASE CONCERNING MARITIME DELIMITATION AND TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS BETWEEN QATAR AND BAHRAIN (QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY OF THE STATE OF QATAR _____________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1. Qatar's Case and Structure of Qatar's Reply Section 2. Deficiencies in Bahrain's Written Pleadings Section 3. Bahrain's Continuing Violations of the Status Quo PART II - THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER II - THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF QATAR Section 1. The Overall Geographical Context Section 2. The Emergence of the Al-Thani as a Political Force in Qatar Section 3. Relations between the Al-Thani and Nasir bin Mubarak Section 4. The 1913 and 1914 Conventions Section 5. The 1916 Treaty Section 6. Al-Thani Authority throughout the Peninsula of Qatar was consolidated long before the 1930s Section 7. The Map Evidence CHAPTER III - THE EXTENT OF THE TERRITORY OF BAHRAIN Section 1. Bahrain from 1783 to 1868 Section 2. Bahrain after 1868 PART III - THE HAWAR ISLANDS AND OTHER TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS CHAPTER IV - THE HAWAR ISLANDS Section 1. Introduction: The Territorial Integrity of Qatar and Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 2. Proximity and Qatar's Title to the Hawar Islands Section 3. The Extensive Map Evidence supporting Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 4. The Lack of Evidence for Bahrain's Claim to have exercised Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands from the 18th Century to the Present Day Section 5. The Bahrain and Qatar Oil Concession Negotiations between 1925 and 1939 and the Events Leading to the Reversal of British Recognition of Hawar as part of Qatar Section 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 1 Comprehensive International Points List
    Table 1 Comprehensive International Points List FCC ITU-T Country Region Dialing FIPS Comments, including other 1 Code Plan Code names commonly used Abu Dhabi 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Aden 5 967 YE include with Yemen Admiralty Islands 7 675 PP include with Papua New Guinea (Bismarck Arch'p'go.) Afars and Assas 1 253 DJ Report as 'Djibouti' Afghanistan 2 93 AF Ajman 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area 9 44 AX include with United Kingdom Al Fujayrah 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Aland 9 358 FI Report as 'Finland' Albania 4 355 AL Alderney 9 44 GK Guernsey (Channel Islands) Algeria 1 213 AG Almahrah 5 967 YE include with Yemen Andaman Islands 2 91 IN include with India Andorra 9 376 AN Anegada Islands 3 1 VI include with Virgin Islands, British Angola 1 244 AO Anguilla 3 1 AV Dependent territory of United Kingdom Antarctica 10 672 AY Includes Scott & Casey U.S. bases Antigua 3 1 AC Report as 'Antigua and Barbuda' Antigua and Barbuda 3 1 AC Antipodes Islands 7 64 NZ include with New Zealand Argentina 8 54 AR Armenia 4 374 AM Aruba 3 297 AA Part of the Netherlands realm Ascension Island 1 247 SH Ashmore and Cartier Islands 7 61 AT include with Australia Atafu Atoll 7 690 TL include with New Zealand (Tokelau) Auckland Islands 7 64 NZ include with New Zealand Australia 7 61 AS Australian External Territories 7 672 AS include with Australia Austria 9 43 AU Azerbaijan 4 994 AJ Azores 9 351 PO include with Portugal Bahamas, The 3 1 BF Bahrain 5 973 BA Balearic Islands 9 34 SP include
    [Show full text]
  • So Close, So Far. National Identity and Political Legitimacy in UAE-Oman Border Cities
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Research Exeter So Close, So Far. National Identity and Political Legitimacy in UAE-Oman Border Cities Marc VALERI University of Exeter This manuscript is the version revised after peer-review and accepted for publication. This manuscript has been published and is available in Geopolitics: Date of publication: 26 December 2017 DOI: 10.1080/14650045.2017.1410794 Webpage: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14650045.2017.1410794 1 Introduction Oman-United Arab Emirates border, Thursday 5 May 2016 early morning. As it has been the case for years on long weekends and holidays, endless queues of cars from Oman are waiting to cross the border in order to flock to Dubai for Isra’ and Miraj break 1 and enjoy attractions and entertainment that their country does not seem to offer. Major traffic congestions are taking place in the Omani city of al-Buraymi separated from the contiguous United Arab Emirates city of al-Ayn by the international border. Many border cities are contiguous urban areas which have been ‘dependent on the border for [their] existence’ or even ‘came into existence because of the border’. 2 Usually once military outposts (Eilat/Aqaba, on the Israel-Jordan border 3), they developed on either side of a long established border (Niagara Falls cities, on the Canada-USA border) after a border had been drawn (Tornio, on the Sweden-Finland border; 4 cities on the Mexico-USA and China- Russia 5 borders). Furthermore, split-up cities which were partitioned after World War II, including in Central Europe (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: PARTICIPANT PERCEPTIONS IN THE [XXXX] PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM By SARAH BOND A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2013 1 © 2013 Sarah Bond 2 To my family – thank you for giving me strong roots and wings, and for supporting me throughout this journey 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like my committee chair, Dr. Bernard Oliver, for his guidance, patience, insight, and humor during the process of writing this dissertation. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Drs. Linda Eldridge, Alyson Adams, and Eileen Oliver. Dr. Linda Behar-Horenstein’s feedback and support during the early part of this process was invaluable. Additionally, I would like to thank Dr. Kathleen George for helping me to believe in myself and Drs. James Brock and Myra Mendible for showing me how to get started. I would also like to thank H.E. Dr. Mugheer Al Khaili, Director General of the Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC), and the leadership at ADEC. Support from the ADEC Research Office, the School Operations sector, and Danielle Montes from the Professional Development Division made this work possible. I am grateful to my family and friends for their love and support, particularly my parents, Haydn Thomas and Anne Hawkins, and my two amazing grandmothers, C. Louise Thomas and Velma Williams. I would also like to thank Robert Hawkins, John and Jennifer Yuhascheck, Kate Thomas, Eric Hawkins, and the Bond family.
    [Show full text]
  • Y-Chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation
    The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation By Jasem Bader Theyab M.A., University of Kansas, 2010 Copyright 2013 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Anthropology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford ________________________________ Dr. Majid Hannoum ________________________________ Dr. Deborah Smith ________________________________ Dr. Bartholomew C. Dean ________________________________ Dr. John Kelly Date Defended: May 28, 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Jasem Bader Theyab certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford Date approved: May 31, 2013 ii Abstract Recent studies applying multidisciplinary approaches suggest that the Anatomically Modern Homo sapiens (AMHS) passed through the Arabian Peninsula in their major diaspora out of Africa. The Arabian Peninsula is connected to three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. In addition to the major diaspora, the Arabian Peninsula has witnessed numerous migrations among the three continents. The populations of the Arabian Peninsula have been investigated to better understand their evolutionary history. This dissertation investigated the paternal genetic structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island populations using 15 loci Y-STR data. In addition, the maternal genetic structure of Failaka Island has been investigated using mtDNA HVS-I sequence data. This is the first genetic study to characterize Failaka Island population. The result showed that the Kuwaiti population has a high frequency of Y- haplogroup J1 (37%) similar to other Arabian populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Unsettling State: Non-Citizens, State Power
    UNSETTLING STATE: NON-CITIZENS, STATE POWER AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES by Noora Anwar Lori A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Baltimore, Maryland October, 2013 ABSTRACT: This dissertation examines the development and enforcement of citizenship and immigration policies in the United Arab Emirates in order to revisit an enduring puzzle in comparative politics: why are resource-rich states resiliently authoritarian? The dominant explanation for the ‘oil curse’ assumes that authoritarianism emerges because regimes ‘purchase’ the political acquiescence of their citizens by redistributing rents. However, prior to the redistribution of rents comes the much more fundamental question of who will be included in the group of beneficiaries. I argue that oil facilitates the creation of authoritarian power structures because when political elites gain control over fixed assets, they can more effectively erect high barriers to political incorporation. By combining stringent citizenship policies with temporary worker programs, political elites develop their resources while concentrating the redistribution of assets to a very small percentage of the total population. In the UAE, this policy combination has been so effective that non-citizens now comprise 96 percent of the domestic labor force. The boundaries of the UAE’s citizenry became increasingly stringent as oil production was converted into revenue in the 1960s. Since oil reserves are unevenly distributed across the emirates, the political elites who signed concessions with successful oil prospectors have since monopolized control over the composition of the citizenry. As a result, domestic minorities who were previously incorporated by smaller emirates who did not discover oil have since been excluded from the citizenry.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism in the Gulf States
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Research Online Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States Nationalism in the Gulf States Neil Partrick October 2009 Number 5 The Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States is a ten year multidisciplinary global programme. It focuses on topics such as globalisation, economic development, diversification of and challenges facing resource rich economies, trade relations between the Gulf States and major trading partners, energy trading, security and migration. The Programme primarily studies the six states that comprise the Gulf Cooperation Council – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. However, it also adopts a more flexible and broader conception when the interests of research require that key regional and international actors, such as Yemen, Iraq, Iran, as well as its interconnections with Russia, China and India, be considered. The Programme is hosted in LSE’s interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Global Governance, and led by Professor David Held, co- director of the Centre. It supports post-doctoral researchers and PhD students, develops academic networks between LSE and Gulf institutions, and hosts a regular Gulf seminar series at the LSE, as well as major biennial conferences in Kuwait and London. The Programme is funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences. www.lse.ac.uk/LSEKP/ Nationalism in the Gulf States Research Paper, Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States Dr Neil Partrick American University of Sharjah United Arab Emirates [email protected] Copyright © Neil Partrick 2009 The right of Neil Partrick to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Rentierism and Political Culture in the United Arab Emirates the Case of Uaeu Students
    RENTIERISM AND POLITICAL CULTURE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES THE CASE OF UAEU STUDENTS Submitted by Marta Saldaña Martín, to the University of Exeter as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Middle East Politics, June 2014. (Under dual supervision with Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) Supervisors: Dr. Marc Valeri & Dr. Ana I. Planet Contreras This dissertation is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this dissertation which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature)………………………………………………. 1 Abstract This dissertation discusses United Arab Emirates (UAE) state-society relations in historical perspective; analyses qualitatively the Emirati political culture; examines how the latter affects governmental policies in the UAE; and evaluates both qualitatively and quantitatively the political orientations and values of the Emirati educated youth. Through a discussion of existing theoretical and conceptual approaches, and the observation of the UAE case study, it argues that an important and overlooked dimension among students of state-society relations in authoritarian rentier states is citizens’ political culture, which should nonetheless be examined within a more integrative framework of analysis. Accordingly, this study employs a refined version of the holistic ‘state-in-society’ approach (Kamrava, 2008), in combination with rentier state theory (RST) and the political culture perspective (Almond & Verba, 1963), to qualitatively discuss the general Emirati political culture (agency/input), and assess how the latter affects governmental performance/policies (output); and to evaluate, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the political culture of the educated Emirati youth as the main potential supporters or opponents (agency/input) of the ruling elite.
    [Show full text]
  • University of London Oman and the West
    University of London Oman and the West: State Formation in Oman since 1920 A thesis submitted to the London School of Economics and Political Science in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Francis Carey Owtram 1999 UMI Number: U126805 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U126805 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 bLOSiL ZZLL d ABSTRACT This thesis analyses the external and internal influences on the process of state formation in Oman since 1920 and places this process in comparative perspective with the other states of the Gulf Cooperation Council. It considers the extent to which the concepts of informal empire and collaboration are useful in analysing the relationship between Oman, Britain and the United States. The theoretical framework is the historical materialist paradigm of International Relations. State formation in Oman since 1920 is examined in a historical narrative structured by three themes: (1) the international context of Western involvement, (2) the development of Western strategic interests in Oman and (3) their economic, social and political impact on Oman.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 8 • Number 17 • June 2017 ISSN 1729-9039 Liwa Journal of the National Archives
    Volume 8 • Number 17 • June 2017 ISSN 1729-9039 Liwa Journal of the National Archives Editor-In-Chief Dr. Abdulla M. Al Raisi Director General of the National Archives Deputy Editor-In-Chief Majid Sultan Al Mehairi Managing Editor Dr. L. Usra Soffan Editorial Board Dr. Jayanti Maitra Farhan Al Marzooqi Saeed Al Suwaidi Gregory Keith Iverson, Ph.D. Editorial Secretary Nouf Salem Al Junaibi Design & Layout Makkai Noordheen National Archives, 2017 © Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates The Editor of theLiwa Journal (ISSN 1729-9039) invites the submission of original and unpublished scholarly articles in English and Arabic related to archaeology, history and heritage of the UAE and the Arabian Gulf region. Manuscripts and all other correspondences concerning ‘Liwa’ should be addressed to: [email protected] Books sent for review in the Journal cannot be returned. For more details about ‘Liwa’ and subscriptions, access www.na.ae The views expressed in this issue are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board or the National Archives. Printed in the National Archives Printing Press LiwaJournal of the National Archives Volume 8 • Number 17 • June 2017 1 Contents Sheikh Khalid Bin Sultan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (1906-1977) Shamsa Hamad Al Abd Al Dhaheri 3 Researcher, Zayed Centre for Studies and Research Establishment of Electrical Services in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi Prior to the Formation of the UAE 25 Aisha Saeed Al Qaidi Researcher 2 3 Sheikh Khalid Bin Sultan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (1906-1977) Deputy Ruler of Abu Dhabi Shamsa Hamad Al Abd Al Dhaheri Sheikh Khalid Bin Sultan Bin Zayed Bin Khalifa Bin Shakhbut Bin Dhiyab Bin Issa Bin Nahyan Bin Falah, the first to hold the office of Deputy Ruler of Abu Dhabi in 1966, was well known for his extraordinary benevolence and contribution to and understanding of the welfare of the region, in general, and the Abu Dhabi community, in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • United Arab Emirates: What Makes an Effective Teacher?
    United Arab Emirates: What makes an effective teacher? SERIES 4 OF 23 Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................2 Overview ......................................7 What We Learned .....................14 What Surprised Us ....................35 What Our Findings Mean .........40 Sources .......................................44 Appendix ....................................47 Executive Summary Executive Summary Katherine McKnight, PhD Pearson Jessica Yarbro, The quality of an education system Lacey Graybeal, & cannot exceed the quality of its teachers. John Graybeal, George Mason University BARBER & MOURSHED, 2007 Decades of research make it clear: teachers make a difference in Acknowledgements student learning. In fact, Stanford University economist Eric Hanushek (1992) has noted that the difference between a good and a bad Special thanks to Sue teacher can be a full level of achievement in a single school year. Given Mainey, Amanda Collins, the strength of these findings, nations around the world recognize Mariam Ghaziri and Katie that in order to improve educational outcomes and equity they must Miller of Pearson Middle focus on effectiveness of teachers. A critical step toward achieving that East for their support of goal is for individual countries to identify the competencies required and feedback for this work. for effectiveness and use them to inform teaching standards, pre- service teacher preparation, professional development programs We would also like to and performance evaluations. To make an impact, those systems
    [Show full text]
  • Ataglance.Pdf
    Undertaken with support and assistance of the National Media Council. This book forms part of a multimedia publishing programme involving publication of the UAE Yearbook in English, French and Arabic printed and electronic editions; management of UAE Interact (www.uaeinteract.com), which contains news updates linked to pages of the UAEYearbook; publication of UAE at a Glance, which summarises main data on the UAE; and production of a DVD containing films and e-books on the UAE. The publishers wish to acknowledge and thank the National Media Council for their valuable encouragement and support for this multifaceted project. Editors Ibrahim Al Abed Paula Vine Peter Hellyer Peter Vine Text copyright ©2008: Trident Press Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form without the written permission of the copyright holder. Applications should be addressed to the publisher. Photographs ©: Trident Press Ltd, Getty Images, Gulf Images, Gulf News, Emirates News Agency (WAM), Corbis, Digital Vision, H. & J. Eriksen, R. Codrai, P.Vine, R. Newman, BP Photographic Archive, Pitt Rivers, EAD, HCT,TDIC, Plan Abu Dhabi 2030 English edition design and typesetting: James Kelly Layout copyright ©2008: Trident Press Ltd This book contains information available at the time of printing. Whilst every effort has been taken to achieve accuracy, the publishers cannot accept any liability for consequences arising from the use of information contained in this book. Statistics are based on available sources and are not necessarily official or endorsed by the UAE Government. Published by Trident Press Ltd 175 Piccadilly, Mayfair, London WIJ 9TB For further information please contact: Tel: 020 7491 8770 National Media Council, Fax: 020 7491 8664 PO Box 3790, E-mail: [email protected] Abu Dhabi Website: www.tridentpress.com United Arab Emirates Tel: 009712 4452922 Fax: 009712 4450458 E-mail: [email protected] British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data: A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
    [Show full text]