The New Zork Times Atmosphere VOL

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The New Zork Times Atmosphere VOL ® “All the Gnus Weather: State of the That Fit, We Print” The New Zork Times atmosphere VOL. IV....No. 4 —FALL 1985— INTERFLUVIAL EDITION SPELLBREAKER IS HERE! The Exciting Conclusion to the Enchanter Trilogy In a world founded on magic, guildmaster has been turned into an sorcerers rule the land, creating the amphibian! All, that is, but your- spells needed to do everything from self... and a shadowy cloaked figure making bread to taming wild who slips quietly out the door. animals. Your position as a leader of Thus begins Spellbreaker, the the Circle of Enchanters has earned riveting conclusion to Infocom's you respect from all others in the Enchanter series (including En- kingdom. chanter and Sorcerer™) and the final But now a crisis has fallen. Magic chapter in the story of a magician's itself seems to be failing. Spells go rise from novice to mage. strangely awry or cease to work Spellbreaker was written by Dave altogether. The populace is becom- Lebling, co-author of the Zork® ing restive, and rumblings are heard concerning Enchanters. Marathon: p. 2 A great conclave is held, con- vening all the guildmasters in the trilogy and Enchanter and author of A Frobozz Magic Magic Equipment Catalog, an Enchanter’s Guild pin, and land. One by one, they step forward, Starcross® and Suspect™. According six Enchanter trading cards are included in every Spellbreaker package. describing the devastating effects of to Lebling, "You don't have to have the diminished magic. Beer tastes played the other games in our fantasy such as allowing you to add some will find their skills tested by the like grue bathwater, pastries are thick series in order to enjoy this one, words to the already large vocabu- most challenging puzzles ever and greasy, huntsmen are unable to although that makes it more fun. lary. concocted by Infocom. control wild beasts. People who have played Enchanter Although Spellbreaker is an Each Spellbreaker package Suddenly, in the midst of a and Sorcerer will find familiar expert-level game, it's very non- includes a copy of the Frobozz discourse on the difficulty of writing moments, and lots of things you linear, giving you plenty of geogra- Magic Magic Equipment Catalog poetry without magical help on the found in the Zork series are in here." phy and paraphernalia to enjoy (Special Crisis Edition), a mystical rhymes, the Guildmaster of the Poets There are more characters than in without having to actually solve all Enchanter's Guild pin, and a set of undergoes a bizarre transformation. Enchanter and Sorcerer, each with a the puzzles. Less-experienced Enchanter trading cards. It will retail Looking in shock around the room, distinct personality. Spellbreaker players can still have fun exploring for $49.95 for most systems. you find that each and every also contains technical innovations, the environment, while crackerjacks greedy wizard Malifestro. The book children." (Don't panic yet ... is vaguely interactive in the sense Infocom has a smaller following than Zork Banned! that the reader is given options which Jim Jones, the Hari Krishnas, or will affect the outcome of the Reverend Moon! O.K., scratch As we sit in Steve's office planning off the phone in a huff. I understand. story — it's a "pick-a-path" book. As Reverend Moon, but definitely the fate of Europe for the next few We have decisions to make. Wars to with Zork I, the reader (player?) runs smaller than either of the other two.) years, Steve and I have little concern fight. Countries to conquer. the risk of having his or her throat When asked to comment on the about developments in the New Diplomacy® is a time-consuming cut with a stiletto. What Ms. Leary proposed ban, Meretzky said that at World, especially not about business. It was a good thing it missed is that just like the games, least Leary, who calls herself a grumblings in a small town on a wasn't my boss on the phone. I have you can restart the book and come up "kamikaze for Jesus," is not so skimpy piece of land on something no business in Meretzky's office! with a better decision on your second fanatical about removing Darwin called "The Cape." Just as I convince When the May 16th issue of The pass. from the schools. Leary, in Steve to not invade Belgium in Register (a small newspaper serving In the words of The Register, "She kamikaze-like fashion, said, "I will exchange for some foggy city in a few towns on Cape Cop) landed on sees the relationship between fight this book with my dying England, the phone rings. Steve my desk, I learned who the disgrun- violence in the book and violence breath." Meretzky is quick to deny answers the phone. Some disgruntled tled customer was. Jan Leary was, in coming from kids as fact, not just a the rumor that upon uttering these person is calling from the New fact, not a customer at all. She was a possibility." Her son had purchased words, Leary was enveloped in a World, the Cape specifically (a town parent who was very concerned the book at a school fair; Leary has cloud of sinister black fog... Leary, called South Dennis), and temporar- about the subject matter of a book by since approached the school to ban however, mysteriously couldn't be ily ensnares Steve in an argument. I Steve called Zork: The Malifestro the book from its library and future reached for comment. (She probably note that Steve seems disturbed by Quest. The book, loosely based on fairs, purporting that "such reading has since discovered Zork I and is what sounds like a complaining the Zork empire, has two heroes promotes demonic worship and having trouble getting into the customer wasting his time. He gets trying to save the empire from the glorifies violence for school house!) PAGE 2 THE NEW ZORK TIMES FALL 1985 socket. >ASK MONICA ABOUT LOVE Call the Exterminator Floyd was so eager to please that "That's between Mother and me." he would get the shiny fromitz board for you over and over and over.... Even with our intensive testing, water jug filled. As long as you have If you thought you had escaped the Infidel some bugs manage to slip through some water in it, you can refill it to mutants and pressed the elevator Remember the famous container our Quality Control Department. In the brim by saying TAKE WATER, button at the bottom of the shaft, you bug from Zork I? Well, it's in Infidel. past issues of the NZT we listed no matter where you are. That's a were probably surprised when the Try putting the knapsack in the silver some of those bugs for the Zork pretty neat variation on the decanter elevator door closed just as the chalice and vice-versa. They both series, Starcross, Deadline®, of endless water. mutants were about to reach it. disappear. This bug will not be in Sorcerer, Infidel®, and Planetfall®. (Mutants are almost as ubiquitous as any future Infocom games (or so our We received a tremendous response grues ... or bugs.) Sorcerer testing department promises). from our NZT readers, who reported For you magicians, if you want to If you put the beam in the niches bugs that they had found. Here are finish the game with all the points, and then go back to the barge and some more embarrassing (and some- ® don't open the chest with the rezrov The Witness say GET BEAM, you fall into a pit times hilarious) bugs from our spell. You won't get the 15 points For those of you who like to drink, of rats (oops). Those pesty rat pits releases, as reported by our outside you should get if you had opened it you can GET A DRINK anywhere, seem to be everywhere. bug hunters. the mundane way. including outside the house. For the mathematically inclined, Note of warning: if you haven't In earlier versions, gaspar didn't An old bug that was fixed were try calculating the weight of the finished one of the games below, you work properly in the Coal Mine. places and objects you could get into beam assuming a density equal to might not want to read the associated Also, you could re-create any scroll but could not get back out of. If you that of water. (See the end of the paragraphs. by typing TAKE THE AIMFIZ got into the shower or the broken article for the answer, Hercules.) SCROLL (for example). These bugs window and then tried to get out, the For Wendy's fans, you can ask the Enchanter have been fixed. program just told you that you would question: WHERE'S THE BEEF? If If you send the turtle into the For those careless few who got do better to stand up (thinking you you're lucky, you'll get the response temple, the game acts as if you had their spell books wet (a definite were in the wooden chair). "It's right here!" Take that, competi- gone in instead, and you end up no-no with gnusto-sensitive paper), Here's an interesting series of tors! dying. The ASPCA must have did you notice that the scrolls that responses: Here's an embarrassing contradic- slipped that one in the game to give got wet weren't ruined? If we can tory description. With the water in some protection to turtles. track down the formula for that batch >MAKE LOVE TO MONICA the silver chalice type: FILL If you guncho the magic rope that of scroll paper, we could make a SILVER CHALICE WITH WATER.
Recommended publications
  • SPELLBREAKER IS HERE! the Exciting Conclusion to the Enchanter Trilogy
    ® “All the Gnus Weather: State of the That Fit, We Print” The New Zork Times atmosphere VOL. IV....No. 4 —FALL 1985— INTERFLUVIAL EDITION SPELLBREAKER IS HERE! The Exciting Conclusion to the Enchanter Trilogy In a world founded on magic, guildmaster has been turned into an sorcerers rule the land, creating the amphibian! All, that is, but your- spells needed to do everything from self... and a shadowy cloaked figure making bread to taming wild who slips quietly out the door. animals. Your position as a leader of Thus begins Spellbreaker, the the Circle of Enchanters has earned riveting conclusion to Infocom's you respect from all others in the Enchanter series (including En- kingdom. chanter and Sorcerer™) and the final But now a crisis has fallen. Magic chapter in the story of a magician's itself seems to be failing. Spells go rise from novice to mage. strangely awry or cease to work Spellbreaker was written by Dave altogether. The populace is becom- Lebling, co-author of the Zork® ing restive, and rumblings are heard concerning Enchanters. Marathon: p. 2 A great conclave is held, con- vening all the guildmasters in the trilogy and Enchanter and author of A Frobozz Magic Magic Equipment Catalog, an Enchanter’s Guild pin, and land. One by one, they step forward, Starcross® and Suspect™. According six Enchanter trading cards are included in every Spellbreaker package. describing the devastating effects of to Lebling, "You don't have to have the diminished magic. Beer tastes played the other games in our fantasy such as allowing you to add some will find their skills tested by the like grue bathwater, pastries are thick series in order to enjoy this one, words to the already large vocabu- most challenging puzzles ever and greasy, huntsmen are unable to although that makes it more fun.
    [Show full text]
  • The Craft of the Adventure
    The Craft of the Adventure Five articles on the design of adventure games Second edition 1 Intro duction :: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: ::2 2 In The Beginning ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: ::: 3 3 Bill of Player's Rights : ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: :7 4 A Narrative... ::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :: 12 5 ...AtWar With a Crossword : : :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: :: 21 6 Varnish and Veneer : ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: :::: ::: :::: ::: :::: ::32 1 1 Intro duction 1 Intro duction Skill without imagination is craftsmanship and gives us many useful ob jects such as wickerwork picnic baskets. Imagination without skill gives us mo dern art. {Tom Stoppard, Artist Descending A Staircase Making b o oks is a skilled trade, like making clo cks. { Jean de la Bruy ere 1645-1696 If you're going to have a complicated story you must work to a map; otherwise you'll never make a map of it afterwards. {J.R.R.Tolkien 1892-1973 Designing an adventure game is b oth an art and a craft. Whereas art cannot be taught, only commented up on, craft at least can be handed down: but the tricks of the trade do not make an elegant narrative, only a catalogue. This small collection of essays is just such a string of grits of wisdom and half-baked critical opinions, whichmaywell leave the reader feeling unsatis ed. One can only say to such a reader that any book claiming to reveal the secret of how to paint, or to write novels, should be recycled at once into something more genuinely artistic, say a papier-mach e sculpture. If there is any theme here, it is that standards count: not just of comp etent co ding, but of writing.
    [Show full text]
  • DESIGN-DRIVEN APPROACHES TOWARD MORE EXPRESSIVE STORYGAMES a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Satisfaction of the Requirements for the Degree Of
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ CHANGEFUL TALES: DESIGN-DRIVEN APPROACHES TOWARD MORE EXPRESSIVE STORYGAMES A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in COMPUTER SCIENCE by Aaron A. Reed June 2017 The Dissertation of Aaron A. Reed is approved: Noah Wardrip-Fruin, Chair Michael Mateas Michael Chemers Dean Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright c by Aaron A. Reed 2017 Table of Contents List of Figures viii List of Tables xii Abstract xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 1 Framework 15 1.1 Vocabulary . 15 1.1.1 Foundational terms . 15 1.1.2 Storygames . 18 1.1.2.1 Adventure as prototypical storygame . 19 1.1.2.2 What Isn't a Storygame? . 21 1.1.3 Expressive Input . 24 1.1.4 Why Fiction? . 27 1.2 A Framework for Storygame Discussion . 30 1.2.1 The Slipperiness of Genre . 30 1.2.2 Inputs, Events, and Actions . 31 1.2.3 Mechanics and Dynamics . 32 1.2.4 Operational Logics . 33 1.2.5 Narrative Mechanics . 34 1.2.6 Narrative Logics . 36 1.2.7 The Choice Graph: A Standard Narrative Logic . 38 2 The Adventure Game: An Existing Storygame Mode 44 2.1 Definition . 46 2.2 Eureka Stories . 56 2.3 The Adventure Triangle and its Flaws . 60 2.3.1 Instability . 65 iii 2.4 Blue Lacuna ................................. 66 2.5 Three Design Solutions . 69 2.5.1 The Witness ............................. 70 2.5.2 Firewatch ............................... 78 2.5.3 Her Story ............................... 86 2.6 A Technological Fix? .
    [Show full text]
  • The New Zork Times Dark – Carry a Lamp VOL
    “All the Grues New Zork Area Weather: That Fit, We Print” The New Zork Times Dark – carry a lamp VOL. 3. .No. 1 WINTER 1984 INTERNATIONAL EDITION SORCERER HAS THE MAGIC TOUCH InfoNews Roundup New Game! Hint Booklets Sorcerer, the second in the In December, Infocom's long- Enchanter series of adventures in the awaited direct mail operation got mystic arts, is now available. The underway. Many of the functions game was written by Steve formerly provided by the Zork Users Meretzky, whose hilarious science Group were taken over by Infocom. fiction game, Planetfall, was named Maps and InvisiClues hint booklets by InfoWorld as the Best Adventure were produced for all 10 of Game of 1983. In Sorcerer, you are a Infocom's products. The games member of the prestigious Circle of themselves were also made available Enchanters, a position that you primarily as a service to those of you achieved in recognition of your in remote geographical areas and to success in defeating the Warlock those who own the less common Krill in Enchanter. computer systems. When the game starts, you realize Orders are processed by the that Belboz, the Eldest of the Circle, Creative Fulfillment division of the and the most powerful Enchanter in DM Group, one of the most the land, has disappeared. Perhaps he respected firms in direct mail. Their has just taken a vacation, but it facilities are in the New York metro- wouldn't be like him to leave without politan area, which explains the letting you know. You remember strange addresses and phone num- that he has been experimenting with bers you'll see on the order forms.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebook Download a Mind Forever Voyaging
    A MIND FOREVER VOYAGING : A HISTORY OF STORYTELLING IN VIDEO GAMES PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Dylan Holmes | 248 pages | 07 Nov 2012 | Createspace Independent Publishing Platform | 9781480005754 | English | [S.l A Mind Forever Voyaging : A History of Storytelling in Video Games PDF Book Delivered from our UK warehouse in 4 to 14 business days. Since the inception of video games, their depictions of violence, sexuality and other explicit themes have made them a lighting rod of controversy. Good video games and good learning: Collected essays on video games, learning and literacy 2nd ed. Can a Computer Make You Cry? International Journal of Research in Education and Science , 3 2 , Critical analysis, historical perspective, and a gently opinionated personal touch make A Mind Forever Voyaging an enlightening read that captures the best that video games have to offer. Rogers, R. The thought was that while this game might have a liberal slant, future games might have a conservative slant, or be educational, or whatever else — the sky was the limit. Course Schedule subject to change Please be sure to complete readings before that class day. Hugos, M. Hwa, S. Good video games and good learning: Collected essays on video games, learning and literacy 2nd ed. Owen, P. Average rating 3. Alternative gaming blogger Dylan Holmes focuses on games that tell stories in innovative and fasci From amazon. View all copies of this ISBN edition:. John Harney. Throw in the four contract-fulfilling Zork gamebooks he cranked out betwixt and between the computer games, plus all the help he gave to others with their designs, plus the way he just kept everyone insanely sane during all of the trials of the Cornerstone era with his parties and games and antics… yeah, Meretzky deserved carte blanche to make his next game exactly what he wanted it to be.
    [Show full text]
  • Infocom-Catalog3
    inFocom Games and Accessories The Great Underground Empire confronts you with perils and predicaments ranging from the mystical to the macabre, as you strive to discover the Twenty Treasures of ZORK and escape with them and your life. The Wizard of Frobozz takes you into new depths of the subterranean realm. There you'll meet the Wizard, who will attempt to confound your quest with his capricious powers. The Dungeon Master is the final test of your courage and wisdom. Your odyssey culminates in an encounter with the Dungeon Master himself, and your destiny hangs in the balance. eNCHANTER The first of a spellbinding series in the tradition of ZORK. When the wicked power of the Warlock sub- jugates this land, his magic defenses will recognize all who have attained the Circle of Enchanters. So, to a novice we speak — one yet unproven who has the heart to challenge and the skill to dare. Sealed inside, you will find such wisdom and guidance as we can provide. Stealth, resourcefulness, and courage you must find within yourself. You are the sole hope of this land, young ENCHANTER. Infocom's mindbending science fiction first launches you headlong into the year 2186 and the depths of space. You are destined to rendezvous with a gargantuan starship from the outer fringes of our galaxy which conveys a challenge that was issued eons ago, from lightyears away — and only you can meet it. SUSPENDED Placed in the twilight world of cryogenic suspen- sion, you awaken to the nightmarish landscape of a planet gone mad. As the central control of the life- support systems that make a terraformed planet habitable, you exist in a frozen sleep that will be disturbed only if the civilization is imperiled.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download Planetfall
    PLANETFALL PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Emma Newman | 324 pages | 05 Nov 2015 | Penguin Putnam Inc | 9780425282397 | English | New York, United States Planetfall PDF Book He is both a constant source of comic relief e. Premium Wallpapers. Mehr Infos zu Cookies. Archived from the original on OST MP3. All other trademarks, logos, and copyrights are property of their respective owners. Add to Cart. Emerge from the cosmic dark age of a fallen galactic empire to build a new future for your people. After defeating a giant microbe, the adventurer is informed that the primary Miniaturization Booth is malfunctioning and is rerouted to the Auxiliary Booth. Discover the fate of the Star Union by exploring lush landscapes, wild wastelands and overgrown megacities. I have read and understood the Privacy Policy. By pressing Subscribe, you agree to receive our newsletters and to either create or log in to your Paradox account. Enchanter Sorcerer Spellbreaker. Later in the game they can actually demolish mountain ranges on the strategic map. The escape from the planet continues, but without Floyd's company the player feels lonely and bereaved. You can perch her up on an embankment overlooking the gully where your Kir'Ko rivals are bound to flood in, while you send in troopers with laser rifles and set them to overwatch for when the bugs inevitably rush to melee range. Try new play styles in skirmish mode, and play multiplayer your way - online, hotseat, and asynchronous! Windows 7, 8, 10 , Mac OS X Overall Reviews:. Empfohlene Systemanforderungen:. Retrieved February 26, Knights of Pen and Paper. The answer the GEnie crowd came up with was, yes, a computer game can make you cry: consider the death of Floyd the robot in Planetfall.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Zork Times by Brief but Savage Downpour
    ® “All the Gnus Weather: Thic fog, followed That Fit, We Print” The New Zork Times by brief but savage downpour. VOL. 4. .No. 2 —SUMMER 1985— INTERFERON EDITION New Release: A Mind Forever Voyaging A Mind Forever Voyaging, the first were to be introduced. While you're advanced-level Science Fiction story busy exploring the future, the scien- from Infocom, is for true text- tists and programmers who created adventure buffs. Why? Because it you are honing and perfecting the has more locations to visit (several simulation's parameters. Thus, as the hundred), more things to do, more story progresses, you can travel responses, and a large vocabulary further and further in time, watching (1800+ words) than any of our previ- Rockvil prosper as the Plan ously released products. succeeds, or perish as it fails. Only The story takes place in 21st- you can tell on what course the century Rockvil, South Dakota. The country sets itself by adopting the United States of North America has Plan. fallen prey to incredibly high unem- While there are several puzzles to ployment and crime rates. Political keep players on their toes, designer indiffererence, perhaps caused by Steve Meretzky (author of Planetfall backward educational systems or and Sorcerer, and co-author of The diminishing national resources, has Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy) Items from Dr. Perleman’s desk are contained in every A Mind Forever swept the nation. Exploiting this op- concentrated more on immersing the Voyaging package. portunity, Senator Richard Ryder has player in a vast, highly detailed, develop (sic) the Plan for a Renewed realistic world; a vision of the National Purpose, stressing patriot- destiny of mankind.
    [Show full text]
  • 14. Riddle Machines: the History and Nature of Interactive Fiction
    Nick Montfort Riddle Machines: The History and Nature of Interactive Fiction 14. Riddle Machines: The History and Nature of Interactive Fiction Nick Montfort Introduction The genre that has also been labeled "text adventure" and "text game" is stereotypically thought to offer dungeons, dragons, and the ability for readers to choose their own adventure. While there may be dragons here, interactive fiction (abbreviated "IF") also offers utopias, revenge plays, horrors, parables, intrigues, and codework, and pieces in this form resound with and rework Gilgamesh, Shakespeare, and Eliot as well as Tolkien. The reader types in phrases to participate in a dialogue with the system, commanding a character with writing. Beneath this surface conversation, and determining what the computer narrates, there is the machinery of a simulated world, capable of drawing the reader into imagining new perspectives and understanding strange systems. Interactive fiction works can be challenging for literary readers, even those interested in other sorts of electronic literature, because of the text-based interface and because of the way in which these works require detailed exploration, mapping, and solution. Works in this form are often less visually rewarding, and the rewards they do offer are only attained with time and effort. But text-based interactive fiction has provided some of the most the intricate and compelling literary simulations yet developed. Understanding how interactive fiction works, and how it has developed over the past three decades, is an essential part of the puzzle of literary computing. Characteristics of interactive fiction Formally, a work of interactive fiction (often called a "game," even if it does not exhibit the typical qualities of a game) is an interactive computer program.
    [Show full text]
  • A Selected List of Interactive Text Adventures
    Michigan Reading Journal Volume 22 Issue 4 Article 9 July 1989 A Selected List of Interactive Text Adventures Kent Layton Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/mrj Recommended Citation Layton, Kent (1989) "A Selected List of Interactive Text Adventures," Michigan Reading Journal: Vol. 22 : Iss. 4 , Article 9. Available at: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/mrj/vol22/iss4/9 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@GVSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Reading Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@GVSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Selected List of Interactive Text Adventures Compiled by Kent Layton INFOCOM. 35 Wheeler Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. A Mind Forever Voyaging, Ballyhoo, Battletech, Crescent Hawk, Cutthroats, Deadline, Enchanter, Journey, Infidel, Moonmist, Planetfall, Seastalker, Shogun, Sorcerer, Spellbreaker, Starcross,, Suspect, Suspended, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, The Witness, Wishbringer, Zork I, Zork II, Zork Ill, and Zork Zero. SCHOLASTIC, INC. 2931 E. McCarty Street, P.O. Box 7502, Jefferson City, MO 65102. An Oval Office Odyssey, Captains of the China Trade, Cosmic Hero, Crickety Manor, Escape from Antcatraz, Haunted Channels, History Mystery, Malice and Wonderland, MicroAgent of the Body Guard, Quest for the Pole, Robot Rescue, Safari, The Funhouse Caper, The Frogs and the Fables, The Great Frankfurter, The Myths of Olympus, The Wizard of Darkling Wood, Tickets to America, Voyage to See What's on the Bottom, and Wagons West. (Available through Microzine and Microzine Jr. subscriptions.) SIERRA ON-LINE. Empire State Building, Suite 1101, 350 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10118.
    [Show full text]
  • Jay Simon 3/18/2002 STS 145 Case Study Zork: a Study of Early
    Jay Simon 3/18/2002 STS 145 Case Study Zork: A Study of Early Interactive Fiction I: Introduction If you are a fan of interactive fiction, or have any interest in text-based games from the early 1980’s, then you are no doubt familiar with a fascinating series known as Zork. For the other 97 percent of the population, the original Zork games are text-based adventures in which the player is given a setting, and types in a command in standard English. The command is processed, and sometimes changes the state of the game. This results in a new situation that is then communicated to the user, restarting the cycle. This type of adventure game is classified as belonging to a genre called “interactive fiction”. Zork is exceptional in that the early Zork games are by far the most popular early interactive fiction titles ever released. It is interesting to examine why these games sold so well, while most other interactive fiction games could not sell for free in the 1980’s. As we will see, this is a result of many different technological and stylistic aspects of Zork that separate it from the rest of the genre. Zork is a unique artifact in gaming history. II: MIT and Infocom – The Prehistory of Zork Zork was not a modern project developed under a strict timeline by a designated team of programmers, but credit is given to two MIT phenoms named Marc Blank and Dave Lebling. Its history can be traced all the way back to the invention of a medium-sized machine called the PDP-10, in the 1960’s.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading and Acting While Blindfolded: the Need for Semantics in Text Game Agents
    Reading and Acting while Blindfolded: The Need for Semantics in Text Game Agents Shunyu Yaoy∗ Karthik Narasimhany Matthew Hausknechtz yPrinceton University zMicrosoft Research {shunyuy, karthikn}@princeton.edu [email protected] Abstract et al., 2020), open-domain question answering systems (Ammanabrolu et al., 2020), knowledge Text-based games simulate worlds and inter- act with players using natural language. Re- graphs (Ammanabrolu and Hausknecht, 2020; Am- cent work has used them as a testbed for manabrolu et al., 2020; Adhikari et al., 2020), and autonomous language-understanding agents, reading comprehension systems (Guo et al., 2020). with the motivation being that understanding Meanwhile, most of these models operate un- the meanings of words or semantics is a key der the reinforcement learning (RL) framework, component of how humans understand, reason, where the agent explores the same environment and act in these worlds. However, it remains in repeated episodes, learning a value function or unclear to what extent artificial agents utilize semantic understanding of the text. To this policy to maximize game score. From this per- end, we perform experiments to systematically spective, text games are just special instances of reduce the amount of semantic information a partially observable Markov decision process available to a learning agent. Surprisingly, we (POMDP) (S; T; A; O; R; γ), where players issue find that an agent is capable of achieving high text actions a 2 A, receive text observations o 2 O scores even in the complete absence of lan- and scalar rewards r = R(s; a), and the under- guage semantics, indicating that the currently lying game state s 2 S is updated by transition popular experimental setup and models may 0 be poorly designed to understand and leverage s = T (s; a).
    [Show full text]