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1992-Vol1no3 $20.00 INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION WOUND BALLISTICS REVIEW JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION The Physiological Effects of Handgun Bullets - Ken Newgard, MD Wound Ballistics Research of the Past Twenty Years: A Giant Step Backwards - Martin L. Fackler, MD The Advanced Combat RifleProgram: Weapons & Wound Ballistics - AJexanderJason An Inexpensive Downrange Chronograph System - Lucien C. Haag Police Handgun Ammunition Selection - Martin L. Fackler, MD The Effect of Bullet Nose Shape on Expansion - Gus Cotey, Jr. VOLUME 1 NUMBER 3 FALL 1992 INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION STATEMENT OF PURPOSE The widespread misinformation and lack of un­ build a solid understanding of the subject. Next, an derstanding concerningballistic injury are well ongoing periodic critical review of the wound ballis­ known to anyone who understands the subject and tics literature needs to be initiated. Finally, an easily keeps up with the literature. accessible source of wound ballistics expertise needs The effects of penetrating projectiles on the body to be established. When a need exists with no ready is of vital concern to trauma surgeons, weapon de­ and recognized source of expertise, mythology fills signers and users, and those involved with the the gap. forensic aspects of ballistic trauma. Yet, we know of The International Wound Ballistics Association no organization that deals with the subject exclu­ has been founded to fill these needs. The IWBA is sively and in depth. Papers containing ballistic comprised of members possessing verified expertise injury data appear in widely scattered sources, since in one or more aspects of wound ballistics and the many groups include projectile effects peripherally in IWBA publishes a journal, the Wo und Ballistics Re­ their interests. However, in each source, these com­ view. By focusing its expertise upon the literature prise a very small percentage of the total papers - relating to wound ballistics, the IWBA hopes to most containing numerous errors. Wound ballistics stimulate an increased awareness among editors, expertise is sparse, and human inertia being what it writers, and readers and to help minimize future inac­ is, once in print, errors are likely to go uncorrected. curacies. Additionally, the International Wound Even when discredited by letters to the editor, these Ballistics Association is prepared to offer expertise substandard papers remain in the literature to mislead to assist any publication concerned with avoiding the unwary. error and maintaining technical accuracy. Effects of the persistently poor understanding of The IWBA encourages and demands skepticism. ballistic injury range from substandard gunshot We are convinced that only by encouraging active wound treatment to lessened law enforcement effec­ questioning, reevaluation and verification of views, tiveness. data and cherished beliefs, etc. in the open literature What needs to be done? First, the valid literature can wound ballistics be delivered from the chaos of needs to be identified. This will give the interested its "dark ages" to assume its full potential as a sci­ reader the scientific background material on which to ence. Martin L. Fackler, MD, FACS President, IWBA 1 JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION I INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION Literature Review & Comment WOUND BALLISTICS REVIEW Book Review: Te xtbook of Military Medicine: JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION Conventional Waifare, Ballistic, Blast and Burn Injury. ... ... ... .. ... ... .. .. 43 - Martin L. Fackler, MD VOLUME 1 NUMBER 3 WINTER 1992 Membership Roster .. ...... ... .. ......... ...... ... : ......................................................................... 46 TABLE OF CONTENTS IWBA Charter Board .. ... .. .. ..... ....... ... ... Instructions to Authors . .. ............. ....... ....... .. ....... .... .. .. 4 BG J.P.L. Breteau, DVM Martin L. Fackler, MD Alexander Jason Chief, Surgical Research Lab Surgeon & Consultant Ballistics Consultant Association News .... ...... .. ...... .............. ..... .. .. ............... .. .. ....... ... ........ ... ..... 5 French Army Medical Corps. Gainesville, FL USA Pinole, CA USA Marseilles, France Reader's Forum .................................. ... ........ .............. ..... ............... ...... .. .. ............ 6 Beat P. Kneubuehl Douglas Lindsey, MD, DrPH Karl Sellier, MD, Dipi.-Physicist Head of the Professor of Surgery, Emeritus Professor Scientific Staff University of Arizona Institute of Forensic Medicine Editorial Defense Procurement Group 2 Phoenix, Arizona USA Bonn, Germany Ballistics Division The Body Armor Standards Controversey ..... ................................................... ........... 8 Thun, Switzerland - Alexander Jason Articles The IWBA is an IRS 501 (c) (3) non-profit scientific, educational, and public benefit California corporation. Contributions are tax-deductible; Tax ID# 94-3136817. The IWBA is comprised of The Physiological Effects of Handgun Bullets .... ...... ... .... .. ...... .... ... ... ... ..... .. ...... 12 scientists, physicians, criminalists, law enforcement members, engineers, researchers, -- Ken Newgard, MD and others engaged or interested in the study of wound ballistics. Wound Ballistics Research of the Past Twenty Years: A Giant Step Backwards . .. ... ... ... .. ... .. ... ... ... ... ... .. .... ... ... .. .... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. 18 Editor-in-Chief: Martin L. Fackler -Martin L. Fackler, MD Managing Editor: Alexander Jason The Advanced Combat Rifle Program: Weapons & Wound Ballistics ....... ............... 25 Journal Design & Production: A. Jason - Alexander Jason Subscription Information An Inexpensive Downrange Chronograph System . .. ... .... ... ... ...... ... ... ... .......... 29 -Lucien C. Haag U.S. individual and institutional subscriptions: $40 per year. Canadian Subscriptions: $48 per year. Air mail foreign subscriptions: $58 per year. Police Handgun Ammunition Selection ..... .. .. .......... .... ...... .. .. ...... .. ...... .. .. ... 32 Single copy sales: $20 plus $4 postage and handling for U.S. and $6 for foreign orders. - Martin L. Fackler, MD The Effect of Bullet Nose Shape on Expansion ............... ....... .. ....... ....... ............ ....... 38 The WO UND BALLISTICS REVIEW: The Journal of the International Wo und Ballistics Association - Gus Cotey, Jr. (ISSN 1055-0305) is published quarterly by the IWBA, PO Box 634, Pinole, CA 94564. Telephone (510) 273-9596, Fax (510) 724-0733. ©Copyright 1992, IWBA. All Rights Reserved. 2 3 WOUND BALLISTICS REVIEW JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION Association News JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOUND BALLISTICS ASSOCIATION INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS The Wound Ballistics Review welcomes manuscripts, articles, short notes and letters to the editor that contribute to the science of wound ballistics. Publication preference will lean strongly toward pertinent papers with clear practical applications. We invite cogent reviews of articles, books, news items, etc. Our goal is to commend good documentation as well as to point out the errors in the wound ballistics literature. The Wound Ballistics Review especially requests our readers' help in submitting short reviews which correct errors noted in the literature. Association News The review of all manuscripts reporting original work will be open; the names of reviewers will either appear with the paper when published or will be made available upon request. Articles are accepted only for exclusive publication in IWBA, and when published, the articles and illustrations become "Adequate Ammunition List:" ing into account a worst-case scenario in which a the property of IWBA. When an article is selected for publication, the author(s) will be required to sign a copyright transmit­ bullet has to penetrate several bones and a large tal which also attests to the originality of the material submitted. A Proposed New Journal amount of soft tissue. The experiment described in any paper must represent good scientific method. Complete methodology must be pre­ Feature Ammunition which has been tested in calibrated sented so that the reader can duplicate the experiment exactly. One of the most common requests we receive tissue simulant by IWBA members or others knowl­ Work must be based on basic solid understanding of projectile-tissue interaction. Results must be reported completely to from law enforcement concern the performance of a edgeable in testing methodology and analysis will be permit meaningful comparison. In experimental animal wounds, for example, a clear and thorough quantitative description of particular type of ammunition -- especially new included in the list. The testing for inclusion on the the observed damage must be included; i.e., was the bone fractured? Were major vessels disrupted? How big was the en­ brands or models. We recognize that there is a need list will be relatively simple and will not require the trance? The exit? What is the appearance of the projectile path (penetration depth, size and morphology of damage to organs, for objective evaluation of ammunition and while we penetration of wood, metal, glass, etc. as in the FBI etc.)? This information is mandatory to allow meaningful correlation of the wound reported to military as well as civilian encourage users to test the performance of their own ammunition testing -- only tissue simulant. Although
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