DOCSLIB.ORG

Design of a Shallow Ground-Water Network to Monitor Agricultural Chemicals, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Design of a Shallow Ground-Water Network to Monitor Agricultural Chemicals, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida Design of a Shallow Ground-Water Network to Monitor Agricultural Chemicals, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 00–4134 Prepared in cooperation with the FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND CONSUMER SERVICES Design of a Shallow Ground-Water Network to Monitor Agricultural Chemicals, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida By A.F. Choquette and Agustín A. Sepúlveda U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4134 Prepared in cooperation with the FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND CONSUMER SERVICES Tallahassee, Florida 2000 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director Use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services Suite 3015 Box 25286 227 N. Bronough Street Denver, CO 80225 Tallahassee, FL 32301 888-ASK-USGS Additional information about water resources in Florida is available on the World Wide Web at http://fl.water.usgs.gov CONTENTS Executive Summary................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Purpose, Scope, and Approach ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Previous Studies............................................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................................................ 6 Description of Lake Wales Ridge .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Criteria for Designing the Network ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Monitoring Objectives ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Factors Affecting the Transport of Agricultural Chemicals to the Subsurface.............................................................. 15 Statistical Considerations............................................................................................................................................... 16 Well Construction Requirements ................................................................................................................................... 17 Field and Laboratory Methods....................................................................................................................................... 18 Lake Wales Ridge Network Design......................................................................................................................................... 18 Delineation of Sampling Areas ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Selection of Monitoring Sites ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Existing Wells ..................................................................................................................................................... .20 New Well Sites.................................................................................................................................................... .20 Water-Quality Analyses ................................................................................................................................................. 23 Targeted Analytes ................................................................................................................................................ 23 Sampling and Laboratory Analyses .................................................................................................................... .26 Data-Base Management ................................................................................................................................................. 27 Implementation Plan and Schedule................................................................................................................................ 27 Considerations for Future Development of the Network......................................................................................................... 28 Regional Water-Quality Analysis................................................................................................................................... 28 Network Analysis........................................................................................................................................................... 29 Topics for Additional Study........................................................................................................................................... 30 Summary.................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 References............................................................................................................................................................................... .32 Figures 1-2. Maps showing: 1. Location and physiography of Lake Wales Ridge and nearby areas............................................................................. 4 2. Major surface-water drainage divides on Lake Wales Ridge ........................................................................................ 7 3. Graph showing mean monthly rainfall for selected sites on Lake Wales Ridge................................................................ 8 4. Map showing locations of active citrus groves and soils most vulnerable to leaching on Lake Wales Ridge .................. 9 5-8. Graphs showing: 5. Citrus acreage in Polk and Highlands Counties, 1966–98........................................................................................... 10 6. Hydrogeologic cross section trending northwest to southeast along Lake Wales Ridge ............................................ 11 7. Distributions of well depths and casing depths of permitted water-supply wells less than 350 feet deep on Lake Wales Ridge, by county................................................................................................................................. 12 8. Flow chart of framework for objectives of early and subsequent phases of Lake Wales Ridge Network sampling in relation to the general types of information provided by regional monitoring........................................14 9. Map showing locations of existing Phase I and Phase II wells, and proposed Phase III drilling sites for the Lake Wales Ridge Network.................................................................................................................................. 24 10. Flow chart showing design plan and schedule for drilling and sampling wells in the Lake Wales Ridge Network ................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Contents III Tables 1. Relation between geologic and hydrogeologic units in the vicinity of Lake Wales Ridge..................................................10 2. Existing well networks evaluated to identify candidate wells for the Lake Wales Ridge Network.....................................13 3. Areal extent of active citrus groves and vulnerable soils in the Lake Wales Ridge study area, by county .........................19 4. Candidate surficial aquifer wells on Lake Wales Ridge used previously for water-quality monitoring by two or more public agencies .......................................................................................................................................................21 5. Candidate surficial aquifer wells on Lake Wales Ridge used previously for water-quality monitoring by one public agency, or for water-level monitoring by one or more public agencies....................................................................22 6. Local-scale ground-water monitoring networks in the surficial aquifer on Lake Wales Ridge...........................................23 7. Description of Phase I and II wells in the Lake Wales Ridge Network ...............................................................................25 8. Agricultural chemicals and degradates targeted in Phases I and II sampling of the Lake Wales Ridge Network...............26 9. Topics for future investigation related to the Lake Wales Ridge Network design...............................................................29 Acronyms and Abbreviations BMP Best Management Practices DACS
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pesticides and Nitrate in Groundwater Underlying Citrus Croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida, 1999–2005
    Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and the Southwest Florida Water Management District Pesticides and Nitrate in Groundwater Underlying Citrus Croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida, 1999–2005 Open-File Report 2013–1271 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Citrus orchards in the vicinity of Lake Wales Ridge Monitoring Network wells, courtesy of the Southwest Florida Water Management District. Wellheads of monitoring wells, which were flush- mounted at ground surface, appear in the upper left and lower right photographs. Pesticides and Nitrate in Groundwater Underlying Citrus Croplands, Lake Wales Ridge, Central Florida, 1999–2005 By A.F. Choquette Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and the Southwest Florida Water Management District Open-File Report 2013–1271 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing the Effects of the Exotic Cactus-Feeding Moth, Cactoblastis Cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2006 Comparing the effects of the exotic cactus-feeding moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and a native cactus-feeding moth, Melitara prodenialis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on two species of Florida Opuntia Amanda J. Baker University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Baker, Amanda J., "Comparing the effects of the exotic cactus-feeding moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and a native cactus-feeding moth, Melitara prodenialis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on two species of Florida Opuntia" (2006). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2449 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Comparing the Effects of the Exotic Cactus-Feeding Moth, Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and a Native Cactus-Feeding Moth, Melitara prodenialis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Two Species of Florida Opuntia. Amanda J. Baker A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Peter Stiling, Ph.D. Gordon Fox, Ph.D. Henry Mushinsky, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 14, 2006 Keywords: plant-insect interactions, invasive species, native species, insect ecology, biological control, prescribed fire Copyright 2006, Amanda J.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Scrub Is a Plant Community Easily Recognized
    Florida Scrub Including Scrubby Flatwoods and Scrubby High Pine lorida scrub is a plant community easily recognized FNAI Global Rank: G2/G3 by the dominance of evergreen shrubs and frequent FNAI State Rank: S2 Fpatches of bare, white sand. With more than two Federally Listed Species in S. FL: 32 dozen threatened and endangered species dependent upon scrub, the entire community is itself endangered. Recovery State Listed Species in S. FL: 100 of the community and its associated plants and animals will depend upon land acquisition and effective land Florida scrub. Original photograph courtesy of The management. Nature Conservancy. Synonymy Florida scrub in its various phases has been called xeric scrub, sand scrub, big scrub, sand pine scrub, oak scrub, evergreen oak scrub, dune oak scrub, evergreen scrub forest, slash pine scrub, palmetto scrub, rosemary scrub, and rosemary bald. Florida scrubs may be classified as coastal or interior. Scrubs are often named by the dominant plant species, as in rosemary scrub, sand pine scrub, palmetto scrub, or oak scrub. Some authors have confused closed-canopy forests of sand pine trees with scrub. Scrubs that are very recent in origin, usually a result of mans activities, are called pioneer scrubs. Communities intermediate between scrub and pine flatwoods have been called dry or xeric flatwoods but now are referred to as scrubby flatwoods. Communities intermediate between scrub and high pine have been called southern ridge sandhills, hickory scrub, yellow sand scrub, turkey oak scrub, turkey oak barrens, and natural turkey oak barrens, but probably are best referred to as scrubby high pine.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Wales Ridge Sand Pits February 25, 2017
    Southeastern Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook No. 70 Lake Wales Ridge Sand Pits February 25, 2017 Edited by: Andrew M. Lawn, P.G. Marc V. Hurst, P.G. Fulgurite Specimens -Lake Wales Ridge, Florida Compiled by: Andrew M. Lawn, M.S., P.G. and Marc V. Hurst, P.G. Lake Wales Ridge Sand Pits February 25, 2017 Compiled by: Andrew M. Lawn, M.S., P.G. and Marc V. Hurst, P.G. Southeastern Geological Society 2017 Officers: Clint Noble - President Jon Bryan - Vice President Andy Lawn - Treasurer Samantha Andrews - Secretary Bryan Carrick - Immediate Past President Southeastern Geological Society Guidebook No. 70, February 25, 2017 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION by: Marc V. Hurst, P.G., and Andrew M. Lawn, M.S., P.G. …….................................. 1 A FOSSILIZED ENERGY DISTRIBUTION OF LIGHTNING , Scientific Reports, 6, 30586. by: Matt Pasek, Ph.D, and Mark Hurst, P.G. ................................................................. 6 DEPOSITIONAL AND FACIES CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CYPRESSHEAD FORMATION IN NORTH-CENTRAL FLORIDA by: Kendall Fountain, Ph.D., P.G. ................................................................................ 15 AN INTERPRETATION OF NEAR SURFACE JOINTING, NORTHERN POLK COUNTY, FLORIDA by: Marc V. Hurst, P.G. ................................................................................................ 29 A PLAUSIBLE EXPLANATION FOR RAISED COASTAL RIDGES AND TERRACES ALONG THE AXIS OF PENINSULAR FLORIDA by: Peter N. Adams, Ph.D. …......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Menges Sandhill 02-002.Indd
    Sandhill Restoration Studies and Experimental Introduction of Ziziphus celata at Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge FINAL REPORT Eric S. Menges Carl W. Weekley Gretel L. Clarke 2008 Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission 620 South Meridian Street Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600 Sandhill Restoration Studies and Experimental Introduction of Ziziphus celata at Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge Eric S. Menges Carl W. Weekley Gretel L. Clarke Archbold Biological Station P.O. Box 2057 Lake Placid, FL 33862 Submitted as final report for Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Project NG02-002 2008 This report is the result of a project supported by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s Nongame Wildlife Trust Fund. It has been reviewed for clarity, style, and typographical errors, but has not received peer review. Any opinions or recommendations in this report are those of the authors and do not represent policy of the Commission. Suggested citation: Menges, E. S., C. W. Weekley, and G. L. Clarke. 2008. Sandhill restoration studies and experimental introduction of Ziziphus celata at Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge. Final report. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. Available from <http://research.myfwc.com/publications/>. This Agency does not allow discrimination by race, color, nationality, sex, or handicap. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity or facility of this agency, write to Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 620 S. Meridian St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600, or to Office for Human Relations, USFWS, Dept. of Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. Sandhill Restoration Studies and Experimental Introduction of Ziziphus celata at Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge Eric S.
    [Show full text]
  • Saving the Florida Scrub Ecosystem: Science and Serendipity
    Saving the Florida Scrub Ecosystem: Science and Serendipity Hilary M. Swain and Patricia A. Martin © 2012 Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Working Paper The findings and conclusions of this Working Paper reflect the views of the author(s) and have not been subject to a detailed review by the staff of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Contact the Lincoln Institute with questions or requests for permission to reprint this paper. [email protected] Lincoln Institute Product Code: WP12HS1 Abstract The Florida scrub, ranked as the 15th most endangered ecosystem in the nation, with one of the highest densities of rare, endemic species in the world, came perilously close to extirpation. One of the finest examples of this habitat, the ancient scrub of the Lake Wales Ridge in central Florida, has been rescued from oblivion largely by the strong partnership forged between an internationally recognized not-for-profit research institution, Archbold Biological Station, and the global conservation organization, The Nature Conservancy. Scientists and conservationists, drawing from decades of research, designed an ambitious plan to save the scrub. This drove a massive investment in land acquisition, more than $100M, by public agencies, particularly the state of Florida. The area of protected scrub has tripled, and the risk of extinction for many species has been reduced. The Lake Wales Ridge Ecosystem Working Group, an enduring alliance of scientists and conservation partners from 13 agencies and nonprofits coalesced and, over the last 20 years, provided the social capital and land management skills to sustain this conservation program. The challenge is to maintain conservation momentum in the decades ahead.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge Refuge Facts Refuge Objectives ■ Established: 1990. ■ Protect, restore and manage ancient scrub habitats. ■ Acres: 1,965 (Currently four tracts). ■ Work in partnership towards the ■ Located in Polk and Highlands recovery of unique, threatened and Counties, FL. endangered endemic plants and ■ Location: Lake McLeod Tract (30 animals. acres) located one mile south of the ■ Increase public understanding and community of Eagle Lake on appreciation through outreach, Gerber Dairy Road. environmental education and ■ Snell Creek Tract (135 acres) compatible recreation. located five miles east of Davenport on SR 531. Management Tools ■ Prescribed fire to restore and ■ Carter Creek Tract (629 acres) maintain the scrub ecosystem. located ten miles southeast of Avon Park on Arbuckle Creek Road. ■ Mechanical chopping of overgrown scrub prior to prescribed fire. ■ Flamingo Villas Tract (1,171 acres) ■ located five miles east of Sebring on Mechanical/chemical control of SR 98. exotic plants. ■ Administered by Everglades ■ Fencing and signing to protect Headwaters NWR Complex. sites. ■ Law enforcement to provide site Natural History protection. ■ First refuge established specifically for recovery of endangered and ■ Public outreach and education threatened plants. to build public understanding, photo: USFWS photo: appreciation, and support. ■ Contains 23 listed plants, more than 40 endemic plants, and four ■ Partnerships. threatened wildlife species. ■ Research relative to best ■ The ridge is an ancient beach and management practices for species sand dune system formed one to recovery. three million years ago. The sandy, nutrient poor soils support a unique Public Use Opportunities community of plants and animals. None at this time.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Statewide Endangered and Threatened Plant Conservation Program, List of Reports by Species (V
    Florida Statewide Endangered and Threatened Plant Conservation Program, List of Reports by Species (v. 20181129, from 1991 to 2018) Florida Statewide Endangered and Threatened Plant Conservation Program (funded by the United State Fish and Wildlife Service, Endangered Species Act, Sect. 6 “Traditional Funds” and by the Florida Forest Service). List of Final Reports for Rare Plant Conservation Projects 1992 through 2018, alphabetized by species. Most content available upon request from this program (see website for contact info). Amorpha crenulata Fisher, J. 2000. Demography of Pine Rockland Endangered Plant Taxa in Miami-Dade County. Kernan, C. Undated (1999). Demography of Some South Florida Ecosystem Endangered Plants. Angadenia berteroi Griffin Dozier, J. 2018. Seminole Wayside and Addition Lands – Pine Rockland Restoration Annual Report, Year 2. Griffin Dozier, J. and J. Ward. 2017. Seminole Wayside and Addition Lands – Pine Rockland Restoration Annual Report. Griffin Dozier, J. 2016. Seminole Wayside – Pine Rockland Restoration Annual Report, Year 3. Griffin Dozier, J. 2015. Seminole Wayside – Pine Rockland Restoration Annual Report, Year 2. Asclepias curtissii Brevard County Board of County Commisioners. 2003. Survey of Brevard County, Florida, for: Deeringothamnus rugelii and Deeringothamnus pulchellus. Brevard County Board of County Commisioners. 2003. Survey of Brevard County, Florida, for: Harrisia fragrans. Brevard County Board of County Commisioners. 2003. Survey of Brevard County, Florida, for: Warea carteri, Nolina brittoniana, and Polygala lewtonii. The Nature Conservancy, Lake Wales Ridge Program. 2000. Natural Community GIS Mapping of Tiger Creek Preserve, Saddleblanket Preserve and Carter Creek. Asclepias viridula Hardin, E.D., Ph. D. and A.M. Schrift. 2006. Florida Statewide Threatened and Endangered Plant Conservation Program.
    [Show full text]
  • National Historic Landmark Nomination Bok Tower
    NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 BOK TOWER GARDENS Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: MOUNTAIN LAKE SANCTUARY AND SINGING TOWER Other Name/Site Number: BOK TOWER GARDENS 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Burns Ave. and Tower Blvd. Not for publication: (3 miles north of Lake Wales) City/Town: Lake Wales Vicinity: X State: FL County: Polk Code: 105 Zip Code: 33859-3810 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s): Public-Local: _ District: X Public-State: Site: __ Public-Federal: Structure: __ Object: __ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 8 5 buildings 1 __ sites 6 structures 1 objects 15 12 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 15 (District) Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 BOK TOWER GARDENS Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this __ nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property __ meets __ does not meet the National Register Criteria.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountain Lake Colony Pinewood Estate Garden Historic Preservation Elisabeth Matthies Ab Rón Florida International University
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 11-26-2001 Mountain lake colony pinewood estate garden historic preservation Elisabeth Matthies aB rón Florida International University DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI14050448 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Landscape Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Barón, Elisabeth Matthies, "Mountain lake colony pinewood estate garden historic preservation" (2001). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1427. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1427 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida MOUNTAIN LAKE COLONY PINEWOOD ESTATE GARDEN HISTORIC PRESERVATION A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE By Elisabeth Matthies Bar6n 2001 To: Dean Juan Antonio Bueno School of Architecture This thesis, written by Elisabeth Matthies Bar6n, and entitled Mountain Lake Colony Pinewood Garden Historic Preservation, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this thesis and recommend that it be approved. Michael Del Giudice David Sacks Dr. Esra O denerol, Major Professor Date of Defense: November 26, 2001 The thesis of Elisabeth Matthies Bar6n is approved. D an Juan Antonio Bueno School of Architect Dean Do las Wartzok University Graduate School Florida International University, 2001 ii ©Copyright 2001 by Elisabeth Matthies Bar6n All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Floristic Inventory of Tiger Creek Preserve and Saddle Blanket Scrub Preserve, Polk County, Florida
    FLORISTIC INVENTORY OF TIGER CREEK PRESERVE AND SADDLE BLANKET SCRUB PRESERVE, POLK COUNTY, FLORIDA By PAUL T. COROGIN A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2008 Paul T. Corogin 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My sincere thanks go to Dr. Walter Judd, my supervisory committee chairman. His academic professionalism, his belief in my abilities, and his enthusiastic willingness to share his vast botanical expertise, have guided me invaluably in my academic aspirations, as well as in the production of this thesis. I also thank the other members of my committee. Dr. Doria Gordon’s knowledge of Florida habitats and her affiliation with The Nature Conservancy have given me insights concerning my study sites. Dr. David Hall’s expertise in the Florida flora has been of great assistance as I have puzzled over stacks of unidentified specimens. And the work and teaching of Dr. Francis “Jack” Putz have refined my understanding of ecology and natural history, and instilled in me a drive for academic perfection in my work. For their help in using the University of Florida Herbarium, I thank staff members Kent Perkins and Trudy Lindler. Thanks are also due to Richard Abbott, whose insightful pointers on many occasions helped me solve plant identification puzzles. I am grateful as well to the staff of The Nature Conservancy’s Lake Wales Ridge Program, especially Beatriz Pace-Aldana, Adam Peterson, and Steve Morrison, for their support and assistance throughout this project. I also thank Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrology of Polk County, Florida
    Hydrology of Polk County, Florida By Rick M. Spechler and Sharon E. Kroening Prepared in cooperation with the Polk County Board of County Commissioners South Florida Water Management District Southwest Florida Water Management District St. Johns River Water Management District Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5320 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2007 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Spechler, R.M., and Kroening, S.E., 2007, Hydrology of Polk County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5320, 114 p. iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................2 Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]