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The Beautiful : Developing a Professional Tour

Students：Yuki, Enrui, Huan

馮潔鎔 - 1041417132

蕭鈞桓 - 1041417029

楊恩睿 - 1041417047

Advisor：

Michael Jenks

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Table of Contents

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………. 3

I. Introduction ………………………………………………..…………………… 4

II. Methods………………………………………………………………………… 8

III. Results………………………………………………………………………… 13

IV. Discussion………………………………………………………………………… 17

V. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………… 20

VI. References ……………………………………………………………………. 21

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ABSTRACT

The objective of the paper is to develop a profession tour to the Czech Republic. The

Czech Republic is popular destination over the world, but still new to Taiwanese.

Therefore, we conducted a survey and literature review to understand the history and culture of the Czech Republic in order to create a detailed tour for Taiwanese tourists to this beautiful country.

Key-Words: Tourism, Research, Tourism System, Management System, Social Trends,

Tourism Demand

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I) INTRODUCTION Background: A Bit of History of the Czech Republic Czech: Česká republika, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked nation state in bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of 78,866 square kilometres (30,450 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.6 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is , with 1.3 million residents. The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union (EU), NATO, the OECD, the United Nations, the OSCE, and the Council of Europe. History The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of , , and Czech . The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire. Prehistory: Archaeologists have found evidence of prehistoric human settlements in the area, dating back to the Paleolithic era. The figurine Venus of Dolní Věstonice, together with a few others from nearby locations, found here is the oldest known ceramic article in the world. In the classical era, from the 3rd century BC Celtic migrations, the Boii and later in the 1st century, Germanic tribes of Marcomanni and Quadi settled there. Their king Maroboduus is the first documented ruler of Bohemia. During the around the 5th century, many Germanic tribes moved westwards and southwards out of Central Europe. Bohemia: The Duchy of Bohemia emerged in the late 9th century, when it was unified by the Přemyslid dynasty. In 10th century Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia conquered Moravia, Silesia and expanded farther to the east. The was, as the only kingdom in the , a significant regional power during the . It was part of the Empire from 1002 till 1806, with the exception of the years 1440–1526. Prague pacifist Bertha von Suttner was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905. In the same year, the Czech Social Democratic and progressive politicians (including Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk) started the fight for universal suffrage. The first elections under universal male suffrage were held in 1907. The last King of Bohemia was Blessed Charles of Austria who ruled in 1916–1918. Czechoslovakia: An estimated 1.4 million Czech soldiers fought in , of whom some 150,000 died. Although the majority of Czech soldiers fought for the Austro-Hungarian Empire, more than 90,000 Czech volunteers formed the Czechoslovak Legions in France, Italy and Russia, where they fought against the Central Powers and later against Bolshevik troops. In 1918, during the collapse of the Habsburg Empire at the end of World War I, the independent republic of Czechoslovakia, which joined the winning Allied powers, was created, with Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk in the lead. This new country incorporated the Bohemian Crown (Bohemia, Moravia 5 and Silesia) and parts of the Kingdom of Hungary (Slovakia and the Carpathian Ruthenia) with significant German, Hungarian, Polish and Ruthenian speaking minorities. Czechoslovakia concluded a treaty of alliance with Romania and Yugoslavia (the so-called Little Entente) and particularly with France. The First Czechoslovak Republic comprised only 27% of the population of the former Austria- Hungary, but nearly 80% of the industry, which enabled it to successfully compete with Western industrial states. In 1929 compared to 1913, the gross domestic product increased by 52% and industrial production by 41%. In 1938 Czechoslovakia held a 10th place in the world industrial production. "Normalization" in the late 1960s and the 1970s. Until 1989, the political establishment relied on censorship of the opposition. Dissidents published Charter 77 in 1977, and the first of a new wave of protests were seen in 1988. Between 1948 and 1989 about 250,000 and Slovaks were sent to prison for political reasons, and over 400,000 emigrated. Velvet Revolution and the European Union: In November 1989, Czechoslovakia returned to a liberal democracy through the peaceful "Velvet Revolution" (led by Václav Havel and his Civic Forum). However, Slovak national aspirations strengthened (see Hyphen War) and on 1 January 1993, the country peacefully split into the independent Czech Republic and Slovakia. Both countries went through economic reforms and privatisations, with the intention of creating a market economy. This process was largely successful; in 2006 the Czech Republic was recognised by the World Bank as a "developed country", and in 2009 the Human Development Index ranked it as a nation of "Very High Human Development". From 1991, the Czech Republic, originally as part of Czechoslovakia and since 1993 in its own right, has been a member of the Visegrád Group and from 1995, the OECD. The Czech Republic joined NATO on 12 March 1999 and the European Union on 1 May 2004. On 21 December 2007 the Czech Republic joined the Schengen Area. Until 2017, either the Social Democrats (under Miloš Zeman, Vladimír Špidla, Stanislav Gross, Jiří Paroubek and Bohuslav Sobotka), or liberal-conservatives (under Václav Klaus, Mirek Topolánek and Petr Nečas) led the government of the Czech Republic. Background: Czech Republic Geography Environment: The Czech Republic is landlocked. They have high mountains, rivers and valleys. Weather: Because they are in the north, it is very cold in the winter and hot in the summer. The People: There are sixty-seven percent Czech, five percent Moravian, and two percent Slavic peoples in the Czech Republic. Economy: They are an export economy. The biggest is car manufacture. Skoda is the biggest company. They also sell electricity. Background: The Czech Republic Culture 6

The Czech people have many festivals and wonderful traditions…

Background: Top Places to See It is hard to decide where to begin. There are so many beautiful places in the Czech Republic. We, though, will first begin with the Old Town of Prague. Old Town is a beautiful historical part of Prague. There is the Main Square, Roland’s Fountain, UFO Tower, St. Martin, and the Castle. The second is the Bohemian Switzerland. That place is very beautiful. Gorges on the River Kamenice. The natural sandstone arch. The Stoličná hora. The Rock Chapel of Všemily. And the third, the St. Vitus Cathedral is at the . Definitely a must see location because it is the burial place of the former Czech kings and a home of the crown jewels. Terezin Memorial represents a time of great turmoil in Eastern Europe. All people should visit to remember the importance of being kind to each other and not hating. The finally is Pilsner Urquell Brewery. How about a little fun?! You should visit the town where a certain kind of beer was developed: Pilsen. Czech Republic Tour Time: 5 days 4 nights Airlines: CHINA EASTERN Starting point: Taiwan (Taoyuan) Destination: Czech Republic (Prague) DAY OF OPENING: Taoyuan - Prague At the international departure terminal - Taoyuan Airport, check-in for flight MU 5006 (18: 40- 05: 35) to Prague. Have a snack and stay overnight on the plane. DAY 1: The Old Town (Breakfast, lunch, dinner) Visit the Old Town of Prague (including tickets to visit), There is a Main Square, Roland's Fountain, UFO Tower, Martin, and the Castle. Stay at the 3 star Koruna Hotel. DAY 2: Bohemian Switzerland (Breakfast, lunch, dinner) There are beautiful places in the world. And then there are places that steal your heart. The sand rocks of Tisa are one of them. A magical spot for the Narnia movie makers discovered and chose to shoot some of the most beautiful parts of the famous movie. And you can visit the Český Švýcarsko National Park. The National Park is adjacent to the Saxon Switzerland National Park (Sächsische Schweiz) in Germany. Check in the 3 star Koruna Hotel. DAY 3: St. Vitus Cathedral (Breakfast, lunch, dinner) 7

St. Vitus Cathedral is the largest and most important temple in Prague. Apart from religious services, coronations of Czech kings and queens also took place here. The cathedral is a place of burial of several patron saints, sovereigns, noblemen and archbishops. Here you will discover and understand the religious culture of the Czech Republic.Check in the 3 star Koruna Hotel. DAY 4: Terezin Memorial (Breakfast, lunch, dinner) Visit the Ghetto, the Small Fortress, former Gestapo prison. You will find the suffering of prisoners and memorial to them. Stay at the 3 star Parkhotel Terezin DAY 5: Pilsner Urquell Brewery - Taoyuan (Breakfast, Lunch) Go to the airport, check flight MU786 (21: 50-14: 05) to Taoyuan. End of the Czech Republic tour.

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II) METHODOLOGY A meta-review was carried out on English tourism literature dating from 2002 to 2017 in order to create a rich sample Tour Guide plan, we highlight main goals that we aimed to achieve in our research: 1) Conduct research. 2) Focus on history. 3) Focus on culture. Deep research in this project is shown by reviewing below valuable previous researches: 1. Quantitative Analysis of Tourism Potential in the Czech Republic (2017). 2. The Importance of Tourism Research; Examples of Research in Tourism Activities in the Czech Republic (2012). 3. Research for train Committee - Transport and Tourism in the Czech Republic (2016) 4. Tourism industry analysis with the Czech Republic as the focal point (2015) Our focus on history and culture is demonstrated by reviewing website : www.everyculture.com For evaluating the view of Taiwanese about the trip to the Czech Republic, we conducted a survey at Yuanpei University. To plan a tour, we collected information from some tourist centers and personal blogs to calculate the budget and time spent on 5 day trip. We aimed to recruit both Vietnamese and Taiwanese students to have broader point of view, though we suggested that even we collected limited data as many students refused to be interviewed straight away, but the collected data is more reliable than that collected by using online survey. In order to achieve a high rate of response we used a face-to-face approach and attempted to be very friendly. Each respondent was asked to complete the questionnaire. In the first part of our list of questions, we introduced five most favorite tourist attractions in the Czech Republic: Old Town Hall, Swiss Bohemian, St. Andrew's Cathedral Vitus, Terezin Monument and Pilsner Urquell Brewery. The participants were asked about which two destinations that suited their finance and preferences and that they would like to visit without worrying about finance. In the second part, we started with a detailed tour that we had ourselves developed. The participants were asked whether they would take this tour or not, and encouraged to give reasons. Here are my our questionnaire:

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*Taiwanese version: 調查書

姓名： 學號： 國家： I）捷克共和國最受歡迎的地方： A.舊市政廳：是布拉格美麗歷史的一部分。有廣場，羅蘭噴泉，聖馬丁和城堡（價格： 300 美元）。 B.布拉格到波希米亞瑞士國家公園：那個地方很漂亮有 Kamenice 河上的峽谷，天然砂岩 拱，Stoličnáhora，VšemilyChapel 的岩石（價格：280 美元）。 C.聖維特主教座堂：位於布拉格城堡這是以前各位捷克國王的埋葬地，還有皇冠首飾的故 鄉（價格：230 美元）。 D.特雷津集中營：代表東歐的一場大混亂，紀念那時候淒慘的囚犯（價格：250 美元）。 E.皮爾森啤酒廠：啤酒誕生於波希米亞的比爾森鎮，這片土地擁有豐富的自然和人力資源 （價格：200 美元）。 1.選擇您想要旅行的兩個適合您的經濟狀況的地方：______2.選擇去的兩個而不用擔心財務問題：______

II）你有想跟隨下面的行程嗎？ □有 □沒有 捷克共和國 時間：5 天 4 夜（4000-4500 美元） 航空公司：中國東方航空

出發地：台灣（桃園） - 目的地：捷克共和國（布拉格） 桃園 - 普拉哈：在國際桃園機場辦理登機手續，搭飛機 MU5006（18：40-05：35）到布 拉格，在飛機上吃晚餐與過夜。 第一天：舊市政廳（早餐，午餐，晚餐）：參觀布拉格老城（包括門票） 有一個廣場，羅蘭噴泉，馬丁和城堡。晚上入住三星級 Koruna 酒店 10

第二天：布拉格到波希米亞瑞士國家公園（早餐，午餐，晚餐）：世界上有美麗的地方 你可以參觀 CeskySvycarsko 國家公園克朗晚上在三星級的酒店休息酒店。 第三天：聖維特主教座堂（早餐，午餐，晚餐）：是布拉格最大，最重要的寺廟除了做 宗教儀式外，還有捷克國王和女王的加冕儀式也是在這裡舉辦晚上在這裡克朗 Hotel 三星 級酒店休息。 第四天：特雷津集中營（早餐，午餐，晚餐）：參觀前身為聚集區，蓋世太保監獄你會 看到囚犯的痛苦並想念他們晚上留在 Terezin 三星級酒店公園酒店。 第五天：皮爾森啤酒廠 - 桃園（早餐，午餐）：抵達機場，搭航班 MU786（21：50-14：05）飛往桃園。完成捷克共和國之旅。 為什麼 有/沒有?______

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*Vietnamese version: Bảng khảo sát

Họ tên: Mã số học sinh: Quốc gia:

I) Các địa điểm được ưa thích nhất tại Cộng hòa Séc: A. Old Town Hall: Là một phần lịch sử đẹp của Praha. Có Quảng trường Chính, Đài phun nước Roland, Tháp UFO, St. Martin và Lâu đài.( Giá tham quan: 300USD) B. Swiss Bohemian: Nơi đó rất đẹp. Hẻm núi trên sông Kamenice,vòm sa thạch tự nhiên, Stoličná hora, nhà nguyện Rock of Všemily.( Giá tham quan: 280USD) C. Nhà thờ St. Vitus: nằm ở Lâu đài Prague. Nó là nơi chôn cất của các vị vua Séc cũ và một ngôi nhà của đồ trang sức vương miện.( Giá tham quan: 230USD) D. Đài tưởng niệm Terezin: đại diện cho một thời kỳ hỗn loạn lớn ở Đông Âu, tưởng nhớ các tù nhân.( Giá: 250USD) E. Nhà máy bia Pilsner Urquell: Loại bia được sinh ra tại thị trấn Pilsen thuộc Bohemia, một vùng đất trù phú cả về tài nguyên thiên nhiên lẫn nguồn lực con người.( Giá: 200USD) 1. Chọn 2 địa điểm mà bạn muốn đi phù hợp khả năng tài chính và sở thích của bạn:______2. Chọn 2 địa điểm bạn sẽ đi nếu không cần lo lắng về tài chính: ______

II)Bạn có muốn đi theo tour du lịch dưới đây hay không? □Có □Không

Cộng hòa Séc Thời gian: 5 ngày 4 đêm (4000-4500$) - Hãng hàng không: CHINA EASTERN Điểm xuất phát: Đài Loan (Taoyuan) - Điểm đến: Cộng hòa Séc (Prague) Taoyuan - Praha: Tại nhà ga khởi hành quốc tế - Sân bay Taoyuan, nhận phòng cho chuyến bay MU 5006 (18: 40-05: 35) đến Prague. Ăn nhẹ và ở lại qua đêm trên máy bay. NGÀ Y 1: Old Town Hall (Ăn sáng, trưa, chiều): Tham quan Khu Phố Cổ Praha (bao gồm cả vé tham quan), Có một Quảng trường Chính, Đài phun nước Roland, Tháp UFO, Martin và Lâu đài. Nghỉ tại khách sạn 3 sao Koruna Hotel. NGÀ Y 2: Bohemian (Ăn sáng, trưa, chiều): Có những nơi tuyệt đẹp trên thế giới. Và bạn có thể ghé thăm Vườn quốc gia Český Švýcarsko. Nghỉ ngời tại khách sạn 3 sao Koruna Hotel. 12

NGÀ Y 3: Nhà thờ St. Vitus (Ăn sáng, trưa, chiều): là ngôi đền lớn nhất và quan trọng nhất ở Prague. Ngoài các dịch vụ tôn giáo, lễ đăng quang của các vị vua và hoàng hậu Séc cũng đã diễn ra ở đây. Nghỉ ngơi tại khách sạn 3 sao Koruna Hotel. NGÀ Y 4: Terezin Memorial (Ăn sáng, trưa, tối): Ghé thăm Ghetto, Pháo đài nhỏ, trước đây là nhà tù Gestapo. Bạn sẽ tìm thấy sự đau khổ của các tù nhân và tưởng niệm đối với họ. Ở tại khách sạn 3 sao Parkhotel Terezin NGÀ Y 5: Nhà máy bia Pilsner Urquell - Taoyuan (Ăn sáng, trưa): Đến sân bay, kiểm tra chuyến bay MU786 (21: 50-14: 05) đến Taoyuan. Kết thúc chuyến tham quan Cộng hòa Séc.

Tại sao có/không?______

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III) RESULTS In this research, we recruited 30 Vietnamese students with 16 girls and 14 boys and 15 Taiwanese students with 10 girls and 5 boys. All of them are Yuanpei students at the age of 19 - 22 and have not ever been to the Czech Republic.

90% 83% 80%

70%

60% 50% 50% 50% Vietnamese girls 40% Vietnamese boys

30% Taiwanese girls 50% 50% 50% 50% Taiwanese boys 20% 17%

10% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0% Old Town Swiss St. Andrew's Terezin Pilsner Hall Bohemian Cathedral Monument Urquell Vitus Brewery

Figure 1: The tourist attractions in Czech Republic, which suits students’ finance Overall, Figure 1 shows Old Town Hall, Swiss Bohemian and St. Andrew's Cathedral Vitus were likeable and reasonable for Vietnamese interviewee, compared to St. Andrew's Cathedral Vitus, Terezin Monument and Pilsner Urquell Brewery for Taiwanese ones. To be more specific, Old Town Hall was the most favorite and affordable destination for Vietnamese girls (83%), while Taiwanese girls seem to favor Swiss Bohemian and Pilsner Urquell Brewery with equal percentage. Surprisingly, male students from Vietnam would like to visit Swiss Bohemian (50%) and St. Andrew's Cathedral Vitus (50%), where they can afford all the trip-related fees. The similar figures were seen in Taiwanese counterparts who preferred St. Andrew's Cathedral Vitus and Terezin Monument.

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80%

70%

60% 57% 57%

50% 43% 43% Vietnamses girls 40% 71% Vietnamese boys 30% 57% Taiwanese girls

20% 43% Taiwanese boys 29% 10% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0% Old Town Hall Swiss St. Andrew's Terezin Pilsner Bohemian Cathedral Monument Urquell Vitus Brewery

Figure 2: The favorite tourist attractions in Czech Republic (without worrying about finance) At first glance of Figure 2, it is clear that the surveyed students from both Vietnam and Taiwan would like to pay a visit to Old Town Hall and Swiss Bohemian without worrying about financial problems, at different shares. Most Vietnamese girls (71%) again insisted to take a trip to Old town Hall no matter whether they need to consider their budget or not, whereas just 57% of Taiwanese female students did. Surprisingly, Old Town Hall attracted the equal proportions of Taiwanese boys and their Vietnamese counterparts, at 57%. Similarly, Swiss Bohemian experienced similar tendency, but was less favored by female students from Vietnam with just 29% - the smallest share.

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120% 100% 100% 100%

80%

60% 50% Vietnamese girls 40% 40% 40% Vietnamese boys 25% 25% 20% Taiwanese girls 20% Taiwanese boys 0%

Figure 3: The reasons why students decided to take our tour

It is clear that students from two countries had different reasons to take our tour. While Vietnamese girls accepted our tour plan completely due to their interest in culture of the Czech Republic, Taiwanese girl students wanted to go on this trip only because they broaden their horizons which were not strict to just culture. Vietnamese boys had more tastes as they wished to visit castles, European sites and culture in the Czech Republic (50%, 25% and 25% respectively). Taiwanese boys, on the other hand, wanted to broaden their horizon, reduce stress and experience new things. 16

90% 83% 80%

70% 67% 67%

60%

50% Vietnamese girls 40% 40% Vietnamese boys 40% 33% 33% Taiwanese girls 30% Taiwanese boys 20% 20% 17%

10%

0% Lack of Lack of time Tight No need others money schedule

Figure 4: The reasons why students did not take our tour

It is clearly seen that financial problem was the most significant problem, especially for male students from Viet Nam (83%). Only 67% of Vietnamese girls thought this trip was too long to take, compared to Taiwanese counterparts who found the tour schedule too tight, at 33%. Some boys from two countries answer us that they did not aim any trip at the time of the interview because of up-coming examination. Of note, the rest of boys from Taiwan would not go on this trip because no any creational activities were included or they preferred traveling independently.

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IV)

DISCUSSION

Although the Czech Republic has been popular in European countries, it is still new to some Asian countries, in the case of Taiwan and Vietnam in our study. Hence, our study aimed to introduce the tourist attractions in this beautiful country in terms of history and culture, to potential customers who are young and want to explore new things. By doing this research, we will not only develop tour suitable for young people but also understand the economic and social factors that affect their decisions.

Favorite destinations

+ Decision based on finance:

It was interesting that Old Town Hall – the most expensive destination (300$), was the most favorable for girls from Vietnam. Despite their budget was not generous, they would try to afford this trip because they would like to go shopping in this area.

Only Taiwanese girls showed interest in Pilsner Urquell Brewery after careful financial consideration. They told us that they would love doing handmade items themselves and watching how bear was produced in this factory. This may mean that they prefer the sense of achievement after paying some effort.Girls also liked taking photos of natural views in Swiss Bohemian

Vietnamese boys were particularly interested in national park in Swiss Bohemian which was famous for intact natural views, as opposed to boys from Taiwan, who were only group enjoying prisons in Terezin Monument. They hoped they would have new experience there as they rarely saw any old prison in Taiwan. They both prefer Old castles which stored a vast number of weapons.

+ Decision based on preference:

If participants did not need to worry about trip-related fees, they would like to visit the most two expensive destinations. The reason they gave were simple but surprise as they believed that the high quality would come with high cost and therefore expected something more spectacular than the others.

Suggested tour

We prepared a simulated tour that was offered to participants in order to accumulate their ideas and opinions.

+ The reasons why students would take the tour: 18

The main reason Vietnamese participants gave to us was exploration, whereas Taiwanese counterparts wanted to reduce stress and have new experience. To explain this difference between two groups, we suppose that it lies on economy and diplomacy. The majority of Vietnamese students are not able to afford any trips to the Czech Republic or other European countries or even some Asian countries. In fact, very few people at this age in Viet Nam can travel abroad (not mention studying or working), hence, European culture and history are very novel to them, which prompts them to explore. Nevertheless, Taiwanese students who just have part-time jobs can save enough money to travel to foreign countries, even to the US and the UK. European countries share some features, therefore the Czech Republic may not really special to them. Taiwanese passport is even more powerful that Vietnamese one, making the trip to the Czech Republic more convenient and easier for the Taiwanese.

Vietnamese young people seem to be keen on natural sites, which can be met in our tours. This may be the reason why 66.7% of them would choose our tour.

+ The reasons why students would not take the tour:

Apart from financial reason which Vietnamese subjects had more than Taiwanese, the other factor which demotivated the former to take our trip was the lack of time. The possible explanation would be their social belief. Some Vietnamese young people believe that it is quite counter-cultural to take some days off to go on an expensive trip to the Czech Republic when they are supposed to work hard at their young age to save money and only enjoy life after retire. It also hold true for the subjects in my study as they think they should work and study hare at their young age rather than spending money just for entertainment and joys. Taiwanese youngster may, however, love travelling and enjoy life.

Some of Taiwanese girls in my study complained about how tight our trip was as they wanted to have more time for resting or how few recreational activities were. It was good ideas to improve our trip later.

Improvements for better tour

+ Making a tour for Vietnamese young people:

As Vietnamese students are interested in natural views and shopping with reasonable prices, we suggested some points:

- Add more destinations with more natural views, castles and cultural historical spots. - Making more efforts to find cheaper hotels, flights and restaurants.

+ Making a tour for Taiwanese young people:

As they like outdoor activities and relaxed schedule, we suggest some points:

- Add more theme parks or craft workshop into the trip. 19

- Designing a tour with more resting time.

Advantages and disadvantages of our research

+ Advantages:

We surveyed students from Viet Nam and Taiwan and therefore have different points of view to make better tour to the Czech Republic.

Our suggested tour and provide information (related fees, famous spots and transportation) can act as a guidance for first-time tourists or others who would like to visit the Czech Republic in the near future.

Although the Czech Republic has been popular tourist destination in EU, it was new to both Taiwanese and Vietnamese. This study can provide them with historical and cultural significance in this beautiful country, not just for travelling.

+ Disadvantages:

Despite of our great effort, there were some limitations that we would make an attempt to overcome in future study.

We had small sample size (just thirty Vietnamese students and fifteen Taiwanese students) at the same university, this leads to uncertainty and unreliability.

All the information we provided was from the Internet websites because all team members had not ever visited the Czech Republic.

We only managed to have some viewpoints of those from two Asian countries. We would recruit others from European and African nations to further our study.

We lacked of references because we found very few previous studies that evaluated the same topic.

Our questionnaires were not adequate in terms of needed information. We would work more on it later.

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V)

CONCLUSIONS

Culture and natural views in the Czech Republic attracted Vietnamese young people while Taiwanese students wanted to mainly visit this country for reducing stress.

The majority of Vietnamese students rejected our tour because of financial problems. Taiwanese students, on the other hand, found our tour no suitable for them (very few activities and tight schedule).

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VI) REFERENCES https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic wikipedia.org. (2018). History of the . Downloaded on ???. Downloaded from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Czech_lands. mzv.cz/tripoli. (2018). General Information About the Czech Republic. Download on ???. Downloaded from https://www.mzv.cz/tripoli/en/general_information_about_the_czech/history/index.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic#Geography https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/czechrepublic/czland.htm https://www.britannica.com/place/Czech-Republic