2016 I 2017

ECONOGRAPHE French -

www.agur-dunkerque.org The members of AGUR:

And the of: , Cappellebrouck, Cappelle-la-Grande, Coudekerque-Branche, Dunkerque*, Fort-*, Grande-Synthe, Grand-Fort-Philippe, , , Saint-Pol-sur-Mer*, Watten et .

* Dunkerque, Fort-Mardyck and Saint-Pol-sur-Mer have been associated municipalities since December 2010

AGUR Contacts: Séverine POTVIN en Jean-François VEREECKE Tél : +33 (0) 3 28 58 06 30 | Email : [email protected] / [email protected]

Writing, design and layout: Urban planning and development agency of the -Dunkirk area, in partnership with Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque and Communauté de communes de Hauts de Flandre

Photo credits: AGUR unless otherwise stated Cover: AGUR - Photo GPMD ©AGUR 2016 - September 2016

All rights for duplication, translation and adaptation reserved for all countries.

ISSN: in progress Legal deposit: 3 th quarter of 2016 IGN: Authorisation No. 60.15041

Translation: La traduction.fr - INTRODUCTION

GUR has updated its diagnoses, and rekindled its prospective and business intelligence works with partners.

AThe second issue of Econographe contributes to this mission in the context of the revision of the territorial consistency master plan (so-called SCoT) of the French Flanders-Dunkirk area.

AGUR, in partnership with Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque (the greater Dunkirk) and Communauté de communes de Hauts de Flandre (the upper Flanders Federation of municipalities), is publishing a new issue of this collection of indicators and analyses destined to economic and political stakeholders wishing to better understand the territory. Given the geographical position of Dunkirk, the economic approaches of this document are obviously on a large scale. And this is why they are as many contributions to the various projects of the Flanders – Dunkirk territory.

Even though it is not comprehensive, this Éconographe provides again a complete economic picture, which is both thorough and very summarised. Its perspectives are as many references for the VWUDWHJLHV HQJDJHG LQ WKH ÀHOG RI HPSOR\PHQW IRUZDUGORRNLQJ sectors, activity sites, investments... This is also an invitation to work jointly to the harmonious development of the French Flanders- Dunkirk area.

We hope you will enjoy reading it.

Bernard WEISBECKER President of AGUR

3 SUMMARY

The French Flanders-Dunkirk area The French Flanders-Dunkirk area ...... page 6 The dynamics of the territory ...... page 8

Population Dunkirk: 4 th city in the region ...... page 12 At the heart of a dense area ...... page 14 Towards a more mixed active population ...... page 16 An income close to that of the region ...... page 18

Education - research Education - Research - Postgraduate schools .. page 22 Université Littoral Côte d’Opale ...... page 24 Excellence sectors ...... page 26 Employment situation Evolution in employment ...... page 30 Unemployment ...... page 32

Sectorial analyses Specificity by major sectors ...... page 36 Industry ...... page 38 Link with the industrial and port activity ...... page 40 Globalisation ...... page 42 Services ...... page 44 Temporary work ...... page 46 Transport and logistics ...... page 48 Construction ...... page 50 Commerce ...... page 52 Agriculture ...... page 54 Tourism ...... page 58

4 ECONOGRAPHE French Flanders-Dunkirk

Grand port maritime Grand port maritime de Dunkerque ...... page 66 Evolution in traffic ...... page 68 Container traffic on the increase ...... page 70 24,000 jobs in connection with the Port ...... page 71 2014 – 2018 strategic project ...... page 72

Activity spaces Main activity areas ...... page 76 Main establishments ...... page 78 Commercial hubs ...... page 82 Displacement of trade ...... page 86

Company lifecycles Dynamics of company creation ...... page 90 Company creation by activity sector ...... page 92 Business transfers ...... page 93 Main economic investments ...... page 94

To go further... References ...... page 98

5 THE FRENCH FLANDERS-DUNKIRK AREA

The French Flanders-Dunkirk area

A territory covering 748 km 2, on the (CCHF). The city of Dunkirk represents in Belgian border, approximately 100 km itself close to 91,000 inhabitants, making from Great Britain, the French Flanders- it the 4 th city in – Pas-de-, Dunkirk area is part of a European behind , and Tourcoing. grouping of territorial cooperation Dunkerque has the third port in , (EGTC). on the , 90 minutes sailing time It is organised into two intercommunal from the busiest shipping route in the structures, including an urban community . The port offers regular lines to the (CUD) and a federation of municipalities main economic regions of the world.

The French Flanders-Dunkirk area corresponds to the Dunkirk employment area

KOKSIJDE

DE PANNE BRAY-DUNES /E40 North Sea 16 A

GHYVELDE DUNKERQUE* LEFFRINCKOUCKE FORT-MARDYCK* SAINT-POL-SUR-MER*

A16/E40 LES MOERES GRANDE-SYNTHE N225 DUNKERQUE COUDEKERQUE-BRANCHE TETEGHEM GRAND-FORT-PHILIPPE LOON-PLAGE COUDEKERQUE CAPPELLE VILLAGE LA-GRANDE OYE-PLAGE GRAVELINES ARMBOUTS-CAPPEL

SAINT-GEORGES-SUR-L' N225 BERGUES

The French Flanders-Dunkirk area SAINT-OMER-CAPELLE A25 SAINT-FOLQUIN QUAEDYPRE REXPOEDE OOST-CAPPEL -CAPPEL VLETEREN SAINT-PIERREBROUCK

CAPPELLEBROUCK SAINTE-MARIE-KERQUE WORMHOUT MUNCQ- ARNEKE WATTEN 0Km 5 EPERLECQUES SAINT-MOMELIN BAYENGHEM-LES-EPERLECQUES Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque CUD (18 municipalities) NORT- NIEURLET CASSEL Communauté de communes des Hauts OXELAEREde Flandre - CCHF (41 municipalities) MENTQUE SAINTE-MARIE-CAPPEL NORTBECOURT SAINT-OMER SAINT-MARTIN-AU-LAERT Dunkerque, Fort-Mardyck and Saint-Pol-sur-Mer have been associatedHONDEGHEM municipalitiesCAESTRE since December 2010 * STAPLE TATINGHEM METEREN LEULINGHEM ARQUES As from 1QUELMES January 2016, the of Les MoëresRENESCURE will be part of Communauté UrbainePRADELLES de Dunkerque Source: AGUR based on an excerpt from BDcarto®©IGN 2015 "duplication prohibited" Authorisation No. 60.15041 - October 2015 - INSEE 2015

6 The French Flanders-Dunkirk territory

s

hip it e Acc ess fo de r 300,000 North Sea Access for ne s de eFlandre ssandy beach s Du of fin km Mar ina 130,000-tonne130 s 15 -tonne sh 1,100 mooringsmoo Kurs aal A 161 Palais des DuneDun e MMarcMarchandarchandarc hanhand sselssse naturalnatur reserve Brusse s k Cong rès To uge ips nkir (83 ha) f Du DUNKIRKNKIRKNK IR K and Bruge PortPo rt o Plac e “papavillon bleu” ArceloeloelorMirMirMittalttattall Jean BartBar claclassified beach LNG terminalter Bul k t erm ina l Marina 520 moorimooringsngs FerryFer HeaHeavyvy terminalter es googoodsds Con tainertai onones terminmin al ter minalmin ty zzonzones Golf 27 holeholes PlaPlatier d’Oy’Oy e tivi nat ionionalal natura l rreserve GRAVAVELINESAV ININESES AcActi l de g Boi s des ForFortsts and HONDSCHOOTHOHOND E (141 ha) CanalCana debourgbour ForFortt VallièresVVallall (350 ha) Bourbourg BERGRGRGUEUEUESS La C olme

t 6 PAarcrc des rives de l’l’Aa A 1 Sports andand bari andan leisure centre (1577 hha) ais d ga gabaritgabari CalCalais an To TunnelTun BOURBOURG e annel Tun gran

Chann vic

min Canal à gran VolVolunt ary

30 minmi

Aa nat uralura l rresereserveeserve

uttle servic

to Lille: 30 mi WOWORMRMHOUTRM HOUTUT

TGV shutt L’ e u

q c e B e TGVtoTGV to BouloBoulogneBo uloulognegne n e e (Lille-Bo(Lille(Lille-Boulogne-Bo gne:gne 1 hr) P

and Pa A 2 WAWATTENEN To Lille ParisPa 5

(A

1) Mar ais du Ro melaëre national nanaturaltural CASSELCA resreserve(104 ha)

0 MetresMetr 5,000 TGV to Lille:: 303 minin TGV to ParisParis:Pa ris 1hr40hr40

Source: AGUR based on an excerpt from BDcarto®©IGN 2015 "duplication prohibited" Authorisation No. 60.15041 - October 2015

© Michel Guilbert © Laurent Dubus

7 THE FRENCH FLANDERS-DUNKIRK AREA

Zooming in on a number of projects that show the dynamics of the territory TOWARDS A NEW TERRITORY PROJECT FOR THE )5(1&+)/$1'(56˨'81.,5.$5($ TheTh territorial consistency master plan (SCoT) of the French Flanders-DunkirkFl area is currently being revised. Since 1 st January 202014, its territory now covers Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque and CoCommunauté de communes des Hauts de Flandre (See map on page 6)6). The revision has entered an active phase since the first conference of the Mayors of the SCoT held on 17 September 2015. The economic amambition of the territory’s project, "Making use in an optimal, equal anand balanced manner of the many potential economic opportunities ininherent to the urban and rural characteristics of the French Flanders- DuDunkirk area" conveyed by the SCoT since it was approved in 2007 is again challenged. Several issues will have to be dealt with. Let us memention, for example: the hosting of new economic activities regardless of the industry, tourist development, the digital development of the teterritory, the role and the development of agriculture… A new territory project is associated to the revising of the SCoT. This is the challenge of the elected members which will result, in late 2017, in a new ambition for the French Flanders-Dunkirk area for the next 20 years. The French Flanders-Dunkirk area

Un périmètre de 59 communes

KOKSIJDE

DE PANNE BRAY-DUNES /E40 Mer du Nord 16 ZUYDCOOTE A

GHYVELDE DUNKERQUE* LEFFRINCKOUCKE FORT-MARDYCK* VEURNE SAINT-POL-SUR-MER*

A16/E40 UXEM LES MOERES GRANDE-SYNTHE N225 DUNKERQUE COUDEKERQUE-BRANCHE TETEGHEM GRAND-FORT-PHILIPPE LOON-PLAGE COUDEKERQUE CAPPELLE VILLAGE LA-GRANDE OYE-PLAGE GRAVELINES ARMBOUTS-CAPPEL HONDSCHOOTE CRAYWICK SPYCKER BIERNE HOYMILLE WARHEM ALVERINGEM

SAINT-GEORGES-SUR-L'AA N225 BERGUES

KILLEM BROUCKERQUE STEENE SAINT-OMER-CAPELLE BOURBOURG A25 SAINT-FOLQUIN QUAEDYPRE SOCX REXPOEDE CROCHTE PITGAM OOST-CAPPEL WEST-CAPPEL VLETEREN LOOBERGHE BISSEZEELE DRINCHAM WYLDER BAMBECQUE SAINT-PIERREBROUCK

CAPPELLEBROUCK ESQUELBECQ SAINTE-MARIE-KERQUE ERINGHEM ZEGERSCAPPEL POPERINGE AUDRUICQ WORMHOUT HERZEELE HOUTKERQUE MERCKEGHEM BOLLEZEELE LEDRINGHEM POLINCOVE HOLQUE MILLAM RUMINGHEM WINNEZEELE MUNCQ-NIEURLET VOLCKERINCKHOVE ARNEKE WATTEN RUBROUCK OUDEZEELE 0Km 5 WULVERDINGHE BROXEELE ZERMEZEELE STEENVOORDE EPERLECQUES OCHTEZEELE NORDAUSQUES LEDERZEELE SAINT-MOMELIN BAYENGHEM-LES-EPERLECQUES BUYSSCHEURE Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque - CUD (18 communes) NORT-LEULINGHEM NIEURLET CASSEL TERDEGHEM HOULLE SERQUES NOORDPEENE Communauté de communes MOULLE OXELAEREdes Hauts de Flandre - CCHF (41 communes) MENTQUE SAINTE-MARIE-CAPPEL NORTBECOURT TILQUES CLAIRMARAIS EECKE MORINGHEM SAINT-OMER SAINT-MARTIN-AU-LAERT ZUDAUSQUES Dunkerque, Fort-Mardyck et Saint-Pol-sur-Mer sont communesHONDEGHEM associées depuisCAESTRE décembre 2010 BOISDINGHEM * STAPLE TATINGHEMTATINGHEM METEREN LEULINGHEMLEULINGHEM ARQUESARQUES EBBLINGHEMEBBLINGHEM QUELMES PRADELLES ACQUIN-WESTBECOURT BAILLEUL Source : AGURWISQUES d’après un extrait BDcarto®©IGN2014 - arrêtés préfectoraux - SeptembreWALLON-CAPPEL 2014 BORRE CAMPAGNE-LES

8 D(9(/230(172)7+(32572)'81.,5. 2016-2017

This strategic project adopted on 21 November 2014 by the Board of Trustees of Grand port maritime de Dunkerque (the great Dunkerque seaport) aims at levying €242 million for an ambitious project: reaching 57.6 Mn t of traffic by 2018.

P52-(&73+2(1,;'81.,5.'81.,5. This is the revitalising plan for the city centre . Actions include the compulsory refurbishments of facades in the city centre, 20 minutes free parking, CCTV protection... New measures will be announced on the occasion: private operators will be consulted to "Intensify business, attract quality brands and create new commercial loops", a promotion campaign for the market will be organised, a city centre commerce office will be created and financial support will be offered to shopkeepers...

PÑ/((85(.$­75$'8,5(

D.·3/86&8'

Communauté urbaine de Dunkerque has been working on the overhaul of its public transport network with the final objective of making it fare-free. An ambitious project with a €65 million investment, which also encompasses the traffic of cars, two-wheelers and pedestrians.

9