Draft Eia/Emp Report Restoration and Expansion

DRAFT EIA/EMP REPORT For

RESTORATION AND EXPANSION OF GMB PINDARA JETTY AND ALLIED FACILITIES

Existing Pindara Jetty located at Village Virpur, District: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat

Land Area: 4.49 ha

Cargo Handling Capacity: 1.5 Million TPA Mineral Cargo [ToRs letter No.: 10-33/2016-IA.III dated 14.02.2017 and amended ToR dated: 01.11.2017] [Baseline Study Period: 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017] Schedule: Category 7 (e) – B General Condition applicable; hence it will be treated as Cat- A as per EIA Notification 2006 and amendments thereafter. CRZ – IB, CRZ – III and CRZ – IV (A) as per CRZ Notification 2011

APPLICANT: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT: M/s. Bombay Minerals Ltd. Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Jamnagar-Dwarka Highway, (QCI/NABET ACCREDITED NO. Khambhalia 361305 NABET/EIA/1720/ RA 051) Dist. : Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004 January 2018 DECLARATION OF CONSULTANT

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA of Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities of Existing Pindara Jetty for Mineral Cargo Handling Capacity of 1.5 Million TPA at Village: Virpur, Tal: Kalyanpur, Dist: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat.

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA Coordinator : Rekha S. Shah Signature :

Date : 15/12/2017 Period of involvement : Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Contact information : [email protected]

Functional Area Experts

S. Functional Name of Expert Involvement Signature and No. areas (Period and task) date 1. AP Mrs. Rekha Shah Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Site visits followed by selection of monitoring locations, Supervision of air quality monitoring, identification and assessing quantum of emission, Identification of steps and methods for reducing emission and contribution to EIA documentation. 2. WP Mrs. Rekha Shah Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Site visit followed by supervision & checking of sampling locations for surface water & Ground water samples & their analysis results. Auditing water use, water balance, water conservation and developing schemes for reuse of water. Identification of impacts, evaluation of water pollution control management, finalization of mitigation measures and contribution to EIA documentation 3. SHW Mrs. Rekha Shah Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Identification of waste generated from the site, studying adequacy of mitigation measures for management of hazardous waste and contribution to EIA documentation 4. SE Mr. Rahul March 2017 – May 2017 Deshmukh Site visit and collection of secondary and primary from the surrounding area/villages of the proposed project for impact identification and mitigation measures for incorporating to EIA documentation S. Functional Name of Expert Involvement Signature and No. areas (Period and task) date 5. EB Dr. Ashok Kumar Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Rathoure Site visit and conducting ecological survey, assessment of the impacts of proposed project activities on the biological environment, Preparation of Ecological Status report, Preparation of mangrove management plan, budgetary provision, Greenbelt development and contribution to EIA documentation. 6. HG Mrs. Rekha Shah Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Understanding and representing groundwater conditions, supervision of groundwater sampling locations, finalization of survey findings, identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation measures and contribution to the EIA documentation 7. SC Dr. B. K. Patel March 2017 – May 2017 Understanding and representing soil conditions, supervision of soil sampling locations, finalization of survey findings, identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation measures and contribution to the EIA documentation 8. AQ Mr. Sanjeev March 2017 – May 2017 Sharma Developing meteorological data with collected secondary data, prediction, identification of impacts, finalization of mitigation measures and contribution to EIA documentation 9. NV Mr. Sanjeev March 2017 – May 2017 Sharma Checking of noise sampling results, analysis of data, identification of impacts and mitigation measures, and contribution to EIA documentation 10. LU Mr. Joshua Anand March 2017 – May 2017 Generation and analysis of data related to landuse pattern, development of

landuse maps of study area using ArcGIS / related tools, site visit for ground truth survey, finalization of landuse maps, contribution to EIA documentation 11. GEO Mr. Nirzar Lakhia Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 _ Not involved as functional area is rationalized as per QCI Scheme for Accreditation Version 3 12. RH Mr. Amol Vadnere Feb 2017 – Dec 2017 Identification of hazards and hazardous substances, preparation of impacts diagrams & mitigation measures, identifying risk and contribution to EIA documentation

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/ authorized person I, Rekha S. Shah, hereby, confirm that our experts prepared the EIA of Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities of Existing Pindara Jetty for Mineral Cargo Handling Capacity of 1.5 Million TPA at Vill: Virpur, Tal: Kalyanpur, Dist: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat. I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature :

Name : Rekha S. Shah Designation : CEO Name of the EIA Consultant Organization : ECO CHEM SALES & SERVICES Office floor, Ashoka Pavillion – A, Opp. Kapadia Health club, Surat – 395 001 NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date : NABET/EIA/1720/ RA 051, Valid upto February 03, 2020.

BOMBAY MINERALS LIMITED. Draft EIA/EMP Report for Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities for Handling of 1.5 Million TPA Mineral Cargo at Vill: Virpur, Tal: Kalyanpur, Dist: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat.

Contents

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.0 PRELUDE ...... 1 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ...... 2 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT ...... 2 1.2.1 Promoters Background...... 3 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 5 1.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND NEED OF EIA STUDY ...... 8 1.4.1 Environmental Clearance ...... 9 1.4.2 Coastal Regulatory Zone (CRZ) Clearance ...... 10 1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... 10 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT ...... 11 SUMMARY ...... 13 CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 15 2.0 GENERAL ...... 15 2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT ...... 15 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ...... 15 2.3 SITE HISTORY & SITE DESCRIPTION ...... 20 2.3.1 Connectivity ...... 21 2.3.2 Topographic Features ...... 22 2.3.3 Bathymetry, Contour and Elevation Map ...... 23 2.3.4 Climatic Conditions ...... 28 2.3.5 Oceanographic Conditions ...... 29 2.3.6 Environment Sensitivity: ...... 32 2.4 NEED OF CURRENT PROPOSAL ...... 36 2.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT SITE ...... 37 2.6 LAYOUT FOR PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ...... 38 2.6.1 Project Master Plan ...... 38 2.6.2 Description of Facilities ...... 42 2.6.3 Ship Sizes ...... 48 2.6.4 Dredging and Dredge material Disposal ...... 49 2.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT ...... 50 2.7.1 Land Requirement ...... 50 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat i | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

2.7.2 Water Requirement ...... 52 2.7.3 Capital Investment ...... 54 2.7.4 Electricity ...... 54 2.7.5 Manpower Requirement ...... 54 2.8 CARGO HANDLING ACTIVITY ...... 55 2.9 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 57 2.10 ASPECT IMPACT ANALYSIS ...... 57 SUMMARY ...... 59 CHAPTER-3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 60 3.0 GENERAL ...... 60 3.1 BASELINE STUDY AREA AND PERIOD ...... 60 3.2 METHODOLOGY ...... 61 3.2.1 Study Period and Frequency of Sampling ...... 61 3.2.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis ...... 63 3.3 MICROMETEOROLOGY ...... 65 3.3.1 Source of Meteorological Data ...... 65 3.3.2 Temperature ...... 66 3.3.3 Humidity ...... 68 3.3.4 Wind Speed ...... 70 3.3.5 Wind Rose ...... 70 3.3.6 Interpretation of Micrometeorological Data ...... 71 3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 72 3.4.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ...... 72 3.4.2 Frequency and Parameters for Sampling ...... 74 3.4.3 Instruments for Sampling ...... 74 3.4.4 Quality of Ambient Air ...... 74 3.4.5 Summary of Ambient Air Quality ...... 76 3.4.6 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Data ...... 76 3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 76 3.5.1 Sources of Noise Pollution ...... 76 3.5.2 Noise Level in the Study Area ...... 76 3.5.3 Interpretation of Noise Data ...... 78 3.6 LAND ENVIRONMENT ...... 78 3.7 TRAFFIC STUDY ...... 81

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3.7.1 Interpretation of Traffic Study ...... 83 3.7 SOIL QUALITY ...... 83 3.7.1 Summary of Soil Quality ...... 85 3.7.2 Interpretation of Soil Data ...... 85 3.8.1 Reconnaissance ...... 88 3.8.2 Water Quality ...... 88 3.8.4 Ground Water Resources ...... 88 3.8.5 Summary of Ground Water Quality ...... 92 3.8.6 Interpretation of Ground Water Quality Data ...... 92 3.8.7 Surface Water ...... 92 3.8.8 Summary of Surface Water Quality ...... 96 3.8.9 Interpretation of Surface Water Quality Data ...... 96 3.9.10 MARINE WATER ...... 96 3.8.12 Interpretation of Marine Water Quality Data ...... 100 3.9 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY ...... 101 3.10 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 104 3.10.1 Socio-Economic Survey Methodology ...... 104 3.10.2 Demography ...... 106 3.10.3 Population Density and Sex Ratio ...... 106 3.10.4 Literacy Rate ...... 106 3.10.5 Economic Aspects ...... 107 3.10.7 Interpretation of Socio Economic Data ...... 109 3.10.8 Summary ...... 110 CHAPTER – 4 ...... 111 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 111 4.0 GENERAL ...... 111 4.1 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE...... 111 4.1.1 Matrix Representation ...... 112 4.1.2 Air Environment ...... 116 4.1.3 Water Environment ...... 117 4.1.3 Soil Environment ...... 119 4.1.4 Noise Environment ...... 120 4.1.5 Land Use/Land Cover ...... 121 4.1.6 Hydrogeology ...... 122

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4.1.7 Geology ...... 122 4.1.8 Solid/Hazardous Wastes ...... 123 4.1.9 Risk and Hazards ...... 123 4.1.10 Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 124 4.1.11 Socio-Economy ...... 126 4.2 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE ...... 128 4.2.1 Matrix Representation ...... 128 4.2.2 Air Environment ...... 130 4.2.3 Water Environment ...... 134 4.2.4 Soil Environment ...... 136 4.2.5 Noise Environment ...... 137 4.2.6 Land Use/Land Cover ...... 137 4.2.7 Hydrogeology ...... 138 4.2.8 Geology ...... 138 4.2.9 Solid/Hazardous Wastes ...... 139 4.2.10 Risk and Hazards ...... 139 4.2.11 Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 140 4.2.12 Socio-Economy ...... 142 SUMMARY ...... 145 CHAPTER – 5 ...... 146 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE) ...... 146 5.0 GENERAL ...... 146 5.1 ALTERNATIVES FOR SITE selection ...... 146 5.2 ALTERNATIVES FOR Facilities selection ...... 150 5.3 TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVES ...... 152 SUMMARY ...... 154 CHAPTER – 6 ...... 155 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM...... 155 6.0 GENERAL ...... 155 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Program ...... 155 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS TO BE MONITORED ...... 155 6.3 MONITORING PARAMETERS and FREQUENCY ...... 156 6.4 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES ...... 158 6.5 PROGRESS MONITORING AND REPORTING ARRANGEMENTS ...... 158

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6.6 DOCUMENTATION and RECORDS ...... 159 6.7 BUDGET and PROCUREMENT SCHEDULE ...... 159 SUMMARY ...... 160 CHAPTER 7 ...... 161 ADDITIONAL STUDIES ...... 161 7.0 GENERAL ...... 161 7.1 PUBLIC HEARING ...... 161 7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY ...... 161 7.2.1 Objectives of Hazard Identification Study ...... 161 7.2.2 Probable Hazards and Mitigation Measures ...... 162 7.2.3 Disaster Management Plan ...... 165 7.2.4 Natural Hazards...... 166 7.2.5 Manmade Disasters ...... 170 7.2.6 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) ...... 179 7.3 MARINE EIA & EMP Report ...... 185 7.4 Wildlife clearance & forest clerance ...... 186 SUMMARY ...... 187 CHAPTER – 8 ...... 188 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 188 8.0 GENERAL ...... 188 8.1 PHYSICAL BENEFITS ...... 188 8.2 SOCIAL BENEFITS ...... 188 8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ...... 189 8.4 ECONOMICAL BENEFITS ...... 189 8.5 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS ...... 189 8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS ...... 190 SUMMARY ...... 190 CHAPTER – 9 ...... 191 PROJECT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...... 191 9.0 GENERAL ...... 191 9.1 APPLICABILITY OF CBA AND SUMMARY ...... 191 CHAPTER – 10 ...... 192 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 192 10.0 GENERAL ...... 192 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat v | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

10.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 192 10.1.1 Land Environment and Solid/Hazardous Waste Management ...... 192 10.1.2 Air Environment Management ...... 194 10.1.3 Water Environment ...... 196 10.1.4 Biological Environment ...... 197 10.1.5 Noise Environment ...... 199 10.1.6 Occupational Health and Safety ...... 200 10.1.7 Greenbelt Development Plan ...... 203 10.1.8 Mangrove Management Plan ...... 207 10.1.9 Bauxite Cargo Spill Management Plan ...... 209 10.1.10 Oil Spill Management Plan ...... 209 10.2 TRANSPORATION/ TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 210 10.2.1 Traffic Management Plan for Vehicles ...... 210 10.2.1 Traffic Management Plan for Vessels ...... 211 10.3 CLEANER PRODUCTION PRACTICES ...... 213 10.3.1 Conservation of Water...... 213 10.3.2 Reduction in wastage and spillage of Cargo ...... 213 10.3.3 Conservation of Energy ...... 213 10.4 DRAINAGE and SEWAGE NETWORK ...... 214 10.4.1 Rainwater Recharging System ...... 214 10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISIONS FOR EMS ...... 215 10.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC) ...... 215 10.7 SOCIAL WELFARE AND UPLIFTMENT PLAN ...... 216 SUMMARY ...... 220 CHAPTER – 11 ...... 221 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ...... 221 11.0 GENERAL ...... 221 11.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 221 11.2 PROPOSED PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 222 11.2.1 Cargo Handling Capacity ...... 222 11.2.2 Project Facilities ...... 222 11.2.3 Resource Requirement ...... 222 11.2.3 Waste Handling Systems ...... 223 11.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 224 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat vi | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

7. Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 225 8. Socio Economic ...... 225 11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS and MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 225 11.5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 226 11.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 226 11.7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES...... 226 11.8 PROJECT BENEFIT ...... 226 11.9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...... 226 11.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 227 11.11 CONCLUSION ...... 227 CHAPTER – 12 ...... 228 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED...... 228 12.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 228 12.1 Team Member for EIA Report ...... 228 12.2 Laboratory Involved for Baseline Monitoring and Other Analysis ...... 229

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1: Name and Contact Details for the Proposed Project ...... 3 Table 1.2: Promoters Details ...... 3 Table 1.3: Brief description of the Project ...... 6 Table 1.4: Structure of the EIA Report ...... 11 Table 2.1: Coordinates for Onshore & offshore facilities ...... 16 Table 2.2: Connectivity from the Project Site ...... 21 Table 2.3: Connectivity from the Project Site ...... 21 Table 2.4: Climatic Conditions of District Devbhumi Dwarka ...... 28 Table 2.5: Details of Tide Levels ...... 29 Table 2.6(a): Environmental Sensitivity Landforms ...... 32 Table 2.6 (b): Site facilities in Marine Sanctuary & Eco Sensitive Zone ...... 36 Table 2.7: Storage Area Breakup (BML) ...... 47 Table 2.8: Dimension of anticipated barges for proposed facility ...... 48 Table 2.9: Draft Requirements for barges of different capacity ...... 48 Table 2.10: Land Break up Details ...... 50 Table 2.11: Water Consumption Details ...... 53 Table 2.12: Cost Breakup ...... 54 Table 2.13: Manpower Requirement ...... 55 Table 2.14: Project Implementation Schedule ...... 57 Table 2.15: Aspect Impact Analysis ...... 57 Table 3.1: Frequency of Environmental Sampling...... 62 Table 3.2: Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis ...... 63 Table 3.3 Minimum and Maximum Temperature data in Daily basis (March‘17 to May‘17) ...... 66 Table 3.4 Minimum & Maximum Humidity data in Daily basis (March‘17 to May‘17) ...... 68 Table 3.5: Minimum and Maximum Wind Speed data in Monthly basis ...... 70 Table 3.6 Environment Monitoring Locations in the Study Region ...... 73 Table 3.7 Details of Analysis Method ...... 74 Table 3.8 Minimum, Maximum, Average and Percentile Value of PM10 and PM2.5 ...... 75 (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 75 Table 3.9 Minimum, Maximum, Average and Percentile Value of SO2 and NOx ...... 75 (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 75 Table 3.10 Noise Monitoring Location ...... 77 Table 3.11 Noise Monitoring Report during Day Time (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 77 Table 3.12 Noise Monitoring Report during Night Time (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 78 Table 3.13 Land Use Statistic (10 km) ...... 80 Table 3.14 Type of Vehicle ...... 82 Table 3.15 (a) Baseline Traffic Scenario (March‘17) ...... 82 Table 3.15(b) LOS interpretation ...... 82 Table 3.15 (c) Existing Traffic Scenario with respect to LOS ...... 82 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat viii | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Table 3.16 Soil Monitoring Locations in the Study Region ...... 84 Table 3.17: Results of Soil Samples (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 84 Table 3-18: Generalized Stratigraphic sequence by GSI ...... 86 Table 3.19: Stratigraphic Sequence ...... 87 Table 3.20 Test reports of Hydrology ...... 87 Table 3.21 Details of Ground Water Sampling Locations ...... 89 Table 3.22 Ground Water Analysis Results (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 90 Table 3.23 Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations ...... 93 Table 3.24 Surface water Analysis Results (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17) ...... 94 Table 3.26 Details of Marine Water Sampling Locations ...... 97 Table 4.1: Impact Identification Matrix (Construction Phase) ...... 112 Table 4.2: Severity Criteria for Magnitude of Impacts ...... 113 Table 4.3: Cumulative Score for beneficial and adverse impacts ...... 114 Table 4.4 Environmental Impact Matrix without Mitigation Measures (Construction Phase) ...... 115 Table 4.5: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air Environment ...... 116 Table 4.6: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Water Environment ...... 117 Table 4.7: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Soil Environment ...... 119 Table 4.8: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Noise Environment ...... 120 Table 4.9: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Land Cover/ Land Use ...... 121 Table 4.10: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Hydrogeology ...... 122 Table 4.11: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Geology ...... 122 Table 4.12: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Solid/ Hazardous Wastes ...... 123 Table 4.13: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Risk and Hazards ...... 123 Table 4.14 Impact and Mitigation Measures on Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 124 Table 4.15: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Socio Economic conditions ...... 126 Table 4.16: Environmental Impact Matrix with Mitigation Measures (Construction Phase) ...... 127 Table 4.17: Impact Identification Matrix (Operation Phase) ...... 128 Table 4.18: Environmental Impact Matrix without Mitigation Measures (Operation Phase) ...... 129 Table 4.19: Calculation of D.G.Set Height ...... 130 Table 4.20: Vehicles required daily ...... 130 Table 4.21: Recommendations on Traffic Capacity as per IRC 2010 ...... 131 Table 4.22: Transportation Load ...... 131 Table 4.23: Modified Traffic Scenario and LOS ...... 132 Table 4.22: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air Environment ...... 133 Table 4.23: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Water Environment ...... 134 Table 4.24: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Soil Environment ...... 136 Table 4.25: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Noise Environment ...... 137 Table 4.26: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Land Cover/ Land Use ...... 137 Table 4.27: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Hydrogeology ...... 138 Table 4.28: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Hydrogeology ...... 138 Table 4.29: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Solid/ Hazardous Wastes ...... 139 Table 4.30: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Risk and Hazards ...... 139 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat ix | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Table 4.31: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 140 Table 4.32: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Socio Economic conditions ...... 142 Table 4.33: Environmental Impact Matrix with Mitigation Measures (Operation Phase) ...... 143 Table 5.1 Alternative Site - 1 ...... 150 Table 5.2 Alternative Site - 2 ...... 151 Table 5.3 Alternative Site – 3 (Selected Site)...... 151 Table 5.4: Technology Alternatives ...... 152 Table 6.1 – Post Project Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 156 Table 6.2: Monitoring Methodologies ...... 158 Table 7.1: Natural Hazards ...... 162 Table 7.2: Manmade Hazards ...... 163 Table 7.3: ECC details ...... 180 Table 7.4: Various Signals Used For Different Types of Emergencies ...... 180 Table 7.5: Emergency Contact Details ...... 181 Table 7.6: List of Important Contacts of Outside Agencies ...... 184 Table 10.1 – Waste Disposal Details ...... 193 Table 10.2: Five year Plan for Greenbelt ...... 203 Table 10.3: List of Species for Greenbelt Development as per CPCB ...... 206 Table 10.4: List of Mangrove/s encountered in the study area ...... 207 Table 10.5: Key elements of mangrove management ...... 207 Table 10.6: Ten year Plan for Mangrove Plantation ...... 208 Table 10.7: Recurring Budget for Mangrove Management ...... 208 Table 10.8: Traffic Management Plan ...... 211 Table 10.9: Rainwater Harvesting Calculation ...... 214 Table 10.10: Cost Break-Up For Environment Management System (EMS) ...... 215 Table 10.11: Recurring Cost Per Annum ...... 215 Table 10.12: Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) Plan ...... 217 Table 11.1: Resource Requirement ...... 222 Table 11.2: Waste Handling System ...... 223 Table 11.3: Summary of Baseline Status...... 224 Table 12.1: EIA Team Member ...... 228

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Location of the Proposed Project Site ...... 7 Figure 2.1: Google Earth Image (Short View) ...... 17 Figure 2.2: Google Earth Image (Long View) ...... 18 Figure 2.3: Site Photographs ...... 19 Figure 2.4: Site Photographs ...... 20 Figure 2.5: Map showing Road and Rail Connectivity ...... 22 Figure 2.6: Map showing Topography of the Study Area ...... 23 Figure 2.7: Bathymetry Survey of the area ...... 24 Figure 2.8: Contour Map of Project Site ...... 25 Figure 2.9: Contour Map of 10 km radius of Study Area ...... 26 Figure 2.10: Elevation Map of 10 km radius of Study Area ...... 27 Figure 2.11: Shoreline Change Map ...... 31 Figure 2.12: Sensitive Landforms ...... 33 Figure 2.13: Map showing Environmental Sensitive Landforms on Google Earth ...... 34 Figure 2.14: Map showing Environmental Sensitive Landforms ...... 35 Figure 2.15: Layout Plan...... 39 Figure 2.16: Site Plan ...... 40 Figure 2.17: CRZ map having superimposed Project Layout ...... 41 Figure 2.18: Drawing of Approach Trestle ...... 43 Figure 2.19: Flowchart of Construction Methodology ...... 44 Figure 2.20: Sectional Drawing of Approach Trestle ...... 46 Figure 2.21: Map showing Land break up (Long view) ...... 51 Figure 2.22: Map showing Land break up (short view) ...... 52 Figure 2.23: Water Balance Diagram ...... 53 Figure 2.24: Overall Operation Cycle to Export Mineral Cargo ...... 55 Figure 3.1: Study Area Map ...... 61 Figure 3.2 Photographs Showing Sampling Activities ...... 65 Figure 3.3 Date wise Temperature Variation ...... 67 Figure 3.4 Date wise Humidity Variation ...... 69 Figure 3.5: Wind Rose Diagram (1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17)...... 71 Figure 3.6: Map Showing the Study Region with Locations for Ambient Air...... 73 Figure 3.7 Map Showing the Study Region with Locations for Ambient Noise ...... 77 Figure 3.8: Methodology Used for Land use Classification and Mapping ...... 79 Figure 3.9: Land Use Map ...... 80 Figure 3.10: Pie Chart of Percentage Cover of Land...... 81 Figure 3.11 Map showing the Study Region with Locations for Soil ...... 83 Figure 3.12 Geological map of Gujarat ...... 86 Figure 3.13 Map Showing the Study Region with Locations for Ground Water ...... 89 Figure 3.14 Map showing the Locations for Surface Water ...... 93 Figure 3.15 Map showing the locations for Marine water ...... 97 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xi | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Figure 3.16 Socio-Economic Photographs ...... 105 Figure 3.17 Graph of Literacy Rate ...... 107 Figure 3.18 Occupational Structure of Study Area ...... 108 Figure 4.1 Impact Probability Matrix ...... 113 Figure 5.1: Road distance b/w Mines near Virpur to to Rozi port, Jamnagar (~113 km) ...... 146 Figure 5.2: Road Distance b/w Mines to Porbandar Port (~ 92 km) ...... 147 Figure 5.3: Road distance b/w Mines to Okha port (~ 81.00 km) ...... 147 Figure 5.4: Road Distance b/w Mines to Pindara Jetty (~ 12 km) ...... 148 Figure 5.5: Site Alternatives ...... 150 Figure 5.6 Final Selected Site ...... 152 Figure 7.1: Flood Map of Gujarat ...... 166 Figure 7.2: Earthquake Map of Gujarat ...... 167 Figure 7.3: Cyclone Map of Gujarat ...... 168 Figure 7.4: Tsunami Map of Gujarat ...... 169 Figure 10.1: Plant layout with Greenbelt ...... 204

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LIST OF ANNEXURES

Annexure – 1: NABET Certificate ...... 230 Annexure – 2: TOR Letter...... 231 Annexure – 3: Notification of Pindara Jetty - 18th July 1963 Notification of Marine Sanctuary - 1982 and Eco Sensitive Zone 22nd August 2013 ...... 232 Annexure – 4: Approval from GMB for utilization of Pindara Jetty ...... 233 Annexure – 5: NOC from GMB for utilization of Pindara Jetty ...... 234 Annexure – 6: Ecology & Biodiversity Survey of Report ...... 235 Annexure – 7: Mangrove Management Plan submitted for Forest Clearance ...... 236 Annexure – 8: Acknowledgment copy of Wildlife Clearance Application & Current Status ...... 237 Annexure – 9: Acknowledgment copy of Forest Clearance Application & Current Status ...... 238 Annexure – 10: Comparative study of water samples ...... 239 Annexure – 11: Bathymetry Survey Report ...... 240 Annexure – 12: Marine EIA Report ...... 241

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ABBREVIATIONS

APHA American Public Health Association ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials BML Bombay Minerals Limited BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand CC&A Consolidated Consent & Authorization CD Chart Datum CH Costal Highway COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CP Cleaner Production CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CRZ Coastal Regulatory Zone CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CTE Consent to Establish DMP Disaster Management Plan DWT Dead Weight Tonnage EB data Ecology & Biodiversity data EC Environmental Clearance ECSS Eco Chem Sales and Services EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environmental Management Cell EMP Environmental Management Plan EMS Environmental Management Systems ESC Enterprise Social Commitment ESZ Eco Sensitive Zone FC Forest Clearance GCZMA Gujarat Coastal Zone Management Authority GMB Gujarat Maritime Board GPCB Gujarat Pollution Control Board HTL High Tide Line LTL Low Tide Line LOA Length Overall LOI Letter of Intent LU/LC Land Use/Land Cover MHHW Mean Highest High Water MHLW Mean High Low Water MHWS Mean High Water Springs MLHW Mean Low High Water MLLW Mean Lowest Low Water MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change MSL Mean Sea Level NBC National Building Code NBWL National Board foo Wildlife NOC No Objection Certificate NH National Highway Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xiv | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

PH Public Hearing PPEs Personal Protective Equipment RWH Rain Water Harvesting SH State Highway SE data Socio Economic data TSS Total Suspended Solids TDS Total Dissolved Solids ToRs Terms of Reference USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency W.C. Policy Workers Compensation Policy

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TOR COMPLIANCE

ToR Description Reply Citation No. Additional ToRs

1. Importance and benefits of the project. The project will provide Section 2.4 of Chapter economical transportation -2, Page no. 36-37 facility to the bauxite mines located nearby. The project entails benefits in the social and economic Chapter 8 of EIA spheres to the locality and report, page no. 188- nation at large. The project will provide employment to the 190 local population and carry out social welfare activities for the people residing in the nearby villages. 2. Submit a copy of layout superimposed CRZ map has been prepared Figure 2.17 of Section on the HTL/LTL map demarcated by an by authorized agency i.e. Anna 2.5 of Chapter – 2, authorized agency on 1:4000 scale. University. Project boundaries, facilities are superimposed and page no. 41 clearly demarcated on the same on a scale of 1:4000 3. Recommendation of the SCZMA. Application to the Gujarat -- Coastal Zone Management Authority (GCZMA) for Recommendation of CRZ clearance will be submitted after public hearing. 4. Stage-1 forest clearance to be Application for Forest Attached as submitted. Clearance is already done vide Annexure – 9, page proposal No: no. 238 P/GJ/Others/20085/2. Stage-1 Forest Clearance is under process. 5. NBWL clearance is required. Application NBWL Clearance is Attached as done vide proposal No: Annexure – 8, page FP/GJ/Others/708/2016. Same no. 237 is under process 6. Various Dock and shipbuilding facilities The proposed project does not -- with capacities for existing and proposed envisage dock and shipbuilding project. facilities, it only envisages handling of Bauxite mineral cargo. 7. Study the impact of dredging on the Sub Section 2.6.4, No capital dredging is required, shore line. Section 2.6 of Chapter as maximum -0.2 m CD draft is -2, Page no. 49 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xvi | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

ToR Description Reply Citation No. required for operation of 1000 tonnes barges, which is

already available at the berthing facility.

Sediment transport modeling Figure 2.11 of Section has been carried out for 2.3.5 of Chapter – 2, accretion and erosion, from page no. 31 study it is concluded that no significant erosion or deposition will be take place. Moreover, from the map prepared by Anna University it is evident that proposed project is falls under stable coastal zone 8. A detailed impact analysis of rock Rock dredging will not be Sub section dredging. required. However impacts due 4.1.3,4.1.4 & 4.1.11 of to excavation of earth due to Section 4.1 of Chapter off shore construction activity -4, Page no. 117 -120 have been identified and & 124-125 mitigation measures for the respectively. same are proposed. Marine EIA is Attached as Annexure – 12 (Chapter-6 page no. 72 & chapter-7 page no.74)

9. Study the impact of dredging and No capital or Maintenance Attached as dumping on marine ecology and draw up dredging will be required for Annexure – 12, page a management plan through the NIO or proposed project. no. 241 any other institute specializing in marine ecology. A detailed Marine EIA/EMP report has been prepared by NIO. 10. A detailed analysis of the physic- A detailed comparison of the Attached as chemical and biotic components in the physic-chemical and biotic Annexure – 10, page highly turbid waters round the project components in the highly turbid no. 239 site (as exhibited in the Google Map waters and blue water has show during the presentation), compare been carried out. it with the physico-chemical and biotic components in the adjacent clearer (blue) waters both in terms of baseline and impact assessment and draw up a management plan. 11. Details of Emission, effluents, solid No flue gas or process Sub section 10.1.2 of Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xvii | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

ToR Description Reply Citation No. waste and hazardous waste generation emission will be generated Section 10.1 of and their management in the existing from proposed project. Utility Chapter -10, Page no. and proposed facilities. requirement of the project 194 envisages use of D.G.Set only in case of power failure. Adequate stack height of 11 m has been suggested with D.G.Set.

Only domestic sewage will be Sub section 10.1.3 of generated from proposed Section 10.1 of facility, which will be treated in Chapter -10, Page no. septic tank/soak pit system. No 194-197 industrial wastewater will be generated from proposed unit.

Solid /Hazardous waste like Sub section 10.1.1 of Used oil and Discarded Section 10.1 of containers will be generated Chapter -10, Page no. which will be disposed as per 192 the Hazardous Waste Rules, 2016.

Sources and control measures for all the attributes is given in EIA report. 12. The existing project should avail of and Noted and Agreed -- submit consent to operate from the State Pollution Control Board. 13. Requirement of water, power, with the Total water requirement will be Sub Section 2.7.2, source of supply, status of approval, 4.6 KLD and will be obtained Page no.52-53 water balance diagram, man-power from Private tankers; power of Sub Section 2.7.4, requirement (regular and contract). 120 KVA will be sourced from Page no.54 Electricity board and Sub Section 2.7.5, Manpower of 50 nos. during Page no.54-55 of the construction phase and 15 section 2.7, Chapter 2 nos. during the operation phase will be required. 14. Wastewater management plan. Only domestic sewage will be Sub section 10.1.3 of generated which will be Section 10.1 of disposed off in septic tank/soak Chapter -10, Page no. pit system. 194-197

15. Details of Environmental Monitoring Post Project Monitoring Plan Chapter 6 of EIA Plan. for the project has also been report, Page no. 155- developed for various 160 environmental parameters for air environment, water

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ToR Description Reply Citation No. environment, greenbelt development, noise level, etc.

16. To prepare a detailed biodiversity impact A detailed biodiversity impact Marine EIA is assessment report and management assessment report and Attached as Annexure plan through the NIOS or any other management plan has been – 12 institute if repute on marine, brackish prepared by CSIR – NIO. (Chapter-6, Section water and fresh water ecology and Field survey has been carried 6.1.3, page no. 74 biodiversity. The report shall study the out for ascertaining base line &6.1.4, page no. 75 impact on the rivers, estuary and the sea status of coastal and marine 6.1.5, page no. 75 ) and include the intertidal biotopes, corals flora, fauna, including that of and coral communities, molluscs, sea phytoplankton and ((Chapter-6, Section grasses, sea weeds, subtidal habitats, zooplankton. 6.2.4, page no. 76) fishes, other marine and aquatic micro, Impacts of the proposed macro and mega flora and fauna activities on the ecology and including benthos, plankton, turtles, birds biodiversity of the study area etc. as also the productivity. The data are predicted and adequate collection and impact assessment shall mitigation measures have been be as per standard survey methods. suggested. 17. Disaster Management Plan for the above Detailed Disaster Management Sub Section 7.2.3 & terminal. Plan with Onsite and Offsite 7.2.6, Section 7.2, DMP for the Pindara Terminal Page no. 164 & 179 has been formulated and Chapter 7 followed in case of any emergency. 18. Layout plan of existing and proposed Layout Plan showing greenbelt Figure 10.1, Page Greenbelt. area is prepared. Greenbelt will No:204 be developed within the Sub Section 10.1.7, premises at an area of 5540 Section 10.1, Page m2. Locally thriving tree no. 203 of Chapter 10 species will be planted and developed for this purpose. 19. Status of court case pending against the No court case is pending -- project. against the project. 20. A tabular chart with index for point wise TOR compliance is prepared Page No: xvi to xxv compliance of above TORs. and incorporated in the EIA report. 21. Public hearing to be conducted and Public Hearing is yet to be -- issues raised and commitments made by conducted. Action Plan with the project proponent on the same financial budget will be should be included in EIA/EMP report in incorporated in the final EIA the form of tabular chart with financial report. budget for complying with the commitments made.

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ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs 1. Reasons for selecting the site with details Due to reduction in distance, Section 5.1, Page of alternate sites there will be fuel saving, money no. 146 of Chapter 5 examined/rejected/selected on merit with saving and reduction in traffic comparative statement and reason/basis load. for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of Total 260 Nos. of vehicles will environmental angle, resources be reduced on daily basis sustainability associated with selected because the same truck cannot site as compared to rejected sites. The make another trip in such a analysis should include parameters short period of time. Thus, from considered along with weightage criteria execution of this jetty (cargo for short-listing selected site. handling) manpower, energy, mass, time, money will be saved. As compared to other alternative sites, mangrove area of only 1546 m2 will only be damaged. The site has been selected in such a way that there will be least destruction / damage to the mangrove species. 2. Details of the land use break-up for the Land Use map of the study Figure No. 3.9 of proposed project. Details of land use area is prepared using United Section 3.6 of around 10 km radius of the project site. States Geological Survey Chapter – 3, page no. Examine and submit detail of land use (USGS) Satellite Data of Land 80 around 10 km radius of the project site sat 8 showing location of the and map of the project area and 10 km Project site, Marine Sanctuary area from boundary of the and Eco Sensitive Zone. proposed/existing project area, delineating project areas notified under Land Use pattern is shown in the wild life (Protection) Act, the LU/LC map. 1972/critically polluted areas as identified by the CPCB from time to time/notified eco-sensitive areas/interstate boundaries and international boundaries. Analysis should be made based on latest satellite imagery for land use with raw images. 3. Submit the present land use and As the proposed project is Attached as permission required for any conversion restoration and expansion of Annexure – 4, page such as forest, agriculture etc. land existing GMB Pindara jetty, the no. 233 acquisition status, rehabilitation of present land use pattern is not communities/ villages and present status going to change. of such activities. NOC permission from GMB for Attached as utilization of existing Land is Annexure – 5, page Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xx | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs already obtained. no. 234

Forest Clearance and Wildlife Attached as Annexure clearance is under process. – 8 & 9, respectively, Acknowledgment copy of the page no. 237 & 238 same is attached. 4. Examine and submit the water bodies Major water body surrounding including the seasonal ones within the the project site is Pindara bay, corridor of impacts along with their status, a part of the Gulf of Kachchh. volumetric capacity, and quality likely Its baseline status, impacts and impacts on them due to the project. mitigation measures are depicted in the Marine EIA report. 5. Submit a copy of the contour plan with Contour plan with slopes and Figure No: 2.8 & 2.9 slopes, drainage pattern of the site and drainage pattern is Chapter 2 surrounding area. incorporated in the EIA report. Section 2.3.3, page no. 25 & 26

6. Submit the details of terrain, level with No filling is required to raise -- respect to MSL, filling required, source of the land level as the proposed filling materials and transportation details project is restoration and etc. expansion of existing Pindara jetty, which is already developed by GMB.

Contour map and Elevation Figure No: 2.9 & 2.10 map is incorporated in the EIA Chapter 2 report. Section 2.3.3, page no. 26 & 27

7. Examine road/rail connectivity to the Proposed project connect with Section 3.7, Page project site and impact on the existing State (Coastal) Highway No. 6 no. 8 of Chapter 3 traffic network due to the proposed and National Highway No. 947. project/activities. A detailed traffic and Proposed project will attract to Sub Section 4.2.2, transportation study should be made for commercial vehicles as a result Page no.130 of existing and projected passenger and traffic load will also increase on Chapter 4 cargo traffic. highways. The internal road connecting he project site to Section 10.2, Page SH-6 passes via Limbda no. 210 of Chapter 10 village. 8. Submit details regarding R&R involved in No R&R will be required as the -- the project. project will be developed at the existing Pindara jetty. 9. Submit a copy of layout superimposed on Layout superimposed on the Figure 2.17 of Section the HTL/LTL map demarcated by an CRZ map has been prepared 2.5 of Chapter – 2, authorized agency on 1:4000 scale along by approved agency i.e. Anna page no. 41

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ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs with the recommendation of the SCZMA. University on a scale of 1:4000.

Recommendation from GCZMA is yet to be obtained.

10. Submit the status of shore line change at The site falls under stable Figure 2.11 of Section the project site. coast as per the Status of 2.3 of Chapter – 2, Shoreline Change map page no. 31 prepared by Anna University for Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change. 11. Details of the layout plan including details Layout Plan of the project site Figure 2.15 of Section of channel, breakwaters, dredging, including the channel, jetty, 2.6 of Chapter – 2, disposal and reclamation. mooring dolphins, approach page no. 39 trestle and the port premises is incorporated in the EIA report. 12. Details of handling of each cargo, Only Bauxite mineral Cargo will Section 2.8, Page storage, transport along with spillage be handled at the proposed no.55 of Chapter – 2 control, dust preventive measures. port. Details of handling, storage and transportation of the same are given in the EIA report. 13. Submit the details of fishing activity and There is no fishing activity is likely impacts on the fishing activity due to carried out in the proposed the project. project site, hence fishing activity will not be disturbed by the cargo vessels and port activity.

Details of fish catch and fishing Marine EIA is activity in the Pindara bay Attached as Annexure region are given in the Marine – 12 (Table 4.22) EIA report. 14. Details of oil spill contingency plan. No oily/liquid cargo will be Sub Section 10.1.10, handled in proposed project. Section 10.1, Page no. 209 of Chapter 10 There are no major sources of Oil in the proposed project. Only HSD will be used in the Marine EIA is barges and vessels as a fuel. A Attached as Annexure Hydrodyn-OILSOFT, dedicated – 12 (Section 5.2, software for oil spill trajectory Page no.63 of modeling is used for prediction Chapter – 5) of oil spill scenarios in the Pindara Jetty for various meteorological and hydrological conditions.

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ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs

However, a detailed oil spill Sub Section 10.1.10, contingency plan has been Section 10.1, Page prepared. no. 209 of Chapter 10

15. Details of bathymetry study. Bathymetry study has been Figure 2.7, Section carried out by Geostar Surveys 2.3.3 of chapter-2 India Pvt Ltd. Bathymetry Map has been Attached as prepared on a scale of 1:4000. Annexure – 11, page no. 240

16. Details of ship tranquility study. Sub Section 2.3.5, Proposed Project site is Section 2.3, Page no. located within existing port limit 29 of Chapter 2 of GMB & located in Pindara

bay. The bay is well protected from adverse wave conditions and it is expected that wave height at berthing location will be within operational limit requirements. As per the waves & current study performed at the proposed port location, it was found that the significant wave height is within the acceptable limits for handling cargo through-out the year. 17. Examine the details of water requirement, There will water requirement of Figure 2.23, Sub impact on competitive user, treatment only 4.6 KLD, which will be Section 2.7.2 page no: details, and use of treated waste water. sourced from private tankers. 52 of Chapter 2 Prepare a water balance chart. Thus, no competitive users will be affected by the water Sub Section 4.2.3 requirement. Sewage will be page no: 134 of treated and disposed off in Chapter 4 Septic tank/soak pit system.

18. Details of rainwater harvesting and Rain water harvesting will be Sub Section 10.4.1 utilization of rain water. carried out and it will be utilized page no: 214 of for gardening and dust Chapter 10 suppression. 19. Examine details of Solid waste generation Wastes like Used Oil and Sub Section 10.1.1 treatment and its disposal. Discarded Containers will be Section 10.1, page no: generated. These wastes will 192 of Chapter 10 be stored at separate ‗Earmarked Storage‘ Area and

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ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs disposed off by selling to registered refiners and recyclers. 20. Details of desalination plant and the study Not applicable -- for outfall and intake. 21. Examine baseline environmental quality Baseline Environmental Study Section 3.4, page no: along with projected incremental load due has been undertaken for the 72 of Chapter 3 to the proposed project/activities. study period of 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017. 22. The air quality monitoring should be Ambient air monitoring was Sub section 3.4.4, carried out according to the notification conducted for 6 numbers of Section 3.4, page no: issued on 16th November, 2009. locations during 1st March 74 of Chapter 3 2017 to 31st May 2017. Site selection was done considering the wind direction and one location was selected in the downwind direction NE and one in upwind direction as control SW as per CPCB guidelines. 23. Examine separately the details for Environmental Management Section 10.1, Section construction and operation phases both Plan has been formulated page no: 192 of for Environmental Management Plan and keeping in mind the activities of Chapter 10 Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost the project impacting the and parameters. environment during construction and operation phase.

A budget of Rs. 55.00 Lakhs Section 10.5, Section has been allocated for EMP. page no: 215 of Chapter 10

Post Project Environmental Table 6.1 Section 6.3, Monitoring will be carried out page no: 156 of for different parameters at a Chapter 6 regular interval. 24. Submit details of a comprehensive Risk Risk Assessment Study has Section 7.2 page no: Assessment and Disaster Management been carried out for identifying 161 of Chapter 7 Plan including emergency evacuation various risks/hazards and a during natural and man-made disasters. DMP including Onsite as well as Offsite DMP has been formulated. 25. Submit details of the trees to be cut No terrestrial trees will be cut Section 10.1.8 page including their species and whether it also only 1400 nos. of mangroves no 207 of Chapter 10 involves any protected or endangered will be destructed due to species. Measures taken to reduce the construction of approach number of the trees to be removed should trestle.

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ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs be explained in detail. Submit the details The most suitable site has of compensatory plantation. Explore the been carefully selected based possibilities of relocating the existing on minimum number of trees. mangroves will be destroyed. A mangrove management plan has been formulated for compensating the loss of mangroves and conservation of the species.

Site selection for mangrove replantation will be done in consultation with Forest Department. 26. Examine the details of afforestation Greenbelt will be developed at Section 10.1.7 page measures indicating land and financial the project site within an area no 203 of Chapter 10 outlay. Landscape plan, green belts and of 5540 m2 out of the total plot open spaces may be described. A thick area. Detailed Greenbelt green belt should be planned all around Development Plan with the nearest settlement to mitigate noise budgetary provision of Rs. 1.68 and vibrations. The identification of Lakh has been allocated for the species/plants should be made based on proposed project. the botanical studies. Species for greenbelt plantation have been selected as locally thriving, less water requiring and pollution abating tree species. 27. The Public Hearing should be conducted Public Hearing is yet to be -- for the project in accordance with conducted. Action Plan with provisions of Environmental Impact financial budget will be Assessment Notification, 2006 and the incorporated in the final EIA issues raised by the public should be report. addressed in the Environmental Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of the Meeting available on the web-site. 28. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be A detailed draft EIA/EMP report prepared in accordance with the above has been prepared in additional TOR and should be submitted accordance with TORs to the Ministry in accordance with the provided by the MoEF&CC. Notification. 29. Details of litigation pending against the No litigation pending against -- project, if any, with direction /order the project. passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given. 30. The cost of the Project (capital cost and The proposed project Sub Section 2.7.3, Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat xxv | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

ToR. ToRs Point Reply Citation No Standard ToRs recurring cost) as well as the cost envisages capital requirement section 2.7 page no towards implementation of EMP should of Rs. 8.0 Crores for 54 of Chapter 2 be clearly spelt out. development of the infrastructure for the proposed restoration and expansion of existing jetty.

Capital Cost of Environment Management Systems and Environmental Monitoring Equipment etc will be Rs. 0.55 Crores.

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CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 PRELUDE

Industrialization is a key factor in the development of nations worldwide. Like every movement, industrialization is followed by both positive and negative effects. With the ever growing economies and the need and greed for more, the doctrine of Sustainable Development becomes the most relevant principle in today's times. The principle of Sustainable Development attempts to maintain a balance between development and the environment. India being a growing economy has seen rampant industrialization and development in recent past, which resulted in adverse impact on the environment. EIA studies are very important for any developmental activity to be taken into consideration to avoid adverse impacts and to ensure long-term benefits has led to the concept of sustainability.

EIA study is an essential tool to help to the decision maker for approving the project about the impact on local and remote Environment, societal benefits and losses if any, related to development in a particular region. EIA is an assessment of the possible impact—positive or negative—that a proposed or expansion project may have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers to consider the environmental impacts along with mitigation measures when deciding whether to proceed with a project or not. EIA has three main functions:

 To predict problems (Impact Assessment),  To find ways to avoid them (Mitigation Measures),  To enhance positive impacts (Environmental Management Plan).

Gujarat is rich in mineral like bauxite. The state is endowed with major and minor mineral resources. Developments of mining in the area provide direct and indirect employment opportunities, infrastructure development, communication and socio-economic infrastructure. This in turn will drastically boom the logistics industry for minerals export. Gujarat has a coastline of 1600 km starting from Kutch district to Valsad district, which is the largest among any state in India. Also, it is evident that India is located strategically from the point of view of trade and commerce. Since, ages it has aided the worldwide traders to flourish and expand their business globally. Because of the rapid growth in global trade, demand for seafarers is expected to grow considerably by 2020. The need of the coastal cities having upgraded cargo handling seaport facilities is expected to rise in near future. These seaports would be a major addition to Gujarat and nation‘s economy at large for bringing foreign traders. Moreover, it would boost the employment ratio of the same and influx of revenue.

The hinterland surrounding the project site is rich in bauxite ores and the Bauxite mining started in the early 1940s. Okha port located on the same coastline and district as the project site had already been commissioned in the year 1925 and started its operation in the immediately in the year 1926 with full-fledged facilities, supporting infrastructure, road/rail (broad gauge) connectivity. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 1 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Due to the increasing demand of export of bauxite, GMB also developed Pindara port for cargo handling with basic facilities (i.e. small wharf, road stacking ground, small barges/country boats and mother ship, etc) in the year 1950. As per statistics, 3166 tons of Bauxite was exported to domestic as well as international markets in the year 1956-57 and it increased to 9940 tons in the year 1968-1979. Gradually due to lack of advanced facilities and limited cargo handling capacity, the quantity of Bauxite handled was less which resulted in fetching small amount of revenue to GMB. Thus, due to lack of economic viability and availability of Okha port with modern infrastructure facilities only at a distance of 30 km, the further development of Pindara port got neglected.

Recently, GMB institutionalized the concept of integrated port-led development of its minor ports by effectively bringing right private partners through several pioneering models such as privatizing port services, private jetties, joint venture ports and Greenfield ports, etc. Bombay Minerals Limited (BML) is one of the leading Bauxite mining companies and was incorporated in the year 1953. BML owns 1200 hectares of Bauxite mining leases in Devbhumi Dwarka. Thus, availability of existing Pindara Port near the BML owned mines, BML proposed restoration and expansion of existing GMB Pindara jetty.

Moreover, Pindara Jetty is located in the close vicinity at a distance of approx. 4-5 km from the BML mining site as compared to Okha, Porbandar and Jamnagar Ports located at a distance of 30, 78 and 82 km respectively.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The purpose of this EIA/EMP report is to identify, predict and evaluate the environmental impacts of the proposed actions of the jetty and cargo handling activities for Restoration and Expansion of Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities of handling of Mineral Cargo located near Virpur village. The project will be developed using the state of art technology, adopting modernized machineries/equipment and vessels, with waste minimization techniques. The total cargo handling capacity the proposed project will be 1.5 Million TPA of Bauxite.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT

Bombay Minerals Limited (BML) is one of the leading Bauxite mining companies from Jamnagar and was incorporated in the year 1953. BML is engaged in the mining of Bauxite and manufacturing of value added products of Bauxite i.e. Calcined Bauxite. BML has a dynamic team of engineering, entrepreneurs and social visionaries who provide direction to its executive management in a vibrant economy and competitive business environment.

BML has started calcination of Bauxite with one Kiln in October 1983 and slowly gradually increases its capacity to 85,000 TPA. BML is also one of the leading mining company and owning 1,200 hectors of bauxite mining lease in Devbhumi Dwarka District.

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Apart from the manufacturing of calcined bauxite, BML is one of leading exporters of Bauxite from Gujarat. It has been exporting 2 million tons of Bauxite from last two years by road/ship ways.

BML is one of the leading, trusted refractory raw material suppliers in Indian market as well as in international market. It has a most modern, state-of-the-art R & D facility. In-house R & D facility is helping in development of products according to need of customers-customerized products. This has resulted into optimum utilization of minerals.

Since its inception, the proponent has always remained committed to sustainable development through economic growth, social responsibility and minimizing the company‘s impact on the environment. Thus, it focuses on performing its business in a socially responsible way with minimal impact on the stakeholders. Table 1.1: Name and Contact Details for the Proposed Project

S. No. Item Details

1. Name Mr. Hemul Shah 2. Designation (Owner/Partner/CEO) Whole time Director

3. E-mail [email protected]

4. Telephone No. Mob: +91 9925204400

Bombay Minerals Limited Jamnagar-Dwarka Highway Registered and Correspondence 5. Jam-Khambhalia-361305 Address District: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat State.

1.2.1 Promoters Background

Table 1.2: Promoters Details

Sr. Full Name Residential Address Designation Experience No. He has been associated with Bombay Mineral Limited for more than two decades looking after the 302/303, Rahul bauxite portfolio at group level. Shri Enclave, A - Wing, Mr. Hemul Whole time Hemul Shah has been associated 1 Saibaba Nagar, Shah Director with the Company as a Director for Borivali (W), Mumbai more than a decade and is 400092 supervising the accounts, marketing and operation functions of the Company. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 3 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

He has more than 3 decades of experience in the Bentonite/Bauxite Wyoming Co-Op industry and is responsible for the Housing Soc. Ltd., 4th overall management of Bombay Mr. Chetan Floor, Flat No. 4 12a 2 Director Mineral Limited. Under his guidance, Shah Little Gibbs Road, Bombay Mineral Limited has Malabar Hill Mumbai achieved excellence in exports of 400006 bauxite/bentonite and other value added products. 211-C,Grand Paradi Shri Ashok Kadakia is an Mr. Ashok Kemp's Corner, Industrialist with over 3 decades of 3 Director Kadakia August Kranti Marg experience in Chemical Industry. Mumbai 400036 She has been associated with the Bombay Mineral Limited (engaged in mining & mineral industry) for more than 15 years at various positions with her last assignment as an Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Bentonite & Kaolin Division of 11/ 300,Bakul, New Ashapura Minechem Limited, the Mrs. Geetha MIG Colony, Roop Flagship Company of Ashapura 4 Director Nerurkar Nagar, Bandra (East), Group. She has end to end Mumbai 400051 exposure to multiple facets of business to include start-ups, marketing, turnarounds, globalization, market diversification, merger and acquisitions and strategic corporate alliances with the focus on growth and stability of the enterprise. He has held several positions at CFO/ CAO/Director Level, with several organs of United Nations in Switzerland, Asia & Africa and with High Level Commissions like ―South 2101, 21st Floor, Commission‖ comprising 18 Mr. Abhilash Phoenix Tower / B, 5 Director countries & Summit level group of Munsif S.B. Marg, Lower Developing Countries (G-15) Parel Mumbai 400013 comprising 15 countries. His last assignment was with ‗World Intellectual Property Organization (Geneva) as the Director of Finance for 8 years. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 4 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

BML team are well supported by a dynamic engineering, entrepreneurs and social visionaries who are highly experienced in the bauxite mining and manufacturing of bauxite related products sector. Today BML is one of the leading, trusted Refractory raw material suppliers in India market as well as in international market. It has most modern R&D facility.

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

BML envisages to develop a bauxite export terminal at Pindara jetty, Dist: Devbhumi Dwarka, State: Gujarat. Proposed facility are likely to handle cargo of about 1.5 Million TPA of Bauxite. The proposed project site is located at the Virpur village in Kalyanpur Taluka of Devbhumi Dwarka district in Gujarat, India. The approximate site co-ordinates are as below. The total land area is 44,900 m2 (4.49 Ha). The proposed project envisages investment of Rs. 8.0 Crores by BML to Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities for Handling of Mineral Cargo. Cargo handling capacity will be 1.5 Million TPA. The project falls under the item no 7(e) Category – B of the EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments time to time. But due to applicability of general condition (some part of project falls in Notified Eco-Sensitive areas & Marine sanctuary) proposed project shall be treated as Category – A.

Table 1.3: Co-ordinates of the Project Location Latitude Longitude

Off shore area 22°16'12.31"N 69°16'46.08"E 22°16'11.81"N 69°16'46.53"E 22°16'12.64"N 69°16'47.61"E 22°16'13.14"N 69°16'47.16"E On Shore area 22°15'56.01"N 69°16'57.05"E 22°15'57.25"N 69°16'55.26"E 22°16'2.59"N 69°16'54.98"E 22°16'4.88"N 69°16'58.88"E 22°16'4.12"N 69°16'59.90"E 22°16'1.75"N 69°16'57.57"E

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Table 1.3: Brief description of the Project

S. Description of Proposed development No. facilities 1. Off shore structure  Location of berthing area is proposed in (-) 2.0 M contour to accommodate 1000 T Barges in all state of tide.  Two nos. of Dolphin - platform size are 4 m x 2.5 m (2.5 m X 2.5 m pile structure) to tie up barges.  Approach trestle: 422 m long x 12 m wide. 2. On shore structure  Storage area development for bauxite of 1.4 ha  Conveyor system connecting the stockyards and berth  Support back up infrastructure for operations and maintenance of the Terminal (Buildings, services, utilities and amenities including Fire Fighting, safety and security systems and environment protection measures)  Electric and water supply systems, storm drainage and sewage systems.

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Figure 1.1: Location of the Proposed Project Site

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1.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND NEED OF EIA STUDY

The following clearances need to be obtained from the proposed project:

 Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) clearance from GCZMA (Gujarat Coastal Zone Management Authority) – CRZ – IB, CRZ – III and CRZ – IV(A)

 NOC (No Objection Certificate) from GMB (Gujarat Maritime Board)

 EC (Environmental Clearance) from MoEF&CC (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change) – Item no. 7 (e) - Category A

 NOC (No Objection Certificate) and CC&A (Consolidated Consents & Authorization) from GPCB

 Forest Clearance for mangrove clearance and restoration

 Wild life clearance from NBWL for marine sanctuary

Impact S. Activity Aspect Legal Regulation No. Short Mid Long Term Term Term

WATER

Air  X X o Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Rules and Amendments, 1974,1977,1978, 1988

o Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Noise  X X o Environment (Protection) Rules, 1991 1. Operation of the project Water o Coastal Regulation Zone Notification  X X pollution and Amendments, 2008, 2011 AIR EB X X  o Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Rules and Amendments, 1981,1982, 1983, 1987 SE X X  o National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009 Storage, 2. Air  X X transportation

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and handling Noise NOISE of Bauxite  X X o Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules and Amendments, 2000, 2006, 2010 WASTES EB  X X o Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000, 2016 SOCIO-ECONOMY

o Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

o Environment (Protection) Rules, 1991

o Environment Impact Assessment  X SE X Notification and Amendments, 2006, 2015

o Environmental Standards Notification and Amendments, 1993 ECOLOGY Risk &  X X o Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 Hazards o Forest Conservation Act, 1980

o Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and 3. Recruitment Social  X  Rules, 1991 as amended to date

1.4.1 Environmental Clearance

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a formal report to be provided by the project proponent and prepared by an independent environmental consultant. The EIA summarizes process and results of baseline environmental monitoring to identify the potential for significant and diverse impacts. The Government of India, as per its policy has given emphasis on Sustainable Development as a part of any developmental activity. Along with industrial growth, environmental protection is an integrated criterion for this concept. In line with this policy, Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has defined ‗Environmental Clearance‘ (EC) framework under the Environmental Protection Act, 1986. As per the EIA Notification - 2006, prior EC is required for establishing/expanding the industry/development projects.

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The applicability of the SO 1533 for the proposed project was explored by considering different possibilities and provisions made in the said EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments from time to time. Considering the project details, the proposed project falls under Item No. 7(e) and Category - B i.e. Ports, Harbours, Break waters, Dredging, but due to applicability of general condition (project falls in Notified Eco-Sensitive areas & Marine sanctuary) proposed project shall be treated as Category – A and will be appraised at the Central level.

Thus, the project is to be appraised at the Ministry level i.e. MoEF&CC and requires EIA study as per ToRs awarded by MoEF&CC, New Delhi. The ToRs letter vide letter No. -10-33/2016-IA.III dated 14.02.2017 and amended ToR dated: 01.11.2017 is attached as Annexure-2. Public hearing is applicable to the proposed project as it will be carried out on private land. ECO CHEM SALES AND SERVICES, Surat has carried out the EIA studies as per ToRs and EIA guidelines. Detailed marine EIA study has been carried out by National Institute of Oceanography, Goa. Study report for Wildlife Clearance due to location of project site within the Marine Sanctuary and Eco-sensitive Zone has been carried out by EN-FOR-LE ASSOCIATES, New Delhi study report for Forest Clearance due to the presence of mangrove near the project site has been carried out by EN-FOR-LE ASSOCIATES, New Delhi.

A mitigation plan has been prepared and a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is drawn to effectively mitigate or minimize potentially adverse environmental impacts and the details are presented in the reports. 1.4.2 Coastal Regulatory Zone (CRZ) Clearance

The proposed project requires water front facilities for the transportation of bauxite. It is considered as a permissible activity under the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Act, 2011. The proposed project site falls under CRZ – IB, CRZ – III and CRZ – IV (A). Thus, it is mandatory to get CRZ clearance under the same from GCZMA. Hence, Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Study is required for the proposed project to obtain CRZ recommendation from GCZMA, Gujarat and CRZ clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. 1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of study includes detailed characteristics of environmental components. For the purpose of environmental assessment, the villages in the surrounding 10 km area have been surveyed and relevant data has been collected as per guideline of MoEFCC, New Delhi and ToR issued by MoEF&CC, vide letter no. No-10-33/2016-IA.III dated 14.02.2017 and amended ToR dated: 01.11.2017 (Attached as Annexure-2). Main objective of this EIA is to identify elements of the environment likely to be affected by the project, thereby minimizing their impacts by proposing mitigation measured for the same.

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1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT

The generic structure of the EIA report, as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC is illustrated in the following table - Table 1.4: Structure of the EIA Report

S. EIA Structure Contents No.  Purpose of the report  Identification of project & project proponent  Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its 1. Introduction importance to the country, region  Regulatory Framework and need of EIA study  Scope of the study – details of regulatory scoping carried out (As per TOR).  General  Description of Project  Site History  Need of Current Proposal  Bathymetric Data  Layout of project Development  Natural Resources 2. Project Description  Cargo Handling Equipment  Description of Activities and Ancillary Operations  Housing Developments  Project Services and Utilities  Use of Public Infrastructure  Man Power Requirement  Project Implementation Schedule  Aspect Impact Analysis  Study area, components & methodology.  Study Period: March 2017 to May 2017  Establishment of baseline for below mentioned environmental Description of the components: 3. Environment o Air Environment o Noise Environment o Land Environment o Geology and Hydrology Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 11 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

S. EIA Structure Contents No. o Traffic Study o Soil quality o Water Environment including ground, surface and marine water o Ecology and Biodiversity including marine and terrestrial Ecology o Socio-Economic Environment  Details of Investigated Environmental impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction, regular operations, final decommissioning or rehabilitation of a completed project  Measures for minimizing and / or offsetting adverse impacts identified.  Assessment of significance of impacts (Criteria for determining significance, Assigning significance)  Impact identification, anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation Anticipated measures during construction and operation phase for: Environmental o Air Environment 4. Impacts & Mitigation o Water Environment Measures o Soil Environment

o Noise Environment o Land Use/Land Cover o Hydrogeology o Geology o Hazardous/Solid Waste o Risk & Hazards o Ecology and Biodiversity o Socio-Economic Analysis of  In case, the scoping exercise results in need for alternatives: 5. Alternatives o Alternative site study (Technology & Site) o Alternative for other parameter  Technical aspects of environmental monitoring for the effectiveness of Environmental mitigation measures (incl. Measurement methodologies, frequency, 6. Monitoring Program location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, budget & procurement schedules)  Public Consultation 7. Additional Study  Risk assessment  Disaster Management Plan

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S. EIA Structure Contents No.  Occupational Health and Safety  Marine EIA  Physical benefits  Social benefits 8. Project Benefits  Ecological benefits  Other Tangible benefits  Project Cost and Appraisal Environmental Cost 9.  Financial Pattern Benefit Analysis  Environmental Cost Analysis  Description of the administrative aspects of ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after approval of the EIA. The Chapter consist of: o Transportation / Traffic Management Plan Environment o Cleaner Production Practices 10. Management Plan o Drainage and Rainwater Harvesting o Budgetary Provisions for EMS o Environment Management Cell o Social Welfare and Upliftment Plant o Mangrove management plan Summary &  Overall justification for implementation of the project 11. Conclusion  Description of brief of EIA report & Conclusion Disclosure of  The name of the Consultant engaged and laboratory details 12. Consultant Engaged

SUMMARY

Owing to the high demand of export of bauxite from nearby mines and distance advantage of the Pindara jetty compared to other ports and optimum use of existing facility Bombay Minerals Limited (BML) has decided to restoration and expansion of the existing GMB Pindara jetty, which is located at Virpur village in Kalyanpur Taluka of Devbhumi Dwarka district in Gujarat. Bombay Minerals Limited is one of the leading Bauxite mining companies from Jamnagar and was incorporated on 1953. BML is engaged in the mining of Bauxite and Calcined Bauxite. Registered address of BML is Bombay Minerals Limited, Jamnagar-Dwarka Highway, Jam-Khambhalia, District: Devbhumi Dwarka, Gujarat State. BML has a dynamic team of engineering, entrepreneurs and social visionaries who provide direction to its executive management in a vibrant economy and competitive business environment. The proponent now proposes Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied Facilities for Handling of Mineral Cargo with Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 13 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

cargo handling capacity of 1.5 Million TPA. The proposed project envisages investment of Rs. 8.0 Crores by BML to Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities for Handling of Mineral Cargo. The proposed project will serve as an economical transportation facility for the surrounding mining industries. Considering the project details, the proposed project falls under category 7(e) ‗B‘ – Ports, Harbours of EIA Notification 2006, but due to applicability of general condition (project falls in Notified Eco-Sensitive areas & Marine sanctuary) proposed project shall be treated as category – A. The EIA report has been prepared as per ToRs given by MoEFCC, New Delhi vide letter no. No-10-33/2016-IA.III dated 14.02.2017 and amended ToR dated: 01.11.2017. The EIA document has been prepared as per the generic structure of the EIA report, as per the guidelines provided by MoEFCC. CRZ Clearance also needs to be obtained as proposed project falls in CRZ – IB, CRZ – III and CRZ – IV(A) as per CRZ Notification 2011. In addition to this, the proposal needs to obtain clearances under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. ------

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CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.0 GENERAL

This chapter provides a condensed description of the aspects of the project which are likely to cause environmental effects to the surrounding environment. Details are described in the chapter about type, need, location, size or magnitude of project operations, technology and other related activities.

2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Pindara Jetty was in operation for handling mineral cargo since 1950 by Gujarat Maritime Board for handling of mineral cargo. The Pindara jetty has been notified on 18th July 1963 by Central Board of Revenue, Government of India under section 53 of Sea Customs Act 1878. Proposed site for developing of Pindara jetty is located within the port limit declared by Gujarat Maritime Board.

Pindara notified port limit is bordering from the other port limits of Salaya in the east to Okha port limit in the west, to Pindara – Virpur village limits in the south and to 12 fathom (36.576 m) in the north. Out of the entire port limit only a small portion of jetty area of 0.81 hectares falls within the marine sanctuary and 3.68 hectares in eco sensitive zone which includes the existing roads leading to the Pindara Jetty. However, Pindara Jetty was notified on 18th July 1963 much earlier than notification of marine sanctuary notification in 1982 and eco sensitive zone of 1 km on 22nd August 2013 (Annexure-3).

Gujarat Maritime Board vide Letter No. GMB/PVT-II/4(1)/15/61/3613 Dated 18th June 2015, (Annexure-4) based on the GMB Resolution No 3047 Passed in its 241st Meeting held on 28th May,2015, has granted Bombay Mineral Limited (BML), the License, the Right and Authority for utilization by Restoration/Construct of Mechanized Conveying System for Shipment of Bauxite & cargo to Convey/Handle/Transport of Bauxite Mineral Cargo or any other Cargo belongs to BML or its Associates into Ship/Barges nominated by the License or its associates as per the terms and conditions prevailing under rules and regulations of Gujarat Maritime Board at Pindara Jetty-GMB. BML has obtained NOC from GMB for utilization of Pindara Jetty vide Letter No. GMB/Pvt-II/4CD/15/33/3091 Dated 23rd May, 2016, which is attached as Annexure-5. 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

BML is interested to develop a bauxite export terminal at Pindara jetty, Virpur village, Kalyanpur Taluka Devbhumi Dwarka district, Gujarat state. Proposed facility is likely to handle cargo of about 1.5 Million MTPA of Bauxite. The total land area of the project site is 44,932 m2 (4.49 ha). The proposed project envisages investment of Rs. 8.0 Crores by BML to Restoration and Expansion of GMB Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities for Handling of Mineral Cargo. Co-ordinates of the different facilities at site are as below.

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Table 2.1: Coordinates for Onshore & offshore facilities

Location Latitude Longitude

22°16'12.31"N 69°16'46.08"E 22°16'11.81"N 69°16'46.53"E Barge 22°16'12.64"N 69°16'47.61"E 22°16'13.14"N 69°16'47.16"E 22°16'12.35"N 69°16'47.38"E 22°16'12.30"N 69°16'47.44"E Dolphin 22°16'11.88"N 69°16'46.90"E 22°16'11.94"N 69°16'46.85"E 22°16'12.08"N 69°16'46.89"E 22°16'12.33"N 69°16'47.21"E Conveyor Belt 22°16'01.99"N 69°16'56.78"E 22°16'01.74"N 69°16'56.46"E 22°16'07.47"N 69°16'51.02"E 22°16'07.24"N 69°16'51.24"E Control Room 22°16'07.14"N 69°16'51.10"E 22°160'7.37"N 69°16'50.89"E 22°16'03.13"N 69°16'58.33"E Control Room and 22°160'2.89"N 69°16'58.57"E Office 22°16'02.67"N 69°16'58.32"E 22°160'2.96"N 69°16'58.08"E 22°15'56.01"N 69°16'57.05"E 22°15'57.25"N 69°16'55.26"E 22°160'2.59"N 69°16'54.98"E Stock Yard 22°16'04.88"N 69°16'58.88"E 22°16'04.12"N 69°16'59.90"E 22°16'01.75"N 69°16'57.57"E

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Figure 2.1: Google Earth Image (Short View)

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Figure 2.2: Google Earth Image (Long View)

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Figure 2.3: Site Photographs

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Figure 2.4: Site Photographs 2.3 SITE HISTORY & SITE DESCRIPTION

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2.3.1 Connectivity

Proposed project is located on the West coast of Indian Gulf of Kutch about 130 km west of Jamnagar in newly formed District Devbhumi Dwarka of Gujarat State. Proposed terminal is about 55.56 km North East of existing Vadinar Port. Pindara is well connected by road network. Pindara is connected by road to Khambhalia about 50 km to West. Khambhalia is connected by road and rail to Jamnagar in the East and by Rail and road to Dwarka in the West.

Table 2.2: Connectivity from the Project Site

S. Aerial Distance in kms Direction from project Road, Rail and Air No from Project site site Road: SH-6 (CH-6) via Limbda ~10.26 km South 1. village Approach road via Virpur ~ 3.5 km South East village Railway Station: 2. Bhopalka Railway Station ~ 18 km South East Jamkhambhaliya Railway ~ 38.90 km East South East Station Airport: 3. Civilian Airport in Jamnagar ~78 km East Table 2.3: Connectivity from the Project Site

S. No. Description Distance Direction Pindara Village@ 3.5 km SW 1. Nearby Villages Virpur Village @ 3.6 km SE 2. Nearest Town Jamkhambhaliya @ 39 km E

3. Nearest City Jamkhambhaliya @ 39 km E

4. River/Streams Gulf of Kachchh <1 km Adjacent to the project site 5. Sea Gulf of Kachchh <1 km Adjacent to the project site 6. Nearest Highway NH 947 @ 13.62 km S Bhopalka @ 18 km SE 7. Nearest Railway Station Jamkhambhaliya @ 38.90 km ESE Jamnagar Airport @ 78 km ENE 8. Nearest Airport Porbandar Airport @ 79 km SE Project Falls within Marine Within the project site 9. National Parks/ Sanctuaries Sanctuary and Eco Sensitive Zone Note: All the above mentioned distances are aerial distances from the project site. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 21 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Source: Map of India Figure 2.5: Map showing Road and Rail Connectivity 2.3.2 Topographic Features

The topography of the district is uneven and marked at several places by hill ranges, the desert in North and East and Sand dunes along the coast. The soils of the district are mainly alluvial black, light- brown and alkaline. The alluvial black soil is found in Kalyanpur Taluka. Light-brown soil is found in Khambhalia, Kalyanpur. Alkaline soil is found in the coastal area.

Topography of the project area is gently sloping with small undulations, general slope is towards north. Area is covered by scanty vegetation, mostly babool bushes (―Gando Baval‖) over Barren Stony Waste Land. No permanent drainage course exists in the area. Area towards sea is covered by sparse mangroves. The backup area is at higher elevation and sloping towards the coast away from the HTL.

The site is located within the confines of Pindara Bay at aerial distance of about 31 km from port of Okha. Nearest village is Virpur, located at approx. 3.2 km from the project boundary. Onshore facilities

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of the terminal are planned in the wastelands generally flat with average ground level above Chart Datum. Area gently slopes towards sea coast.

Figure 2.6: Map showing Topography of the Study Area 2.3.3 Bathymetry, Contour and Elevation Map

Bathymetry:

Pindara jetty is a declared jetty under the administrative control of GMB. Hydrographic chart 203 shows the bathymetry of the project site. Based on the information, + 1.5 m to -2.0 m CD contours are available in the vicinity of proposed marine facilities. Anchorage area is proposed at approx. distance of 12 km from the project location.

Pindara bay is shallow in southern stretches having depths of 0-5 m below CD upto 10 km from the shore. Further north off Positra, maximum depths of 25 m are available. An island namely Azad tapu is present in the eastern side of the Pindara bay. Several shoals are present at the head of the bay. Positra bay is located in the western side of the Pindara.

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Figure 2.7: Bathymetry Survey of the area

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Contour & Elevation Map:

The Contour and Elevation map show that, project site land topography is flat plain terrain with 2 m to 4 m extension in SE Direction. The land topography of the project site within 1km of study area is a flat plain terrain extending from zero Mean Sea Level (MSL) from the shore to 10 m above MSL towards SE of study area. However, the contours along the coast are remaining same, rising the land moderately in SE direction along the shore. Some depressions in the flat inland regions results into water bodies along the natural drain system. The general slope of the study area is gentle at South East and South West directions towards sea, due to the earlier flat deposits from the Local River and streams.

Figure 2.8: Contour Map of Project Site

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Figure 2.9: Contour Map of 10 km radius of Study Area

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Figure 2.10: Elevation Map of 10 km radius of Study Area

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2.3.4 Climatic Conditions

The climate of the region is tropical, characterized by two monsoon seasons i.e. the South West monsoon (June-September) and the North East monsoon (December-March). The post monsoon period comprises the months of October and November while the period April to mid-June is the transition period.

Table 2.4: Climatic Conditions of District Devbhumi Dwarka

Climate Tropical and Semi-arid

Average Maximum temperature, °C 44.4 °C

Average Minimum temperature, °C 2 °C The average relative humidity varies from 65% to 87%. (approx. 825 mm from the report on ‗District Relative Humidity Disaster Management Plan, prepared by Collector Office Devbhumi Dwarka - April 2015. 0 and 30 km/h during November-February the predominant direction being NW-NE. The wind speed marginally increases during March- April with change in direction to NW-SW, (c) maximum Max Wind Speed speeds of 40 to 50 km/h occur during May, the predominant direction being SW-W and (d) maximum speeds can reach upto 70 km/h with predominant direction of SW-W during June-September Average Max. Rainfall 490 mm Zone IV as per IS 1893 Part I (Low Damage Risk Seismic Zone Zone)

Based on the above figure, it is observed that the district lies under very high damage risk zone. The probability of the cyclonic depression is very high in the Cyclone Zone study area. Past cyclone was recorded in the year 1998 and the Cyclone named Nilofar originated in the year 2014 is a prominent one in the study area.

All the major river systems in the District are vulnerable to flooding, as captured in the Vulnerability Flood History Atlas. The urban areas like Devbhumi Dwarka, Jodiya, Khambhalia and Kalyanpur are facing flooding primarily due to drainage and increased run-off loads

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in hard surfaces. There has been a noteworthy flood in the year 2013 and the area is vulnerable to flood. Source: https://gujarat.gov.in/devbhumidwarka/english.html

2.3.5 Oceanographic Conditions

Tides:

The Tides in the Gulf of Kutch region are semi-diurnal in nature with two high and two low waters in each cycle of the day. Based on Chart No 302, nearest available tides are at Port of Okha. The tides are as below: Table 2.5: Details of Tide Levels

S. No. Tide Type Level

1. Mean Higher High Water (+) 3.50 m

2. Mean lower High Water (+) 3.00 m

3. Mean Higher Low Water (+) 1.20 m

4. Mean lower low water (+) 0.40 m

5. Mean Sea Level (+) 2.00 m

The maximum observed tide during May 2017 was 4.6 m and minimum tide was 0.36 m.

Currents:

In the coastal waters of Pindara, the currents are generated mainly due to tidal movement of the water mass though wind also contributes to some extent. Currents are responsible for dispersion and advection of the effluent discharged in the sea and hence plays an important role while selecting sites for the release of effluents, but since no effluent will be discharged in the sea. Based on the Chart 203, vicinity of Positrah as current velocity of 4 knots in deep water of around 20 to 30 m. Proposed location is much near to landward side therefore it is expected that proposed jetty location will have velocities of 6.0 to 1.2 knots during neap and spring.

Currents were recorded at station 4 during May 2017 for a period of 9 days. Maximum current speed observed was 0.42 m/s. The current direction varied between 1o and 359o. Waves:

The off shore wave data reported in Wave Atlas of the west Coast of India for the last 33 years from 1968 to 2001 wave analysed. This wave data information within the limits of Latitude 21.00°N, Longitude

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67.00°E and Latitude 23.00°N, , Longitude 70.33°E were considered. The waves approach predominantly from the quadrant between SW and W directions with the maximum wave heights of the order of 4.5 m.

The proposed jetty is located in Pindara bay. The bay is well protected from adverse wave conditions and it is expected that wave height at jetty will be within operational limit requirements. Ship Tranquility:

The tranquility study at the site is required to identify the wave agitation which determines the tranquility inside the port area and acceptable level of wave disturbance within port area. Proposed Project site is located within existing port limit of GMB & located in Pindara bay. The bay is well protected from adverse wave conditions and it is expected that wave height at berthing location will be within operational limit requirements. As per the waves & current study performed at the proposed port location, it was found that the significant wave height is within the acceptable limits for handling cargo through-out the year. Hence for the proposed project, construction of breakwater to reduce the waves & currents is not required. Shore line status:

Shoreline change map prepared by Institute of Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai shows that the proposed project site is a stable coast along the Pindara Bay. Hence, it is noteworthy that there are no sedimentation and erosion impacts along the coastline.

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Figure 2.11: Shoreline Change Map

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2.3.6 Environment Sensitivity:

There is no fishing activity carried out at the project site and nearby area. There are mangrove patches at the project site, which will be destroyed due to construction of Conveyor belt. A Detailed Mangrove Management Plan for conservation of mangrove and plantation of additional mangroves has been formulated and same is discussed in detail in Sub Section 10.1.8 of section 10.1 of Chapter 10.

There are no declared Migratory corridors of birds or lion movement corridors in the study area of the proposed project. Moreover, no National Parks/Sanctuaries/Bio sphere Reserve in the study area of the proposed project.

Table 2.6(a): Environmental Sensitivity Landforms

Environmental Sensitive Area Description

Marine Sanctuary Dolphin structure & part of Conveyor belt is fall under Marine Sanctuary-0.81 Ha

Eco Sensitive zone Stock Yard, Approach Road and Part of Conveyor belt is fall under Eco Sensitive Zone-3.68 Ha

Marine National Park- Jamnagar Appx. 5.16 km at NNE direction Mangroves Conveyor belt is passing through the mangrove area.

Corals Corals are present near Azad Tapu, which is appx. 12 km eastern side from project location Migratory corridors of birds No Migratory corridors of birds Salt Pans No salt pans within 10 km area Fishing Activity and Fishermen There are no Fishing Activity and Fishermen hutments hutments near Pindara Jetty or nearby surrounding area

Apart from the above areas, Gaga bird sanctuary, which is appx.16.6 km in SSW direction and Narara Marine National Park is located at a distance of appx. 50.12 km in NNE direction from the project site. Both Sanctuary and National park are outside the study area of the project.

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Figure 2.12: Sensitive Landforms

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Figure 2.13: Map showing Environmental Sensitive Landforms on Google Earth

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Figure 2.14: Map showing Environmental Sensitive Landforms

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Table 2.6 (b): Site facilities in Marine Sanctuary & Eco Sensitive Zone

Length (m) x S. No Title Area (m2) Width (m)

(A) Area in Eco-Sensitive Zone Stock yard (Office & Control Room, 1. 235 x 71 16685 Hopper & Greenbelt area) 2. Conveyor belt and it‘s adjacent road 97 x 12 1164 3. Existing Road (Kachha road) 2899 x 7 20293 Sub-Total (A) in m2 36812 (B) Area in Marine Sanctuary

4. Conveyor belt and it‘s adjacent road 325 x 12 3900 5. Dolphin Area 4 x 2.5 x 2 nos. 20 6. Existing Road (Kachha road) 415 x 10 4150 7. Control Cabin 10 x 5 50 Sub-Total (B) in m2 8120 Total (A +B) in m2 44932 Area (ha) 4.4932

2.4 NEED OF CURRENT PROPOSAL

Bombay Minerals Limited remains committed to sustainable development through economic growth, social responsibility and minimizing the company‘s impact on the environment and thereby performing its business in a socially responsible way.

Gujarat state is endowed with major and minor mineral resources. The people of the study region are mostly dependent on agriculture and mineral resources. The development of mining in the area provides direct and indirect employment opportunities, infrastructure development, communication and socio- economic infrastructure. The important benefits accruing from the project can thus be stated as - boost to local economy, direct contribution to the state exchequer.

Bauxite plays an important role play for major production of aluminum. Bauxite is also used in different sectors according to their use in commercial application, like abrasive, cement, chemical, metallurgical, refractory, etc.

Looking to the prospects of development of a facility for coastal movement of cargo to various other such facilities in the Gujarat state as well as other states in country which in turn reduces the road congestion. Hence, the proponent plans restoration and expansion of jetty and supporting land side cargo handling

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facilities at the proposed location to handle targeted cargo.

Moreover, presently the bauxite produced from surrounding mines is exported from Porbandar, Okha and Jamnagar ports located 80 to 100 km from the bauxite mines. It involves transportation of 5 Million tons of bauxite ore by trucks to the Porbandar, Okha and Jamnagar Ports. At the project site, the installation of conveyor belt jetty shall reduce the need of transport of estimated 75,000 trucks per annum over long distance of about 200 km per trip.

The jetty has economic and environmental justification both locally and globally. It will save cost to the exporters and save precious petroleum resource and earn foreign exchange for the nation. It will also help to reduce pollution due to movement of trucks.

2.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT SITE

The proposed project site was selected on the basis of the following features:

 Gujarat Maritime Board had developed Pindara Jetty in 1950 with basic infrastructure facilities such as small wharf, road stacking ground, small barges/country boats and mother ship, etc. Hence, only up-gradation of the same is required.  The proposed project site is free from cultivation; no agriculture activity is carried out at the proposed project area.  Basic infrastructure such as power supply, road network and water is available.  The Pindara jetty location is in the stable coastal zone, as per the status of shoreline accretion and erosion report of institute of ocean management, Anna University, which supports the infrastructure and longevity of the port operationally.  The Bauxite mines of Bombay Minerals Limited are in close proximity of the GMB notified Pindara jetty in about 12-15 km region. Presently, the bauxite produced from these mines is exported from Porbandar, Okha at about 80 km and Jamnagar port located to 100 km from mines.  Adequate maneuvering area is available for the designed barge.  Suitability to provide required water front and land area for the infrastructure requirements.  Adequate back up space behind the berths for cargo handling and storage.  No capital dredging is required, as maximum -0.2 m CD draft is required for operation of 1000 tonnes barges, which is already available at the berthing facility.  No need of Maintenance dredging as from shoreline map change prepared by Anna University it is evident that proposed project is falls under stable coastal zone hence no Accretion and Erosion will take place. Moreover, from the Sediment Transport model study i.e. Hydrodyn-SEDSOFT, it is observed no that no significant erosion or deposition will be take place.

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2.6 LAYOUT FOR PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

2.6.1 Project Master Plan

The available site facility already in existence will be restored for the development of the approach trestle, storage area, mooring dolphins and barge jetty utilizing existing waterfront.

The infrastructure required for the project will be developed both over an area of 0.81 ha in Pindara jetty port limit area falling within the marine sanctuary and 1.68 ha in Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) falling outside the port limit referring as back up area, which will be used for office, rest shelter, stock yard etc. The basic minimum infrastructure (Landuse sketch) required will be developed at site. Details of proposed infrastructure

i) Stock yard excluded some part of existing road - 14710 m2 or i) Stock yard included some part of existing road - 16685 m2 ii) Conveyor belt - 5064 m2 (422 m x 12 m) iii) Hopper - 120 m2 (12m x 10m) iv) Dolphin area - 20 m2 v) Existing road in ESZ (2899 m x 7 m) - 20293 m2 vi) Existing road in Marine Sanctuary - 4150 m2 vii) Total No of piles – 25 (with dia of 1.0 m)

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Figure 2.15: Layout Plan

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Figure 2.16: Site Plan

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Figure 2.17: CRZ map having superimposed Project Layout

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2.6.2 Description of Facilities OFFSHORE FACILITIES

1. Berthing Facility: One number of barge berth to handle design vessel up to 1000 DWT is planned with service platform, platform of dolphins (4 m x 2.5 m x 2 no) and walkway of 1 m wide are planned.

Mooring Dolphins are open pile structure with bored cast in situ piles with RCC cast in situ deck structure. The mooring dolphins are placed behind the berthing lines such that the vertical angle of spring and breast mooring line are less than 30 degree from the horizontal throughout the entire range of the ship in both loading/unloading conditions.

The design physiology for mooring dolphins assumes that the safety against over loading from the mooring hawsers can be taken care by the anchor bolts for the mooring equipment in the concrete top slab of the mooring dolphin.

Location of berthing area is proposed in (-) 2.0 m contour to accommodate 1000 Tonnes barges in all state of tide. Two dolphins are Platform size of each dolphin is 4 m x 2.5 m While 2.5 m x 2.5 m pile size of each dolphin to tie up barges to be erected for cargo loading. The berthing area of 800 m2 at the shore front will consist of two dolphins of 20 m2 only. The berthing area will not have structure other than the dolphins. The conveyor unloading into barges will be through cantilever beam with spill proof arrangements and walkover iron supported grizzly connecting the dolphins.

2. Approach Trestle: The conveyor belt will be utilized to transfer the stock from the stock yard to the barges. The approach trestle is a built up structure which will support the conveyor belt. To minimize the approach width, various options have been worked out for approach conveyors and out of those most optimized option has been selected.

The super structure system comprises of bored cast in situ RCC piles. The super structure will be made up of combination of pre-cast and cast in situ concrete decking. The approach trestle will be 422 m length and 2.5 m width.

Construction Methodology: Use of Cast-in-place piles option is selected for construction of supportive structure for conveyor belt system to be installed at GMB-Pindara jetty project.

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Figure 2.18: Drawing of Approach Trestle

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Quantity of excavation material to be generated during construction of conveyor belt supportive pile structure as given below – 9 piles with dia 1 m and depth 12.5 m = 86 m3 8 piles with dia 1 m pile and depth 18 m = 116 m3 2 piles with 2.5m x 2.5 m pile and depth 18 m = 225 m3 Total Excavation quantity = 427 m3 During piling operations, 427 m3 quantity of excavated earth material will be generated which will be sent to adjacent/nearby BML‘s mining area for back-filling of mining pit.

Pile Foundation:

A pile is basically a long cylinder of a strong material such as concrete that is pushed into the ground to act as a steady support for structures built on top of it.

Construction Methodology of Cast-In-Situ Piles:

Figure 2.19: Flowchart of Construction Methodology

Concrete contains three ingredients: sand or gravel, water, and cement to hold it all together. Portland cement will be used for the concrete‘s ability to set underwater. Since, one of the compounds in Portland cement reacts almost immediately with water, forming an outside coating that prevents too much water from seeping in or diluting the cement and a second compound reacts much more slowly, setting to its final hardness about a month after the cement is poured.

A cofferdam shall be built around the planned pier foundation site. A cofferdam is a basically a three or four sided box built in the water that is made nearly water tight. The water is then continuously pumped out of the cofferdam lowering the water level inside the box until earth is finally reached. This allows men to work on solid ground. The thin walled steel tube is called the casing, and only serves to form a secure mould for casting concrete that is free from earth and debris. It has no structural role to play after the casting is complete.

Also, cast-in-situ piles are usually found to be cheaper compared to precast driven piles. The percentage steel requirement is less as no handling of the piles is required. Hence cast-in-place concrete is an excellent way to be cost effective on a project. Cast-in-place concrete is durable as well

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as resilient to disaster and can also be composed of recycled materials. Just like all other concrete, it is able to absorb and store heat making buildings that use concrete more energy efficient.

Advantages of Cast-in-place piles: 1. Piles of any size and length may be constructed at the site. It can be installed in very large diameters. Length can be readily varied to suit varying ground conditions. 2. Less disruption to adjacent soil. 3. Damage due to driving and handling that is common in precast piles is eliminated in this case. 4. It can be installed without appreciable noise or vibrations. These piles are ideally suited in places where vibrations of any type are required to be avoided to preserve the safety of the adjoining structure. Absence of vibration will not disturb adjacent piles or structures. 5. They are suitable in soils of poor drainage qualities since cast-in-situ piles do not significantly disturb the surrounding soil. 6. Material of piles is not dependent on handling or driving conditions.

Factors to be taken care of while execution of driven cast-in-situ pile is as follows: 1. Pile shoe should have a water tight joint with the casing pipe. If not, this will lead to seepage of ground water into the casing pipe. This can increase the water-cement ratio at the pile tip and affect the strength of concrete, which is not desirable. It is therefore preferable to provide bitumen or other suitable water proofing material at the joint between casing pipe and shoe. 2. The reinforcement grills should move freely into the casing pipe. In case of initial bend in the reinforcement, it may get stuck with the casing pipe and can even get lifted slightly during the process of initial concreting. It is therefore preferable to monitor the top level of the reinforcement rods to check such upward movements. 3. The filling of concrete, withdrawing of the casing and tamping of the casing for compaction needs very careful operations. Withdrawal of casing shall be such that minimum 1 to 1.5 m of fresh concrete is always within the casing pipe. 4. When the ground water table is high, special precautions shall be taken to ensure that fresh concrete is not subjected to seepage forces at the time of withdrawal of the casing pipe.

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3. Conveying System: The barge berth shall be covered by one stream of jetty conveyor of peak capacity of 1,000 TPH. The length and width of the conveyor belt with approach road are 422 m and 12 m respectively as per the carrying capacity of 1000 tons per hour. The conveyor area along with the road will be of 5064 m2 of 12 m width and 422 m in length.

The conveyor system is so designed and inter connected as to receive the cargo dispatched from yard, transporting the reclaimed cargo to jetty operations and jetty loading. Total conveyor system shall be integrated and interlocked for auto start, auto stop in proper sequence and shall be provided with all necessary safety devices of latest technology for smooth and trouble free operation. Installation of conveyor belt jetty shall reduce the need of transport of estimated 75,000 trucks per annum over long distance, about 200 km per trip.

All conveyors are designed for 24 hours of operation. Complete Belt conveyor system is designed based on IS: 11952 Code of practice for Selection and Design of belt Conveyors. Belt is selected in such a way that normal working tension in the belt will not exceed 80% of the maximum allowable working tension. Rubber conveyor belts shall be made of rubber and grade of cover shall be Fire Resistance (FR) grade conforming to Canadian Standard Association CAN/CSA/M-222-M87 Grade-C.

Figure 2.20: Sectional Drawing of Approach Trestle

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ONSHORE FACILITIES

1. Storage area requirements: The project is envisaged to handle 1.5 Million TPA of Bauxite. Bauxite is likely to be exported considering its market requirements. Cargo stock yard is considered to take care of uneven flow rate of incoming and outgoing bauxite loads. Stockyard is proposed to be located on the western side of the jetty at the end of the approach trestle to provide ease of stock transfer from the yard to the barges through the approach trestle. Area near to conveyor belt of about 1.4 ha (Excluding existing road) is proposed for stacking of Bauxite.

Back up area of 1.66 ha (stock yard) required for the allied infrastructure and mineral storage in the eco-sensitive zone being Government Waste Land is being acquired which is part of the 3.68 ha in Eco-Sensitive Zone.

Cargo is likely to be transported by dumpers to the project site. At project site, material will be unloaded into stock yard and stock pile will be formed with dozer & excavator. The maximum height of stock pile will be maintained at 5 m.

Table 2.7: Storage Area Breakup

S. No. Details Unit Commodity

1. Traffic Million TPA 1.50

2. Average Dwell Time Days 7

3. Storage Requirement MT 43,750

4. Type of storage Requirement - Open

5. Average Cargo stored area MT/m2 5 2 6. Net area requirement m 8,750 m2 7. Total storage requirement 8,750

8. Add 30% area for circulation 30% 1,750 Total area requirement for 9. ha 1.05 storage

From above table, it is clear that 1.05 ha of area is required for storage of proposed cargo. It is planned to provide area of about 1.05 ha to match the cargo handling. Cargo will be stored in open area in bulk form.

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2. Ancillary Services and Utility

Office and administrative building will be developed in order to facilitate the ancillary operations of the project. Control cabin will be set up at the main gate for security reasons. These will be of minimum height and as per the NBC norms. Internal road network of 7 m width will be developed to facilitate the internal transportation of the cargo vehicles. The road network will be of RCC type to reduce dust emission and increase efficiency of the transportation system.

Greenbelt area: Green belt development plan with necessary budget of Rs. 1 Lakh will be prepared in consultation with forest department and the area will be planted with local trees. Compensatory mangrove afforestation will be carried out as a part of Mangrove Management Plan.

2.6.3 Ship Sizes

As per the traffic projection of BML, Bauxite is the only commodity likely to be handled at the proposed facilities, in order to reduce huge capital cost of building deep water & direct berthing port infrastructure, it is envisaged that BML will modernize and develop barge handling facilities up to 1,000 DWT barges. The main export going vessels (40,000 DWT to 80,000 DWT) will be handled in the deep sea at anchorage point. Table 2.8: Dimension of anticipated barges for proposed facility

Barge Barge Barge S. No Particulars of Barges Capacity Capacity (600 Capacity (500 MT) MT to 700 MT) (1000 MT) 1. LOA (m) 48 53.65 63 2. BEAM (m) 10 9.80 12 3. Loaded Draft (m) 2.90 2.90 3.20 4. Ballast Draft (m) 1.20 1.30 1.40

Draft Requirement

Table 2.9: Draft Requirements for barges of different capacity

Barge Barge Barge S. No. Particulars of Barges Capacity Capacity (600 Capacity (1000 MT) (500 MT) MT to 700 MT)

1. LOA (m) 48 53.65 63 2. BEAM (m) 10 9.80 12 3. Loaded Draft (m) 2.90 2.90 3.20 4. Ballast Draft (m) 1.20 1.30 1.40

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5. Keel Clearance (m) 0.5/8 0.58 0.64 Required Draft w.r.t. CD 6. 3.48 3.48 3.84 (m)

Available Draft at Jetty 7. +1.0 +1.0 +1.0 Head w.r.t CD

Tide Required to Start the 8. 4.48 4.48 4.84 Maneuvering Operation

2.6.4 Dredging and Dredge material Disposal

No capital dredging or Maintenance dredging will be required during the proposed project.

Capital dredging is not required, as maximum -0.2 m CD draft is required for operation of 1000 tonnes barges. This -0.2 m CD draft is already available at the location of berthing facility, which is required for the movement of the 1000 tonnes of barges.

During the construction of approach trestle cast in situ pile foundation technical will be utilized. These piles are constructed by drilling holes in the ground to act as a steady support for civil structures to be built on top of it. These piles are constructed by drilling holes in the ground to the required depth and then filling the hole with concrete. Reinforcements are also used in the concrete as per the requirements.

Due to proposed technology very negligible amount of excavated earth material will be generated, which is one time generation. This excavated earth will be sent to adjacent/nearby BML‘s mining area for back- filling of mining pit.

Maintenance dredging is not required as from the Sediment Transport model study i.e. Hydrodyn- SEDSOFT, it is observed no significant erosion or deposition will be take place. Moreover, as from shoreline change map prepared by Anna University it is evident that proposed project falls under stable coastal zone hence no Accretion and Erosion will take place.

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2.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT

To carry out operational activities of the proposed project, various resources like power, fuel, water, manpower etc. will be utilized. 2.7.1 Land Requirement

The proponent has acquired land of 44,932 m2, i.e. 4.49 ha land where the redevelopment work will take place. Land documents i.e. Letter of Intent from GMB of the project site is attached as Annexure – 4 & 5. The project site falls in Marine Sanctuary and its adjoining Eco-sensitive Zone. Project area falling in the marine sanctuary is ~0.81 ha. Whereas project area falling in the Eco-sensitive zone is 3.6817 ha which includes 1.47 ha area required for mineral storage and 2.21 ha area as required for other allied facilities like conveyor belt, roads, office, etc. Land area break up is given below:

Table 2.10: Land Break up Details

Length (m) x S. No Title Area (m2) Width (m)

1. Stock Yard 235 x 71 16685

a. Office & Control Room 10 x 10 100 b. Hopper 12 x 10 120 c. Green belt area -- 5540 d. Material stacking area with road -- 10925 Conveyor belt and it‘s adjacent road - 2. 97 x 12 1164 Eco-Sensitive Zone 3. Existing Road- Eco Sensitive area 2709 x 7 18963 Conveyor belt and it‘s adjacent road - 4. 325 x 12 3900 Marine Sanctuary 5. Dolphin Area 4 x 2.5 x 2 nos. 20 6. Existing Road – Marine Sanctuary 415 x 10 4150 7. Control Cabin 10 x 5 50 Area (ha) 4.4932

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Figure 2.21: Map showing Land break up (Long view)

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Figure 2.22: Map showing Land break up (short view)

2.7.2 Water Requirement

During the construction phase, 5-10 KLD water will be required for domestic and construction purposes. Sewage generated during the construction and operation phase will be treated in a septic tank/soak pit system.

During the operation phase, 4.6 KLD water will be required which will be sourced from private tankers.

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Table 2.11: Water Consumption Details

Quantity S. No. Description (KLD)

1. Construction phase 5-10

2. Operation Phase

a. Domestic purpose 0.6

b. Dust suppression and Greenbelt 4.0

TOTAL (a+b) 4.6

*Rainwater collected in the nearby mining pit will be utilized for dust suppression measures.

Fresh Water 4.6 KLD

Dust Suppresion and Domestic purposes Greenbelt 0.6 KLD 4.0 KLD

Figure 2.23: Water Balance Diagram

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2.7.3 Capital Investment

The proposed project envisages capital requirement of Rs. 8.0 Crores for development of the infrastructure for the proposed restoration and expansion of existing jetty. Capital Cost of Environment Management Systems and Environmental Monitoring Equipment etc will be Rs. 0.55 Crores. Table 2.12: Cost Breakup

Cost S. No. Description of Parameter (Rs. Crores)

1 Development of Stacking Area 0.25

2 Berthing Structure And Dolphin 0.75 Conveyor Belt Supporting Pile Structure Upto @ 3 1.95 422 m Conveyor Belt With Supporting Structure Upto @ 4 4.50 422 m

Design EMP/Environment Pollution Control 5 0.55 Measures

Total 8.00

2.7.4 Electricity

Power Requirement:

120 KVA power requirements for the proposed project will be sourced from the nearest substation of Electricity board. 150 KVA D.G.Set will be installed, for emergency power backup. Fuel:

Only diesel will be used as a fuel in the yard for operating the D.G. Set (in case of power failure and other emergencies). Quantity of HSD: 25 liter/h for operation of conveyor belt will be required.

2.7.5 Manpower Requirement

Approx. 50 Nos. of people will get direct employment during the construction phase. Local workers (skilled and semiskilled) will be employed and hence no housing facility will be developed in the yard premises.

Total 15 Nos. of people will be employed during the operation phase of the proposed project.

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Table 2.13: Manpower Requirement

S. Numbers/shift/month Category No. Construction Phase Operation Phase

1. Managers 2 1 2. Technicians 8 2 3. Engineers 6 3 4. Skilled workers 10 5 5. Semi-skilled workers 12 4 6. Unskilled workers 12 - Total 50 15

2.8 CARGO HANDLING ACTIVITY

Total Bauxite Mineral Cargo handling capacity will be 1.5 Million TPA.

Figure 2.24: Overall Operation Cycle to Export Mineral Cargo

Cargo arrival from Mines to storage yard:

The mine is located 10-12 km away from the proposed site and it is proposed to transfer the cargo from mine to stock yard/ backup area through dumpers and trucks. For handling of 1.5 Million tonnes per Annum of cargo, it is estimated that about 10-15 numbers of dumpers/h will be required.

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Cargo storage at storage yard:

Once the cargo is arrived to stock yard via dumpers, it will be unloaded to stock piles/designated storage area by manual method. Excavators and pay loaders will be utilized to heap the cargo in stock pile area.

Cargo Transfer from Backup yard to Berthing through conveyor:

Mechanized system will be developed to transfer the cargo from backup yard to jetty area through conveyor. The proposed conveyor will have adequate rated capacity. While planning for the conveyor capacities, the cargo arrival from plant was also considered for optimum capacity of the conveyor belt.

Sufficient number of hoppers will be deployed on conveyor to load the cargo from stock pile to conveyor area. Cargo will be fed by excavators and dumpers through number of hopper points.

The conveyor C1 will transfer cargo to transfer tower (T1) and from transfer tower (T1); cargo will be transferred through conveyor to jetty transfer house (T2). And for barge loading, jetty conveyor (C3) will be deployed from transfer house (T2) with appropriate tripping system for loading of two barges at a time.

Loading of Barges at Berthing

Barges of 1000 DWT will be fed through jetty conveyor. Suitable mechanical control system will be installed for smooth and efficient operation i.e. loading of cargo into the barges.

Barge Movement to Anchorage Point

The loaded barge will move to anchorage point with or without assistance from Tugs as barge fleet will consist of dumb and self-propelled barges. Adequate fleet of barges will transport the cargo to designated anchorage area.

Loading of cargo into mother (bigger) vessel through ship gears

It is proposed to export the bauxite through 40,000 to 80,000 DWT vessel size. The loaded barges will be placed along the bigger vessel. Ship gears will be utilized to load the cargo from barges to main vessel.

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2.9 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

Once all the regulatory clearances for the project are approved, the estimated time for the project completion is 2 years. The detailed project implementation schedule is mentioned in below table:

Table 2.14: Project Implementation Schedule

Manpower S. Starting End Duration in years requirement Description No. month month 1 2 3 4 5

Land development Construction and 50 nos. 1. Development of 1 24 onshore and offshore structures

And Cargo Handling and 2. 25 subsequent 15 nos. Jetty Operation years

2.10 ASPECT IMPACT ANALYSIS

Table 2.15: Aspect Impact Analysis

Impact Characteristics Environmental Activity Cause Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Significance

Port Air Quality Exhaust Negative Short Reversible High, basic activity Vessels and Emissions Term of the project Vehicle Movement Noise Levels Noise Negative Short Reversible Low, due to noise Generation Term protection measures

Risk and Accidents, Negative Short Irreversible Medium due to loss Hazards collision of Term of property and vessels injury to manpower

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Impact Characteristics Environmental Activity Cause Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Significance

Aquatic/Marine Vessel Negative Long Reversible Medium, due to Ecology/Fish movement Term loss of habitat and species disturbance/change in their surroundings

Water Quality Bilge/Ballast Negative Short Reversible Low, due to release water Term of ballast water back into the sea water

Bauxite Noise Levels Noise Negative Short Reversible Low, due to noise handling Generation Term protection and storage measures

Work Zone Air Dust Negative Short Reversible Low, due to Quality Generation Term confined area

Risk and Accidents Negative Short Irreversible Low, due to injury Hazards Term to manpower

Water Quality Spillage of Negative Short Reversible Low, due to dry Bauxite Term cargo

Sewage Water Quality Generation Negative Short Reversible Septic tank/soak pit generation of Term will be provided Wastewater

Solid Waste Land and Soil Generation Negative Short Reversible Low, proper Disposal of Solid Term collection and Waste disposal

Employment Socio Economic Direct and Positive Long Irreversible High, the project Generation Status Indirect term will generate

employment employment

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Impact Characteristics Environmental Activity Cause Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Significance

Social Quality of Life In flow of Positive Long Irreversible High, the project Welfare funds in the term will generate activities region/nation employment

SUMMARY

The proposed project is Restoration and Expansion of Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) Pindara Jetty and Allied facilities of handling of Mineral Cargo located near Virpur village. Pindara Jetty was in operation for handling mineral cargo since 1950 by Gujarat Maritime Board for handling of mineral cargo. Pindara notified port limit is bordering from the other port limits of Salaya in the east to Okha port limit in the west, to Pindara – Virpur village limits in the south and to 12 fathom (36.576 m) in the north. Out of the entire port limit only a small portion of jetty area of 0.81 hectares falls within the marine sanctuary and 3.68 hectares in eco sensitive zone which includes the existing roads leading to the Pindara Jetty. Proposed facility is likely to handle cargo of about 1.5 Million TPA of Bauxite. Considering the project details, the proposed project falls under category 7(e) „B‟ – Ports, Harbours of EIA Notification 2006 and amendment thereafter. Proposed project is located on the West coast of Indian Gulf of Kutch about 130 km west of Jamnagar in newly formed District Devbhumi Dwarka of Gujarat State. Proposed terminal is about 55.56 km North East of existing Vadinar Port. Pindara is connected by road to Khambhalia about 50 km to West. Khambhalia is connected by road and rail to Jamnagar in the East and by Rail and road to Dwarka in the West. Total 45 nos. of people will be employed during the operation phase of the proposed project. 120 KVA power requirements for the proposed project will be sourced from Electricity Board. 150 KVA D.G.Set (1 nos.) will be installed, for emergency power backup. Only diesel will be used as a fuel in the yard for operating the D.G. Set (in case of power failure and other emergencies). Water requirement for the proposed project will be 4.6 KLD during operation phase which will be sourced from village water supply line/private tankers. Vessels like Barges, Self-Propelled Barges, Trailers and Loaders will be employed at the jetty for cargo movement. Major impacting activities like Site Preparation Activities, Temporary Setting, Construction works, Cargo Handling and Utility Operations have been considered for the proposed project. No flue gas or process emission is envisaged for the proposed project. Also, there will be no industrial effluent generation, only 0.5 KLD sewage will be generated which will be disposed off in Septic tank/Soak pit system. Used oil and discarded containers will be generated as solid/hazardous wastes.

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CHAPTER-3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.0 GENERAL

The baseline data of existing environmental conditions are very essential for Environmental Impact Assessment and Prediction of impacts due to any proposed activities. The purpose of the study is to provide the information basis for monitoring and assessing an activity. It also helps to determine project compliance with regulatory requirements, standard and government policies. This is an important intend of ―Environmental Impact Assessment‖ Study. The baseline data are collected from the study area to meet the need of this purpose. Environmental monitoring is a systematic measurement of key environmental indicators over a time within a particular geographic area. The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for various components of the environment viz. air, noise, water, soil, hydrology, geology, biological and socio-economic. 3.1 BASELINE STUDY AREA AND PERIOD

The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study region within 10 km radius of the project site for the period 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017. An exhaustive attempt has been made in the current chapter to disclose all possible base line status of environmental quality in the vicinity of the project, which further serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. Sampling locations covered within study area are shown in the figure 3.1.

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Figure 3.1: Study Area Map 3.2 METHODOLOGY

The baseline environmental study was carried out for the various environmental components viz. Air, Noise, Soil, Water, Ecology and biodiversity and Socio economy. Before the finalization of sampling locations to carry out the environmental monitoring and survey, our field area expert had visited the site. All the locations have been selected within 10 km radius from the project site as per the requirement of TOR and environmental samples were collected from the selected locations of the study area of industrial project site. Before starting the survey activity for ecology and bio diversity and socio economic status, secondary data were used as reference during the desktop survey for listing the species of study zone and planning the survey activities. As a secondary source of data, for Ecology and Biodiversity survey various publications by the government of Gujarat and forest department Devbhumi Dwarka were used. For Socio economy, Census of India 2011 was referred and considered. 3.2.1 Study Period and Frequency of Sampling

The period of study was 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017. Details of frequency of environmental sampling considered for the study are illustrated in table 3.1. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 61 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Table 3.1: Frequency of Environmental Sampling

Sampling Attributes Locations Parameters Frequency

A. Air Environment

Micro-meteorological Nr. Project Site Temperature, Relative Hourly data for the Data Humidity, Precipitation period 1st March 2017 to Wind direction, Wind 31st May 2017. Speed Ambient Air Quality 6 numbers of locations in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx 24 hour basis, twice a the study area of 10 km week during study radius. period.

B. Noise 6 numbers of locations in Noise Levels in dB(A) Once in Study Period the study area of 10 km radius C. Soil Quality Samples from 6 numbers Physical, Chemical Once in Study Period of locations within 10 km Characteristics, Soil radius from the project site. Texture D. Water Ground Water Samples from 4 numbers Physical, Chemical, Once in Study Period of locations within 10 km Microbiological and radius from the project site. Heavy Metal Surface Water Samples from 4 numbers Physical, Chemical, Once in Study Period of locations within 10 km Microbiological and radius from the project site. Heavy Metal

Marine water Samples from 4 Location within 10 km radius during Physical, Chemical, high tide and low tide for Microbiological, Once in Study Period Marine water sample as Biological, Heavy Metal well as sediment sample. Survey of EB within 10 km Terrestrial ecology- Flora Once in Study Period radius from the project & fauna E. Ecology and Bio site. Marine ecology- diversity Survey Zooplanktons, phytoplankton, benthos, fishes Survey SE within 10 km Once in Study Period F. Socio Economic radius from the project Demography, population Survey site. density, Literacy rate etc

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3.2.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis

The methods adopted for environmental sampling and analysis are illustrated in following table 3.2. Table 3.2: Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis

Methods Attributes Sampling/Preservation Analysis/Data analysis

A. Air

Micro-meteorological Data collected on hourly basis using Data weather station as per CPCB NA Guideline. Ambient air quality As per IS: 5182, CPCB & AWMA. As per IS:5182,CPCB & AWMA

B. Noise Instrument : Sound level meter Survey carried out as per CPCB guideline. C. Soil Quality IS 2720, Soil Testing in India IS 2720, Laboratory developed (Department of Agriculture & Method as per NABL requirement and Cooperation). Book - Soil Testing in India (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation). D. Water Ground Water Standard Methods for Examination of IS 3025 and Standard Methods for Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition, Examination of Water and Surface Water nd APHA 2012. Wastewater, 22 edition, APHA 2012.

AAQM at Project site AAQM at Mahadeviya village (Cross wind)

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AAQM at Pindara village (Up wind) Noise level at Mevasa village

Noise level at Pindara village Soil at Mota Asota village

Soil at Project site Ground water at Mota Asota village (Well water)

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Ground water at Mevasa village (Well water) Surface water at Pindara village (Pond)

Surface water at Project site (Mining Pit)

Figure 3.2 Photographs Showing Sampling Activities

3.3 MICROMETEOROLOGY

The study of micro – meteorological data helps to understand the variations in the ambient air quality status in that region. The prevailing micrometeorological condition at project site plays a crucial role in transport and dispersion of air pollutants. The persistence of the predominant wind direction and wind speed at the project site decide the direction and extent of the air pollution impact zone. The principal variables which affect the micrometeorology are horizontal transport and dispersion, convective transport and vertical mixing and topography of the area towards local influences. 3.3.1 Source of Meteorological Data

Micrometeorological data were collected by using the weather station as per CPCB guideline which was installed near project site. All the micrometeorological data were collected on hourly basis for the period 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017.

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3.3.2 Temperature

During the study period minimum temperature was recorded 23.0oC on March 2017 and maximum temperature was recorded as 46.2oC on April 2017. Temperature data were collected on hourly basis during the study period and monthly maximum and minimum results are tabulated in table 3.3. Variation of temperature is graphically presented in figure 3.3. Table 3.3 Minimum and Maximum Temperature data in Daily basis (March‟17 to May‟17)

Temperature (oC) Date March'17 April'17 May'17 Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. 1 23.0 40.0 26.0 42.0 28.4 34.5 2 23.2 40.0 26.0 40.2 25.0 38.0 3 24.2 37.0 26.0 43.0 26.0 42.0 4 23.0 38.0 26.0 44.8 28.0 38.2 5 23.6 39.0 26.0 46.0 26.4 42.4 6 23.0 38.0 26.0 42.3 24.0 41.0 7 23.0 38.0 26.0 44.5 26.0 42.2 8 24.0 40.2 26.0 40.0 25.0 42.2 9 24.0 41.0 26.0 46.0 30.3 42.1 10 25.0 40.0 26.0 42.5 27.4 42.0 11 24.0 38.5 26.0 44.6 24.0 38.3 12 23.5 39.8 27.0 46.2 30.0 33.3 13 23.0 34.3 27.0 44.5 30.2 33.3 14 23.0 41.5 26.2 39.6 30.2 35.2 15 23.6 42.0 26.0 40.3 31.0 42.0 16 23.0 41.0 24.0 38.6 26.0 42.3 17 25.3 42.0 29.6 40.4 31.2 38.0 18 23.0 41.0 28.0 42.1 25.0 40.2 19 23.2 42.0 30.2 39.8 27.0 35.4 20 23.0 41.0 29.3 38.3 28.0 35.0 21 24.0 38.0 30.0 33.3 30.0 35.3 22 23.6 39.5 27.4 44.5 30.1 34.5 23 23.0 39.8 28.0 43.5 31.1 33.6 24 23.0 40.3 26.0 46.0 30.0 33.6 25 23.0 38.5 29.0 42.3 31.0 33.5 26 23.0 41.3 31.2 38.0 30.2 33.6 27 23.2 40.2 30.0 37.5 30.3 33.6 28 23.4 42.0 29.0 35.4 31.1 33.6 29 23.0 41.0 28.0 35.0 24.0 35.6 30 24.0 42.0 30.0 35.3 26.0 41.3 31 24.0 40.3 - - 24.0 41.2

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Figure 3.3 Date wise Temperature Variation

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3.3.3 Humidity

Humidity affects the nature and characteristics of pollutants in the atmosphere as it is the measure of amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Humidity helps suspended particulate matter to coalesce and grow in size to settle under the gaseous pollutants by providing them aqueous medium. Hourly data for humidity were collected and humidity in the range of 13.0% to 85.0%. Day wise maximum and minimum data of humidity are tabulated in table 3.4. Variation of humidity is graphically presented in figure 3.4. Table 3.4 Minimum & Maximum Humidity data in Daily basis (March‟17 to May‟17)

Humidity (%) Date March'17 April'17 May'17 Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. 1 16 68 19 67 21 78 2 15 70 16 75 25 81 3 18 70 17 77 22 85 4 19 70 18 70 19 81 5 13 69 13 76 20 82 6 14 70 14 70 21 83 7 17 59 17 59 19 77 8 13 69 13 69 20 80 9 13 64 16 74 19 84 10 14 70 17 77 19 85 11 14 70 16 77 19 83 12 15 70 16 74 20 84 13 13 70 16 76 21 83 14 13 70 18 70 20 80 15 14 70 18 73 20 78 16 13 69 19 72 21 85 17 15 69 18 74 19 83 18 14 70 16 71 19 82 19 15 68 16 73 20 81 20 15 68 17 68 19 79 21 16 70 16 70 21 81 22 17 70 17 77 20 80 23 16 69 17 76 19 85 24 14 69 17 69 19 82 25 14 70 16 70 20 82 26 15 68 16 74 21 85 27 13 68 16 73 19 82 28 13 70 16 77 20 84 29 17 69 17 76 22 83 30 18 70 18 72 19 84 31 14 70 - - 20 85

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Figure 3.4 Date wise Humidity Variation

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3.3.4 Wind Speed

Hourly wind speed data were collected for the period 1st March‘17 to 31st May‘17 with the help of weather station. The rate of dispersion, diffusion and transportation of pollutants in the atmosphere mainly depend on wind speed and its direction. Wind direction and speed data have been collected during the study period. Maximum wind speed was recorded up to 38.0 km/h. below 0.1 km/h of wind speed has been considered as 0.0 km/h by this wind monitor. 24.14 % calm condition was observed during the study period. Month wise minimum and maximum wind speed data are tabulated in table 3.5. 3.3.5 Wind Rose

Wind rose diagram is a graphical representation of the magnitude and direction of wind speed considering all the directions. From the knowledge of wind rose one can easily predict the direction and extent of spreading of the gaseous and particulate matter from the source. Wind rose diagram has been prepared by using hourly wind velocity and dominant wind direction data and is presented in figure 3.5. Table 3.5: Minimum and Maximum Wind Speed data in Monthly basis

Wind Speed Month Minimum Maximum Average km/h m/sec km/h m/sec km/h m/sec March'17 1.2 0.33 28.0 7.8 8.5 2.4 April'17 1.0 0.28 26.0 7.2 11.5 3.2 May'17 1.7 0.47 38.0 10.6 14.1 3.9

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Figure 3.5: Wind Rose Diagram (1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17) 3.3.6 Interpretation of Micrometeorological Data

Based on wind rose diagram it is interpreted that, dominant wind blow was towards NE, E and SE therefor dominant wind direction can be considered as SW to NE, W to E and NW to SE. On the basis of other data like temperature, humidity and wind velocity and comparison with past data from secondary sources, it is also interpreted that there is no considerable variation in micrometeorological condition of the study area. Based on micrometeorological data, it is interpreted that chances of maximum dispersion of pollutants will be in NE, E and SE direction due to the coming project during the period of 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017 and other directions will also be impacted.

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3.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out for the assessment of the existing status of background air quality in the study area. This will be useful for assessing the conformity of the ambient air quality to the standards even after commencement of the proposed project. 3.4.1 Selection of Sampling Locations

Following points were considered during the selection of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations.

 Predominant Wind Direction.  Topography/terrain of the study area.  Regional synoptic scale climatologically norms.  Densely populated areas within the region.  Location of surrounding Industries.  Representation of regional background.  Facility for Ambient Air Monitoring.  Representation of valid cross – sectional distribution in downwind direction.  Avoidance of proximity of roads, construction activity or any other perturbing activity which may be temporary in nature, or which may lead to some erroneous conclusions.  Availability of manpower, electricity, approach, sturdy structure and protection of samplers.

To establish the baseline status around the project site of the study region, monitoring was conducted for 6 numbers of locations during 1st March 2017 to 31st May 2017. At the time of location selection, summary of micrometeorological data for 10 years available on internet site was referred and general wind pattern in the study area was considered for the selection of minimum one location in the downwind direction NE and one in upwind direction as control SW.

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Figure 3.6: Map Showing the Study Region with Locations for Ambient Air.

Table 3.6 Environment Monitoring Locations in the Study Region

Code No. Locations Distance/Direction Latitude/Longitude Selection Criteria

22°15'55.38"N A1 Project Site_BML - - 69°17'12.45"E 22°15'17.72"N 3rd predominant A2 Virpur village 3.6 km/SE 69°18'56.85"E downwind 22°14'42.46"N 1st predominant A3 Pindara Village 3.5 km/SW 69°15'21.34"E upwind 22°13'29.42"N A4 Mevasa village 5.5 km/SSE Crosswind 69°18'31.27"E 22°11'35.43"N A5 Mahadevia village 8.0 km/SSW Crosswind 69°16'30.27"E 22°16'17.01"N 2nd predominant A6 Mota Asota village 9.0 km/E 69°22'21.60"E downwind

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3.4.2 Frequency and Parameters for Sampling

Sampling team was appointed with one FAE and Technical Assistant to carry out Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for 6 numbers of locations within 10 km radius from the project site. Sampling and analysis was carried out as per CPCB, IS 5182 and EPA and instrument operation manual for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx. Sample was brought to the laboratory in Ice box and filter box for analysis. Frequency of sampling was twice a week during study period. 3.4.3 Instruments for Sampling

Samples were collected by using the PM10 and PM2.5 micron dust samplers at suitable height (>3m) above the ground level as per the availability of the facility. Methods of Sampling were adopted as outlined by Central Pollution Control Board, Bureau of Indian Standard and National Environmental Engineering Research Institute. Monitoring was carried out as per the instructions of instrument‘s manual. Details of method are presented in table 3.7 Table 3.7 Details of Analysis Method

S. No. Pollutant Test Method

1. PM2.5 Guidelines for the Measurement of Ambient Air Pollutants Volume-I by CPCB (Gravimetric)

2. PM10 IS 5182 Part 23, 2006

3. SO2 IS 5182 Part 2, 2001 4. NOx IS 5182 Part 6, 2006

3.4.4 Quality of Ambient Air

Ambient air quality monitoring and analysis was carried out for 8 numbers of locations as per the standard methods. Minimum, maximum and percentile value for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx are tabulated in table 3.8 to table 3.9.

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Table 3.8 Minimum, Maximum, Average and Percentile Value of PM10 and PM2.5

(1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17)

3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5 (µg/m ) Code No. Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98 98 A1 69.2 88.0 88.2 77.6 37.4 47.5 47.6 41.8 A2 66.9 85.3 85.5 75.1 36.3 45.3 45.4 40.0 A3 61.8 80.6 80.8 70.6 30.8 40.1 40.2 35.4

A4 66.4 85.2 85.4 75.0 35.1 45.0 45.1 39.9

A5 64.8 84.2 84.2 74.8 33.5 43.5 43.5 38.7

A6 60.3 79.1 79.3 69.1 30.0 39.3 39.4 34.6 NAAQ Standard limit as per new notification of MoEF&CC, 2009 100 60 (on 24 hr basis)

Table 3.9 Minimum, Maximum, Average and Percentile Value of SO2 and NOx

(1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17)

3 3 SO2 (µg/m ) NOX (µg/m ) Code No. Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98 98 A1 35.7 42.2 42.2 38.8 42.1 52.0 52.0 47.5 A2 34.5 41.0 41.0 37.6 40.5 50.7 50.7 46.8 A3 29.8 36.3 36.3 32.9 36.4 45.0 45.2 40.6 A4 34.1 40.6 40.6 37.2 39.0 49.2 49.2 44.8 A5 33.0 39.5 39.5 36.1 38.6 48.0 48.0 43.9 A6 29.4 35.9 35.9 32.5 35.5 43.8 43.8 40.1 NAAQ Standard limit as per new notification of MoEF&CC, 80 80 2009

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3.4.5 Summary of Ambient Air Quality

Results were compared with the NAAQ Standard limit as per new notification of MoEF&CC, 2009.

3  During the study PM2.5 was observed in the range of 30.0 – 47.6 µg/m . Maximum concentration

of PM2.5 was found at Project site (A1).

3.  PM10 was observed in the range of 60.3 – 88.2 µg/m Maximum concentration of PM10 was found

at Project Site (A1). All the results of PM10 were found well within the NAAQ standard limit as per new notification of MoEF&CC, 2009.

3  SO2 concentration was observed in the range of 29.4 – 42.2 µg/m , which is well within the NAAQ standard limit as per new notification of MoEF&CC, 2009.

3  NOx concentration in Ambient Air Quality was found in the range 35.5 – 52.0 µg/m .

3.4.6 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Data

Results show that gaseous parameters are below the standard norms prescribed by CPCB which indicates that there is no chance to exceed the norms due to addition of measured gaseous parameters. On the basis of test results found during the survey it can be concluded that the ambient air quality of the study region is good as all the results are well within the limit. 3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Various noise scales have been introduced to describe in a single number the response of an average human being to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loudness levels. The most common and widely accepted is the weighted decibel dB (A) scale. The objective of the baseline noise survey was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels at the sensitive receptors within the study area. Peoples‘ perception of noise varies depending on number of factors including their natural sensitivity and hearing ability, past experience of sound, cultural factors and the time of day at which sound is experienced. Continuous sound is perceived quite differently from intermittent sound at the same level. High or continuous noise levels may cause permanent loss of hearing ranging from reduced perception at certain frequencies to total deafness. At comparatively higher levels noise may have psychological effects including disturbance of sleep, annoyance and irritation. 3.5.1 Sources of Noise Pollution

The sources of noise pollution in the study area are industrial noise, noise due to commercial activities, noise generated by community, vehicular traffic, etc. 3.5.2 Noise Level in the Study Area

The noise level was monitored at different villages in study area, transportation area and nearer to industrial area. Details of locations are given in table 3.10 and figure 3.7. Some photographs showing the sampling activities at different locations are represented in figure 3.2. Results are tabulated in table 3.11 and 3.12

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Figure 3.7 Map Showing the Study Region with Locations for Ambient Noise

Table 3.10 Noise Monitoring Location

Code No. Locations Distance/Direction Latitude/Longitude Selection Criteria

22°16'0.15"N N1 Project Site - Industrial area 69°16'55.24"E 22°15'10.31"N N2 Virpur village 3.7 km/SE Residential area 69°18'55.05"E 22°14'40.85"N N3 Pindara Village 3.5 km/SW Residential area 69°15'22.91"E 22°13'26.72"N N4 Mevasa village 5.5 km/SSE Residential area 69°18'31.51"E 22°11'34.56"N N5 Mahadevia village 8.0 km/SSW Residential area 69°16'31.45"E 22°16'16.47"N N6 Asota Mota village 9.0 km/E Residential area 69°22'21.62"E Table 3.11 Noise Monitoring Report during Day Time (1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17)

L L L Limit Code No. max min d Selection Criteria dB dB dB(A) dB(A) N1 55.4 50.5 52.4 75 Industrial area N2 56.2 49.8 53.8 55 Residential area

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55 Residential area N3 54.8 49.8 53.4

N4 56.0 51.2 54.2 55 Residential area N5 55.2 51.2 54.4 55 Residential area 55 N6 54.6 51.2 54.3 Residential area

Table 3.12 Noise Monitoring Report during Night Time (1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17)

L L L Limit Code No. max min n Selection Criteria dB dB dB(A) dB(A) 70 N1 46.3 41.7 42.5 Industrial area 45 N2 46.4 38.0 43.5 Residential area N3 44.6 38.9 43.1 45 Residential area 45 N4 46.2 38.5 43.7 Residential area N5 44.9 41.2 44.3 45 Residential area N6 44.8 41.6 44.4 45 Residential area Note: Day time –6:00 AM to 10:00 PM, Night time – 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM Noise standards have been designated for different types of land use i.e. residential, commercial, industrial areas and silence zones, as per ‗The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day (6 AM to 10 PM) and night (10 PM to 6 AM). The noise level study shows that the noise levels are meeting the acceptable norms.

3.5.3 Interpretation of Noise Data

Maximum noise level was recorded 56.2 dB (A) during day time at Virpur Village (N2) while the equivalent noise level was 53.8 dB (A) which is well within the limit for Industrial zone. Equivalent noise level taken from all the villages also meet with the norms for residential area as per the Noise criteria given by the MoEF&CC, 2009.

3.6 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Land Use Pattern of the Study area Studies on land use aspects of eco system play an important role to identify sensitive issues and to take appropriate action for maintaining ecological homeostasis in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the area, so that temporal changes due to the proposed project on the surroundings can be assessed in future. Data Used: United States Geological Survey (USGS) Satellite Data: Land sat 8 cloud free data has been used for Land use /Land cover analysis, Satellite Sensor–OLITIRS multi-spectral digital data has been used for the preparation of land use/ land cover map of present study. Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for the preparation of base map and geometric correction of satellite data. Ground truthing has been carried out to validate the interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data, by enabling verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing with the information, which cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery. Methodology: The methodology used for the study consists of following components. Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 78 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

Methodology Adopted for Thematic Data Extraction from the Satellite Imageries Methodology Adopted for Thematic Data Extraction from the Satellite Imageries

ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0 software were used for the project. ERDAS 10.0 image processing software was used for digital processing of the spatial data. Digital image processing techniques were applied for the mapping of the land use land cover classes of the provided area from the satellite data. Methodology used for land use classification and mapping is presented in figure 3.8.

Figure 3.8: Methodology Used for Land use Classification and Mapping

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Figure 3.9: Land Use Map

Table 3.13 Land Use Statistic (10 km)

Land Use/Land Cover Area (km2) % Land Use/Land Cover Salt pan 18.48 5.66% Mangroves 4.9 1.50% Grass Land 12.29 3.76% Forest Land 1.95 0.60% Agriculture Land 17.82 5.46% Barren Land 19.98 6.12% Muddy 30.02 9.19% Scrub Land 30.27 9.27% Fallow Land 85.18 26.09% Water 105.64 32.35% Total 326.53 100

The area surrounding the project site is largely Water body and Fallow land area covering 32.35% and 26.09% respectively of the total study area. Muddy, Salt pan area and Mangroves covering around 9.19%, 5.66% and 1.50% respectively. Scrub land, Grass land and Barren land covering around 9.27%, 3.76% and 6.12% respectively. Forest and Agriculture land occupies nearly 0.60% and 5.46% of the total study area. Total 10 numbers of legends have been considered for land use map preparation by our field area expert. Land use map and pie chart expressing the % cover of land Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 80 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004

for different aspects (legend) are presented in figure 3.9, figure 3.10 and Land use data are presented in table 3.13.

1.50% 3.76% 5.66% 0.60% 5.46% 32.35% 6.12%

9.19% Salt pan Mangroves 9.27% Grass Land 26.09% Forest Land Agriculture Land Barren Land Muddy Scrub Land Fallow Land Water

Figure 3.10: Pie Chart of Percentage Cover of Land. INTERPRETATION OF LAND USE

Based on land use static for 10 km, it is interpreted that maximum the area surrounding the project site is largely Water body and Fallow land area covering 32.35% and 26.09% respectively of the total study area. Percentage agriculture land cover is 5.46% and land cover for mangroves is 1.5%. Percentage covers of barren land and fallow land is 6.12 and 26.09 respectively.

3.7 TRAFFIC STUDY

Proposed project is connected with SH 6, which connects with National Highway No. 947. This state highway No 6 is also locally known as Coastal Highway No 6. Proposed project will attract to commercial vehicles as a result traffic load will also increase on highways. Traffic load play a major role in polluting the air. To assess the traffic load, 4 numbers of surveyors were appointed to survey for State Highway No. 6 and National Highway No. 947. SH-6 connects project site to NH-947. Traffic data has been collected for NH-947 and SH-6 (CH-6) continuously for 24 hours by visual observation and counting of vehicles under three categories, viz., heavy motor vehicles, light motor vehicles and two/three wheelers. Traffic densities on the roads are high, two skilled persons were deployed simultaneously at each station during each shift- one person on each of the two directions for counting the traffic. At the end of each hour, fresh counting and recording was undertaken. Traffic study is conducted on State Highway No. 6 from 23rd and 24th March 2017, National Highway No. 947 from 25th and 26th March 2017.

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Table 3.14 Type of Vehicle

S. No. Type of vehicle Remarks 1. Two Wheeler Cycle, moped, bike, bullock cart 2. Three Wheeler Auto rickshaw, Three-wheeled motor scooters 3. Truck Tractor, one axle, two axle, three axle

Table 3.15 (a) Baseline Traffic Scenario (March‟17)

Passenger Total No. of Vehicle Total No. of Vehicle S. Type of No. of Vehicles/Day Car Unit in PCU/day (PCU)/Hour No. Vehicle NH-947 SH-6 (PCU) NH-947 SH-6 NH-947 SH-6 1. Cars 3768 843 1 3768 843 157 35

2. Buses 1464 378 3 4392 1134 183 47 3. Trucks 2208 972 3 6624 2916 276 122

4. Two wheelers 3576 1034 0.5 1788 517 75 22

5. Three wheelers 1464 365 0.75 1098 274 46 11 Total 12480 3592 17670 5684 736 237

Table 3.15(b) LOS interpretation

V/C LOS Performance

0.0-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good/Average/Fair 0.6-0.8 D Poor 0.8-1.0 E Very Poor

Table 3.15 (c) Existing Traffic Scenario with respect to LOS

V (Volume in C (Capacity in Existing V/C Road LOS PCU/hr) PCU/hr) Ratio NH-947 736 3000 0.25 B SH-6 237 1250 0.19 A

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3.7.1 Interpretation of Traffic Study

Based on LOS value; the current scenario on National Highway – 947 is very good and State Highway - 6 is excellent. The available assimilative capacity of National Highways and State Highway is 30% for more PCU to be added in the existing traffic scenario. 3.7 SOIL QUALITY

6 numbers of soil samples were collected from surrounding areas including the project site covering 10 km radius to assess the baseline status of soil quality. The soil samples were analysed for physical and chemical parameters. Soil samples were collected by using core cutter (0-15 cm depth) and brought to the laboratory in polythene bags. Standard procedures were followed for soil sampling and analysis. Soil sampling locations are presented in figure 3.11 and tabulated in table 3.16. The soil analysis data are given in table 3.17

Figure 3.11 Map showing the Study Region with Locations for Soil

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Table 3.16 Soil Monitoring Locations in the Study Region

Code No. Locations Distance/Direction Latitude/Longitude Selection Criteria 22°16'0.14"N S1 Project Site - Non Agricultural 69°16'56.05"E 22°15'10.31"N S2 Virpur village 3.7 km/SE Agricultural 69°18'55.05"E 22°14'37.81"N S3 Pindara village 3.5 km/SW Agricultural 69°15'22.33"E 22°13'22.89"N S4 Mevasa village 5.5 km/SSE Agricultural 69°18'34.95"E 22°11'36.80"N S5 Mahadevia village 8.0 km/SSW Agricultural 69°16'31.27"E 22°16'13.35"N S6 Asota Mota village 9.0 km/E Agricultural 69°22'24.66"E

Table 3.17: Results of Soil Samples (1st March‟17 to 31st May‟17)

S. Parameter Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 No. 1. Water % 36.2 37.3 35.5 36.0 35.8 36.6 Holding Capacity 2. Particle Size Distributions A Sand % 30.4 30.9 32.4 30.7 30.5 29.1 B Silt % 23.5 27.1 23.3 25.6 25.6 28.4 C Clay % 46.1 42.0 44.3 43.7 43.9 42.5 Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay 3. Texture - Clay Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Cation Exchange 4. meq/100g 50.7 39.6 44.2 35.2 39.0 48.5 Capacity 5. pH - 8.28 8.04 9.00 9.11 7.29 6.45 Electrical 6. dS/m 6.4 4.3 3.8 5.7 0.7 0.5 Conductivity Exchangeable 7. % 27.4 33.8 33.6 36.4 33.4 31.9 Sodium Exchangeable 8. meq/100g 16.2 13.8 12.4 11.5 13.5 15.0 Calcium Exchangeable 9. meq/100g 17.6 11.2 14.5 10.4 12.2 16.8 Magnesium Exchangeable 10. meq/100g 13.9 13.4 14.9 12.8 13.0 15.5 Sodium Exchangeable 11. meq/100g 3.0 1.2 2.5 0.5 0.3 1.2 Potassium 12. Organic carbon(OC) % 0.92 0.17 1.74 0.81 0.92 0.23 13. Total nitrogen kg/ha 1776.1 328.3 3360 1564.1 1776.1 441.1 14. Nitrate N kg/ha 156.8 94.1 62.7 125.4 154.6 62.7 15. Total Phosphorus kg/ha 412.2 331.5 324.8 295.7 311.4 327.0 16. Total iron mg/100g 73.4 64.1 8.6 74.0 37.4 73.9 17. Total zinc mg/100g BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 18. Total copper mg/100g 0.25 0.08 0.42 2.33 3.17 5.89 19. Total Boron mg/100g 8.6 1.2 9.0 10.4 8.9 7.8 20. Total Chromium mg/100g 0.62 0.22 0.28 0.59 0.20 0.45 Note: BDL=Below Detection Limit

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3.7.1 Summary of Soil Quality

The following interpretation is made based on visual observation and the average test results found during the study period.  The soils are categorized as clay loam (nearly 70 % silt+clay) based on different soil separates (sand, silt and clay) in all the samples including the site.  They have moderate water holding capacity (35.5 to 37.3 %) and poor drainage capacity as texture is clay loam at the site. The soil is categorized as shallow black having <0.5m depth. The pH of the soil samples ranged from 6.45 to 9.11 during the study period.  The soil EC also varied from 0.5 to 6.4 dS/m and ESP ranged from 27.4 to 36.4. These parameters indicate that soils are neutral to alkaline in reaction, saline (EC > 0.8 dS/m), and sodic as ESP is exceeding 15.  Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of Na (12.8 to 15.5 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by calcium (11.5 to 16.2meq/100 g soil), Mg (10.4 – 17.6 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.30 to 3.0 meq/100 g soil).  % organic carbon was found in the range of ( 0.17 to 1.74) with minimum at Virpur and maximum at Pindara village. Soil containing organic carbon < 0.5 % is considered as low content of Organic status and >0.75 % is considered as high content of organic status. This shows that soils are low (328.3 kg/ha) to high (3360 kg/ha) in nitrogen status. Considering only 2% available phosphorus based on total P, soils are classified as low (>28 kg P2O5/ha) in available P and based on exchangeable potassium values soils are categorized as medium (140-280 kg K2O/ha) in available potassium status.  The levels of total Fe, Cu, Cr and B are within the limits, but Zn is below detectable limit. 3.7.2 Interpretation of Soil Data

Based on soil analysis data it is concluded that soils are saline-sodic as EC>0.8 dS/m and ESP >15. The soil at the project site requires amelioration as it is saline-sodic. Apply acid forming ameliorating agents like sulphur (elemental-S) or iron pyrite (FeS) for removal of sodium and provide adequate drainage for removal of excess salts from an area where in green belt is to be developed. The soils are low to high in nitrogen status, but low in phosphorus and medium in potassium status. The levels of total Fe, Cu, Cr and B are within the limits, but Zn is below detectable limit. Hence for successful greenbelt development liberal quantity of organic manure (50 tons/ha) and the recommended doses of N and double the recommended dose of P and recommended dose of K fertilizers should be applied. And also application of zinc is required as it is below detectable limit. The soil should be periodically monitored for EC, pH and ESP and OC, available P and K as well as DTPA extractable Zn in a green belt area. Saline soil favour the growth of mangroves and mangroves plantation may help to protecting the ground water from the ingress of salinity. 3.6.4 Geology

The Area falls comes under Saurashtra-Kathiawar Peninsula and the Saurashtra region is bounded by Gujarat plains in the East and NE, by Gulf of Kutch and Little Rann on the north, and on the SE by the Gulf of Cambay. The Arabian Sea exist in entire southern region of saurashtra. The Central part of the region forms an elevated table land, from where most of the rivers rise and flow radially. The terrain generally slopes gently towards the peninsular margin to merge into the coastal plains and the great alluvial tract stretches to NE and east.

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Topographically the area is undulating with low-lying narrow ridges and broad flat intervening valleys. Site is bounded by broad flat river mouth on SW side and similar broad flat low lying area on NE side. Small creek covered by Mangroves is passing adjacent to western side of the site. Proposed location of stockyard is on little higher elevation and sloping toward north. However, abandoned open pits filled with seawater bound northern and southern sides of the stockyard.

The sedimentary rocks along the coast form almost a low flat country. On account of several radially intruded basic dykes cutting through traps, there are low and straight hill ranges running parallel. The geological succession of the area comes under tertiary group of Pliocene system, which comprises Dwarka beds, Manchhar beds, gypsiferous clays and sandy foraminiferal limestones having ages 12 million years. The proposed project is on the coastline of the Gulf of Kuchchh and the area falls under Seismic Zone IV. Geological map of Gujarat presented in figure 3.12.

Figure 3.12 Geological map of Gujarat

Regional Geology

The generalized stratigraphic sequence of Jamnagar district as established by Shri B. N. Jayaram et. Al (1972) of Geological Survey of India is as under Table 3.18. Table 3-18: Generalized Stratigraphic sequence by GSI

Age Succession Range of thickness Recent Alluvium and soil 0.00-4.0 m Miliolite limestone ------Unconformity------Limestone 1-3 m Sub-recent to Pleistocene Calcareous clay and marl 2-5 m Mudstone (with gypsum horizon) 1-25 m

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Black shale (Pyretiferous) 7-60 m Transported bauxite 1-3 m Mixed clay zone (with eroded and redeposited bauxite) 2-5 m Conglomerates ------Unconformity------Lower Miocene to Lower Eocene Laterite/bauxite 0.4-12 m Ocherous clay, purple clays and Paleocene 2.5-20 m brown clays Basalt and Pyroclastic deposits Paleocene to Cretaceous - (Deccan Traps)

Local Geology As per mining scheme a stratigraphic sequence and lithological distribution as given in Table 3.19.

Table 3.19: Stratigraphic Sequence

Stratigraphic Succession Thickness Top Soil 0.30 m Lime Stone / Clay 0.6 to 1.0 m Bauxite 3.5 to 4.5 m Lithomargic clay -

Hydrology:

The entire area has saline formations and hence the water available is used only for some cleaning purposes. The formations from the top to proposed level of excavation are aquiclude so meager quantity of water can be stored in formation and rest into pit. 2 numbers of borehols were conducted near the project site by machine drilling below exsting ground leve to determine the chararistic of ground water. During survey it was observerd that ground water table of the study region varies from 5.0m to 3.0m. These depths may be subjected to seasonal variation. Water samples were also collected from these 2 borewells and analysis carried out. All the analysis was carried out as per standard method for the examination of water and waste water. Test reports are summerised in the table 3.20.

Table 3.20 Test reports of Hydrology

S. No. Parameters Unit Bore-1 Bore-2 1. Temperature oC 26.2 26.5 2. pH - 7.98 7.96 3. Total Suspended Solids mg/L 26 25 4. Salinity ppt 37.7 36.8 5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 2.6 2.9 6. Biological Oxygen Demand (3 mg/L 1.8 1.5 days at 27oC) 3- 7. Phoshphoous as PO4 -P µmol/L 0.9 0.7 8. Total Hardness mg/L 5145 4996 9. Total Alkalinity mg/L 3412 3402 10. Sulphate mg/L 124 118 11. Iron mg/L 1.94 1.76 12. Copper mg/L 0.1 0.09 13. Zinc mg/L 0.8 0.76 Eco Chem Sales and Services, Surat 87 | 2017_ECSS_EIAMS_1700004