DOCSLIB.ORG

Meditation in Myanmar: the Theory and Practice, Management, and Key Successes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Meditation in Myanmar: the Theory and Practice, Management, and Key Successes MEDITATION IN MYANMAR: THE THEORY AND PRACTICE, MANAGEMENT, AND KEY SUCCESSES Venerable Vimala A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2018 Meditation in Myanmar: The Theory and Practice, Management, and Key Successes Venerable Vimala A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2018 (Copyright of Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University) i Dissertation Title : Meditation in Myanmar: The Theory and Practice, Management, and Key Successes Researcher : Venerable Vimala Degree : Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Dissertation Supervisory Committee : Dr. Soontaraporn Techapalokul. B.A. (Quantitative Economics), M.A. (Economics), M.S. (Telecommunications), Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) : Ven. Asst. Prof. Dr. Walmoruwe Piyaratana B.A. (Pali), M.A. (Buddhist Studies), Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Date of Completion : March 10 2019 Abstract This dissertation has been conducted to study meditation in Myanmar, the theory and practice, management, and key successes. The objectives of the research are: (1) to study the theoretical doctrine of mindfulness meditation in the Tipiṭaka, (2) to investigate the practical doctrines and management of the mindfulness centre in Myanmar, (3) to analyse key successes and propose a successful development model of the meditation centre in Myanmar. The research methodology is documentary research with participant observations and in-depth interviews. Mahāsī Meditation Centre and Mogok Meditation Centre are interviewed and observed for this research. The result of the study shows how meditation practice method and meditation centre are affected for practitioners at the above named Myanmar meditation centres. Data are collected on application of meditation skills, based on the four foundations of mindfulness meditation from Tipiṭaka and applied by the two centres and factors that support meditation practice as follow: seven purifications, six kinds of temperament, and things favourable to mental development. Additionally, the study of ii meditation retreats for local practitioners and foreigners in Myanmar should arrange separate classes at different levels beginners, intermediates and advanced meditation practitioners. There are many meditation centres in Myanmar which are practicing the four foundations of mindfulness as taught by the Buddha. Since last 18th century, the idea of establishing meditation began. The Venerable Mingun Sayādaw (1869-1954) started establishing meditation centre with the help of supporters in Myo-Hla in 1911. He was the first monk who had the idea to organize group meditation course. There also provides food, living, and giving the method how to practice meditation in order to gain benefits rightly. To attain insight knowledge, having a suitable place is important too. Therefore, meditation centres are helpful in gaining insight knowledge for the practitioners. iii Acknowledgements I would like to express deep appreciation to all those who have helped me this Dissertation to reach its goal in various ways. First of all, I am greatly grateful to Dr. Soontaraporn Techapalokul, my Dissertation chairperson who is a guiding teacher and supervisor as well as an Examining Committee member of my Dissertation defended at International Buddhist Studies College, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand, who has kindly given an unfailing assistance for providing and making possible viewpoints, for her care, and for her patience that has devoted to the task of guidance and supervision of the entire paper. It would have been impossible for me to have written this Dissertation without her help. I extend my thanks to Asst. Prof. Dr. Venerable Walmoruwe Piyaratana, Vice- Chairperson of my Dissertation for his generous mind for my research. A special thanks to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Phramaha Dhammahaso, Director of the International Buddhist Studies Collage. My Thanks also go to the Lectures and staff of IBSC. Finally, it is a great pleasure to express my thanks to my beloved parents U Khit and Daw Po Kyi who support me. I also would like to express many thanks to U Than Oo and Daw Myint Than and all my supporters. Venerable Vimala March 10 2019 iv Abbreviations D : Dīghanikāya M : Majjimanikāya S : Saṁyuttanikāya A : Aṅguttaranikāya VbhA : Vibhaṅgaaṭṭhakathā Vbh : Vibhaṅga ibid. : ibidem/ in the same place or book which has been ‘‘cited just before’’ op.cit. : opere citato / as referred (to the prior reference by the same author) p./pp. : page / pages CE. : Common Era (appears ‘after’ the date ed. / (eds.) : edited by / editor(s) tran./trans. : translated by / translator(s) PTS. : Pali Text Society Vol : volume v Contents Pages Abstract i Acknowledgement iii List of Abbreviation iv Table of Content v List of Table x List of Picture xii CHAPTER I: Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Significance of the Problem 3 1.2 Objectives of the Research 3 1.3 Statement of the Problems Desired to Know 4 1.4 Scope of the Research 4 1.5 Definition of the Terms Used in the Research 5 1.6 Review of Related Literature and the Research Works 7 1.7 Research Methodology 13 1.8 Conceptual Framework 14 1.9 Advantages Expected to Obtain from the Research 15 CHAPTER II: The Theoretical Doctrine of Mindfulness Meditation in Tipiṭaka 16 2.1 Background and Signification of Mindfulness Meditation 16 2.2 Significance of Mindfulness Meditation 19 2.3 Mindfulness Meditation in Suttanta Piṭaka 20 2.3.1 Contemplating of the Body 22 2.3.2 Contemplating of the Feeling 25 2.3.3 Contemplating of Mind 28 2.3.4 Contemplation of Mind-Objects 30 2.4 Mindfulness Meditation in Abhidhamma Piṭaka 40 vi 2.4.1 The Contemplation of the Body 43 2.4.2 The Contemplation of Feelings 45 2.4.3 The Contemplation of the Consciousness 46 2.4.4 The Contemplation of Mind- Objects 47 2.5 Mindfulness Meditation in Paṭisaṁbhidāmagga Pāḷi 50 2.6 Dependent Origination 52 2.7 The Seven Purifications and The Sixteen stages of Knowledge 54 2.8 Temperaments and Meditation Objects 63 2.9 The Classification of Meditation Objects 65 2.10 Beneficial and Advantageous Conditions for Practitioners 67 2.10.1 Suitable Abode (Āvāsasappāya) 67 2.10.2 Suitable Resort (Gocarasappāya) 69 2.10.3 Suitable Speech (Bhassasappāya) 71 2.10.4 Suitable Persons (Puggalasappāya) 75 2.10.5 Suitable Food (Bhojanasappāya) 77 2.10.6 Suitable Climate (Utusappāya) 78 2.10.7 Suitable Postures (Iriyāpathasappāya) 79 2.11 The Final Goal of Meditation 80 2.12 Benefits of vipassanā Meditation Practice 81 2.13 Concluding Remarks 83 CHAPTER III: The Practical Doctrine and Management of the meditation centres in Myanmar 84 3.1 Mahāsī Meditation Centre in Myanmar 85 3.1.1 Mahāsī Meditation Centre Background 86 3.1.2 Factors Supporting Meditation Retreat 88 3.1.3 The Founder 93 3.1.4 The Present Master 97 3.1.5 Method of Meditation 98 3.1.6 Management of Administration 111 3.2 Analysis of Mahāsī Meditation Centre Based on vii Theravāda Buddhism 114 3.2.1 Analysis of Meditation Method 114 3.2.2 Analysis of Beneficial Factors for the Meditation centre 115 3.3 Analysis of Result of Interviews 120 Analysis of the Reason Why the Practitioners Practice Meditation at This Centre 120 3.4 Analysis of Result of Meditation 122 3.4.1 Analysis of Impressive Factors About Retreat 122 3.4.2 Analysis of the Benefits or Changes After Attending the Retreat 124 3.4.3 Analysis of Meditation Experience 126 3.5 Rules for the yogis 128 3.6 Schedule 129 3.2 Mogok Meditation Centre in Myanmar 131 3.2.1 Background 131 3.2.2 Factors Supporting the Mogok Meditation Retreat 133 3.2.3 The Founder 138 3.2.4 The Present Master 144 3.2.5 Method of Meditation 145 3.2.6 Management of Administration 158 3.3 Analysis of Mogok Meditation Centre Based on Theravāda Buddhism 161 3.3.1 Analysis of Meditation Teachings 161 3.3.2 Analysis of Beneficial Factors for the Mogok Meditation centre 162 3.4 Analysis of Result of Interviews 166 Analysis of the Reason why the Practitioners Practice Meditation at This Centre 166 3.5 Analysis of Result of Meditation 168 3.5.1 Analysis of Impressive Factors About Retreat 168 3.5.2 Analysis of the Benefits or Changes After Attending the Retreat 169 viii 3.5.3 Analysis of Meditation Experience 173 3.5.4 Rules and Regulations of Meditation Centre 174 3.6 Schedule 175 3.7 Concluding Remarks 177 CHAPTER IV: Key Successes and A Successful Development model of the Meditation Centre in Myanmar 179 4.1 SWOT Analysis of Meditation Centres 179 4.2 SWOT analysis of Mahāsī Meditation Centre 179 4.3 SWOT analysis of Mogok Meditation Centre 187 4.4 Key Successes of the Centres 192 4.5 Guideline Models for Meditation Retreat for Local and International Practitioners. 193 4.5.1 Guideline Model for Beginners 193 4.5.2 Factor Favourable for Beginners 194 4.5.3 Guideline Model for Intermediate 195 4.5.4 Factor Favourable for the Intermediate 195 4.5.5 Guideline Model for Advanced Level 196 4.5.6 Factor Favourable for Advanced Level 196 4.6 Development of successful meditation model 197 4.7 Conclusion Remarks 199 CHAPTER V: Conclusion and Suggestions 200 5.1 Conclusion 200 5.2 Suggestions 202 5.2.1 Suggestion for Meditation Centre 202 5.2.2 Suggestion for Further Research 202 Bibliography 204 Appendix 209 Appendix A: Invitation Letters to Key-Informants for the In-depth interview 210 ix Appendix B: Interview Questions 212 Appendix C:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar
    Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar Asia Report N°290 | 5 September 2017 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 149 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Buddhist Nationalism in Myanmar and the Region ........................................................ 3 A. Historical Roots in Myanmar .................................................................................... 3 1. Kingdom and monarchy ....................................................................................... 3 2. British colonial period and independence ........................................................... 4 3. Patriotism and religion ......................................................................................... 5 B. Contemporary Drivers ............................................................................................... 6 1. Emergence of nationalism and violence .............................................................. 6 2. Perceived demographic and religious threats ...................................................... 7 3. Economic and cultural anxieties .......................................................................... 8 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations) and Buddhist Meditation: Application of the Teachings in the Paṭṭhāna in Insight (Vipassanā) Meditation Practice
    The Paṭṭhāna (Conditional Relations) and Buddhist Meditation: Application of the Teachings in the Paṭṭhāna in Insight (Vipassanā) Meditation Practice Kyaw, Pyi. Phyo SOAS, London This paper will explore relevance and roles of Abhidhamma, Theravāda philosophy, in meditation practices with reference to some modern Burmese meditation traditions. In particular, I shall focus on the highly mathematical Paṭṭhāna, Pahtan in Burmese, the seventh text of the Abhidhamma Piṭaka, which deals with the functioning of causality and is regarded by Burmese as the most important of the Abhidhamma traditions. I shall explore how and to what extent the teachings in the Paṭṭhāna are applied in insight (vipassanā) meditation practices, assessing the roles of theoretical knowledge of ultimate realities (paramattha-dhammā)1 in meditation. In so doing, I shall attempt to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of Buddhist meditation. While scholars writing on Theravāda meditation - Cousins,2 King3 and Griffiths4 for example - have focused on distinction between insight meditation (vipassanā) and calm meditation (samatha), this paper will be the first to classify approaches within vipassanā meditation. Vipassanā meditation practices in contemporary Myanmar can be classified into two broad categories, namely, the theoretical based practice and the non- theoretical based practice. Some Burmese meditation masters, Mohnyin Sayadaw Ven. U Sumana (1873-1964)5 and Saddhammaransī Sayadaw Ven. Ashin Kuṇḍalābhivaṃsa (1921- ) and Pa-Auk Sayadaw Ven. Āciṇṇa (1934- ) for example, teach meditators to have theoretical knowledge of ultimate realities. While these meditation masters emphasize theoretical knowledge of the ultimate realities, other meditation masters such as the Sunlun Sayadaw Ven. U Kavi (1878-1952) and the Theinngu Sayadaw Ven.
    [Show full text]
  • Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women
    University of San Diego Digital USD Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship Department of Theology and Religious Studies 2019 Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women Karma Lekshe Tsomo PhD University of San Diego, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.sandiego.edu/thrs-faculty Part of the Buddhist Studies Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Digital USD Citation Tsomo, Karma Lekshe PhD, "Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women" (2019). Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship. 25. https://digital.sandiego.edu/thrs-faculty/25 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at Digital USD. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Digital USD. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Section Titles Placed Here | I Out of the Shadows Socially Engaged Buddhist Women Edited by Karma Lekshe Tsomo SAKYADHITA | HONOLULU First Edition: Sri Satguru Publications 2006 Second Edition: Sakyadhita 2019 Copyright © 2019 Karma Lekshe Tsomo All rights reserved No part of this book may not be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage or retreival system, without the prior written permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations. Cover design Copyright © 2006 Allen Wynar Sakyadhita Conference Poster
    [Show full text]
  • A Buddhist Approach Based on Loving- Kindness: the Solution of the Conflict in Modern World
    A BUDDHIST APPROACH BASED ON LOVING- KINDNESS: THE SOLUTION OF THE CONFLICT IN MODERN WORLD Venerable Neminda A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2019 A Buddhist Approach Based on Loving-kindness: The Solution of the Conflict in Modern World Venerable Neminda A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2019 (Copyright by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University) Dissertation Title : A Buddhist Approach Based on Loving-Kindness: The Solution of the Conflict in Modern World Researcher : Venerable Neminda Degree : Doctor of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) Dissertation Supervisory Committee : Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso, Assoc. Prof. Dr., Pāḷi VI, B.A. (Philosophy), M.A. (Buddhist Studies), Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) : Asst. Prof. Dr. Sanu Mahatthanadull, B.A. (Advertising) M.A. (Buddhist Studies), Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Date of Graduation : February/ 26/ 2019 Abstract The dissertation is a qualitative research. There are three objectives, namely:- 1) To explore the concept of conflict and its cause found in the Buddhist scriptures, 2) To investigate the concept of loving-kindness for solving the conflicts in suttas and the best practices applied by modern scholars 3) To present a Buddhist approach based on loving-kindness: The solution of the conflict in modern world. This finding shows the concept of conflicts and conflict resolution method in the Buddhist scriptures. The Buddhist resolution is the loving-kindness. These loving- kindness approaches provide the method, and integration theory of the Buddhist teachings, best practice of modern scholar method which is resolution method in the modern world.
    [Show full text]
  • Strong Roots Liberation Teachings of Mindfulness in North America
    Strong Roots Liberation Teachings of Mindfulness in North America JAKE H. DAVIS DHAMMA DANA Publications at the Barre Center for Buddhist Studies Barre, Massachusetts © 2004 by Jake H. Davis This book may be copied or reprinted in whole or in part for free distribution without permission from the publisher. Otherwise, all rights reserved. Sabbadānaṃ dhammadānaṃ jināti : The gift of Dhamma surpasses all gifts.1 Come and See! 1 Dhp.354, my trans. Table of Contents TO MY SOURCES............................................................................................................. II FOREWORD........................................................................................................................... V INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................... 1 Part One DEEP TRANSMISSION, AND OF WHAT?................................................................ 15 Defining the Topic_____________________________________17 the process of transmission across human contexts Traditions Dependently Co-Arising 22 Teaching in Context 26 Common Humanity 31 Interpreting History_____________________________________37 since the Buddha Passing Baskets Along 41 A ‘Cumulative Tradition’ 48 A ‘Skillful Approach’ 62 Trans-lation__________________________________________69 the process of interpretation and its authentic completion Imbalance 73 Reciprocity 80 To the Source 96 Part Two FROM BURMA TO BARRE........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Rightview Quarterly Visit
    RIGHTVIEW QUARTERLY Dharma in Practice VOLUME ONE, NUMBER 4 Master Ji Ru, Editor-in-Chief Xianyang Carl Jerome, Editor Carol Corey, Layout and Artwork Will Holcomb, Production Assistance Xian Huan Hillary Isaacs, Copy Editor Subscribe at no cost at www.maba-usa.org or by filling out the form on the back page We welcome letters and comments. Write to: [email protected] or the address below RIGHTVIEW QUARTERLY is published at no cost to the subscriber by the Mid-America Buddhist Association (MABA) 299 Heger Lane Augusta, Missouri 63332-1445 USA The authors of their respective articles retain all copyrights. More artwork by Carol Corey may be seen at www.visualzen.net VISIT www.RightviewOnline.org A traditional-style sacred drawing of Tilopa is pictured on the cover. (See article on page 36.) The image may be downloaded for free at www.namsebangdzo.com/category_s/1304.htm E D I T O R ‘ S P A G E by Xianyang Carl Jerome In addition, Rightview Online will provide an opportunity for those who wish to establish a one-on-one Student-Teacher relationship Join Us On the Web at with a member of our Sangha Online. RightviewOnline.org About Our Practice Online MABA’s Interactive In the coming months, we invite you to Buddhist Learning explore the site and avail yourself of its many Center: A New Idea learning opportunities. There will be Sutra in Distance Dharma Studies and Buddhist Ethics Studies. There will be a Core Teachings Center, which will Learning include writings, videos and podcasts. There Xianyang Carl Jerome has will be an Online Bookshelf, which will been practicing Buddhism ightview Quarterly is expanding, thanks to for the past ten years.
    [Show full text]
  • Vipassana As Taught by the Mahasi Sayadaw of Burma
    Vipassana as taught by the Mahasi Sayadaw of Burma The Mahasi Sayadaw Its been over two and half thousand years now since the Buddha first expounded the teachings. As time passes, the teaching becomes dulled. But there are always reformation movements throughout the history of Buddhism, some large and some small which revitalise the teachings, the Dhamma. And the Mahasi Sayadaw must be accredited as one of the key teachers in revitalising the practice of vipassana in Theravada Buddhist countries.� U. Sobhana Mahathera was born in 1904 in Upper Burma. So, this year marks the centenary of his birth. He joined the order as a mature boy and went on to complete the traditional studies with distinction. He finally returned to his home town, Seikhum, where he became the abbot of the Monastery, known the Mahasi, The Big Drum. In Burma/Myanmar, monks are often referred to by the place name where they were born or dwell in, hence he became known as the Mahasi Sayadaw. It was after the Second World War that some high-ranking people, including the then prime minister, U Nu, went looking for a teacher to start a meditation centre in Rangoon/Yangon. The centre was not to be just a monastery, but a place where lay people would be able to practise vipassana. This, it seems, was a little revolution since up until then it was generally presumed that only monastics could gain anything from meditation. This has indeed become special quality of a Mahasi centre in that there are lay teachers and lay practitioners and many of the centres are within the city or town boundaries easily accessible to lay people.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Meditation Teaching Styles of Mahasi Sayadaw Tradition
    A STUDY OF MEDITATION TEACHING STYLES OF MAHASI SAYADAW TRADITION Tejaniya A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Linguistics) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2018 A Study of Meditation Teaching Styles of Mahasi Sayadaw Tradition Tejaniya A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Linguistics) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2018 (Copyright by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University) i Thesis Title : A Study of Meditation Teaching Styles of Mahasi Sayadaw Tradition Researcher : Tejaniya Thesis Supervisory Committee : Asst. Prof. Dr. Veerakarn Kanokkamalade, B.A. (English), M.A. (Linguistics), Ph.D. (Linguistics) : Dr. Narongchai Pintrymool, B.A. (English), M.A (Languistics), Ph.D. (Languistics) Date of Graduation : March 21, 2019 Abstract This study consists of two objectives, namely; 1) to study the meditation teaching styles of Mahasi Sayadaw tradition and 2) to study the effectiveness of these styles of this tradition. This study is a documentary and qualitative research with two parts of data collection; the first is an interview with professional meditation teachers, the second is the study from textbook, thesis, academic journals. The result of this research was aimed to study meditation teaching styles which are instrumental in Mahasi Sayadaw tradition. The study has been done based on, especially, the review and books. Researcher attempted to elaborate and elucidate how the techniques are effective to gain expected benefits. The Vipassana meditation technique taught by Mahasi Sayadaw is characterized by the meditator anchoring his attention on the rising and falling sensations of the abdomen, making that the primary point of observation.
    [Show full text]
  • Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa's Great Perfection Philosophy of Action
    Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa's Great Perfection Philosophy of Action The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40050138 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa’s Great Perfection Philosophy of Action A dissertation presented by Adam S. Lobel to The Committee on the Study of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of The Study of Religion Harvard University Cambridge, MA April 2018! ! © 2018, Adam S. Lobel All rights reserved $$!! Advisor: Janet Gyatso Author: Adam S. Lobel Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa’s Great Perfection Philosophy of Action Abstract This is a study of the philosophy of practical action in the Great Perfection poetry and spiritual exercises of the fourteenth century Tibetan author, Longchen Rabjampa Drime Ozer (klong chen rab 'byams pa dri med 'od zer 1308-1364). I inquire into his claim that practices may be completely spontaneous, uncaused, and effortless and what this claim might reveal about the conditions of possibility for action. Although I am interested in how Longchenpa understands spontaneous practices, I also question whether the very categories of practice and theory are useful for interpreting his writings.
    [Show full text]
  • King's Research Portal
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by King's Research Portal King’s Research Portal DOI: 10.1080/14639947.2017.1313524 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link to publication record in King's Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Ashin, J., & Crosby, K. (2017). Heresy and Monastic Malpractice in the Buddhist Court Cases (Vinicchaya) of Modern Burma (Myanmar). Contemporary Buddhism, 18(1), 199-261. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639947.2017.1313524 Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. •Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. •You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts Pp. 152-450
    Kingship Ideology in Sino-Tibetan Diplomacy during the VII-IX centuries Emanuela Garatti In this paper I would like to approach the question of the btsan-po’s figure and his role in the international exchanges like embassies, peace agreements and matrimonial alliances concluded between the Tibetan and the Tang during the Tibetan Empire. In order to do that, I examine some passages of Tibetan and Chinese sources. Tibetan ancient documents, like PT 1287, the PT 1288, the IOL Tib j 750 and the text of the Sino-Tibetan treaty of 821/822. For the Chinese sources I used the encyclopaedia Cefu yuangui which has never been extensively used in the study of the Tibetan ancient history. Concerning the embassies one can see that they are dispatched with important gifts when the btsan-po want to present a request. Those are registered as tribute (ch. chaogong) by the Chinese authors but one can assume, analysing the dates of embassies that the Tibetan emissaries are sent to the court with presents only when they had to present a specific request from the Tibetan emperor. Moreover, the btsan-po is willing to accept the diplomatic codes but refuses all attempt of submission from the Chinese authorities like the “fish-bag” (ch. yudai) proposed to the Tibetan ambassadors as a normal gift. For the treaties, the texts of these agreements show the evolution of the position of the btsan-po towards the Chinese court and the international diplomacy: the firsts pacts see the dominant position of Tang court over the btsan-po’s delegation.
    [Show full text]
  • Teacher of the Moon
    TeacherTeacher ofof thethe MoonMoon The Life and Times of Sitagu Sayadaw Draft 02/18/17 Bhikkhu Cintita Dinsmore Dr. Tin Nyunt 4 Teacher of the Moon Copyright 2017, Bhikkhu Cintita (John Dinsmore) THIS IS AN UNAUTHORIZED DRAFT. PLEASE DO NOT DISTRIBUTE AT THIS TIME. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: • Attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the au- thor or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). • Noncommercial – You may not use this work for commercial purposes. • No Derivative Works – You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. with the understanding that: • Waiver – Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. • Public Domain – Where the work or any of its elements is in the public do- main under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license. • Other Rights – In no way are any of the following rights affected by the li- cense: • Your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable copyright ex- ceptions and limitations; • The author's moral rights; • Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights. • Notice – For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the li- cense terms of this work. Publication Data. Bhikkhu Cintita (John Dinsmore, Ph.D.), 1949 - Teacher of the Moon: the Life and Times of Sitagu Sayadaw / Bhikkhu Cintita, Tin Nyunt.
    [Show full text]