Pembroke, San Giljan, San Gwann, Swieqi (Northern Harbour District) and Naxxar and Gharghur (Northern District)

MED Programme

Project : Integrated Strategy for Sustainable Development of Mediterranean Rural Areas - MedStrategy

Project No: 2G-MED09-282

Component 3 Phase 1: Integrated Territorial Analysis

Pilot area: Pembroke, San Giljan, San Gwann, Swieqi (Northern Harbour District) and Naxxar and Gharghur (Northern District)

Pembroke Local Council Malta

L-Ewropa fil-Mediterran zz z zz Ninvestu fil-Futur Tiegħek

Structure and contents of the regional report on territorial analysis 0 Characterization of context ...... 5 Introduction ...... 5 Table 0.1 - Total surface area ...... 6 0.2 – Population ...... 8 0.3 – Population density ...... 8 0.4 – Population by ages ...... 9 0.5 – Population by level of education ...... 10 0.6 – Gross domestic Product ...... 11 0.7a – Employment rate ...... 11 0.7b – Unemployment rate ...... 12 0.8 – Archaeology, architectural and cultural heritage ...... 13 1 Consumption and lifestyle choices ...... 14 Introduction ...... 14 1.1 – Use of freshwater resources ...... 14 1.2 – Energy consumption ...... 15 1.3 – Waste generation...... 16 1.4 – Road vehicle fleet ...... 16 1.5 – Environmental quality of road vehicles ...... 18 2 Settlement System ...... 19 Introduction ...... 19 2.1 – Land Use ...... 19 2.2 – Local tools and plans on urban and territorial planning ...... 20 2.3 – Housing stock ...... 21 2.4 – Energy certification of buildings ...... 21 2.5 – Urban green areas ...... 21 2.6 – Mobility management ...... 22 2.7 – transport infrastructure ...... 22 3 Territorial and environmental resources ...... 24 Introduction ...... 24 3.1 – Land use ...... 24 3.2 – Protection and enhancement of landscape ...... 25 3.3 – Local tools and plans on urban and territorial planning ...... 25 3.4 – Protected areas ...... 25 3.5 – Biodiversity conservation and protected areas management ...... 26

3.6 – Water resource quality ...... 27 3.7 – Air quality ...... 27 3.8 – Energy produced from renewable sources ...... 29 4 Territorial services ...... 30 Introduction ...... 30 4.1 – Public services ...... 30 4.2 – Public transport supply ...... 33 4.3 – Public transport management ...... 33 4.4 – Waste management ...... 33 4.5 – Management of waste water ...... 34 4.6 – Efficiency of the water distribution network ...... 36 5 Economic activities ...... 37 Introduction ...... 37 5.1 – Local enterprises and workers by sector ...... 37 5.2 – Utilised Agricultural Area in relation to Total Agricultural Area...... 39 5.3 – Agricultural holdings ...... 39 5.4 – Farms ...... 40 5.5 – Organic farming ...... 40 5.6 – Typical products ...... 41 5.7 – Traditional manufacturing activitites ...... 41 5.8 – Tourism ...... 42 5.9 – Sustainable management of the local authority and local enterprises ...... 45 5.10 – Labour accident risk ...... 45 6 Ecomanagement policies addressed to sustainability...... 46 Introduction ...... 46 6.1 – Policies towards sustainability ...... 46 6.2 – Initiatives aimed at community participation in decision-making ...... 46 6.3 – Local authority green purchasing ...... 47 6.4 – Other eco-management activities ...... 47 References ...... 48

List of figures

Figure 1 - Map of the Maltese Islands ...... 5 Figure 2 - Target Councils ...... 6 Figure 3 - Target Councils ...... 7 Figure 4 - Boundary of Study Area and Councils ...... 7 Figure 5 - Land use ...... 20 Figure 6 - Road network ...... 23 Figure 7- Air quality monitoring station ...... 28 Figure 8 - Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions (in CO2 equivalent) indexed to 1990 ...... 28 Figure 9 - Total Particulate formation PM10 (PM10 equivalent) ...... 29 Figure 10 - Separate waste collection from bring-in sites, civic amenity sites and grey bags: 2004-2009 ...... 34 Figure 11 - Sant’ Antnin Sewage Treatment Plant ...... 35 Figure 12 - Total Businesses registered ...... 39 Figure 13 - Gross utilisation of bed places – monthly data ...... 44 Figure 14 - Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments ...... 44 Figure 15 - Number of bed places ...... 45 Figure 16 - Local ecolabels ...... 46

0 Characterization of context

Introduction

Malta is the smallest EU member state with an area of 316km 2 of which only the largest three (Malta, Gozo & Comino) are inhabited. There are no NUTS 1 or 2 regions, but at NUTS 3 there are 2 regions: Malta; and; Gozo and Comino.The population of Malta comprises around 413,609 inhabitants (Department of Information 2010). The territory under study covers an area of 23.2Km 2 and 45,962 inhabitants (National Statistics Office 2007). Located in the heart of the Mediterranean south of Sicily and east of Tunisia, Malta has always enjoyed strategic maritime importance.

Figure 1 - Map of the Maltese Islands

Source: http://www.openstreetmap.org/

Malta has a two tier system of government, with a central government and local councils. Environment and Planning Law is under the control of Central government, while Local Councils have very powers in all aspects of legislation, although they are involved in public

5 consultations on specific issues. Planning is under the responsibility of the Malta Environment and Planning Authority.

There are a total of 68 Local Councils in Malta and Gozo. There were established by the Local Councils Act of 1993 as amended, and the first councils were elected in 1994. The devolution of specific powers from central government to the Local Councils is a gradual ongoing process, but generally speaking the councils are considered to lack the resources to control the planning process and issue planning permits, and this competence is left to the central government.

Between the first Census carried out in 1842 and the 2005 Census, the population of Malta has grown 3.5 times, from 114,499 persons in 1842 to 404,962 in 2005. Furthermore, while the population increased by over 60 per cent between 1842 and 1901, it has more than doubled since the beginning of the 20th century. In fact, since the 1901 census the population grew by 2.2 times.

In 1995, the population stood at 378,132. It has since increased by 26,830 persons, 13,983 males and 12,847 females. The number of males grew by 7.5 per cent, from 186,836 to 200,819 in 2005. At the same time, the number of females increased by 6.7 per cent, from 191,296 to 204,143 in 2005. In 2005, the number of males for every 1,000 females stood at 984, up from 977 in 1995 (NSO, 2007).

Table 0.1 - Total surface area Label Indicator Data Time Time trend Criticality Responses typology source period /actions Surface Spatial 2009 area Maps

Figure 2 - Target Councils

Figure 3 - Target Councils

Figure 4 - Boundary of Study Area and Councils

0.2 – Population Label Indicator Data Time Time trend Criticality Responses typology source period /actions Inhabitants Census 2005 – 2009 An ☺ Increase ☺ The 2005 increase s were lowest Demographi of registere increase c Review 2.92% d in all was 2009 – NSO localities register the ed in highest San being Giljan Swieqi with 4.95% Resident Census 2005 – 2009 An ☺ Increase ☺ The population 2005 increase s were lowest trend Demographi of registere increase c Review 2.92% d in all was 2009 – NSO localities register the ed in highest San being Giljan Swieqi with 4.95%

0.3 – Population density Label Indicator Data Time Time trend Criticality Responses typology source period /actions Population Spatial 2009 San ☺ Lowest ☺ There is density Maps Gwann increase a move has the s were in towards greatest San areas populati Giljan with on which lower density has the density second e.g, highest Naxxar populatio n density Urban Spatial 2009 San ☺ Lowest ☺ There is population Maps Gwann increase a move density has the s were in towards greatest San areas populati Giljan with on which lower density has the density second e.g, highest Naxxar populatio n density

0.4 – Population by ages Label Indicator Data Time Time trend Criticality Responses typology source period /actions Up to 14 Census 1995 - 2005 Increas ☺ Highest ☺ High years 2005 e in percenta fertility birth ge in rate in rate in Pembrok study the e area study area 15- 24 years Census 1995 - 2005 Small Percenta Need to 2005 increase ge of this address that cohort social may almost policy lead to the same populati in all on areas ageing. 25- 44 years Census 1995 - 2005 Adult Highest Need to 2005 populati in address on Ghargur social increase policy - due to progres populati sive on ageing ageing 45- 64 years Census 1995 - 2005 Mature Similar Need to 2005 populati figures to address on previous social increase cohort – policy – Hihest in due to progres San populati sive Giljan on ageing ageing 65 and over Census 1995 - 2005 Old Figures Need to 2005 populati in San address on Giljan social increase are policy – double due to progres those of populati sive other on ageing councils ageing Old age Census 1995 - 2005 All Highest Need to ratio 2005 populati in San address on Giljan social ageing policy indicator due to s populati increase on ageing Dependency Census 1995 – 2005 All Highest Need to ratio 2005 populati in address on Pembrok social ageing e policy indicator due to s populati increase on ageing

0.5 – Population by level of education Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Illiterate Census 2005 Illiteracy ☺ ☺ No 2005 rate has further decreas measur ed es are necessa ry Can read Census 2005 Populati ☺ ☺ Need to and write 2005 on address ISCED 1-2 wihtout further studies training decreas to e. increase employ ment Secondary Census 2005 The ☺ ☺ Need to education 2005 level of address ISCED 3 populati further on training educatio to n increase increase employ ment Post- Census 2005 The ☺ ☺ Need to secondary 2005 level of address ISCED 4 populati further on training educatio to n increase increase employ ment 1st degree Census 2005 The ☺ Male ☺ Encoura ISCED 5 2005 level of participat ge more populati ion is females on higher to follow educatio than tertiary n female in educatio increase the n Northern harbor region Masters Census 2005 The ☺ ☺ Provide ISCED 5 2005 level of more populati scholars on hips and educatio incentiv n es to increase keep graduat es in the local working populati

on Doctoral Census 2005 The ☺ ☺ Provide ISCED 6 2005 level of more populati scholars on hips and educatio incentiv n es to increase keep graduat es in the local working populati on

0.6 – Gross domestic Product Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Total NSO – 2000-2008 Gross ☺ Negative ☺ income sustain Income growth ability Available only in increased indicators due to 2001 and for Malta economic 2003 growth Income per NSO – 2000-2008 Pncome ☺ Northern ☺ capita sustain per capita harbour increased ability due to district indicators economic has the for Malta growth lowest at risk of poverty trates

0.7a – Employment rate Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Total Census 2005 Increas ☺ Northern ☺ Training 2005 e of jobs district and in has retrainin certain highest g industry unemplo opportu areas yment nities yo rate increase employ ment Males Census 2005 ☺ Northern ☺ Training 2005 district and has retrainin highest g unemplo opportu yment nities yo rate increase employ ment

Females Census 2005 Female ☺ Increase ☺ Child 2005 participa is still care tion slow in facilities increasi all and ng regions fiscal incentiv es for women returing to work after maternit y Youths Census 2005 % of ☺ ☺ Further 2005 youths educatio pursuin n / g training vocation to al/ increase academi employ c ment educatio n increasi ng

0.7b – Unemployment rate Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Total Eurostat 2000-2010 The There Current situation are some respons is fairly crisis es need static points to be reinforc ed Males Census 2005 Norther ☺ ☺ Increase 2005 n district retrainin has g highest opportu unempl nities for oyment unemplo rate yed Females Census 2005 Highest ☺ ☺ Add 2005 rate of more employe child d is in care the services Norther and n district incentiv es. Retraini ng for factory workers Youths Census 2005 % of ☺ ☺ Address 2005 youths skills & pursuin educatio

g n of vocation unemplo al/ yed academi c educatio n increasi ng

0.8 – Archaeology, architectural and cultural heritage Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Cultural protected items (immovable)

1 Consumption and lifestyle choices

Introduction

In Malta only the Water Services Corporation is licensed to produce and distribute this public water. Other economic units produce water for consumption in agricultural and industrial activities; however this water is not classified as public water supply. The Water Services Corporation has three Reverse Osmosis plants, at Cirkewwa, Ghar Lapsi and Pembroke. These locations are all situated on mainland Malta. The Pembroke plant is a large one and supplies most of the study area. There are also plans to regularise bore hole water use to stop over extraction of water that is leading to an increase in sea water infiltration.

With regard to renewable energy production, studies are in progress to evaluate the feasibility of setting up an offshore wind farm. The government has also issued incentives in the recent years for the pubic and private companies to invest in renewable energy technology in the form of solar water heaters and solar panels.

1.1 – Use of freshwater resources Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Use of P NSO 2011 Slight Limited Further freshwater decreas water educatio per capita e in resource; nal consum high intiative ption energy s on patterns cost for water Reverse saving osmosis measur es Total of P water register Water P NSO 1995-2001 Decreas Limited More registered e in water water by economic consum resource; catchme sectors ption by high ent (industry industry energy measur and and cost for es need services) govern Reverse to be ment osmosis develop ed Water P register for municipal consumption and others Agricultural P sector’s water consumption Energy P

14 sector’s water consumption Industry P NSO 1995-2001 Decreas More sector’s e water water register catchme consumption ed from ent 2000 – measur 2001 es need to be develop ed Construction P sector’s water consumption Services P c sector’s water consumption Other P NSO 1995-2011 Limited More activities water water water resource; catchme consumption high ent energy measur cost for es need Reverse to be osmosis develop ed

1.2 – Energy consumption Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Final energy P EU Energy 2000-2009 Average ☺ Costs ☺ Eco- consumption in figures s 2.5 have reductio per capita and TOE per risen; n factsheets capita. depende initiative (2011) Decreas ncy on s helped e in the oil prices reduce last few consum years ption. Agricultural P sector Industry P EU Energy 2000-2009 Industry’ Industry Further sector in figures s share accounts initiaties and of for aimed at factsheets energy 16.8% of reducing (2011) has energy consum increase use in ption d 2009 up and from investm 11.9% in ent in 2000 renewab le sources Construction P

15 sector Services P EU Energy 2000-2009 Average Services Further sector in figures s at sector initiaties and 12% of concentr aimed at factsheets the ated reducing (2011) energy around consum share tourism ption in San and Giljan investm ent in renewab le sources Renewable P EU Energy 2000-2009 energy in figures production and factsheets (2011)

1.3 – Waste generation Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Waste P Eurostat 2004-2008 Increas ☺ Less ☺ Civic generated e in waste amenity by person recyclin being cites g sent to and landfills recycle due to Tuesday recycling s have resulted in more recyclin g

1.4 – Road vehicle fleet Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Vehicle fleet D NSO 2008-2009 Only Increase Promote decreas in traffic alternati e congesti ve forms register on and of public ed in Q4 air transpor of 2009 pollution t. % D NSO 2008-2009 Slower Increase Promote motorbikes average in traffic alternati increase congesti ve forms in 2009 on and of public air transpor pollution t % cars D NSO 2008-2009 Greates Increase Promote t in traffic alternati number congesti ve forms

in on and of public Norther air transpor n pollution t Harbour region % lorries & D vans % buses D NSO 2008-2009 New Fleet of New bus public bus service buses service launche very old launche d after to be d that data replaced offers collecte with new better d low prices emission for vehicles frequent commut ers % tractors D NSO 2008-2009 Highest Most Promote n umber tractors incentiv of are over es for agricultu 10 years investin ral old g in vehicles lower is in the emissio Norther n n vehicles Region % other D vehicles Motorisation D NSO 2008-2009 Increas Increase Promote rate e in in traffic alternati (vehicles) vehicle congesti ve forms ownersh on and of public ip air transpor pollution t Motorisation D NSO 2008-2009 Increas Increase Promote rate (cars) e in in traffic alternati vehicle congesti ve forms ownersh on and of public ip air transpor pollution t

1.5 – Environmental quality of road vehicles Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Achieved D MEPA, NSO 2008-2009 Report Further Scrappa emission on measure ge standards emissio s scheme ns are necessar s for old sent to y to vehicles the EEA reduce have every air been year pollution launche d. Further scheme s will help rejuvena te fleet. New Arriva bus service expecte d to improve emissio ns

2 Settlement System

Introduction

Malta is one of the most densely populated countries in the world and the sustainable use of land is one of its most pressing priorities.

The legislation is governed by the Development Planning Act (Act I of 1992) as approved by Parliament, which legislation has been updated over the years leading to the current Act No. X of 2010 Environment and Development Planning Act, 2010.

Malta has a main legislative framework based on a Structure Plan that is approved by Parliament, which Act is supported by updates and amendments that are published as legal Notices as well as administratively aided by publications through Government Notices in the Government Gazzette.

Other policy documents are published as a series of Supplementary Guidance.

In addition to the Structure Plan which is a national document, Malta has been divided into seven Local Plans which cover regional landuse aspects. Note that the regions do not conform to the NUTS4 designations but have their own NUTS5 aggregates. The Local Plans are: • Central Malta Local Plan • Gozo & Comino Local Plan • North Harbour Local Plan • North West Local Plan • South Malta Local Plan • Gran Harbour Local Plan • Marsaxlokk Bay Local Plan

Other planning components include three levels: Development Briefs : guidance documents for developers aimed at providing detailed information on the type of information, processes and other related requirements.

Action Plans : A series of task-oriented processes targeting a particular area aimed at enhancing such area through step-by-step guidance.

Subject Plans : A series of studies based on thematic issues that entail national interest and which were not covered by other legislation (MEPA, 2011).

2.1 – Land Use Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Artificial I MEPA 2011 Increas The Guidelin areas and Limits to e in study es infrastructur developmen develop area has address es (urban t ment an area ed to

19 areas designat avoid included) ed for landsca develop pe ment impacts encompa especial ssing 8.2 ly in km 2 from rural a total areas. area of 23.2 km 2

Figure 5 - Land use

2.2 – Local tools and plans on urban and territorial planning Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Tools on R MEPA 1988 - 2005 A More urban and number tools are territorial of in place. planning reports Further and improve topic ments papers on have enforce been ment drawn required up

2.3 – Housing stock Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of D Census 1995-2005 ⇑ Increasi Intensific Policy in dwelling 2005 ng due ation of place units to develop but property ment – further speculat loss of action ion virgin required particula land rly in the apartme nt market Empty D Census 1995-2005 ⇑ Result No Policy in dwelling 2005 of demand place units market expected but oversup in short further ply term – action wastage required of resource s No of D Census 1995-2005 ⇓ Decreas Result of Result people/ 2005 ing as a demogra of dwelling result of phics demogr smaller aphics families Surface D area/ person

2.4 – Energy certification of buildings Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Rules for R PQ 20382 2010 ⇓ No Building 2002/91 energy Malta building practices /EC – certification Parliament s have not policy in register changed place ed – no but not public impleme awarene nted ss of greener buildings

2.5 – Urban green areas Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Density of S urban green areas

2.6 – Mobility management Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Restricted R traffic zones Pedestrian R areas Bicycle R lanes

2.7 – transport infrastructure Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Total density D MEPA 2011 ⇔ Limited limited better of roads develop impact in traffic ment of terms of manage new develop ment roads – ment and focus on improve mainten ment of ance junction and s is improve warrant ment of ed existing Density of D MEPA 2011 ⇔ Limited limited better regional develop impact in traffic roads ment of terms of manage new develop ment roads – ment and focus on improve mainten ment of ance junction and s is improve warrant ment of ed existing Density of D N/A provincial roads Total density D N/A of railways Sea port D NSO 2009 ⇑ increase ☺ better ☺ effective passengers Transport 439,630 d with access policy Statistics economi benefittin yielding 2010 c g competit activity economy ion and tourism Airport D NSO ⇑ Increas ☺ better ☺ effective passengers Transport ed with access policy Statistics economi benefittin yielding 2010 c g competit activity economy ion and tourism

Figure 6 - Road network

3 Territorial and environmental resources

Introduction

Local planning legislation is governed by the Development Planning Act (Act I of 1992) as approved by Parliament, which legislation has been updated over the years leading to the current Act No. X of 2010 Environment and Development Planning Act, 2010.

A number of topic papers were prepared with the purpose of identifying key land use issues which need to be addressed in the new Structure Plan. The process of completion of topic papers involved quantitative (trend and cross section analysis) as well as qualitative surveys. A host of new issues have emerged from the topic papers, which require to be addressed by the new Plan.

Air quality monitoring is coordinated by MEPA and involves two types of monitoring activities: the passive diffusion tube monitoring network and the automated real-time measurement of pollutants.

3.1 – Land use Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Artificial S MEPA various Increas The Further areas and e in study guidelin infrastructur develop area has es es (urban ment an area address areas designat ed to included) ed for avoid develop landsca ment pe encompa impacts ssing 8.2 especial km 2 from ly in a total rural area of areas & 23.2 km 2 enforce ment

3.2 – Protection and enhancement of landscape Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Tools and R MEPA 2004 Landsca ☺ A ☺ Modern plans pe number tools planning of e.g. GIS has distractin are been g being incorpor features used. ated are Addition into present al site Structur manage e plan. ment and enforce ment measur es necessa ry

3.3 – Local tools and plans on urban and territorial planning Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Tools on R MEPA Various Tools ☺ Tools ☺ Further urban and on e.g. GIS improve territorial urban are being informati planning and used. on territoria access l and planning citizen are participa updatin tion on g. urban planning process

3.4 – Protected areas Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number or R CCDA 2009 Increas ☺ A ☺ Site SACs dataset – e in number manage MEPA and number of SACs ment EEA website of SACs have and been enforce designat ment ed in the measur study es area Surface of R CCDA 2009 Increas ☺ Pembrok ☺ Site SAC’s dataset – e in e has the manage MEPA and surface largest ment EEA website of SACs area of and

SAC’s enforce ment measur es Number of R CCDA 2009 Increas ☺ Greatest ☺ Site SPA’s dataset – e in n number manage MEPA and umber in ment EEA website of Naxxar and SPA’s enforce ment measur es Surface of R CCDA 2009 Increas ☺ Largest ☺ Site SPA’s dataset – e in site in manage MEPA and surface Pembrok ment EEA website of SPAs e and enforce ment measur es Number of R MEPA Number ☺ Number ☺ Site Natura of sites of sites manage Network increasi present ment 2000 areas ng in area and enforce ment measur es Surface of R MEPA Number ☺ Largest ☺ Site Natura of surface manage Network designat area in ment 2000 ed Pembrok and areas e enforce increasi ment ng measur es

3.5 – Biodiversity conservation and protected areas management Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Tools and R MEPA 2010 Increas ☺ A ☺ Manage plans e in number ment legal of sites plans notices are are and afforded being plans protectio drawn n in the up fro a study number area of sites

3.6 – Water resource quality Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Quality of S surface water Quality of S NSO – 2010 Increas Over Water underground Sustainable e in extractio meterin water developmen chloride n of g t indicators levels water in project. for Malta due to some Measur over areas. es to extractio reduce n. over Agricult extractio ure n and contribu increase tion to in rain nitrate water levels holding water cisterns Quality of S EEA 2005 - 2010 Water ☺ 100% ☺ 100% of Marine quality complian sewage water improve ce in is ment bathing treated sites

3.7 – Air quality Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of S MEPA 2000 - 2010 131 ☺ Monitorin ☺ Reduce fixed monitori g sites vehicle monitoring ng sites present emmissi sites installed in San ons Gwann and Naxxar (6 sites) Air quality S EEA 1990 - 2007 Air Benzene New quality still high policies improvin in study and g area targets in place to ensure that air quality improve s Plans for the S MEPA 2010 Plans ☺ Some ☺ Develop improvemen have real time ing t and been data is National

27 managemen drawn available Environ t of the up but not in mental quality of the study Monitori air sites ng Infrastru cture and Capacit y

Figure 7- Air quality monitoring station

Souce: MEPA

Figure 8 - Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions (in CO2 equivalent) indexed to 1990

Source: European Environment Agency (EEA)

Figure 9 - Total Particulate formation PM10 (PM10 equivalent)

Source: European Environment Agency (EEA)

3.8 – Energy produced from renewable sources Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Renewable R energy production Renewable R energy production: Wind power Renewable R energy production: Solar Renewable R energy production: Bio-mass

4 Territorial services

Introduction

The Maltese Government provides a comprehensive health service to all Maltese residents that is entirely free at the point of delivery. This health service is funded from general taxation. Employees and employers pay weekly national insurance contributions, which fund the healthcare service as well as other social services like pensions. Dependant family members are covered by the contributions paid by employed family members. All residents have access to preventive, investigative, curative and rehabilitative services in Government Health Centres and Hospitals. Persons with a low income are 'means tested' by the Department of Social Security. If they qualify for assistance, they receive a card which entitles them to free pharmaceuticals. Moreover, a person who suffers from one or more of a specified list of chronic diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis) is also entitled to receive free treatment for his /her ailment, irrespective of financial means.

Private healthcare thrives in Malta and co-exists with the state system.

4.1 – Public services Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of S Health Dept 2011 Closure None Directio public health of some present n of services health in study patients centres area. with Service trivial offered in cases to Mosta & health Gzira centres health to centre & relieve public bed hospitals pressur e. Number of S Health Dept 2011 Public No public Need to hospitals hospital hospitals address s serve in study bed all region shortag populati e issues on in Malta Number of S Health Dept 2011 Public No public Need to beds hospital hospitals address (hospitals) s serve in study insuffici all region ent bed populati capacity on in and Malta emerge ncy waiting time Number of S None health present

30 centres in study area Number of S medical centres Number of S ☺ ☺ pre-primary schools Number of S NSO – 2006 Primary ☺ Investme ☺ Number primary Education schools nt and of schools Statistics present upgradin schools in each g of adequat village present e. and and new Number grouped structure of in s e.g. church colleges Primary primary school in schools Pembrok will e increase from 2011 Number of S NSO – 2006 Second ☺ State ☺ Continu secondary Education ary Seconda ed schools Statistics schools ry investm grouped schools ent and in present upgradi colleges in ng in Pembrok existing e & and new Naxxar, facilities Number of S NSO – 2006 1 school ☺ Only 1 ☺ Measur post- Education but post- es secondary Statistics number secondar required schools of y school to students at accomm increase Naxxar odate d in Study increase area in post- seconda ry students Number of S NSO – 2006 MCAST ☺ Institute ☺ Vast vocational Education & of number colleges Statistics Institute tourism of of present program Tourism in St mes . Julians & present. Same MCAST MCAST number in recently of Naxxar impleme schools nted but degree increase program in mes students Number of S NSO – 2006 1 state Universit Lack of universities Education universit y at space to Statistics y for Msida accomm whole of but odate

Malta handles growing students student from populati study on area. needs to be tackled. Investm ent in R & D Number of S Data for social study welfare area not services availabl e Number of S Archiodeces 2011 Number Residenti Need of old people’s t of Malta, public al homes more homes Health homes, in facilities 2 Naxxar & for church San ageing residenti Giljan populati al home on in study area Number of S Health 2011 Only 1 Day Need of day centres day centre in more centre Naxxar facilities in study for area ageing populati on Number of S Europe 2011 Increas ☺ HSBC & ☺ Favours banks banks, e in BOV competit HSBC, number have ion. BOV, Banif of branches Regulat branche in most or has s sites. policies Banif in place. bank has More also policies expande to d with tackleinf numerou ormatio s n of branches investm including ents san necessa Gwann ry. and St Julians Number of S MFSA 2011 179 ☺ Many ☺ strong insurance compani compani regulato companies es in all es ry Malta present regime in study with area export potential Number of S KMS 2011 None In sports study centres area

4.2 – Public transport supply Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Density of R public transport infrastructur es Volume of R NSO 2008-2009 Ticket Trends New passenger sales expected operator transport per to as from inhabita change July nt due to 2011 decreas new (Arriva). ed operator Ticket prices favour frequent use.

4.3 – Public transport management Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Plans R Transport 2011 Currentl ☺ Ticket ☺ More aimed at Malta y under pricing promoti enhanceme new encourag on and nt and operator es fine promotion s. frequent tuning of public (Arriva) use new transport routes required

4.4 – Waste management Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Glass R NSO 2008-2009 Increas ☺ People ☺ Number e in more of recyclin willing to disposal g at recycle sites Bring in have sites & increase Civic d. amenity sites Cardboard, R NSO 2008-2009 As ☺ People ☺ Educati paper above + more onal recycle willing to campaig Tuesda recycle ns in ys place to promote

recyclin g Plastic & R NSO 2008-2009 As ☺ People ☺ Educati metal above + more onal recycle willing to campaig Tuesda recycle ns in ys place to promote recyclin g Batteries R NSO 2008-2009 Increas ☺ People ☺ Educati e due to more onal Civic willing to campaig amenity recycle ns in sites place to and promote educatio recyclin nal g. E.g. campaig batterin n a Phytosanitar R y containers Pharmaceuti R cal containers

Figure 10 - Separate waste collection from bring-in sites, civic amenity sites and grey bags: 2004-2009

Source: NSO, 2010

4.5 – Management of waste water Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Towns R Water 2011 All ☺ All towns ☺ All connected Services towns are towns Corporation are connecte are connect d connect ed ed and waste

water has been 100% treated as from June 2011 Inhabitants R Water 2011 All All All connected Services inhabita inhabitan towns Corporation nts are ts are are connect connecte connect ed d ed and waste water has been 100% treated as from June 2011

Figure 11 - Sant’ Antnin Sewage Treatment Plant

Source: NSO

4.6 – Efficiency of the water distri bution network Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Ratio of R Water 1998-2004 Water ☺ Water ☺ Addition disburseme Services loss loss al nts and Corporation contain reduction methods losses (real ment decrease to and resulted d the contain apparent) in less total leaks & losses system reportin demand g by by 21.5% consum ers

5 Economic activities

Introduction

Sustainable development is increasingly becoming a central focus of policy at a national level. Both the Environment Protection Act (2001) and the Development Planning Act (2002), which govern the workings of MEPA, have the goal of sustainable development enshrined within them.

In Malta, agricultural industries range from the growing of arable crops, market gardening and horticulture to animal husbandry, the application of sophisticated farming techniques and the use of pesticides and inoculants. Fisheries encompass traditional fishing methods, fish farming and the management of marine resources to regulate fishery production. Enterprises in this sector include farms, dairies, hatcheries, orchards, greenhouses and nurseries (NSO, 2009).

In terms of output of the agricultural industry, the value of fresh vegetables passing through the organised markets edged up, while the volume was marginally down. By contrast, the volume and wholesale value of fresh fruit advanced by 39 and 36 per cent respectively. Licensed fishing vessels as at the end of 2008 numbered 2,800, up by 4.6 per cent over the previous year. Furthermore, increases of 8.0 and 13.5 per cent were registered in the volume and wholesale value of fresh fish landings respectively (NSO, 2009).

Tourism is on the other hand is an important economic sector, but it places significant pressures on the environment due to additional consumption of resources (and related waste generation and transportation demand) and land take-up. Between 2004 and 2008, the annual average increase in tourist volumes was 3.44 %, accompanied by an annual average increase of 5.48 % in guest nights. In 2009, mainly due to the economic and financial crisis, tourism performance in terms of volume declined by 8.35 % compared to 2008, with a decline of 13.8 % over the corresponding period in 2008. Figures so far for 2011 have however shown a sharp upward trend. Whilst tourism is by its very nature seasonal, Malta’s tourism industry is a year-round operation. The uneven distribution of tourists throughout the year remains a challenge as it subjects the environment and environmental infrastructure to high pressures in summer (EEA 2011)

5.1 – Local enterprises and workers by sector Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Total D Structural 1999-2001 Yearly ☺ Highest ☺ Enterpri enterprises Business increase number se Statistics in total of promoti database enterpri enterpris on 2005; ses es in the measur Census northern es in 2005 harbour place region e.g. incubati on centres etc. Agriculture, D NSO 2009 Full time Fishing Promote hunting, Gainfully employ an measur and fishing Occupied ment agricultur es to Population: decreas e more increase September e present young 2010 in farmers

Northern region Industry and D energy Construction D NSO 2008-2010 Business Demographi cs Services D Total D NSO - 2008 - 2010 Total ☺ Highest ☺ Promote workers Gainfully increase jobs in lifelong Occupied in Northern learning Population: employ Region initiative September ment by s 2010 1.3 % Workers in D NSO - 2003-2007 Decreas More Promote agricultural Agriculture e in full Agricultu measur sector and time re es to Fisheries employ workers increase 2008 ment in young Northern farmers region Workers in D NSO - 2008 - 2010 Decreas Highest Promote construction Gainfully e in full number incentiv Occupied time in es Population: employ northern aimed at September ment in harbor retrainin 2010 2010 region g of due to workers slow for down in employ develop ment in ment other sectors Workers in D NSO - 2008 - 2010 Closing Northern Promote industry Gainfully down of Harbour incentiv Occupied some higher es Population: factories than aimed at September Northern retrainin 2010 region g of workers for employ ment in other sectors Workers in D services

Figure 12 - Total Businesses registered

5.2 – Utilised Agricultural Area in relation to Total Agricultural Area Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Utilised D NSO - 2003-2007 Increas ☺ Highest ☺ Promote Agricultural Agriculture ed use use in sustaina Area (UAA) and of Northern ble Fisheries agricultu region measur 2008 ral land es UAA Crop D NSO - 2003-2007 Shift Highest Measur production Agriculture towards use in es to and more Northern reduce Fisheries profitabl region land 2008 e abando agricultir nment e UAA D NSO - 2005 Increas ☺ Highest ☺ Scheme vineyards Agriculture ed in s by and plantatio Northern wineries Fisheries n of region promote 2008 vines for d wine investm producti ent on

5.3 – Agricultural holdings Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Agricultural D NSO - 2003-2007 Increas ☺ ☺ Measur holdings by Agriculture ease in es to size and size of maintain Fisheries holdings wide 2005 for most presenc size e of

classes holdings in the territory favourin g competit iveness Agricultural D holdings by type of occupancy Agricultural D holdings by main cultivation

5.4 – Farms Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Farms by D Eurostat, 2005-2009 Decreas Greatest Promote livestock NSO - e due to number local type Agriculture reductio in product and n in Northern consum Fisheries profit region ption 2005 margin Cattle D NSO - 2005-2009 Decreas Greatest Promote Agriculture e of number local and farms, in of product Fisheries because smaller consum 2009 of the farms in ption reductio Northern n in harbor profit region margin Poultry D Pigs D NSO - 2005-2009 Decreas Pig Promote Agriculture e of populatio local and farms, n more product Fisheries because than consum 2009 of the double in ption reductio the n in northern profit region margin

5.5 – Organic farming Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of R operators Number of R developers Number of R producers Area for R

40 organic farming

5.6 – Typical products Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of R typical products registered by UE (PDO, PGI or TSG)

5.7 – Traditional manufacturing activitites Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of D manufacturi ng enterprises Wood, D NSO 2005-2010 Reducti Lower Measur furniture Business on in employm es for Demographi number ent retrainin cs of g of busines workers ses between 2005 and 2009 Stone, D marble Textile D NSO 2005-2010 Reducti Factories Measur Business on of concentr es for Demographi manufa ated retrainin cs cturing mostly in g of activitie San workers s in the Gwann to regions Industrial increase estate re- employ ment Pelt, leather D Ceramics D Jewellery D Musical D instruments Vegetal fibre D Metal D

5.8 – Tourism Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Stays in D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Fluctuati Industry Past tourist ng – is volatile timely accommotati dependi and policies on ng on subject have various to helped internal internatio address and nal internati external develop onal factors ments challeng es Stays in D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Slight Industry Hotel hotels decline is volatile type mix register and has ed with subject develop recover to ed to y in internatio address 2010 nal a develop different ments market demand Stays in D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Margina Result Incentiv hotels l caused es for (national increase by more local tourists) over competiti tourism years on and in lower shoulder demand and by winter foreigner months similar to those for Gozo Stays in D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Fluctuat Industry Incentiv hotels e is volatile es to (foreign accordin and attract tourists) g to subject more year to foreign internatio tourists nal and develop ensure ments standar ds are kept Medium stay D (hotel stablishment s) Tourism D Eurostat 2008 to Stable – Importan Incentiv occupation June 2011 slight t for es to degree dip in sustaina attract (hotel 2009 bility – more establishme impacted foreign nts) by LCC tourists through out the

year and ensure standar ds are kept Tourism D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 pressure (hotel establishme nts) Total D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Fluctuati San investm accommoda ng – Giljan ent tion capacity dependi has the should ng on largest be various number directed internal of hotels by and and bed policy to external capacity address factors in the market study demand region s Accommoda D Eurostat 2004 – 2010 Fluctuati San investm tion capacity ng – Giljan ent in hotels dependi has the should ng on largest be various number directed internal of hotels by and and bed policy to external capacity address factors in the market study demand region s Accommoda D tion capacity in rural tourism houses Accomodati D on capacity in tourist apartments Accomodati D on capacity in campsites

Figure 13 - Gross utilisation of bed places – monthly data

Source: Eurostat

Figure 14 - Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments

Source: Eurostat

Figure 15 - Number of bed places

Source: Eurostat

5.9 – Sustainable management of the local authority and local enterprises Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of R environment al managemen t procedures adopted - EMAS, ecolabel, etc

5.10 – Labour accident risk Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of D NSO - 2007 – Q2 Declinin ☺ Northern ☺ Better labour Accidents at 2011 g Harbour awarene accidents work region ss and (various) has educatio double n the initiative percenta support ge of ed by accident better s regultion

6 Ecomanagement policies addressed to sustainability

Introduction Malta's Environment protection Act 2001 lays down the legal provisions enabling businesses to take sustainability further and do business responsibly. The Malta standards authority is the national competent body for various schemes related to the environment including: EMAS (Eco-management and audit scheme) and the European eco-label scheme.

A number of policies are in place to promote green purchasing. The Malta Tourism Authority has also promoted its Eco-Certification to which a number of hotels are already party. Although the list of participating hotels is available, data for other initiatives is largely incomplete.

Figure 16 - Local ecolabels

Source: www.ecolabelindex.com

6.1 – Policies towards sustainability Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Policies, R Indexmundi, 2011 Increas ☺ Agreeme ☺ Promote activities MEPA, MRA e in nts mnitorin and number signed g and agreements of on behalf enforce towards agreem of ment sustainabilit ents Maltese measur y Islands es

6.2 – Initiatives aimed at community participation in decision-making Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Number of R participation processes Number of R Malta 2002 Increas ☺ Participat ☺ More Agenda 21 National e in ion also informar processes Report participa at young ion is

tion age now through through availabl NGOs, green e Local flag through councils the green MEPA flag etc website. Number of R processes developed with neighboring areas

6.3 – Local authority green purchasing Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Acquisition R of products and services

6.4 – Other eco-management activities Label Indicator Data Time Time Criticality Response typology source period trend s/actions Other R initiatives

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