Grand Danube Passage Prague to Sofia
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The Antiphonary of Bangor and Its Musical Implications
The Antiphonary of Bangor and its Musical Implications by Helen Patterson A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Music University of Toronto © Copyright by Helen Patterson 2013 The Antiphonary of Bangor and its Musical Implications Helen Patterson Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Music University of Toronto 2013 Abstract This dissertation examines the hymns of the Antiphonary of Bangor (AB) (Antiphonarium Benchorense, Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana C. 5 inf.) and considers its musical implications in medieval Ireland. Neither an antiphonary in the true sense, with chants and verses for the Office, nor a book with the complete texts for the liturgy, the AB is a unique Irish manuscript. Dated from the late seventh-century, the AB is a collection of Latin hymns, prayers and texts attributed to the monastic community of Bangor in Northern Ireland. Given the scarcity of information pertaining to music in early Ireland, the AB is invaluable for its literary insights. Studied by liturgical, medieval, and Celtic scholars, and acknowledged as one of the few surviving sources of the Irish church, the manuscript reflects the influence of the wider Christian world. The hymns in particular show that this form of poetical expression was significant in early Christian Ireland and have made a contribution to the corpus of Latin literature. Prompted by an earlier hypothesis that the AB was a type of choirbook, the chapters move from these texts to consider the monastery of Bangor and the cultural context from which the manuscript emerges. As the Irish peregrini are known to have had an impact on the continent, and the AB was recovered in ii Bobbio, Italy, it is important to recognize the hymns not only in terms of monastic development, but what they reveal about music. -
Our Travels in Austria
Our Travels to Austria By Henry C. Schrader, Jr. Austria • We have been to Austria 5 times. • It is a wonderful palace, full of history & amazing sights. • We have visited 5 towns in Austria. They are Innsbruck, Salzburg, Melk, Durstein & Vienna. Innsbruck • Innsbruck is a well known winter resort area, and has hosted the winter Olympics twice. • Innsbruck served as the residence of Maximilian I, the Holy Roman Emperor. He built a covered area known as the Golden Dome in 1500, where he could watch events in the square below. Old Town Innsbruck Photo Anne Schrader Golden Dome, Innsbruck Photo Anne Schrader The Golden Dome & Square Photo Anne Schrader Salzburg • Salzburg is on the Salzach river. • It is the birthplace of the famous composer Mozart. • Other famous sights are the Salzburg Cathedral & the Hohensalzburg castle. Salzburg Photo Anne Schrader Historic Old City, Salzburg Photo Anne Schrader Hohensalzburg Palace Photo Anne Schrader Salzburg Cathedral Photo Anne Schrader Vienna • Vienna is the capital of Austria. • Located on the Danube river, this is a place of great historical importance. • It was the capital of the Austria-Hungarian Empire. • Vienna is a cultural hearth for music— Viennese Waltzes, & formal ball dances along with cafes serving fabulous deserts make this a not to miss place! Vienna Photo Anne Schrader Schonbrunn Palace Photo Anne Schrader Great Deserts! Photos Anne Schrader Sachertorte Apple Strudel Rathaus during Christmas Markets, Vienna Photo Anne Schrader Melk • Melk is in the Wachau Valley along the Danube River. • It is a small town of about 5,000. • It is best known for the massive baroque Benedictine monastery named Melk Abbey. -
Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: BULGARIA October 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Republic of Bulgaria (Republika Bŭlgariya). Short Form: Bulgaria. Term for Citizens(s): Bulgarian(s). Capital: Sofia. Click to Enlarge Image Other Major Cities (in order of population): Plovdiv, Varna, Burgas, Ruse, Stara Zagora, Pleven, and Sliven. Independence: Bulgaria recognizes its independence day as September 22, 1908, when the Kingdom of Bulgaria declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Public Holidays: Bulgaria celebrates the following national holidays: New Year’s (January 1); National Day (March 3); Orthodox Easter (variable date in April or early May); Labor Day (May 1); St. George’s Day or Army Day (May 6); Education Day (May 24); Unification Day (September 6); Independence Day (September 22); Leaders of the Bulgarian Revival Day (November 1); and Christmas (December 24–26). Flag: The flag of Bulgaria has three equal horizontal stripes of white (top), green, and red. Click to Enlarge Image HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Early Settlement and Empire: According to archaeologists, present-day Bulgaria first attracted human settlement as early as the Neolithic Age, about 5000 B.C. The first known civilization in the region was that of the Thracians, whose culture reached a peak in the sixth century B.C. Because of disunity, in the ensuing centuries Thracian territory was occupied successively by the Greeks, Persians, Macedonians, and Romans. A Thracian kingdom still existed under the Roman Empire until the first century A.D., when Thrace was incorporated into the empire, and Serditsa was established as a trading center on the site of the modern Bulgarian capital, Sofia. -
Passage to Eastern Europe
11-Day Cruise Opportunity August 2020 BONUS: Reserving a berth by Jan 31 entitles passengers to FREE economy airfare! Ground transfers included with PASSAGE Viking Air Purchase. TO EASTERN EUROPE QUICK OVERVIEW with MONTPELIER SENIOR ACTIVITY DATES: 11-day Eastern Danube River CENTER (MSAC) and noted local cruise, departs August 10, 2020 photographer ANNIE TIBERIO SHIP: Viking’s Lofn, capacity 190 A less-traveled path featuring amazingly exotic, historic, and DEPARTS: Budapest, Hungary scenic opportunities. We will traverse the eastern Danube RETURNS TO: Bucharest, Romania and search out the wonders of Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, PRICING: Starts at $3,674/person Croatia, and Hungary. We begin in Budapest, Hungary, double occupancy reportedly one of the loveliest European cities, where we stay two nights to erase our jet lag. We move on to Kalocsa, Vukovar, Belgrade, Golbac, Vidin, Russe, and end in Bucharest, Romania. See Bucharest’s 3,000-room Palace of Parliament. Make banitsa bread with a home cook in Vidin. Explore Belgrade’s Ottoman and European treasures, including 6th- century Kalemegdan Fortress. View the Danube’s towering Iron Gate. Visit a Croatian family’s Osijek home. Witness Hungary’s daredevil Puszta horsemen. Behold Budapest’s grandeur. Once hidden behind the Iron Curtain, the eastern Danube still has secrets to reveal on this enriching cruise tour. OPTIONAL ON-BOARD LOGISTICS & DETAILS PHOTOGRAPHY SHIP DETAILS & ITINERARY INSTRUCTION Visit vikingrivercruises.com for WITH ANNIE TIBERIO complete details on the cruise line, our ship, itinerary, extra excursions, and virtual tours of accommodations & decks. VIKING AMENITIES INCLUDED: • One complimentary shore • 2 hotel nights in Budapest excursion in every port and 1 night in Bucharest • Free wifi with breakfasts • Beer, wine, soft drinks with • Performances, lectures, onboard lunch & dinner local cuisine • 24-hr specialty coffees, • Medieval castles, museums, teas, bottled water a thermal spa, palaces… • Port taxes & fees and so much more! WHAT TO DO RIGHT AWAY: 1. -
About Bulgaria
Source: Zone Bulgaria (http://en.zonebulgaria.com/) About Bulgaria General Information about Bulgaria Bulgaria is a country in Southeastern Europe and is situated on the Balkan Peninsula. To the north the country borders Rumania, to the east – the Black Sea, to the south – Turkey and Greece, and to the west – Yugoslavia and Macedonia. Bulgaria is a parliamentary republic with a National Assembly (One House Parliament) of 240 national representatives. The President is Head of State. Geography of Bulgaria The Republic of Bulgaria covers a territory of 110 993 square kilometres. The average altitude of the country is 470 metres above sea level. The Stara Planina Mountain occupies central position and serves as a natural dividing line from the west to the east. It is a 750 km long mountain range stretching from the Vrushka Chuka Pass to Cape Emine and is part of the Alpine-Himalayan mountain range. It reaches the Black Sea to the east and turns to the north along the Bulgarian-Yugoslavian border. A natural boundary with Romania is the Danube River, which is navigable all along for cargo and passenger vessels. The Black Sea is the natural eastern border of Bulgaria and its coastline is 378 km long. There are clearly cut bays, the biggest two being those of Varna and Bourgas. About 25% of the coastline are covered with sand and hosts our seaside resorts. The southern part of Bulgaria is mainly mountainous. The highest mountain is Rila with Mt. Moussala being the highest peak on the Balkan Peninsula (2925 m). The second highest and the mountain of most alpine character in Bulgaria is Pirin with its highest Mt. -
2020 Blue Danube Discovery $6691* $6191*
2020 BLUE DANUBE DISCOVERY NON-STOP TRAVEL With 2 Nights in Budapest & 2 Nights in Prague EXCLUSIVE OFFER! 11 Nights / 14 Days • Travel to Budapest, Hungary & Return from Prague, Czech Republic Avalon Envision • Featuring 200 sq. ft. Panorama Suites SAVE $500 Enjoy a 7-Night River Cruise from Budapest to Nuremberg with PER PERSON 2 Nights Pre-Cruise Hotel in Budapest & 2 Nights Post-Cruise Hotel in Prague FROM BROCHURE FARE May 10 – 23, 2020 • Escorted from Honolulu • Tour Manager: Lori Lee MUST RESERVE BY COUNTRIES: Hungary, Austria, Germany & Czech Republic RIVERS: Danube River FEBRUARY 29, 2020 CRUISE OVERVIEW: Brilliant views of Danube River destinations are waiting on your European river cruise, made even more beautiful with two nights in the Hungarian capital city of Budapest. Before embarking on your cruise through Austria and Germany, enjoy your stay in the “Pearl of the Danube” — Budapest. You’ll enjoy a guided tour of Budapest, including the iconic Heroes’ Square. You’ll have free time to get to know COMPLETE the city’s cafes, shops, magnificent architecture, and thermal baths! PACKAGES! Beautiful views, marvelous food, and the birthplace of some of the world’s greatest music is in store on your Danube River cruise. Embark in Budapest to sail to Vienna — the City of Music. You’ll marvel at the sights with a FROM $ * guided city tour of Vienna’s gilded landmarks — including the Imperial Palace, the world-famous opera house, 6691 and stunning St. Stephen’s Cathedral. Sail to Dürnstein to walk in the steps of Richard the Lionheart. You may $ * choose a guided hike to the castle where he was held during the Crusades, and behold the brilliant view of 6191 Austria’s Wachau Valley from above. -
Danube Symphony (Westbound) 6 Day River Cruise Budapest To
Danube Symphony (Westbound) 6 Day River Cruise Budapest to Deggendorf Vacation overview Board your Avalon Suite Ship® in Budapest to embark on an unforgettable 6-day European river cruise on the Danube. You’ll begin with a visit to Slovakia’s quaint town of Bratislava for guided sightseeing along the streets of Old Town and St. Martin’s Cathedral. In Vienna, learn about the Habsburg Empire with guided sightseeing, and see the Imperial Palace complex, the Opera House, and stunning St. Stephen’s Cathedral. Explore Krems on a guided tour of a town seemingly untouched by the modern world. Cruise through the Wachau Valley— home of charming villages and Austrian wines from its beautiful vineyards. Visit Ybbs with a guided tour of its romantic old town. Visit the magnificent 9th-century St. Florian Monastery, still home to Augustine Monks, or take a sobering tour of Mauthausen Concentration Camp—one of the largest and most brutal Nazi camps of WWII. In Linz, enjoy free time to sample its famous pastries, and cruise overnight to conclude your river cruise in Deggendorf, Germany. A fantastic combination of history, art, food, and wine on your Danube River cruise. Itinerary Day 1 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY (EMBARKATION) Welcome to Hungary. Your Suite Ship® is Ready for Boarding. Flights into Budapest must arrive by 2 pm. Guests must be on board ship by 5 pm. Spend free time strolling along the cobblestone streets, browsing art galleries, sipping coffee, and sampling sweets before boarding your Danube cruise for a welcome dinner this evening. EVENING/OVERNIGHT CRUISE TO BRATISLAVA Day 2 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA Cathedral Coronations and a Crowning Castle Visit the Adventure Center for today’s activities with your Adventure Host. -
Virginia Retired Teachers Presents
Virginia Retired Teachers presents ... Cruise in a group of 38-45 aboard our privately owned 140- to 162-passenger ships ITINERARY OVERVIEW Christmas Markets Along the Danube DECEMBER 4, 2019 Germany: Nuremberg, Regensburg, Passau • Austria: Linz, Melk, Vienna Day 1 • Depart U.S. Day 2 • Vienna, Austria Embark ship $ $ 9 days from 3195 9 days from 2095 Day 3 • Melk • Wachau Valley with international airfare Tour only from Dulles Included Tour Melk Abbey Day 4 • Linz Nuremberg Arrival/ Optional Tour Salzburg Departure Optional Extension Main/ CZECH Cruise Route To tal Cruising 379 miles Danube Regensburg REPUBLIC Distance (578 km) Day 5 • Passau, Germany Canal Passau Included Tour Danube Passau Day 6-7 • Regensburg GERMANY Dan ube Linz Included Tour Regensburg Melk Vienna Munich (Also Optional (Optional Extension) Extension) Day 8 • Nuremberg AUSTRIA Salzburg Included Tour Nuremberg Day 9 • Nuremburg • Return to U.S. IT’S INCLUDED Disembark ship International airfare, airport transfers, government taxes, fees, and airline fuel surcharges, unless you choose to make your own air arrangements Accommodations for 7 nights aboard a private river ship with wireless Internet access in all common areas and cabins 20 meals: 7 breakfasts, 6 lunches, and 7 dinners—plus all onboard house beer & wine, as well as soft drinks 5 included tours with personal headsets, up to 5 Christmas markets, and 5 Exclusive Discovery Series events—Main-Danube Canal discussion • German language lesson • Regensburg choral concert • Stollen cooking demonstration • German -
From Calarasi to Vidin: Common Borders, Common Solutions
FROM CALARASI TO VIDIN: COMMON BORDERS, COMMON SOLUTIONS SPECIAL REPORT | 1 - 5 OCTOBER 2018 http://eurac.tv/9PM5 With the support of FROM CALARASI TO VIDIN: COMMON BORDERS, COMMON SOLUTIONS From Calarasi to Ruse, from Costanza to Veliko Tarnovo, EU Cohesion Policy has supported hundreds SPECIAL REPORT | 1 - 5 OCTOBER 2018 of actions and infrastructure investment in the fields http://eurac.tv/9PM5 of transport, science, education, youth employment, environment and support for small and medium-sized enterprises in Romania and Bulgaria. Cross-border cooperation (Interreg V-A) in specific, represents one of the main goals of the policy, aiming at tackling common issues and challenges identified from border regions, at enhancing the growth dynamics of those areas, while promoting the values of solidarity and shared mentality. Despite the occasional shadows and delays in the project planning, the difficulties in the implementation and the bureaucratic obstacles, the Romanian- Bulgarian cross-border cooperation has transformed the economy and the relations between the two countries, improving significantly the quality of life of their citizens. In this special report, EURACTIV focuses on some of the most important aspects of this shared socioeconomic ecosystem, capturing its core characteristics and added value. Contents Less money, a new legal framework- what future for the Interreg post-2020? 4 Business representative: ‘Cross-border cooperation is a broader European integration exercise’ 6 Deputy mayor: A second bridge at Ruse-Giurgiu is a priority 9 EU cross-border cooperation: working on both sides of the river 12 Better regional cooperation for higher EU absorption rate: the Bulgaria-Romania case 14 4 1 - 5 OCTOBER 2018 | SPECIAL REPORT | FROM CALARASI TO VIDIN: COMMON BORDERS, COMMON SOLUTIONS | EURACTIV Less money, a new legal framework- what future for the Interreg post-2020? By Beatriz Rios | EURACTIV.com Drone View of Oltenita City, Calarasi County, in the Romanian border with Bulgaria. -
Orient/East-Med Corridor
The Core Network Corridors Orient/east-Med COrridOr Hamburg – Berlin Rostock – Berlin – Dresden Bremerhaven/Wilhelmshaven – Magdeburg – Dresden Dresden – Ústí nad Labem – Melnik/Praha - Kolin Kolin – Pardubice – Brno – Wien/Bratislava – Budapest – Arad – Timişoara – Craiova – Calafat – Vidin – Sofia Sofia – Plovdiv – Burgas Plovdiv – TR border Sofia – Thessaloniki – Athina – Piraeus – Lemesos – Lefkosia Athina – Patra/Igoumenitsa Description This long northwest-south eastern corridor will connect central Europe with the maritime interfaces of the North, Baltic, Black and Mediterranean seas, allowing to optimise the use of the ports concerned and the related Motorways of the Sea. This corridor will integrate Priority Projects 7 and 22, ERTMS corridor E and Rail Freight Corridor 7 (RFC 7). It will foster the development of those ports as major multimodal logistic platforms and will improve the multimodal connections of major economic centres in Central Europe to the coastlines, using rivers such as the Elbe. The corridor will also provide the link to Cyprus. Main missing links Missing links are numerous, since most of the multimodal connections between Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and Greece remain to be built or substantially upgraded. The Elbe also needs important upgrading to be able to attract traffic flows. Cross-border traffic management systems on rail and inland waterways are still to be implemented on many sections. Success stories Rail development along the north – south line from Budapest until Athens The Commission is already granting EU support for a study that will analyse traffic flows and potential development of a rail link that will connect Budapest with Sofia and Athens via Timisoara, Vidin-Calafat and Thessaloniki. The link is currently not fully operational and support is needed for creating the right preconditions for development along this line, preparing investments in the oncoming multi-annual financial framework. -
Electoral Geography and Sustainable Regional Development in Bulgaria: Case Study of North West Bulgaria and Vidin District
Geographica Timisiensis, vol. 19, nr. 1, 2010 (pp. 155-162) ● ELECTORAL GEOGRAPHY AND SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA: CASE STUDY OF NORTH-WEST BULGARIA AND VIDIN DISTRICT Marin ROUSSEV Faculty of Geology and Geography, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bulgaria Abstract : The transition to sustainable development depends on political factors, concerning regional disproportions, principles of regional policy and local self-government. They are dependent on the electoral behavioral models in society. The change of social conditions in Bulgaria demands an actualization of research methods and indicators so that territorial division is optimized. Electoral geography has a great potential for such actualization. Main operative statistical units in this study are the administrative regions and municipalities as well as their macroelectoral compounding. This approach is combined with the correlative-typological potential of the “geographic passport” method. It is used for the derivation of traditional electoral types of administrative units and macroelectoral regions. Their characteristics are distinguished by clearly expressed dependencies between natural and social features on the one hand and electoral behavioral models, on the other hand. The North- West region is characterized by an unfavorable combination of natural potential and negative social tendencies – broken age structure, negative migration balance, low economic activity and agricultural specialization. This economic basis is combined with a left political orientation. The most typical example for this is the Vidin district. During the last 2-3 years there are social tendencies which lead to the assumption that Bulgaria is entering a new electoral cycle that is to replace the post communist governmental model of the last two decades. -
Symphonyon the Blue Danube Featuring Prague
distinctive travel for over three decades SYMPHONYON THE BLUE DANUBE FEATURING PRAGUE UNESCO Deluxe Small River Ship Berlin World Heritage Site Cruise Itinerary GERMANY Air Routing Land Routing Dresden Prague r e v i R a v CZECH REPUBLIC a t l V ube River Dan SLOVAKIA Passau Dürnstein Melk Bratislava Wachau Valley Vienna Budapest AUSTRIA HUNGARY Visit five countries and up to six UNESCO World Itinerary Heritage sites on this journey to the cultural centers September 16 to 25, 2019 that inspired classical music’s Great Masters. Prague, Passau, Melk, Dürnstein, Vienna, This unique combination of river and land travel Bratislava, Budapest includes three nights in Prague and a five‑night Day cruise on the legendary Blue Danube from Passau, Germany, to Budapest, Hungary, aboard the 1 Depart the U.S. exclusively chartered, deluxe Amadeus Queen, 2 Prague, Czech Republic launching in 2018. This custom‑designed 3 Prague itinerary has been carefully orchestrated to include private classical music performances and 4 Prague a comprehensive schedule of guided excursions 5 Prague/Passau, Germany/Embark Amadeus Queen featuring magnificent Melk Abbey, the storybook village of Dürnstein, imperial Vienna and 6 Melk, Austria/Dürnstein/Vienna medieval Bratislava. Berlin Pre‑Program and 7 Vienna Budapest Post‑Program Options are offered. 8 Vienna/Bratislava, Slovakia 9 Budapest, Hungary 10 Budapest/Disembark ship/Return to the U.S. Cruise itinerary is subject to change. Melk Abbey Budapest Parliament SYMPHONY ON THE BLUE DANUBE RESERVE EARLY! From $3195 per person, double occupancy INCLUDED FEATURES (approximate land/cruise only) In Prague, Czech Republic SYMPHONY ON THE BLUE DANUBE ◆◆ Three nights in the centrally located, deluxe o InterContinental Praha Hotel, with Please send me/us the travel program brochure breakfast each morning.