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**n j^mfflF":^* COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA GOVERNOR'S OFFICE HARRISBURG February 15, 1955

To the Fishermen of Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania is proud of its nearly 10,000 miles of good fishing streams which are an invaluable part of its natural domain and which daily afford the angler a constant proof why this Commonwealth has the enviable reputation of being one of the finest recreational centers of the entire United States. By tradition and conviction, the Commonwealth is whole­ heartedly devoted to the fullest conservation of our natural resources. Pennsylvania is likewise committed to the constructive policy of creating the widest opportunity for their proper use by all our citizens for the sound purposes of health, recreation, and prosperity. In establishing research stations for improving the biologi­ cal conditions of fish life, in developing hatcheries to stock our many rivers, streams, and lakes with a variety of finny game, in lo­ cating new fishing sites close to areas of population density so as to expand fishing facilities for our many avid sportsmen of rod and reel, the Commonwealth is carrying its administrative share in further­ ing the mutual and successful program of State responsibility and pri­ vate cooperation which your personal support has largely brought about. The fishermen of Pennsylvania can be assured that this Ad­ ministration intends to increase the growth of this great natural sport and realize the greatest opportunity for its enjoyment within the *+5,000 square miles of extraordinarily diversified terrain that the Commonwealth embraces. The followers of this ancient avocation know by experience the personal joys and happiness the piscatorial art allows. Fishing offers the promise of spiritual and physical reconstruction to its devotees--release from the grind of daily undertakings, freedom from the crushing tensions and crisis-consciousness of ordinary life in an atom-harassed age. Like Izaak Walton, many Pennsylvanians may well say, as they use the unrivalled natural facilities of Pennsylvania to cast a strike, "You will find angling like the virtue of humility; it has calmness of spirit and a world of other blessings attending upon it." Your State Administration will work ceaselessly with you to protect our patrimony of lakes, clear streams, abundant game fish, and promote the wholesome and overpowering attraction of our Commonwealth's outdoors. Together let us resolve that the great sport of fishing will continue to hold proper priority in the concern both of State Govern­ ment and the interest of our fellow Citizens. Sincerely you

^AWy COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER PENNSYLVANIA

HON. GEORGE M. LEADER GOVERNOR VOL. 24, No. 2 FEBRUARY, 1955 PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION PAUL F. BITTENBENDER, President WILKES-BARRE LOUIS S. WINNER, Vice-Prat. LOCK HAVEN BERNARD S. HORNE PITTSBURGH I\ THIS ISSUE MILTON L. PEEK RADNOR WILLIAM D. BURK WATER POLLUTION AND THE ANGLER Bill Wolf 2 MELROSE PARK GEN. A. H. STACKPOLE DAUPHIN FAMILY FISHING IS FUN Keith C. Schuyler 4 WALLACE DEAN MEADVILLE, PA. * SPRING, COAL BARGES AND CATFISH Don Shiner 6 EXECUTIVE OFFICE C- A. FRENCH, Executive Director ELLWOOD CITY KEEP THAT REEL HUMMING Ben C. Robinson 8 H. R. STACKHOUSE Administrative Secretary R. C. McCASLIN THE UNDER-RATED SPECIES Richard Alden Knight 10 Comptroller • CONSERVATION—EDUCATION A GOOD TROUTIN' BET W. T. Patterson 12 DIVISION J. ALLEN BARRETT Chief • THE DAYS MR. LINCOLN FISHED Ruth E. Riley 14 FISH CULTURE C. R. BULLER Chief Fish Colturist NYMPHS-SECRET WEAPONS! joseph D. Bates, Jr. 15 GORDON L. TREMBLEY Chief Aquatic Biologist ARTHUR D. BRADFORD SPORTSMEN AT WORK—STREAM IMPROVEMENT 16 Pathologist „.. , CYRIL G. REGAN "-nief Div. of Land and Water Acquisition THE FLY FISHERS ENTOMOLOGY Chas. M. Wetzel 18 GEORGE H. GORDON Chief Photographer THOMAS F. O'HARA A FLY TYERS CABINET john p. Clark 20 Construction Engineer HATCHERY SUPERINTENDENTS Dewey Sorenson—Bellefonte INTERCLUB CANAL COMMISSION RECEIVES OUTDOOR LIFE'S Merrill Lillle—Corry & Union City Edwin H. Hahn—Erie >. J. Dingle—Huntsdale Howard Fox—Linesville CONSERVATION AWARD 22 J. L. Zettle— Pleasant Mount George Magargel—Reynoldsdale Bernard Gill—Tionesta John J. Wopart—Torresdale OPERATION TRANSFER Harry R. Frantz 24

ENFORCEMENT THE EDITOR'S ANGLE 30 W. W. BRITTON Chief Enforcement Officer 1955 FINANCIAL, STOCKING REPORT OF PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION ... 32 DISTRICT SUPERVISORS Northwest Division _ CARLYLE S. SHELDON Conneautville, Pa.; Phone 3033 Southwest Division ,,, MINTER C. JONES "I W. Lincoln St., Somerset, Pa.; Phone S324 North Central Division George W. Forrest, Editor 1339 East Philadelphia Street, York, Pa. <• C. W. SHEARER 200 Agnew St., Mill Hall, Pa.; Phone 37S South Central Division The PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER is published monthly by the Pennsylvania Fish Commission, Mi .. . HAROLD CORBIN South Office Building, Harrisburg,'Pa. Subscription: $1.00 per year, 10 cents per single copy. »«' 13th St., Huntingdon, Pa.; Phone 1202 Send check or money order payable to Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. DO NOT SEND Northeast Division STAMPS. Individuals sending cash do so at their own risk. Change of address should reach RALPH O. SINGER us promptly. Furnish both old and new addresses. Entered as Second Class matter at the Tafton, Pike Co., Pa.; Post Office, Harrisburg, Pa., under Act of March 3, 1873. Phone Hawley 3409 Southeast Division Neither Publisher nor Editor will assume responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts or 2« e ^ .. JOHN s- OGDEN illustrations while in their possession or in transit. Permission to reprint will be given "* t. College Ave., York, Pa.; Phone 7434 provided we receive marked copies and credit is given material or illustrations. Only communications pertaining to manuscripts, material or illustrations should be addressed to the Editor at the above address. *>

WATER POLLUTION and the ANGLER

By BILL WOLF

We'll be the first to admit the writer knows more about pollu­ tion, its causes and effects than any other man in the United States. Widely traveled, Mr. Wolf has been writing on and studying the problem for several decades. Here is another of his distinguished articles on the subject that is tops in just plain common sense.

PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER F all sportsmen, anglers are most be condoned, but a stream has amazing primary and secondary treatment. Such O concerned with water pollution. It powers to recover quickly from such a organic wastes consume the oxygen in also affects hunting and trapping by blow. As soon as the pollution is ended, a stream, and often make stream life killing or driving away waterfowl and the stream starts to come back. Fish impossible. animals that inhabit water; but it is from above and below the polluted area Something that has been at least two not totally destructive. It affects boat- move into the section where the fish centuries in the making can't be cured m g, but only after it has become com­ life was killed off and repopulate it. overnight. Furthermore, the angler pletely intolerable, a condition seldom With the exception of stocked trout must remember that he will be con­ reached from the boating standpoint. streams) there are too many fish in sidered last in any stream cleanup, no " affects swimming, but pools can be most of our waters. I'll prove that matter how important he considers built and filled with clean water when statement any time you want to go his sport. That is, his reason for want­ streams and lakes are no longer safe. fly fishing with me for bass, yellow ing clean water is the least important. perch, bluegills, and so on. We'll catch Anglers, however, are completely If it comes to a downright choice of so many runty, undersized fish that it helpless in the face of widespread whether there shall be fish in a stream, will be annoying. They actually need pollution because it can ruin their or industrial poisons that come from an s more room to grow, and they repopu­ Port completely. Anglers are first to industry supplying a livelihood to late an area poisoned by pollution so notice pollution because they see its thousands, you can bank on it, there quickly that it soon becomes over­ results in fish kills. Anglers are first won't be any fishing. This attitude was crowded again. to voice complaints when they discover brought home to me forcibly one time Pollution. And anglers usually are last This type of pollution is spectacular, in Florida. A paper-making firm pol­ to admit that anybody's doing anything and makes a deep impression, but the luted the waters terribly, killing fish about curing pollution. They want im- same angler who jumps up and down life, damaging boat hulls, and creating mediate results, both punitive and pre­ on the banks with rage when he wit­ an intolerable stench in the air. I was ventive. nesses it is likely to overlook com­ talking to one of the firm's workers. "That may stink to you," he said, Let us discuss water pollution solely pletely more insidious forms of stream nodding toward the plant, "but it from the angler's side of the case. From poisoning where his help in eliminating smells like ham and eggs on the table such a discussion may come a better it would have more lasting results. to me." Understanding of the problem, and its Some of this pollution has been going solutions. on literally for centuries, and it can't Before fishing comes public health. be eradicated in a day, but only by the There are, for example, various kinds Before fishing comes industrial use of patient, understanding work of many °f pollution, and those which are most water, like it or not. Before fishing persons, including the angler himself, spectacular in their effects upon fish comes a multitude of water uses that over a long period of time. often are the least harmful in the long are necessary to our state economy. run- It's pretty hard to convince a Pollution in Pennsylvania started This does not mean that water inevi­ fisherman of this, however. When he when the first man arrived here. We tably must be polluted—it only means sees a lot of dead fish floating in a won't go back as far as the Indians, that water is most necessary to our stream, or belly up on the shores of a but start with the first white settlers. survival as a social group, and not as «ke, he goes howling into action. Per­ Streams always were considered the a body of anglers. haps he and his friends trace the source running sewers of the Old World cities However, the angler's chief hope for °' pollution to a chemical plant which and settlements. They became the same streams that run clean, and lakes that has accidentally dumped a load of in this State. Any industry requiring are without heavy pollution, lies in Poison into the stream. I say acci­ the use of water, whether established just the other needs of water. Industry, dentally because, believe it or not, most in an early Pennsylvania town or out cities, dairies, all need clean water. h^rns do have public consciences and in the country, became a source of They can't get along with "dirty" Won't willingly poison streams. Usually, pollution. The farmer who cleared the water no matter how much they also a lot of their employes, and probably land and plowed it added to pollution dirty water, and their need for clean ™e owners, too, also fish. by increasing siltation. Mining added water eventually will help the pollu­ two new means of pollution—coal and Having found the source, the fisher­ tion problem more than any violent other silt, and "sulphur water," or acid man reports it to his club, to the local demands for immediate solution. We mine water. Dairying, metal working, fish warden, demands action by the are awakening to the fact that clean ^tate Fish Commission, the Sanitary canning, paper making, meat process­ water is as vital to our well-being as Water Board, the State Health Depart­ ing, everything that man did involving pure food. water poisoned the water. ment, police, everybody. This shows a There is no hope of our streams ever S°od healthy interest in his sport, but That process began almost three returning to a pristine state, such as e ^ occasional, one-shot injection of hundred years ago with the first Penn­ they were in a thousand years ago, so Poison into a stream is one of the sylvania settlements. It continues today, long as man uses them. The best that easiest forms of pollution to deal with, an although we are now trying to cure we can possibly expect is water that has ^ a simple report to one of the it, and doing better at it than most been used by municipalities, industries, agencies concerned would bring action. states. We are even adding new sources agriculture, mines and other water- •*ne action usually is an order to stop of pollution, however. I doubt whether consumers, and then has been returned the pollution, and a fine often is im­ anyone owning one of the new electric to the streams in a reasonably clear, posed. The fisherman invariably feels tft garbage grinders (comminutors) that non-toxic state, free from objectionable is fl n. ne is too sma mince animal and vegetable wastes and odors or content. If, after all the uses Actually, no great or lasting harm is flush it down the drain would consider to which water must be put, we still one by such accidental fish poison- himself a polluter of streams, but he is have streams capable of supporting n gs. This is not to say that they should unless his community gives sewage (Turn to page 22) FEBRUARY_1955 3 those of the stout hearts. You have to throw yourself into this thing from an entirely new approach. Whereas your preparation for the average ang­ ling excursion may consist of grab­ bing your lunch (so lovingly pre­ pared by your wife), rewarding the lady with a peck on the cheek and sprinting out the back way for the car (no real fisherman fails to keep his tackle in his car trunk today) to avoid the kids and their questions, a family fishing trip requires much more. First, you've gotta get bait. Not just the few worms you normally hide in an inside pocket when you go fly angling, you'll need a lotta bait. True, the fish aren't likely to require any more than normal, but you'll be feed­ ing worms to the tree limbs, rocks, stumps and assorted debris that grow where you are planning to go. Instead of one hook to worry about, you must count at least one for each member of the family. If you are planning to leave at eight o'clock in the morning, be sure to tell your wife that you'd like to get going by six. All things being equal, that will have you pulling away from the house by nine, or nine-thirty. There are a number of reasons for this; all of which are good ones. The house must be completely clean while no one is in it; the milk must be brought in; the dog must be fed, whether or not he is going along; the hedge shears must be returned to Mr. FAMILY FISHING Brown; and, oh my goodness, Nellie Flannagan just must be told that your wife will have two dozen cookies for the bake sale next week (you're licked right there, because Nellie's husband doesn't have to be at work until nine o'clock, and she never gets up before IS FUNI eight). However, all these little details will iron themselves out Oops . . . forgot! Junior simply must have on a clean shirt, and "Nellie spent so By KEITH C. SCHUYLER much time on the phone yesterday that I didn't get to shirts."

REATHES there a man with soul especially deep affection for his spouse Ignore that bachelor in the back B so dead, who never to himself and his offspring will venture the sec­ row who can't understand why a kid has said, "Guess I'll take the family ond . . . and mean it. has to have on a clean shirt just to fishing." With complete disregard for modesty go fishing. Ha! and the comradery said to exist among Your nine-thirty time may wear a And, breathes there yet a man with men of the great outdoors, this writer little thin (that nine o'clock was just soul so strong, who having tried, will includes himself as one of those of a wild guess), depending upon whether go along with the statement, "That the stout heart, infinite patience, etc. your wife has anything to wear wasn't so bad; I'll do it again." There, I've said it. Furthermore, I can Things may be further complicated if Many" are the fine fathers and hus­ prove that you can take the family you have little girls. But, heh, heh, bands who have made the first state­ fishing and actually enjoy yourself. here we are, all ready to go, a full ment in good faith and pure innocence. It ain't easy. You have to practice. two minutes before ten o'clock Allow But only that rugged individual with Now, in that last statement is con­ a few minutes more for Bobby to run stout heart, infinite patience and an tained the clue to becoming one of back to the bathroom, once around

1 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER the block to return for the lunch, and After the required number of trips to each is seated quietly and eagerly by we're on our way at last. get everything set up at the old fish­ a rod and line of his or her own, watching for that telltale nibble which And, heaven help you if you forget ing hole, he returns to the car, un­ may be the mild prelude to a furious to get gas in the car. You're always locks it, steps safely behind the nearest tree, and with just the right amount battle between kid an carp, catfish or holding things up! of encouragement, says, "Alright chil­ tin can, take a look. There they are; Those who have been following dren, you may go down to the river that's your family! Take a good look, closely what has been said up to this now if you wish." Mister. As a matter of fact, take a Point can see how really simple it is to In a large percentage of cases, they quick look. get started on a family fishing trip. will. Actually, you can almost always The elapsed time between getting the The timing, give or take a few min­ count on at least one of them con­ last line in the water until at least utes here and there . . . depending tinuing right on into the river. For half of them are back out on the bank, upon the number of kids, is perfect. the latter reason, it is well to have according to the last survey, varies From this point on things are almost your wife stationed at a strategic spot somewhere between thirty and ninety bound to run as smoothly as the en­ with a fairly heavy club. Depending seconds. gineering marvel which transports you upon her agility, or the size of the ' Things never grow monotonous. As to your fishing ground And, usually it club, you have a fifty-fifty chance of you flit from line to line, baiting does. Enroute you can ride along as avoiding the necessity for an im­ hooks, removing tangles, sponging carefree as the breeze which whips mediate fire to dry clothing. noses, drying tears and wiping mud Bobby's hat off when he sticks his from happy little faces, time passes head out the window for a better, In the next moment, your heart will swiftly. Until at last comes the great "Look at the moo cowses!" But, there swell with pride as you see the en­ moment. Providing that neither the dog ;s little to think about except the thusiasm that each has for fishing. You nor the youngest child has knocked Pleasure of the moment until your know now that it was all worth it. your rod into the water, you see that wife injects some little gem into the The really smart Daddy will have the you have a bite. A good one! Now conversation such as, "John, I'm wor­ little darlings draw straws to see who your family shall know why you ried. I can't remember whether I did gets the first line he throws in the brought them along in the first place. or didn't pull the plug on the ironing water with Mom and her club stand­ (Turn to page 25) cord." This will serve to keep your ing by to ensure a fair vote. Then, as wind somewhat occupied until much later in the day as you try to remem­ ber whether or not your fire insurance is paid. So, with the thrilling sound of fire engine sirens occasionally mingling in your mind with the child-like noise coming from the fighting kids in the hack seat, you speed along to the sweet shores of the Upanddown River. Al­ ready you have saved yourself an hour's drive by changing your origi­ nal destination from Mud Lake. The fish have been hitting like mad up at the lake. But, who wants to go way Up there when the river is so much closer; especially since there is not time enough to make the drive. Pulling as close to the stream as pos- sible, so that the kids can see the Water, you park safely. Quite safely, in tact. For in their childish eagerness to See the river, the little ones knock y°ur hat over your eyes and the right rear wheel settles firmly in a ground­ hog hole. There is now absolutely no chance of the car drifting over the river bank. At this point the experienced fam- iiy fisherman will remove all the tackle, lunch, baby bottles and other neces­ sary supplies from the car, then lock it- With the kids inside. Depending upon whether or not he is known in the area, he will also run the windows UP to shut out the sound of little v°ices to others who may be fishing within a five-minute drive of the spot.

FEBRUARY—1955 Spring, Coal Barges

and Catfish

PORTRAIT OF MR. WHISKERS, a By DON SHINER character on the list of thousands of Pennsylvania anglers in earl/ spring. Favored spot is the Susquehanna. (Illustrations by author)

HE ice break-up in the Susque­ T hanna River never fails to start a chain reaction. Coal dredging equip­ ment, anchored in backwaters and coves during the winter freeze, puts out from port and is seen chugging upstream to newly found beds of fine coal. Along about the same time the spring blossoms begin opening and the spring run of catfish and suckers be­ gin feeding, bringing schools of ang­ lers out in force to limber up their rods and reels. The ice break-up begins with the first real spring thaw and before the last piece breaks loose from the shore­ line, a few anglers appear to clear the surface of a favorite eddy and assist the ice downstream with the current. Word spreads quickly through the towns along the banks the catties and suckers are biting! Familiar sights then are groups of fishermen relaxing on the river banks or reclining on anchored coal barges, pulling in nice strings of husky catfish and suckers. One such place along the winding Susquehanna occurs in Columbia-Lu­ zerne Counties where the river is wide and deep, twisting and bending through the narrow valley between tall wooded ridges. Years ago coal

OLD TIMERS know when river is right! Here are the results. companies at Nanticoke, Plymouth, climb aboard anchored barges as a out, when the coal barges ply the water Pittston and other towns dumped huge means of getting lines farther out into they can always feel reasonably cer­ quantities of fine coal into the stream mid-stream. Only along the shoreline tain of catching a nice string of these a nd thick coal beds appeared on the will the flickering lights of fisher­ fish. Whether they are able to relax river bottom as the current twisted men's lanterns be seen after sundown. on a coal barge anchored near the along its crooked route. Back in the The sight of coal barges lit like tiny shoreline or recline on the banks near year 1879 coal dredging equipment first distant villages settling down for the a warming fire, the first few fishing appeared to work the underwater coal night will disappear. outings of the year are made in the "nines and salvage as much as 50,000 From ice-out until the last apple Susquehanna by literally thousands of tons of coal every year. Though many blossom falls to the ground, fishing for anglers. complained the dredging operation catfish is at its best in the Susque­ continually stirred the river bottom hanna. Staging their annual spawning niaking the water roily and dirty, the period late in the spring and summer, coal beds were actually causing the they usually feed heavily at this time river to become shallow and the of year to release them from fasting dredging helped to deepen it to its period. Swimming leisurely over the original bed. But according to river river bottom, the school of cats and observers, the fleet of coal boats will suckers eventually find the anchored gradually disappear within a few years baits of fishermen and when they do 'or no longer will it be profitable to it is a period of lively fun. Some pull Scoop the small amount of fuel remain- in husky May suckers, while others *ng on the river bottom. with lines nearby will net brown bull­ The death blow to dredging came heads, yellow cats or black suckers. about largely from the enforcement Fishermen are always surprised at of the "clean stream" law. With coal the number, size and variety of fish companies building settling basins near found in the Susquehanna. It holds 'be mines, they are salvaging the fine the favorite walleye, small and large ri ce coal which normally was washed mouth bass, pickerel, carp, catfish, *nto the stream. Thus an era which suckers, fallfish, eels, perch, rock bass, existed for some 70-years is rapidly sunfish, big shiners and even an oc­ drawing to a close. casional trout. Only in the spring, YOUNGSTERS always feel the urge of The slow moving paddle wheel flat however, when the suckers and catfish spring in their bones. Winter days D°ats will not be seen by fishermen are biting at their best can the fisher­ are hurrying along and soon it'll be as they relax along the banks in quest man feel reasonably sure what fish he summer vacation. Meanwhile . . . °i the spring catfish. Gone too will be will catch as his rod dips toward the catfish! tne outings when they are able to water. And, in spring, soon after ice-

WOMEN anglers, too, like to shake the winter cobwebs, there's nothing like a comfortable seat on a coal barge, the old fishing rod plus the family Rover. -iSflpNi - -=fifep '** ^jjiinT^1^^'] HSfcT ^|P1E/ & • •:s^^^t^D

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COAL-DREDGING BARGES in Susquehanna afford excellent fishing spots for anglers who like to keep out the early spring mud. Word spreads quickly when the cats commence to bite. Mullets, too, grab a bait and put up a good tussle.

FEBRUARY—1955 7 Keep That Reel Humming!

By BEN C. ROBINSON

HE sweetest song to sooth a fish­ for its repair or by turning over such over to the local jeweler, a belief that T erman's senses when fishing repair and reconditioning jobs to some goes far astream. seasons arrive is the pleasant and so-called mechanical genius specializ­ There are features to the modern untroubled hum of a good fishing reel. ing in lawn-mowers, motors and fly, bait casting and spinning reels the And it does not matter what type of garage assignments. A good fishing average jeweler and other precision reel has this happy refrain—bait cast­ reel is an instrument of high precision workers, even familiar with fine tools ing, fly fishing or spinning type, it workmanship! must be one that fits the rod being Our great fishing reels of the past used, suits the lines and lures cast decades were the finest examples of or fished. It must run and operate watch-maker and clock-maker crafts­ smoothly, free from annoying troubles manships. The progenators of a fine of mechanical nature. fishing reel were devised originally Any one who has fished to any ex­ by expert jewelers. As an example tent realizes the fishing reel is one of this we might revert for the mo­ of the most important features of a ment to the famed Meek Reel, un­ successful fishing trip. Without this questionably the first of our highest asset the best expert angler that ever grade bait casting reels. This reel was stood on a shoreline or waded a brook first developed, in its original charac­ or river or cast from a boat or canoe, ter, by a watchmaker by the name will be unable to produce. of Jonathan F. Meek, of Frankfort, It is not always a brand, splinter- Kentucky. This was preceded, how­ new reel that offers the angler his ever by the Snyder reel, a multiply­ best fishing enjoyments, either! As ing spool action type, first produced often as not, it is some rather ancient around 1821, by George Snyder, also example of good reel manufacturing a watchmaker and silversmith of talent that is preferred by the skilled Paris, Kentucky. Mr. Snyder was and practical exponents of this form born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania of outdoor recreation—fishing; some and it was after he had produced his dependable, but older type of reel the reel that Meek began producing a few owner has learned to use with all the reels in Frankfort, Kentucky for some deftness and skill that successful fish­ of his fishing friends and gradually ing ventures of the past have taught worked in a business of considerable its owner to practice. It is not neces­ proportions, until Benjamin C. Milan, sary to be always changing reels when another watchmaker, was affiliated some minor mechanical difficulties with him in producing the Meek & Milan reel, in 1844. arise. Neither is it advisable to try EXPERT REPAIRS on reels by expert re­ any careless and inadvisable reme­ The industry of making the earlier pairmen using all modern machine tools dies to repair or to renew the original models was carried on primarily by treat an ailing reel. This workman in character of these faithful fishing workmen trained in the fine and the Pflueger factory calipers a gear servants, as in error is often done. exacting skills of watchmaking and, cutting job for one of their standard Many -.a good fishing reel with still for this reason, probably, the character make reels. Gears go into reels coming several more years of flawless service of reels has always been associated in for repairs, the gears sets are from has been relegated to an ignoble and with the jewelry and watch repair­ parts in their best models modeled for untimely end by its owner who at­ ing profession. Fishermen often mis­ quietness and precision. tempts to tinker it up himself with­ construe this to mean repairing a out adequate tools and replacements reel is a task that should be turned

S PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER

> to work with, does not understand and for the job. This feature sadly handi­ models, however, are usually retained are not adequately equipped or caps the amateur repairman and by most factories and their repair and trained for mending, repairing or re- causes the owner to lose time getting rebuilding maintained as a part of Placing the parts of a good reel. When the damaged reel restored to A-l faithful service to their customers. a favorite reel developes a case of operational condition. The smallest Thus, it is possible for any one own­ mechanical troubles just consigning it and the most inconsequental parts ing a good reel, made by a reputable to the care of a workman who is often renders a good reel obsolete. If and stable manufacturing organiza­ equipped for and capable of doing lost, such accessories are often a prob­ tion and sold through the channels of Precision work on some delicate item lem of major worry and effort; writ­ established dealers, to have these °i timekeeping or fine implements ing, telephoning, etc., to tackle shops, veteran, but somewhat outmoded, serv­ does not qualify him for the job. servicing departments seeking an ants of many years fishing experiences Only the services of a specialist in extra pawl, some minor screw or to repaired and even completely rebuilt. this particular field of precision-fine simply try replacing a broken handle, If a reel is a good quality product work should be entrusted with the a tension cap lost overboard during purchased from a reliable agent there care or repair of a prized fishing reel! a fishing trip. is little possibility it will fail to find When some maladjustment occurs in To overcome these delays the easiest the proper kind of treatment. It should the reel it should be immediately way to get a reel rejuvenated is to be kept in good condition by the owner Placed in the hands of one of the simply mail it parcel post to the reel and not neglected, so often the case experts most of the larger manu­ repair department of the factory that with many melancholy relics, found facturers of reels employ in their originally made it. knocking about obsolete corners of Reel Repair Departments. There the A reel sent to the original producers tackle boxes or dusty tackle drawers. reel will be in competent hands; with will be handled quickly after its re­ A routine trip to the repair depart­ a ll the necessary tools and parts at ceipt. In some of the largest factories ment every three or four seasons is the workman's finger tips to perform there are as many as 400 invalid reels one of the surest ways of keeping a a professionally neat and thorough received each day during the repair­ reel operating at top efficiency. The J°b of repairing, reconditioning or ing season. A reel that is more than expenses included are not excessive, completely rebuilding. In these de­ 25 years old will not be acceptable for provided the reel is not long neglected partments the best skill is employed repair as a general rule for after that where it's a hopeless case for recon­ a nd every part of a reel, whatever span of life parts are often obsolete ditioning. model it might be, will be available and out of stock. Parts of old standard After use, every reel should be given the same careful attention as the rod, lines and lures. All parts of an anglers equipment should receive similar at­ REEL ASSEMBLY includes some 400 each day for repairs. It is tention. A soft, clean flannel rag or interesting to watch this girl perform assembly jobs with a square of clean white cotton fabric, neatness and dispatch. All necessary tools for the careful lightly moistened with a pure, light work are at her finger tips in a reel factory. lubricating and protecting reel oil should be used to cleanse the reel of particles of sand, grit and mud and whatever moisture that might still ad­ here after use, then allowed to dry. If this is faithfully done, the reel wiped off much the same as a good gun after use in the field, then the various parts get a light, but adequate treatment of good reel oil to pinions, bearings and line leveler, there is no reason why the reel will not retain its beauty and efficiency for many years. The gears should be greased every season or even twice a season if much fishing is done. These are simple matters any aver­ age angler owner can care for himself, at home, in camp or even at odd moments along lake or stream. I have found that a light, clear grade of rep­ utable reel oil or a good gun or type­ writer lubricator is best. Do not use a heavy "any kind of oil" that is cer­ tain to gum up the works. Large reel companies all produce and sell oils especially for lubricating and oiling their makes of reels. The light, clear 3-In-One oil one finds any place in the country; in the small country store (Turn to page 27)

FEBRUARY—1955 The

UNDER-RATED

Species

By RICHARD ALDEN KNIGHT

•»' £;.:.iM

T SEEMS to me as each year passes Rough fish, as a whole, are not sung and at least two extend their range I and this sport of angling grows a in ballads of praise as are the more into Canada and Alaska, while some little more complicated, its very com­ exotic members of the finny tribe. are found southward into Mexico? I plexity seems to glorify it even more. Rarely do you meet a rank devotee in didn't either. I often wonder if the neophyte angler the fine art of carp catching or sucker The Sucker family as we know it of this day and age is not trying to enticing. These are the forgotten men here in Pennsylvania is but a small build the house from the roof down, in outdoor literature . . . the under­ segment of the clan. You have to in­ so to speak. Back when I was a boy, privileged boys from around the block clude the Redhorse, the Buffalo, The avidly interested in the contents of my . . . and it's not right! Suckers are not Quill Backs and the Fresh Water father's creel at the end of a day, I only fun to catch, but they are good Mullet. Not all of them are as small never seemed much concerned in how to eat. Why in Hades more people as we know them either. The Buffalo he acquired his catch. What interested do not rise out of the lethargy that reaches lengths of three feet and me then was the fact that he caught seizes them in the pre-trout season better and not infrequently hits the fish and brought them home to show months and take a crack at them, I'm scales at the fifty pound mark. About me. All the rest was incidental. After sure I cannot say. But they do not all we have to contend with around all, when you skim the cream of and they annually miss a right fair this part of the country is up to five method away from the catch, the re­ amount of fun. pounds. sultant byproduct is basically relative. You know, not too many people Strangely enough, suckers do not The hours of preparation, the time know one whale of a lot about the rank anywhere near the top of the spent acquiring skills, the very minutes common sucker. I'll be frank and say food fish list in any area. Being a devoted to landing a fish ... all of that research accounts for a good part coarse fish and lacking the romantic these arrive at the same point . . . of my knowledge. For example, did aura seemingly necessary for knife the fact that you caught a fish. The you know that the family as a whole and fork appeal, they enjoy a rather sport which we eagerly await each is composed of some seventy species, shabby reputation among the boys who year is fundamentally the same as TWO of which occur in Eastern Asia? are supposed to know. However, these it was back when the cave men clob­ Did you know that there is scarcely a are the same authorities who assured bered prehistoric species with flint state in this country of ours which me that Jack Crevalle aren't fit to eat spears. does not house several of these species and that anyone who would eat a

10 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER salt water catfish would bark at the taught me two methods which thus far pile is culled over by anglers in search moon, i stand as a committee of one have paid dividends. I'll pass them of early season bait. to assure you that the lads are full along to you for trial. Hooks are largely a matter of choice. °f hot air. Proper cleaning methods First, and not uncommon, is the For my own liking, I have always felt can transform a sucker into a delicacy, simple expedient of splitting a stick that a sucker, small-mouthed as he is, but sitting down to a table and being and wedging it in the ground. Pass does not lend himself readily to large served on an improperly prepared fish a loop of line into the split portion hooks. Therefore, I would recommend is somewhat akin to feasting heartily and cap it with a piece of white rag that you stay to sizes eight and ten. °n chopped bailing wire wrapped in or paper. Set this so that the slightest Use a fair sized gob of worms. If the corn meal. It just isn't good. We'll get bit of activity on your line will pause wigglers run large, bulk one of them to that later. Let's catch the beastie on hook in more or less of a ball. If first. the stick to bob and thus attract your attention. The other method calls for they are small, don't be shy about us­ Suckers, as we all know, are bottom a finer bit of sensory perception. The ing two or even three. feeders . . . hence the name. Their line is looped and held between the I cannot believe that a sucker would mouths, set almost at the base of their lips. Thus any stealthy activity on the be too line conscious. However, it is heads, enables them to move along a part of a feeding sucker will be quick­ always a good idea to rate your an­ stream bottom much the same as a ly detected by the fisherman. Any way tagonist a bit better than he really is. vacuum cleaner. They feed primarily you do it, I find it still requires a fine Use a three foot piece of six or eight on aquatic vegetation, with an added sense of touch to realize your bait is pound nylon as a leader. If nothing dollop of larvae, worms and eggs being had. else, it will serve to keep your bait thrown in for variety. During the Soft-mouthed beasty that he is, a closer to the bottom. Be sure and use winter months they congregate in the sucker does not require much physical adequate weight to keep your bait in deep pools. As the ice goes out and exertion to hook. They are great ones one position where you can keep tabs the first hint of Spring comes in sight, to mouth a bait and I doubt if any on it. Don't hold back on this score. they start their upstream migration hard and fast rules can be set down Quite often you will be dealing with still in large schools. As they are as to when, how and where to hook heavy current flow and your lure will spring spawners, the large females are one. That seems to rest pretty much wander unless sufficient lead is used. heavy with roe—which I have been between the fish and the fisherman. As I mentioned before, a sucker is assured is a tasty bite when handled Take my word for it though, you will a good morsel when handled right. by proper cooking. miss far more than you hook the first Here's how I have found it to work With this migratory activity, a sucker few times you try it. About all I have the best. Skin out the fish, don't scale ls not too difficult a quarry to locate. been able to learn is that it is manda­ him. There seems to be a residual His major protection lies in the clos- tory that you keep a tight line so you muddy favor in the skin that does not lng of all trout waters in this state on add tang to the dish. As the lateral midnight March 14th and the equally line of the fish from the gills to the important fact that a great majority anus is the location of bunches of of the waters where he is sought are fagot bones, filet your catch starting swollen with spring freshets, making the blade about one quarter of an inch normal handling of the average pool above this line and continuing back mipossible. Therefore, the sucker con­ past the anus before cutting down to vert has to resort to the trial and the base of the fish. Remove the fillet error method of finding his fish. thus formed, dip literally in egg, roil in a mixture of cracker crumbs and Under existing legislation in this cornmeal and fry in deep, HOT fat. state, a properly licensed angler is Cook the filets fast, thus sealing in allowed to fish with two rods and one may feel the fish. Once he feels just their naturally mild flavor. Serve with hand line, all at the same time, if all right to you . . . well, that's it . . . a tossed salad and home fries and you °f these lines are directly attended. nail him! will find that life holds one more This is a definite advantage to the Now I have been told that a sucker pleasure you may have been passing nsherman in search of a school of will take a dough ball. I guess he will. by all these years. But most important, spring run suckers. With three rigs After all, muskies have been caught get out of that chair and try this type working, he can spot his baits in on door hinges with hooks attached. of fishing. It's not fast and furious, different sections of the pool and await Not that this resulted in a rush on but it's fun, and ever more important, results. Once having hooked a fish, the door hinge market. I just mention l it gets you out in the fresh air. - t is a simple matter to give him slack it in passing. However, the dough ball line and let him rejoin his kin, thus school swears they can outcatch those locating them definitely. Once located, uninformed members of their fraternity the school can be fished effectively two to one. I have never seen what With all three lines. they can do in action. I know, as does A sucker is far from what one might almost every fisherman, that the lowly call a vicious striker. In fact, he goes angleworm will account for a tremen­ t° the opposite extreme. His strike is dous majority of the spring run fish almost indiscernable and unless the taken. A few are hooked on preserved angler is paying considerable attention fish eggs, but by and large the worm to the task at hand, the bait will be seems to be the piece de resistance. removed neatly from his hook with­ Unfortunately, worms are not prone out his notice being called to the lar­ to be in locations easily reached this ceny. Old experts in this art have time of year. Many a farmers manure

FEBRUARY—1955 II Taylor Run and the North Branch. A Good Iron*in* Bet Stream conditions were to their lik­ ing and they established themselves in the best stretches. Today the stream is heavily stocked by the Commission but the bigger The Slippery Rock Creek portion of the stocking is taken by the fishermen. Through the years the trout surviving from season to season have grown into real lunkers. These By W. T. PATTERSON lunker trout have established them­ selves in the deeper, protected stretches and offer a challenge to the most skilled trout fishermen. A good bet that is overlooked by all ROTHER Angler, if you are a Conoquenessing Creek near the vil­ but a few fishermen are the numerous B trout enthusiast and like to fish lage of Wurtemberg but the heaviest feeders to this lengthy stream. Both a stream with varied waters you'd best concentration occurs in the first men­ brown and rainbow trout have estab­ give the Slippery Rock Creek a little tioned area. Upstream from the junc­ lished themselves in these feeders with consideration this season as well as in tion of Wolf Creek with the Slippery brownies, of course, in predominance. those to come. This lengthy and rug­ Rock, fishing pressure lessens but the However, if you're after trout and de­ ged body of water might well be trout potential is there. sire to fish in as rugged and pictur­ called an all-purpose trout stream. Its For several years before the stream esque a setting as can be found in proximity to Pittsburgh, the Beaver was officially stocked by the Fish Com­ our state, then confine your efforts Valley, Youngstown, Ohio, and sur­ mission it was a "personal" trouting to the water from Kennedy Mills to rounding territory offers a fine fishing paradise. You could go astream almost the junction of the Slippery Rock potential to this heavily populated any day throughout the season and and the Conoquenessing Creeks. This area. encounter few, if any, fishermen. The stretch can be broken down into sec­ Possibly from lack of complete in­ few encountered were usually carp tions. Each section offers a good day's formation, the majority of fishermen fishermen as the stream had been pre­ fishing and some of the deep, raging, converge on this stream in the area viously polluted and these seemed to boulder-lined holes will defy the ef­ lying between Kennedy Mills, Rock have been the first species to come forts of any fisherman. There are Springs Bridge on Route 19 and the back or resist pollution. It was such many of these holes which, by their Camp Rentz-Ramblers Rest section. a top-notch stream at this time that very nature, assure the trout of a True, lots of angling pressure is con­ I never kept a trout under twelve natural death. Current "boils" and the centrated in the stream section from inches. Undoubtedly, these fish worked surging cross current prevent even the Kennedy Mills to its junction with the down from previous stockings of bait fisherman from successfully cover­ ing such stretches. From Kennedy Mills to Rose Point Bridge on route 224 the trout enthu­ siast can find a solid day's fishing. The water is varied in nature. Some stretches are open and easily fished. Others require the best in casting ability and patience to successfully cover the water, while still others are all but impossible to fish. A word of CAUTION relative to the Slippery Rock from Kennedy Mills and on downstream. Don't become careless! After a heavy dew or rain the rock strewn shoreline is a death trap. One slip in many places is your last slip. Aside from the ever present danger of drowning, there is the constant pos­ sibility of a serious fall. The shore­ line in places is covered with rocks half again as large as a two room bungalow. You must crawl over and Connequenessing Cr. Glade Run D-Elllott Mills Slippery Rock Cr. South Branch E-Harlansburg among such obstacles and the danger Muddy Creek Plndlay Run F-Kennedy Mills of a serious fall is ever present. As Taylor Run Long Run G-Rose Point a common sense measure I would say— Elliott Run North Branch H-McConnell Mills Wolf Creek East Branch fish the stretch with a companion and Black Run Keister Mills don't encourage youngsters to fish it Hogue Run B- Dougherty Mills Big Run C- Croll Mills unless carefully supervised. Slippery Rock Creek Watershed. From Rose Point Bridge to Mc- 12 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER Rugged fishing water. Lunker trout stretch.

Deep and dangerous. Picturesque and productive.

Connell Mills is a repetition of the up­ eighteen inches, give or take. Branch and feeders to its junction stream stretch from Kennedy Mills From McConnell Mills downstream with the Conoquenessing Creek would and offers a good day's fishing to all past Breakneck Bridge to the so-called take the better part of twenty to but the "race horse" type of angler. Eckert or Eckerd Bridge is another twenty-five days of fishing. If that The lower end of the stretch as you good day's fishing over water, that seems like a long time; more than a approach McConnell Mills becomes duplicates the previous stretches. season for most anglers; then con­ quite rugged and here you will find Downstream from the Eckert Bridge sider that the stream drains approxi­ some pools that are really tough to to the junction with the Conoquenes­ mately five hunderd square miles from fish. Last year I was fortunate enough sing the trout enthusiast will find some the counties of Venango, Butler, Law­ to hook a huge trout in this stretch. fine fishing waters. This stretch is rence and Mercer, and its main course How big I'll never know! I'd venture wider in most places and open enough from the North Branch downstream is a guess at twenty-two to twenty-six that it can be classed as ideal fly about thirty-five miles in length. 'riches but by the very nature of the casting water. There's your stream, Brother Angler! w ater in which I was forced to fight Truthfully, to fish the Slippery Rock Give it a try and you'll be back for "im the size may have been about Creek and fish it right from the North more.

FEBRUARY—1955 13 fair with a continuous roof and a sort of porch or "breezeway" between. Miller, a blacksmith and wagon maker, built a shop near the cabin and in a short time was kept busy from morning until night. New Salem during the 1830s was a business center, for there were mills, several small stores, and later a mill for carding wool. One mill ground grain into meal and flour and the other could saw rough planks from logs of timber. Kelso could have worked in the blacksmith shop, but he preferred to roam the woods, and stories handed down by pioneers have it that both the Kelso and Miller tables were plen­ tifully supplied with food. What they could not use of the supplies brought in by Kelso found ready sale or trade for other things they required. And KELSO-MILLER cabin at New Salem. Jack Kelso lived in a nearby Springfield, 111., afforded an sort of duplex apartment and met Abe Lincoln here additional market. Venison hams were for many a chin-fab or fishing trip. always on sale at the Kelso cabin. Life was leisurely in those days and Abraham Lincoln, who had come to New Salem a year earlier, had time to accompany Kelso on many of his hunting and fishing trips. True, Lincoln himself was not the days greatly interested in either sport, but he was interested in the "book larnin'" which Kelso possessed. Little is known of how Jack Kelso acquired his love of literature, where MR. LINCOLN FISHED he came from to New Salem or where he went after living there some eight years is also unknown. The imprint Kelso has left on his­ tory is that he taught Lincoln exten­ By RUTH E. RILEY sive quotations from Burns and Shakespeare and that Abraham Lin­ coln loved both that and his philo­ sophical talks. Many of Jack Kelso's neighbors considered him a "lazy good for LLINOIS was a sportsman's para­ Vegetables were not considered as im­ nothin'" who let his wife take in I dise when Abraham Lincoln arrived portant in the diet then as now, and boarders. They overlook the fact the there from Indiana with his parents in a salad no doubt would have caused boarders were very well fed through the spring of 1830. considerable amusement as a "strange the efforts of that same lazy man. The wild pigeon was so abundant dish." The river Sangamon where Kelso that often their flights were so large In springtime there was the usual caught fine strings of black perch or it is reported they obscured the sun serving up of greens, hominy, pota­ the abundant yellow bellied catfish for a time. toes and beans, considered a nice sup­ was named by the Indians from their Along the streams, which were teem­ plement to the diet. But meat was the word "Sangamo" which has been in­ ing with fish, were wild fowl, mink, center point around which meals were terpreted "The country where there is otter and beaver. built. plenty to eat." The rabbit and squirrel were plenti­ Most interesting of the several per­ Kelso fished always with a hook, ful, as were the deer, prairie chicken, sons who influenced Abraham Lincoln and he had -a reputation for always quail and woodcock. in his early years was Jack Kelso, a getting a nice catch even when others Meat on the table was the necessary hunter and fisherman who came to were catching only small fish. thing in the pioneer home. The family New Salem, 111., in 1832. Wild fowl in those early years were which had meal or flour to make its Kelso and his brother-in-law, Joshua so plentiful that often they were a bread and a man in the family who Miller, with their wives, built a sort nuisance to the settlers. Water birds was a good hunter feared no famine. of duplex residence, a two- cabin af­ (Turn to page 25)

It PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER Nymphs — Secret Weapons!

With Spinning or Fly Rod

By JOSEPH D. BATES, Jr.

HE so-called intricacies of nymph Cast the nymph upstream, upstream ing down to them; move into position Tfishing have discouraged many fish­ and across, or cross-stream. It's import­ to take it, and they rise to it to suck ermen from enjoying one of the most ant to let the nymph drift naturally, it in. If they find its an artificial, they Productive forms of angling. That's without drag. When a slight drag spit it out just as quickly. So strike what happened to me, until I found starts, twitch the nymph slowly to lightly at the slighest provocation. out that catching trout on nymphs the surface. That, very often, is the Strike at the least touch, or even if really isn't so difficult, after all! In time the trout takes it—just when he the floating part of the leader twitches fact, its amazingly easy, when re­ thinks it is rising to the surface to almost imperceptably. Strike even on duced to fundamentals. So let's do a hatch into an insect and to fly away. a hunch, or by instinct. Frequently, bit of reducing and find out just how Trout usually strike nymphs very you'll be fast to a fish you otherwise easy it is! lightly. They watch the nymph drift­ (Turn to 'oage 26) Many varieties of winged insects start life as eggs which hatch into nymphs clinging to vegetation, rocks and debris underwater in a stream. What insects? They are Alder, Caddis, Crane, Stone and Fish flies; the May­ flies of several species, and many others. Their identifications are not important-—now. Look under rocks and among debris in quiet pools and you'll find many nymphs of these insects— in all sorts of shapes and sizes. In warm weather, the fully grown nymphs rise to the surface of the Water, shuck their nymphal skins, and hatch out as flies. Trout eat them like kids eat peanuts at a ball game—at any stage of growth, and wherever they can be found. Many varieties of the young nymphs are relatively active. They scurry about near underwater hiding places and sometimes are hard to catch. But when they are fully grown and rise to the surface to hatch, most of them are relatively inactive. They drift downstream just under the surface—and that's usually the way to fish them. Nymphs and Similar Lures Dressed by A. P. Ross, Springston, Idaho Nymph fishing requires a long, fine leader of nine feet or more, tapered Orange Sucker Ginger Quill Kootenai to 3X or 4X, or finer. Since the nymphs Nymph Nymph Nymph Usually drift near the surface, a float­ Domino Nymph White Gloved Sassamaskin ing line is preferable. Many anglers Howdy Nymph Shrimp (Brown) grease all but the terminal two or Red Quill Yellow Drake Sassamaskin three feet of the leader, too. Nymph Nymph Shrimp (Tan)

FEBRUARY—1955 15 SANDY CREEK PROJECT, on Little Sandy Creek, near Route 62, SPLASH DAMS and deflectors plus obstructions tes. Polk, Pa., was accomplished with much hard labor by members r may hide are still being constructed, the old |ler of the Sandy Creek Sport Club. Pennsylvania Sportsmen are be­ sary. For full story see December, 1955 Pe"' coming convinced that "stream improvement" is the only answer page 5. to relieving pressure on our trout streams. Fish Commission ex­ perts and technicians gave advise on construction problems.

BLAIRS GAP RUN, of fine scenie value was of little use for ICE WAT%,* stocking fish because of shallow bed. Dams, erected through dam buii'fUi,, -photos courtesy of the Altoona Mirror. en volunteer labor, provided deep pools for fish life. the fonr.4- |„ , of mem'' "Ugu Drought

16 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER On Stream Improvements

USED POLES supplied by the Polk electric utility were given to the project and a Polk garage supplied a wrecker to lift them into the stream for dams. A tremendous undertaking but com­ —photos courtesy of Dr. Robert S. Dow. pleted through hard work and cooperation.

n ( bp' elp ei., s opi veins during this early spring FISH DAMS, more than a score were constructed on Poplar Run Run kL, - Outgrowth of the project was by Blair County sportsmen. Boy Scouts, interested in conservation, I 'n tk C-'Ub '" the Altoona area consisting also gave aid in this project. ^9h_ e'r labors on the stream projects. h0u V t th e state the past decade have «nd more similar projectf

F EBRUARY—1955 17 BLACK QUILL DUN Pale Evening Dun < (male sub imago) Blasturus cupidus Ephemerella dorothea

^ Order—Ephemeroptera Family—B aetidae Genus—Blasturus Light Storie'flj Species—cupidus Isoperla signata Description: Length of wings, 3/8" to 7/16". General color black; wings, dark bluish grey; abdomen, deep, black brown, conspiciously ringed; legs, brownish black; tails, fine, greyish Black Drake 6 : Green Drake $ (Imago) black and ringed with brown bands. (Sub Imago) Remarks: This fly, also known as Ephemera guttulata Ephemera guttulata the Blue Quill, may be noticed over the slower moving streams from the latter part of April, up to the middle s& of June. On Perms Creek it is very r^- common and is generally known as the Black Quill. It exists for two days Black Quill Dun Pale Evening Dun in this stage, then it sheds the sub imago skin and ventures forth as the Early Brown Spinner. Imitation: Hook, No. 14; wings, dark coot; body, peacock quill dyed bluish black; hackle, dark blackish brown; tails, mandarin duck. Light S t o:: e fly ^.Jjjpl PALE EVENING DUN (male sub imago)

Order—Ephemeroptera Family—Baetidae Genus—Ephemerella Species—dorothea Green Drake

Description: Length of wings, Yi" to %". wings, grey; abdomen, yellowish orange; legs, yellowish grey; tails, grey. Remarks: This fly usually appears when the Black Quill is on the water. It is in season from the middle of May up into the second week of June, a period when dry fly fishing is at its The Fly Fishermans peak. It is a great fly on Spring Creek. The artificial fly will be found most successful when these insects are emerging from the water, since they seldom reappear again until after the sub imago skin is shed. Entomology Imitation: Hook, No. 14; wings, starl­ ing; body, yellow floss silk ribbed with fine gold wire; hackle, dun; tail, dun hackle fibres.

PART 4 THE LIGHT STONE FLY

By CHAS. M. WETZEL Order- -Plecoptera Family-—Perlidae Genus- -Isoperla Species —signata

18 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER Description: Length to tip of wings, 'z to %". General color, dark brown; w'ngs, greenish yellow with conspici- °us black veins; abdomen, yellow, and flushed with pink on the sternites; 'egs, brown; tails, brown. Remarks: The nymph of this fly .Dark - Green Drake d Brown Drake cJ emerges from the water about the first of May; and the cast off nymphal skins He-xagenia recurvata Hejcaggaia recurvat; are a common sight on bridge abut­ ments and on rocks protruding above "*e water. The fly is in season only about a week and favors those stretches ln a stream where the water flows Glii-c. 4 u swiftly over a rocky bottom. Imitation: Hook, No. 12; wings, man­ Stenonema fuacum darin duck tied in flat; body, dubbing °* a blend of yellow and pink wool; StoneFly •hackle, brown; tails, short brown hackle fibres. Perla capita*ta- Grey Drake$~ Ephemera

BLACK DRAKE guttula U\ (male imago)

Order—Ephemeroptera Family—Ephemeridae Genus—Ephemera Species—guttulata

Description: Length of wings, %" to Dark Green Drake ™ • Wings, pale yellowish but so "Wtched with dark brown as to appear wack; thorax, reddish brown; abdo­ Ginger quill men, pale yellowish white; front legs, •Spinner "ark blackish brown; middle and hind egs, yellowish white; tails, brown, con­ sciously ringed.

Remarks: This fly is the spinner of %6» 116 male Green Drake. Its wings have ^:- °w lost their green color and appear •Stone. Ply Grey Drake Mainly blackish, whence its name. The older the fly becomes, the blacker its ^ings and the whiter its body. In Description: Length of wings, Vs" to down on the underside of blades of New York State the Drakes are known 1 1/16"; wings, pale green with con- grass which protrude above the water, as Coffin Flies, while in Pennsylvania spicious blackish brown patches; but as soon as the weather grows warm th ey are called Shad Flies; these names thorax, brown; abdomen, tergites, brown they take wing and rise, higher and are general and apply to Ephemera with a bright yellow median strips and higher until finally they are lost in futtulata regardless of whether the fly sternites, yellowish; front legs, femur the tree tops. Nothing more is seen s a male or female or if an imago or brown and tibia yellowish, middle and of them until they reappear over the tk *ma&°- **- *s *n season only about hind legs yellowish; tails, olive brown. water a few days later, in which state hree days, but good sport may be had Remarks: This fly comes from a they are known as Grey Drakes. Wlth its imitation a little longer. whitish transparent nymph which bur­ Imitation: Hook No. 8; wings, teal Imitation: Hook, No. 10; wings, dark rows in the stream bed. It emerges stained green; bodly, brown raffia grass eal; body, white raffia grass with fine from the water as early as May 20th, ribbed with fine gold wire; hackle, silv, er wire ribbing; hackle, light depending on the temperature and ginger; tails, dark mandarin fibres. bad ger; tails, mandarin duck fibres. and continues for about four days in the sub imago stage. Like the Black DARK GREEN DRAKE GREEN DRAKE Drake it is known throughout Penn­ (male sub imago) (female sub imago) sylvania as the Shad Fly and appears in almost unbelievable numbers. On Spring Creek known far and wide as Order—Ephemeroptera Order—Ephemeroptera the famed "Fishermen's Paradise" this Family—Ephemeridae Family—Ephemeridae fly grows to an unusual size, the wings Genus—Hexagenia Genus—Ephemera measuring slightly over an inch in Species—recurvata Species—guttulata length. On dark cloudy days, these flies may be noticed hanging upside (Turn to page 28)

FEBRUARY—1955 19 A FLY-TYEBS CABINET BY JOHN F. CLA11K

USES PLASTIC BOXES FOR DRAWERS - FRONT COVER IS REMOVABLE a SERVES AS BENCH FOR VISE .

NOTE .CABINET WAS DESIGNED TO USE l^'x 4 Vl\ 8%" PLASTIC BOXES

1 t I'"

—4 7 -H

_t L»> ^4 "V 9*' I_ L" :r -* —1 i h 1*

TT 5iL *fK 3/4 -skL- io"

PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER ATTACH HANDLE" CUT SLOT IN TOP TO WITH WOOD SCREWS FIT FASTENER.

SHELVES ARE % THICK. SCREEN FASTENER ALL OTHER USED AS CATCH. MATERIAL IS ^" THICK.

ASSEMBLE CABINET WITH GLUE SHELVES 6d FINISH INTO SLOTS. NAILS .

FRNT COVER FITS INTO SLOT IN BOTTOM OF BRASS OR IRON CABINET. STRIPS FASTENED TO (MAKE IT A FAIRLY FRONT COVER FIT SNUG FIT.) SLOTS CUT IN BOTTOM OF CABINET.

THIS CABINET CAN BE BUILT VERY SMOOTH .STARTING WITH MEDIUM a CHEAPLY OUT OF SCRAP LUMBER , FINISHING WITH FINE SAND PAPER OR WHICH YOU CAN PICK UP IN MOST ANY STEEL WOOL. NEXT APPLY SEVERAL LUMBER YARD OR CARPENTER SHOP COATS OF VARNISH OR ENAMEL. pOR PRACTICALLY NOTHING . MOST OF - NOTES - THE TACKLE STORES SELL THE PLAS" USE A SMALL FLY TYING VISE TIC BOXES a YOU CAN BUY THE SCREEN THAT CAN BE TAKEN APART a STOW­ FASTENER a HANDLE AT ANY HARDWARE ED IN ONE OF THE BOXES STORE. USE ONE BOX FOR DRY FLY MAT­ IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO MAKE THE ERIALS-ONE FOR WET FLY a ONE FOR CABINET LARGER OR SMALLER "CHANGE STREAMER a BUG MAT. - USE THE LAST THE DIMENSIONS TO FIT THE PLASTIC BOX FOR TOOLS . BOXES YOU WOULD LIKE TO USE . THIS MAKES A COMPACT OUTFIT - FINISHING- THAT CAN BE CARRIED IN THE CAR OR COUNTERSINK ALL NAILS a FILL BOAT ON YOUR FISHING TRIPS . HOLES WITH WOOD PUTTY- SAND - GOOD LUCK- JOHN F.CLARK

FEBRUARY—1955 n Interclub Canal Commission Receives POLLUTION AND Outdoor Life's Conservation Award THE ANGLER (From page 3)

fish life, and the insects, crustaceans, and other plant and animal life on which fish feed, then we can consider ourselves fortunate. Take it or leave it, that's the situa­ tion, and always will be the situation. However, there is nothing black about this outlook. This is normal where all men share one resource. And you do share water, if you are an angler, be­ cause you also are a home owner, you rent, or you live in an apartment or hotel. More than likely, you are em­ ployed by some industry or business that must use water. Even if your firm isn't involved in potential pollution of water, you are a party of the second part no matter what you do. Nearly everything you use, wear or consume has contributed to the pollution prob­ lem somewhere because water was used in its processing or manufacture— from the tomato juice you drink for J. ALLEN BARRETT, Chief, Conservation Education Division, Pennsylvania breakfast, to the woolen clothes you wear, to the paper on which you write. Fish Commission (left) presents to Leo Gallegher, President, Inter-Club When you take a bath, the soapy water Canal Commission (center) Outdoor Life's Conservation Award while flows down a drain. When the drain clogs, it is opened with a harsh caus­ Arthur Grahme, Field Editor, Outdoor Life Magazine looks on. tic. When the dishes at your table are washed the water and small food par­ ticles go down the drain. When your clothing is washed—at home or in a laundry— soaps, detergents and bleaches go down the same drain. The On January 5 at the Hellertown Pennsylvania Fish Commission made sewage created eventually reaches a (Pa.) American Legion Home the In­ the presentation and in his address, stream, whether it has been treated ter-Club Canal Commission received said: "The. Fish Commission is very or not. Outdoor Life's conservation Award for proud that this national recognition You are a very real part of the pollu­ their rehabilitation of the Freemans- should come to a group within our tion problem. In many cases where an burg section of the old Lehigh canal. state. The outdoor sports which we en­ industry is accused of poisoning a Mr. Arthur Grahme, Field Editor joy are provided by our natural out­ stretch of water, it is no more guilty for Outdoor Life, visited the canal last door resources, which are ours only of wilful and malicious pollution than year and was very much impressed during our lives, and which belong just the angler is when he cleans his fish in with the magnitude and possibilities as much to those yet unborn. It is not the kitchen sink. This is not an apol­ of the project. It was not just the two our privilege to ruin and destroy, but ogy for industry or cities which ignore miles of the canal that the sportsmen, rather our task to rescue and reclaim the need for clean water, nor an at­ ably assisted by the junior sports­ them from abuse and to re-establish tempt to tar the angler with the same men, cleaned up but it was also the them for posterity." brush so often used to blacken indus­ seed it produced. As a result of the The Inter-Club Canal Commission tries and municipalities. It is an effort Inter-Club Canal Commission's en­ was organized by six local sportsmens to show that pollution is just as much deavors, The Lehigh River Restoration clubs in the Bethlehem area. They are the responsibility of the angler as it Association was organized by the the Monocacy Field and Stream Assn., is that of any other person, or persons sportsmen of Northampton, Lehigh and Hellertown Sportsmens Assn., Bethle­ grouped together as a community or Carbon counties for the purpose of hem Fish, Game, and Forestry Assn., industry. He cannot call the kettle rehabilitating the Lehigh River as well Lower Saucon Sportsmen's Assn., Mil­ black unless he is willing to go without as the entire 46 miles of canal. ler Height's Sportsmens Assn., and the food, bathing, clothing, shelter, metals, Mr, J. Allen Barrett, Chief of the Freemansburg Rod and Gun Club of paper, and just about everything in his Division of Conservation Education, which Leo Gallagher is president. everyday life. Directly or indirectly, PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER

. water pollution starts at home—your nearly two hundred years to foul it. It tion is his problem, too. Anglers who home—and the first steps toward a will take many years to clean it com­ have the gift of gab—most do!—can general cleanup must be made from pletely. bring this home at various meetings of there. Anglers can help bring about better civic clubs, PTA, service clubs, town Neither is there anything wrong with fishing conditions by backing up such gatherings, and so on. They can point this situation. As a civilized man, using civic improvements, rather than by out that water from domestic uses, the appurtenances of civilization, mod­ screaming over an occasional fish kill. taken from an already polluted stream, ern man should be able to employ Those who live in communities should must be treated by costly methods— Water for all his needs—including fish- back any practical, adequate system of but no one can expect communities and ]ig. There is no reason—with extremely sewage disposal that promises to im­ industries upstream to correct condi­ rare exceptions—why domestic or in­ prove conditions in whatever stream tions if his home town is equally guilty. dustrial use of water means that receives the sewage load. Those who Another way the angler can help is streams have to be fouled. Water can live in rural sections should encourage by understanding the problem. He be used over and over, and still be wise plowing and planting methods on should know the differences between technically "clean." However, the their own land, or that of neighbors, primary, secondary and complete angler must remember that his own to remove siltation which is as deadly treatment of domestic sewage, for in­ backyard needs cleaning first. He can't to fish life as any organic pollution in stance, and fight any installation that very well go around accusing indus­ the long run. After the pollution has does not return his city's waste water tries, dairies, mines, and assorted tar­ been eliminated on a local level, then to the streams in reasonably pure con­ gets of spoiling his fishing fun if he it is time to look up and down the dition. Primary treatment, for example, Is blind to his own shortcomings. stream and point fingers at continuing is next to useless. pollution. Finally, he must understand that Naturally, this does not mean that One of the most difficult jobs in cor­ correcting pollution will take time, the individual angler must discontinue recting pollution is convincing the money, and effort. It might take a using his bathroom, kitchen sink, or average householder, who never goes decade or a score of years to undo laundry drain. But he should know fishing, boating, swimming, or other­ what our forefathers did to the streams what happens to his own community's wise uses streams and lakes, that the we must use today, but it can be done. wastes after he and his neighbors have water faucets in his home don't yield It will take many millions of dollars, conveniently sent them down some pure water by accident, and that pollu­ (Turn to page 25) Prpes buried in the basement. If those Wastes contribute to the pollution load °f a single stream, then the angler had better pull in his horns and tone down Ms bellow about water pollution to a Meat. If his own yard is dirty, he can't Very well point to the other fellow's. ^r> if he does, the other fellow can Point right back, and the only thing accomplished is a lot of name-calling As an example, one Pennsylvania city °utgrew its sewage disposal plant by nearly doubling its population in the Jast 15 years. It was contributing heavily to the load of pollution carried by a stream which runs right through the city, an open, stinking sewer; but the city fathers objected to building a lew disposal plant, pointing out that the city wasn't the only source of Pollution by any means. When it was Pointed out to them, in turn, by sports­ men that the city couldn't very well expect the other sources to clean up « they didn't do it first, the argument made sense. A new four million dollar djsposal plant was built. Now the city is in a position to say: —C. Paul Blair photo. Look what we did. It's your turn!" ^nd it's working. A paper manufac­ CHOSEN HONORARY SECRETARY, is Seth L. Myers, nationally known out­ turing firm on a branch of the same door writer and conservationist from Sharon Pennsylvania, signally stream is currently installing better honored recently by the Northwest Division of the Pennsylvania Federa­ d'sposal methods for its wastes after tion of Sportsmen's Clubs. Myers received an engraved, gold-lettered wallet along with gifts. Shown are l-r: Dr. Robert S. Dow, Pres. of the half a century of neglect. There is new nine county division; Seth Myers and D. F. Paddock, chairman of the "ope that that particular stream will award committee. Fish Commissioner Hon. Wallace Dean and Carlyle S. be returned to useful condition—use­ Sheldon, Division Supervisor were present representing the Pennsylvania ful for industry, for communities, for r Fish Commission. ecreation, including fishing. It took FEBRUARY—1955 23 Operation Transfer

By HARVEY R. FRANTZ

any possible pollution of the canal by river water. However there was one thing miss­ ing—fish. In the days of the canal boats, fishing was good but when the canal went out, so naturally did the fish. The big job now was to bring them back. As soon as water was in the canal the Pennsylvania Fish Commis­ sion was contacted and immediately re­ sponded, making analysis of the water and a general survey for the purpose of stocking it with appropriate species of fish. The Lehigh County Soil Conserva­ tion District found a number of farm ponds that needed seining in order to maintain good fishing. The District technicians and the sportsmen were quickly brought together. A plan was developed for transferring many of the pond fish to the canal. The Boro of Walnutport loaned a SEINING FARM POND for fingerlings to be transferred to new truck to the local sportsmen who then placed an aerated fish tank on it, home in the rebuilt portion of the Lehigh Canal near Walnut- which was supplied by the Li-Le-Hi port. trout nursery at Allentown. Under the supervision of the county fish warden, Harvey Neff, Sam Yohn and Howard Hannighan of the Soil Conservation NCE again water is flowing District, "Operation Transfer Com­ Othrough the old Lehigh canal be­ menced. In addition to heavy stocking tween Lehigh Gap and Lock Port, of bass, perch, catfish, bluegills, etc., by Northampton County. This 3.7 mile the Fish Commission, various farm stretch was recently converted, by the ponds belonging to cooperators with the local sportsmen affiliated with the Le­ District were visited and fingerling pan high River Restoration Association, fish removed. Only fingerlings up to six from an empty weed covered disin­ inches were taken from the ponds. The tegrating ditch to something like its operation, taking all day, resulted in former self; a sparkling band of water the transfer of approximately 400 paralleling the Lehigh River. The largemouth bass, 100 catfish and more Inter-Club Canal Commission, a than 3,000 bluegill sunfish to the re­ sportsmen's organization, leased this built portion of the canal. portion of the canal from the Lehigh Operation Transfer was a success Coal and Navigation Co. for five dol­ and not only did it set the stage. for lars a year. good fishing in the canal but it also improved the fishing in the cooperating This rehabilitation was accomplished farm ponds. This stocking, plus the at an estimated cost of $20,000 although stocking by the Fish Commission, will the actual cash outlay was only $1,480. help return the old canal to its former The balance was made up by the work status as a recreational outlet for the of the sportsmen, interested citizens, area, especially the children. This alone contributions from organizations, clubs, will more than repay the sportsmen and municipalities. A dozen trucks who spent their weekends and days were used to haul the 2,000 loads of off at hard laborous work of re­ fill necessary to repair the break in the capturing and rebuilding this grand FINGERLINGS, after seining operation, canal. Instead of using river water, as recreational facility so dear to the are stocked in the canal by young­ formerly, springs are now being util­ hearts of the men and women of sters interested in the project. ized for this purpose. This will prevent yesteryear.

24 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER And don't be discouraged. Pennsyl­ to Petersburg to sell a basket of fish POLLUTION—Concluded vania's clean streams program is one and he may have considered moving of the best in the nation—perhaps the there. very best. It may seem to proceed at But where the Kelsos and Millers and some of it will come out of your a snail's pace to those who live in went is a mystery. Vague accounts Pockets; but it's a matter of clean up the state, but it is driving ahead like state that "they went somewhere fur­ n°w or lose millions of dollars, some a jet plane in comparison to many ther west." °f which also will come out of your regions. Perhaps Kelso wanted to find big­ Pockets. It isn't accident that is making ger and better hunting and fishing 'ndustries move to southern states— grounds. The known story of the "boss Jt hunter" who was "a crack shot and s often a case of the southern states THE DAYS MR. LINCOLN selling the idea that they can offer could hit a deer at long range" is clean water for industry. When indus­ FISHED limited indeed. tries leave Pennsylvania, everyone But his influence upon Abraham Lin­ loses. Remember, all those things so (From, page 14) coln in augumenting his hunger for vital to our state economy need clean knowledge, particularly in the field of water as much as you do in your home. good literature, is acknowledged by fed in great numbers on the wild rice Industry, surprisingly, is doing more all historians. which grew along the rivers, but some­ wan private individuals to clean up The only monument to Kelso is the times their fancy would turn to do­ streams. It's like this: Industrial con­ restored Kelso-Miller cabin, a part of mestic grain. cerns are coming to realize that they the restored village of New Salem, Stories have been handed down are as much a part of a community life which is under supervision of the Illi­ from the pioneers of Lincoln's time as churches, schools, parks, and other nois Department of Public Parks. telling of thousands of wild geese set­ things that have grown up around tling on the wheat fields damaging them. They are getting ashamed of the crops. They were easy prey for shabby, rundown factories, ashamed of the huntsman. t"e "mill town" aspect that they un­ FAMILY FISHING The wild pigeons were so plentiful wittingly fostered in the beginning, that often branches were broken from take a look around you. Industry is IS FUN! the trees because of the weight of the beautifying its front yard. It is land­ great numbers of pigeons which had (From page 5) scaping its grounds, making its build- gone to roost there. A practice was lngs more attractive on the exterior, to go to the groves after nightfall £nd fitting them into the community, and club from the trees great num­ your wife may now have proof positive tnis desire to clean up now is extend- bers of the birds which then were that it was you indeed who caught 3ng to the backyards—to where the in­ hauled home, dead or crippled to be that fine mess of fish three summers dustrial wastes leave the plants and dressed for use as food. ago. From the way that rod tip is eventually get into the streams. bouncing, this will be a good fish too. "Pigeon pot pie" was a prime dish No industry wants the ill will of a of those days, made from the cooked And it is! community, or a large segment of a meat of the birds picked from the From the moment it feels the hook, community such as anglers. There was bone and baked in a thick crust of the fish gives its all. Sometimes wildly a time when big companies simply bread dough. threshing deep beneath the surface; didn't care what they did so long as sometimes rushing up, then down, the Fur bearing animals were so plenti­ the dollars rolled in; but there has been river; it bends your rod most satisfy- a ful the pelts were often used as units change in labor-management-com- ingly. Gradually, splashing water in all of exchange in that early day when munity relations. Today, an industrial directions, it reluctantly responds to currency was scarce. concern of any importance tries to the urge of your aching wrist, and create goodwill with its workers, and Often, when Kelso had taken his seconds later you stand upright with *lth the community in which it is catch of fish or game, he and Lincoln sixteen inches of catostamus com-mer- located. One of the best ways it can would lie on their backs under a big sonii flapping wildly against the firm "o this is to avoid the very appearance tree and Kelso would quote from great grip of your fingers. (Okeh, okeh, so it °t evil by keeping the stream that literature, or would discuss his homely is only a sucker; it's a nice one). "'rectly or indirectly carries away its ideas of life. Turning, slowly, with just the right Pastes from becoming a sewer. And Lincoln, his mind as thirsty for degree of nonchalance, you present to Besides, there is a dollar and cents knowledge as a dry sponge for water, your adoring family a picture of . . . angle. The ideal manufacturing process would absorb it all. Now where in the heck did they all ls one in which there is no waste. When The more Lincoln learned from get to! atl industry pours wastes into a sewage Kelso the more he wished to learn system, it is throwing out something from books. Together they observed Chastising yourself immediately for that should be of value, whether that nature and learned about her ways. this unfatherly mental outburst, you he flakes of metal, liquids holding Abraham Lincoln left New Salem in drop the sucker in the sand and send chemicals used in the manufacturing 1836 to find greater opportunities as your eyes frantically up and down the Process, or whatever its waste consists a lawyer, establishing a practice in shoreline. You realize in an instant °h There should be no waste. There- nearby Springfield. that you have committed the unpar­ tore, industry, is alert to any process Kelso stayed on until about 1841. donable sin of family fishing. You took hat enables it to utilize its wastes, Petersburg was a growing town and your eyes off the children. there's more hope for clean streams in people were drifting away from New Hollering hoarsely, in a voice con­ 'his angle, than in any other. Salem. Kelso frequently walked over stricted with fear, you sound off the

F EBRUARY—1955 25 roll call while stumbling over logs, you this far, didn't I? DIDN'T I? started to rise and trout usually lie through brush and backwater. Falling Now, do you believe that family deeper. flat on your face as your foot finds fishing is fun? All it takes is practice. Many nymphs become dislodged and a muskrat hole, you rush drippingly wash downstream in a fast current erect to find Bobby and Jimmy staring before they are ready to hatch. These curiously at you from the dry bank. try to swim to quiet pools where they With complete consideration, they NYMPHS—SECRET can find something to cling to again. ignore the black mud and water cov­ So occasionally let the nymph swing ering your front and hold out on ob­ WEAPONS! from the fast current into the eddys ject for your approval. "Look, Dad, and pools, or to the undercut banks. at the swell turtle we found." (From page 15) That's where many of the big trout A scream! Now you know where are holding—where the fast water your wife is; she went the other way. meets the slow. Extricating yourself from the mud, would not have hooked. If you don't Frequently, nymphs rise to the sur­ you grab a boy in each hand and feel the fish, the nymph hasn't been face very slowly—almost without mo­ tear back the way you came. Is the moved very far, and can be allowed tion, so its easy to imitate their action baby drowning!? Has she stepped on a to continue its drift. with an artificial. Sometimes some of rusty nail!? Relax, friend, everything's That's the nub of the proposition in them swim upward as fast as possible alright. It's just that little Louise warm weather when flies are hatching. for a foot or two. Then they get tired crawled back up toward the car and Nymph fishing is good in the colder, and drift quietly until rested, swim­ has a garter snake your wife is afraid early season, too. But then its wise ming upward and resting alternately. to take away from her. Get rid of any to put a split shot on the leader and It's easy to imitate that motion, too. ideas about letting that snake go, too. to fish the nymph slowly as near to A natural drift, followed by very slow Or the turtle either. Whoops, forgot the bottom as possible, because at that action, is a good method of fishing about Mary! "Daddy! Daddy!" That's time of year the nymphs have not yet artificials. Nymph fishing really is no- her! I mean, that's she! Back where the rods are! She's got a fish Or the fish has her. She's in up to her knees. Hold on to it baby; it's a big one. Oh, brother. Where's the gaff? The net? Anything? Don't get excited, Mary! Give him line. Get out of the water; you'll catch your death of cold! Isn't that silly, your wife worrying about a cold at a time like this. Man, look at that rod bend. Ohhhhhh. She dropped it. She's got hold of the line, bringing him in hand over hand. After all you tried to teach her, too. Man, oh man! Where's the camera? Up at the car. Hold it baby! She's got him; she's goteem! A wall­ eye. And, a big one! Quit shakin' Pop, and measure the thing. Twenty-three and seven thirty- seconds inches long! Mary, did you hear that? Where's Mary. Throwing rocks in the water. Bobby's hungry. Where's the lunch? Oh, for Pete's sake; the dog is in it. Hold everything; everybody keep calm; let's get or­ ganized. LET'S GET ORGANIZED! Maybe they're going to really start hitting. Don't worry about that little thunder shower. Oh, oh. What's that wiggling in the sand? Oh yes. As unobtrusively as possible you nudge your sandy sucker into the shallows where he gratefully works his way out to deep water. Let's see now, where were we? Oh, yoii^ want to know how to get this gang home. Look, Bud, what do you expect from one article like this! Get home on your own; providing it is still there. (Remember the iron). Got . . . Far From Shore!"

•><> PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER *here near as difficult as so many freedom to find out that Al Ross's very fine grade of oil for the lubricat­ Writers and anglers have maintained. nymphs are not the real thing. ing of pinions, bearings and line car­ *t is usual for nymphs to drift just Six commonly found patterns are riage screw, pawl and guides. Fulcrum Under the surface (just a few inches shown at the left of the picture. The oil of Franklin, Pa. puts out a fine under) until they are ready to rise two shrimps at the right of course are Pennsylvania reel oil. There are many and to shuck their skins. That's the not nymphs at all—but they are fished others just as good, but I am, of depth to drift them, in warm weather. in such a similar manner that we can course, unable to list them all. I would like to warn owners of good Regular fly fishing tackle will do the include them in this article. A tackle reels against using a heavy gun oil J°o nicely. In the last few years, box should have two or three of or an oil that contains a cleaning ailglers have had great success with several sizes and types of fresh water or rust removing compound. Many spinning tackle in nymph fishing. Rig shrimp imitations and of nymphs. beautifully polished and finished reels a Buldo plastic ball float to the end I have a fondness for the "Sassa- have been rendered unsightly, scabby °* the monofilament line and attach maskin Shrimp" illustrated here be­ and susceptible to corrosion and rust 0I1e or two nymphs on very fine mono- cause I helped Al Ross to develop it. by uses of a scrubbing formula. If the ulament droppers one or two feet long His expertness and his interlaced pro­ reel is properly cared for, not care­ and a foot or two apart above the ball cess of dressing makes it the most life­ lessly dropped or laid in sand and mud °at. The float keeps the nymphs in like of any I ever have seen. On its there will be few repair needs for the current, allowing the nymphs to preliminary trials I took some tre­ several years. A new line pawl might drift naturally at the correct distance mendous brook trout with it in the be needed occasionally. This can be in­ below the surface. The action of the north country and reports are that stalled by any average able mechanic, ball easily can be followed, and any it is equally as good in Pennsylvania or by the owner himself. Most of our nnusual motion of it signals the time waters. If the trout have any pink- new types of reels come equipped with to strike. This rig can be cast farther ness of flesh, the "Sassamaskin Shrimp" an auxiliary Pawl easily installed. than can nymphs with fly fishing gear, is a sure fire winner, because the pink When the level wind carriage becomes ^d from more difficult places. The flesh of fish comes from their eating weak, wobbly and skipping its proper *"*e monofilament line offers almost fresh (or salt) water shrimps and spacings, these repairs can usually be no drag in the water and, with the similar Crustacea. s made by any fisherman owner or his Pinning reel, it is easy to pay out That's nymph fishing reduced to a tackle dealer. dditional line to continue the natural fundamentals. Study the names of the drift. nymphs and of the flies into which But there are other slightly more in­ volved replacements and repairs to be There are many kinds of nymphs, they emerge, if you want to do so. made as the life of a reel lengthens. some hatching at one time and others Its helpful, but its not entirely neces­ Gears will need replacing and re- at another. When a hatch is on, it is sary. cutting probably on some of the older *ell to use an artificial of the same Of course, there's lots more to models. The reel will, of course, need ?^e and type as the prevalent natural. nymph fishing than this—but these cleaning completely and when this is **°w do we find out what this is? few bits of information should help any angler to catch trout. To those done there are often hidden worn Watch the stream and you'll see them who want the high school course, I bearings, loose pinions, broken or frac­ drifting down. Or try a few average can recommend enthusiastically tured cranks, loose screws and faulty looking ones until you catch a trout, Charles M. Wetzel's book "Practical handles on the cranking device. These •"•hen open him up and see what he's Fly Fishing." Charlie is a fellow Penn- are problems that seem of slight im­ been eating. That will tell you the sylvanian, and his little book on the portance, and there is always the well- °est type to use. Since many kinds of subject is the most helpful one I have meaning acquaintance and fishing nymphs become dislodged from their ever read. tackle "Jack Of All Trades" who con­ Moorings and drift downstream, fre- tributes a little home-o-pathic treat­ lUently one kind of artificial is as Trout take nymphs all during the ment with file, stray bit of clock spring good as another. trout fishing season. Frequently they take them when wet or dry flies bring and screw driver who has a remedy •Anglers can imitate nymphs crudely no results. Maybe its the lazy way much worse than the disease! BE­ by cutting the wings from a wet fly. for them to get a square meal. Any­ WARE of these tinkerer's so eager Wg t flies often are taken for nymphs, way, nymph fishing usually is ex­ to operate! They can ruin a reel com­ ^yway. But you'll have best success tremely productive and, fortunately, it pletely. Instead of accepting every With exact imitations. Pennsylvania really does not seem so difficult, after household cure that happens along to D °asts many expert dressers of nymphs all! repair reel ailments, do the smart c °Pied from the originals in every thing. Just clean the reel with an oiled slightest detail. But the best of all rag, or rub a protective film of oil over nymph dressers, to my mind, is a man its face with a soft chamois saturated named A. P. Ross, who lives in with a good grade of light oil, then ^Prington, Idaho. Al Ross ties nymphs KEEP THAT pad or pack securely in a strong paste­ eommercially, and they are so intricate board box. Bind it up with a length and lifelike that the picture with REEL HUMMING! so of twine and write a short note ad­ nis article can't begin to show their (From page 9) dressed to the manager of the Reel accuracy of color and detail. He has Repair Department of the factory in a Patented method of lacing on the which it was produced. °°dy, with variable colors above and or at the largest and swankiest of the oelow. This gives such a natural effect big retailers of fine tackle, is an oil I Most of the large factory repair de­ that even the wisest old trout invari­ have used for many years with success. partments servicing their own tackle ably The Pflueger Speede reel oil is another have a policy of requesting permission are fooled. It costs them their FEBRUARY—1955 Z1 cannot be forgotten for its wings are of a sparkling rich red brown. It is the spinner or imago of the Dark Green Drake, but one would hardly recognize it; its front feet and tail have almost doubled in length, and its color has changed to an entirely different hue. Trout simply go wild when the large drakes are over the water, and it is a matter of regret to all fly fisher­ men that the season is so short.

GINGER QUILL (male and female imago)

Order— •Ephemeroptera Family-—Heptageniidae Genus—Stenonema Species —fuscum

"Ooglook's A Pan Fisherman." Description: Length of wings, male, 3/8" to 7/16", female 7/16" to 9/16". Wings, glassy with amber or pale red­ of the owner of a reel to permit them ish brown, sternites—somewhat lighter; dish in front near the tip; abdomen, to give it a complete checking over. legs, yellowish brown; tails, brown. thorax and sternites amber, tergites They are then able to do a complete Remarks: On Penns Creek, this fly amber and ringed with reddish brown; and proper job of refinishing and re­ is known as the Dark Green Drake. legs, ginger or light amber with dark pairing. If they are merely asked to It appears about the same time as the reddish bands on all femora; tails, replace some minor part and not to Green Drake and resembles it some­ smoky amber with narrow dark brown overhaul the entire reel they often what, only its wings are of a deeper joinings. subject themselves to strong criticism greenish brown; it may also be dis­ later from some owners. A screw might tinguished by its two tails whereas Remarks: At dusk these mayflies be replaced, the reel returned to its the Green Drake has three. It is com­ may be noticed in great numbers cruis­ owner, then shortly thereafter some monly found on brushy mountain ing back and forth over the riffles, part in need of replacement or re­ streams and may be noticed resting many of them flying swiftly along in pair might go bad that could have on stones near the waters edge. It copula as pictured. They appear about been made while at the factory. exists for two days in this stage, then the middle of May and are in season for the next two weeks. This is a great It is far better, when having the it casts the sub imago skin and ap­ fly on the Penns Creek and on Fish­ reel overhauled, to give consent to pears as the Brown Drake. It is a ing Creek near Lamar. have the job thoroughly done. The great fly on Weiker Run. repair department will stand back of Imitation: Hook, No. 8; wings, teal Imitation: Hook, No. 12; wings, their work. It is usually conducted on stained a greenish brown; body, brown starling or mallard quills; body, pea­ a non-profit basis, anyhow. The cus­ raffia grass ribbed with fine gold wire; cock quill; hackle, ginger; tails, ginger tomer pays, generally, for the ma­ hackle, dark ginger; tails, mandarin hackle fibres or mandarin duck. terials used in making repairs and fibres. labor. This is the practical way to STONE FLY have the old reel put back into first BROWN DRAKE class working order. It will, in most (male imago) cases, come back to the owner look­ Order— -Plecoptera ing like a new piece of tackle, work­ Family-—Perlidae ing with that same old fascinating Order— -Ephemeroptera Genus--Perla hum, the song of a happy reel in fight­ Family-—Ephemeridae Species —capitata ing trim for many years of trouble- Genus--Hexagenia free fishing. Species —recurvata Description: Length to tip of wings, %" to %". Wings, yellowish brown; Description: Length of wings, %" to body, yellowish brown, the last seg­ FLY FISHER'S %". Wings, rich red brown with veins ment yellow; eyes, black conspiciously of a deeper brown giving it a some­ ringed with bright yellow; legs, black ENTOMOLOGY what mottled effect; abdomen, tergites—• with yellowish streaks on sides; tails, brown; antennae, blackish brown. (From page 19) rich red brown with yellow joinings at segments, sternites — slightly lighter Remarks: This fly may be seen brown; legs, brown; tails, brown, about sitting quietly on the underside of Description: Length of wings, %" to one and three quarter inches long with leaves bordering the stream. When fly­ %". Wings, dark olive green mottled dark brown joinings. ing over the water it is easily cap­ with brown; abdomen, tergites—yellow­ Remarks: When once seen this fly tured, but when approaching it on the

28 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER shore line, it dodges down among the rocks with surprising agility. It favors those stretches in a stream where the Water flows swiftly over a rocky bottom; and on the riffles its imitation will be found most successful when MEMO "ed and fished wet. It is a good fly on Kettle Creek. To all Imitation: Took, No. 10 long shank; Wings, quill feathers from the wing of Pennsylvania Fishermen: an English hen pheasant; body, hares ear dubbing mixed with yellow Worsted; hackle, ginger; tails, brown bottled partridge fibres, (English). Just a reminder — No fishing allowed GREY DRAKE (female imago) of any kind from

Order—Ephemeroptera midnight, March 14 Family—Ephemeridae Genus—Ephemera Species—guttulata to 5 a. m. April 15

Description: Length of wings, 3/4" (except in Rivers, Lakes *° 1 1/16". Wings, very faint greenish yellow, mottled with purplish brown or Ponds, not stocked sPots; thorax, brown; abdomen, creamy White, with the last segment reddish brown; front legs, brown; middle and with Trout). hind legs, yellowish white; tails, yel­ lowish, with blackish brown joinings. Remarks: This fly is the spinner or lrr>ago of the female Green Drake and ls of much importance to the fly hsher. Its wings have now lost their green tint and are pale yellow mottled With purplish black spots. The Drakes or Shad Flies appear just a few Minutes before dark, at which time aU hades breaks loose. The female can often be noticed carrying two cylin­ drical egg packets near the end of her abdomen. When the fly is well on the Water, large trout which seldom feed 0n the surface, are breaking water everywhere. Shortly after dark activity Ceases, after which the spent fly can he noticed in large scum-like patches floating down stream on the current. Imitation: Hook, No. 8; wings, mot­ tled mallard, stained a faint yellow; h°dy, white raffia grass ribbed with toie silver wire; hackle, light badger; toils, mandarin duck fibres. To be continued.

--v/. RENEW YOUR ANGLER SUBSCRIPTION TODAY!!

FEBRUARY—1955 29 The PENNSYLVANIA ANGLES ^Jhe C^dltor 5 ^rnale pauses to pay a final tribute to 9* the memory of Mr. Frank Brink, former Senior Fish Warden, who passed away on January 27, 1955. Mr. Brink, who was held in high esteem by the family of the Pennsylvania Fish Commis­ sion, came into employment as a fish warden on November 15, 1919, rising in promotion to senior fish warden at the time of his retirement on November 30, 1947. Frank was born, and spent his liftime in Pike County, having his home in Milford where he was held in high re­ spect. His point of service cov­ ered a period of twenty-eight years, and to his bereaved fam­ ily, the Pennsylvania Fish Com­ mission extends its most heart­ felt condolences.

I sell bait to many out-of-state men and women that have never seen so much news packed in so small a magazine for the price asked. May I leave a suggestion or thought which you may take for what it Is worth? Namely, over the many years of hunting, Head Hunter! Dear Editor: fishing, camping, and many other outdoor It Is with a great deal of pleasure that sports and activities I have pursued there Dear Sir: I try in a small way to express my ap­ is nothing that I get more pleasure out Now that we are approaching another preciation for the PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER, of than to have a bunch of kids to teach fishing season, and yon do not hesitate to and the wonderful articles which are sure how to share these sports with me. Since portray pictures and interesting articles to come each month. they are the future citizens and our gov­ In the PENNSYLVANIA ANGLEH for the ardent ernment we can only expect the leader­ I certainly enjoy every bit of the ship we build Into our future generations. fishermen in the Commonwealth. I am ANGLER. When I was a youngster my enclosing a picture of mounted fish heads If we don't teach them good sportsman­ parents lived in some of the lumbering ship and to be good neighbors on our that I do as a hobby and on an amateur towns located in the Pine Creek drainage status. As you know my product cannot streams and fields we cannot expect them basin and had the pleasure of seeing some to be otherwise in running our businesses be sold because I do not have a taxi­ of the log drives. I also fished for trout dermist's license. I only do It for friends and future government. Another thing in some of the old splash dams. All brook that is too often overlooked In the home and members of Sportsmen's Clubs in trout then, and plenty of them. If I re­ this area. The picture you see was taken Is the fact that women like to enjoy the call correctly the size minimum was 6" same sports the men and kids do. There­ along side the booth of a sporting goods and 50 per day. dealer and some of his equipment is fore, I would suggest If it Is at all pos­ shown on it. As a boy I fished the upper waters of sible for you to give the women and kids Pine Creek above Galeton In Potter some thought in your magazine I believe Heads are put In a solution of formalde­ County. Maybe at some future date you we can look forward to better sportsmen hyde for several weeks, allowed to dry for could give us a little write-up on one all around. several more, then varnished and a paste river in Pennsylvania that is called a of wood putty Is put into a mold with the creek (Pine Creek). WILLIAM C. STEINDEL fish head in the center, allowed to harden; and you have tne finished product. Now let me say before closing we are Moscow, Pa. all human and a little pat on the back In the front are fish skins of wall­ In all seriousness, Mr. Steindel, we cer­ does a lot more good than a kick in the tainly agree 100 per cent with your "fish­ eyed pike and small mouth bass and sev­ pants. eral unmounted fish heads. In the right ing for family pleasure" theory for pro­ foreground on a wooden plaaue is the You fellows on the Commission are moting sound training for youngsters. head of a 42-inch great northern pike doing a grand job providing us with good Perhaps you will enjoy Mr. Schuyler's caught In Canada. fishing. Keep up the good work. "Family Fishing" story in this issue which, while humorous, presents a most practical This picture also shows a 28-inch wall­ C. L. GOODWIN view of talcing the entire family, into the eyed pike, 31-inch great northern, 20-inch Library, Pa. outdoors, always an interesting experience. brook trout, along with small mouth bass, pickerel, perch, large mouth bass and one Dear Sir: Canadian walleye. The picture contains Dear Sir: 26 fish heads caught in 1953 and dis­ Just a few lines to let you know that played. In 1954 I have received 87 heads Enclosed please find $1.00 (one dollar) throughout the years it has been a real caught by myself and by Sportsmen In for a renewal for one of the finest fish­ this area. These will be shown at later ing magazines on the market today. pleasure in reading the ANGLER, the Sportsmen's meetings. Since I own and operate a private lake members also find its contents inter­ I have trouble with all species of trout and bait business I am in a position to esting. because of the numerous oil glands or tell you that the Information, sketches, photos, etc., printed In the ANGLER are I would like to tell you a few things sacs that are In the head, but this prob­ of untold value to the fishermen and lem was solved by information from a about the club: First of all we have biology professor at Lehigh University at especially women. I cater to a trade that takes in all walks of life and you would our own Fishing & Hunting Lodge, and Bethlehem, Pa. be surprised the number of customers KEN NAUMAN that get Just the information they need throughout the year there has been a Hellertown, Pa. from the pages of your magazine. long list of programs and accomplish-

PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER •"eats. The many hours of fellowship, Smethport, Pa. sharing experiences, and gaining an Jan. 10, 1955 understanding of fellow sportsmen has Charles M. Wetzel, become invaluable to the individual. To c/o Pennsylvania Angler serve these ends the club has served Harrisburg, Pa. to be forwarded— admirably well. Dear Charlie: °n Thursday, January 6, 1955, Your articles appearing in the Angler are most interest­ Section of officers was held, Wm. F. ing from a fly tyers point of view, I also have your book "Practical Gerst was elected President, Carl Fly Fishing" which is referred to constantly. Beechey, Secretary, Louis Lesch Treas­ urer, Directors ars as follows: Charles I have a fishing partner much younger than myself ^os, Joseph Procida, George Hess Richmond Johnson, who is the son of McKean County's represen­ ^d Harry Hilt. tative and former Republican majority leader. Young Johnson, a law student, is quite a fan of yours and becomes highly excited in reading JUMBO ROD & GUN CLUB your articles of the early days on Kettle Creek. We spend most of William F. Gerst, President our time in that vicinity including all the tributaries of the Kettle. Ph ila., Pa Last summer when we were in that vicinity young Johnson started to relate some of the experiences you describe in your book Practical Fly Fishing particularly a spot on the Kettle which you named the Cannonading Hole. He kept telling me about the trout, so thick they HOG FOOD FIT FOR THE CARP? were crowding one another out of the water, and he insisted that 1 part corn meal we look it up. I kept telling him that what you described was a * Part plain flour long time ago and that today it was probably a dud, but he insisted 1 part XXX Daisy (Hogfood) that we go and look it over. Mix well, use just enough water to We stopped around the Ox Bow and made inquiry of m& ke a stiff dough. Bake until well some of the natives and they informed us how to get there, which done, remove crust. Add enough we did after a lot of questioning, etc. But we found things a little yanilla to make it smell. After vanilla different than back in the days you describe in your book. The Kettle ls Worked in well it's ready to use.— must have been a wonderful stream in those days, also Trout Run— Recipe from Clarence W. Ferguson, these streams are now subjected to heavy fishing pressure with low Martinsville, Va. water conditions each summer getting more critical. One of the things Some fellows say carp aren't even fit we discussed with the natives was how this spot on the Kettle was named to live with the hogs, while others the Cannonading Hole. We would like to have your version of it. "•ke up for >em ari£j say they are! Yours very truly, Andrew Hileman President McKean County Federation Dea:r Editor: Sportsmens Clubs "ant to thank you tor publishing those flne fish cookery recipes in the PENNSYLVANIA ANGLER. I tried quite a *e* of them to date and find them really ae Hcious. Thanks again! How the Cannonading Hole were serenading her. The old girl, p. MBS. DANIEL WARNER Was Named who was hard of hearing, then rushed Philadelphia, Pa. back into the bedroom and shook the Sfl ucks . . . 'twernt nuthin'l By JOHN CALHOUN old man awake. "They're cannonading us," she (as told to the writer, Chas. M. Wetzel) shreiked. Near the present Cannonading Hole This was good enough for the old TOSS IT BACK ..... S on Kettle Creek, Clinton Co., Pennsyl­ man! He jumped up, grabbed his muz­ IF YOU CATCH ONE vania, lived a family by the name of zle loader and let fly a blast of Olsons who came into the region with shot through the window. Without The following was clipped from Ole Bull when he established his putting on his trousers, he ran down­ the January issue of The At­ colony. They had a very attractive stairs loading as he went. lantic Salmon Journal: "The De­ daughter who had just returned from The young men took to their heels partment of Fisheries has defined finishing school. The young men in at the first shot and as they were the legal difference between the neighborhood were all in love with heading towards the creek the old whales. Anything under 70 feet the girl, so they decided to celebrate man who was close behind let fly long is a maverick in the blue her homecoming by serenading her another blast. They were now on the •whale division. Fin whales and under her window. One of the boys bank of the deepest hole on Kettle humpbacks are considered im­ had a bass drum, another a horn, while Creek, and without further ado they mature if they're under 55 feet the other played a long shrill flute. plunged in and swam to the other side long and 35 feet respectively. The After dark that evening there broke where they hid in the woods. The old Penalty for slipping an under- out in the still and silent forest such man let fly another barrage—just on size whale into your creel is a a noise, screech and din as to be general principles—• reluctantly gave 510,000 fine, two years in jail or almost unbelievable. The old lady ran up the chase and headed homeward. both. So, toss it back!" into the daughters room to determine And that is how the Cannonading the cause and the girl told her they Hole was named.

FEBRUARY—1955 31 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION

Harrisburg

FISH STOCKED IN THE WATERS OF PENNSYLVANIA —1954

Species Approx. Size Number Total

Brook, Brown and Rainbow Trout 7" to 20" 2,432,214 Black Bass 1" to 12" 965,641 Catfish 5" to 12" 343,106 Sunfish 3" to 8" 178,284 Frogs (Embryo) 54,000 Carp 10" to 20" 30,875 Yellow Perch Adult 23,326 Minnows \Vz" to 6" 91,010 Pickerel 7" to 18" 767 Calico Bass 7" to 11" 16,337 Pike Perch Adult 818 Lake Trout 300 Muskellunge 10,666 Suckers 2" to 5" 32,980 Miscellaneous 30 4,180,354 pi Fry and Fingerling v. Trout Fingerling 2,942,316 Yellow Perch Fry 477,150,010 > STREAM MANAGEMENT Pike Perch Fry 34,570,000 2! NEW HATCHERY Cisco Fry 100,000 CONSTRUCTION AND LAND Blue Pike Fry 500,000 Lake Trout Fingerling 30,139 515,292,465 0 Grand Total 519,472,819 w 98 FINANCIAL STATEMENT PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION CALENDAR YEAR 1954 E Januarr 1 Freight, Express & Cartage 53.30 cSh ~ : 1.126,475.09 Postage 1,300.00 Telephone & Telegraph 29.60 Repairs 245.12 J™>OMt Fishing Licenses * 1,740,333.80 Insurance, Surety & Fidelity Bonds 72.62 !„,, ""«itlent Fishing Licenses 76,133.35 Other Maintenance Services 104.00 "urist Fishing Licenses 33,721.95 Equipment & Machinery 5,147.02 £*. liUte licenses 19.00 la 3,377.00 Cnm„ Licenses $79,119.41 \t'"'"ereial Hatchery Licenses 3,505.00 Total Boat Fish T Licenses 70,155.50 Construction (Pymatunlng) Mm Law Fines 27,480.00 Wages $808.05 Com,!;, B°« Fines 2,215.00 Materials & Supplies 1.66 Salt .uu°ns for Restocking Streams 20.250.00 Motor Vehicle Supplies & Bepair 25.00 Sau I Publications 13,573.83 Repairs 21.80 interest unserviceable Property 263.60 Insurance, Surety & Fidelity Bonds 19.35 9,406.69 Fi5Sia„.n°t Credited' to' Allocation ".'." ^!." .' ".'.'.'.'.'.''..'.'.' 18.12 Pl3h p Total $875.86 Com„n °nd Licenses 28.00 Refunds & Repayments of Receipts 330.00 Mi.„ ,pottons Fed. Gov't (Dingle-Johnson) 37,947.07 410.15 2,037,820.06 Stores ^cenaneous Materials & Supplies Cr. $9,679.58 3.164,295.15 Motor Vehicle Supplies 748.08 j. Total Funds Available Equipment & Machinery 694.43 Total .Cr. $8,237.07 $ 40,261.92 Land Purchased (Hatchery Extension) $8,000.00 S*tress &s 159.38 'JMcf, L - Cartage .... Materials & Supplies 25,706.65 IteSfv™6 & Telegraph 795.00 Traveling Expenses 552.60 225.12 Motor Vehicle Supplies & Repair . 2,675.59 ^uralKfl EstW'.• 200.00 Telephone & Telegraph 181.95 216.41 Light, Heat, Water Power & Fuel 19.80 E'mlpn^tacn -, Services 127.00 Repairs 807.85 ent & Machinery 348.11 Rental of Equipment 1,167.10 Insurance, Surety Fidelity Bonds .. 312.08 Total $280,585.95 Equipment & Machinery- 96.57 at p ° atro| service Total $94,805.28 Serials & Supplies $ 76.36 3^>alM 97.40 Laboratory Operations tn?i°f Heal'Estate 70.00 Salaries $4,995.00 anc 384.62 Wages 24,896.89 e. Surety & Fidelity Bonds Printing, Binding & Stationery 127.33 c. Total $ 628.38 Food & Forage 20.333.46 W Materials & Supplies 5,126.68 '! Service Traveling Expenses 589.71 Series .. $18,199.50 Motor Vehicle Supplies & Repair 209.27 e 12,123.91 Light, Heat, Power, Water & Fuel 124.07 | ?s 12.85 Rent of Equipment 654.75 828.97 Insurance, Surety & Fidelity Bonds . 103.84 5.626.30 Equipment & Machinery 692.25 3,512.77 jjg?¥-Sff"HFreilLVl*iclo Supplies- ' & Repairs ' 3,733.68 Total $57,853.25 Teleni,' express & Cartage 73.29 5ei£n?ne & Telegraph 2,854.34 Total Research $176,554.45 11.G2 Acquisition of Land & Fishing Waters ?St °„f %^'. Esta'tV •::::::....:::::: 187.50 r 699.60 Salaries 3,450.00 tttsu™. ncc Equipment 311.63 Wages 13,387.98 EVai2.'ages $ 7,332.00 393,806.82 10,881.81 341,310.89 6.022.00 361.531.50 n lnB 40.556.79 1954 Credit on Stream Management 29,540.15 331,991.35 1.325,786.43 SS&aaSe j' 2 ', *' SMokery ' 5,252.27 2,122.88 60,963.99 'HMMP*** i^TpF*

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