Cviu.2006.07.009
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
17Th ASIAN GAMES at Incheon/KOR, 27.09. – 03.10.2014
17th ASIAN GAMES at Incheon/KOR, 27.09. – 03.10.2014 -following are the complete results plus detailed additional information (medal & placing table, updated ASIAN GAMES Records etc.) from the Athletics competitions at the ASIAN GAMES- -with thanks to Mr Mirko Jalava and information from his excellent TILASTOPAJA-website – -athletes from 42 (out of the 45) ASIAN AA Member Federations participated (i.e. all except BAN, BRU & JOR) – the following statistical details are a proof for the outstanding standards in most events at these Games: -a comparison of the results for the winners to the Gold medalists from Guangzhou (2010 Games) shows better performances in 37 events (13 by Men & 14 by Women) against better performances at the 2010 Games in the other 19 events (10 by Men & 9 by Women); the remaining (47th) event, Men´s 50 km Walk, was not held 4 years ago; in addition another better time (one of the new GR´s) compared to the 2010 Games was achieved in a heat of Women´s 400 m hurdles – -see additional remarks concerning the outstanding standards at these Games on pages 28 & 29 - -the following abbreviations are used in the results section below (number of new records achieved in each category shown in bracketts); records broken twice (i.e. in a heat and again improved in a final) are not even counted for this survey: -AR = new Area Records (= 3); GR = new Games Records (= 18 – including 1 equalled GR) -NR = new National Records (= 44); these NR´s were achieved by athletes from 26 different federations with the most new records (each in -
The Neurobiology of Reading Differs for Deaf and Hearing Adults Karen
The Neurobiology of Reading Differs for Deaf and Hearing Adults Karen Emmorey Please cite as: Emmorey, K. (2020). The neurobiology of reading differs for deaf and hearing adults. In M. Marschark and H. Knoors (Eds). Oxford Handbook of Deaf Studies in Learning and Cognition, pp. 347–359, Oxford University Press. Running head: The neurobiology of reading Karen Emmorey Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience 6495 Alvarado Road, Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92120 USA [email protected] Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (DC014246) and grants from the National Science Foundation (BCS-1651372; BCS-1756403). The neurobiology of reading 2 Abstract Recent neuroimaging and electrophysiological evidence reveal how the reading system successfully adapts when phonological codes are relatively coarse-grained due to reduced auditory input during development. New evidence suggests that the optimal end-state for the reading system may differ for deaf versus hearing adults and indicates that certain neural patterns that are maladaptive for hearing readers may be beneficial for deaf readers. This chapter focuses on deaf adults who are signers and have achieved reading success. Although the left-hemisphere dominant reading circuit is largely similar, skilled deaf readers exhibit a more bilateral neural response to written words and sentences compared to their hearing peers, as measured by event- related potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Skilled deaf readers may also rely more on neural regions involved in semantic processing compared to hearing readers. Overall, emerging evidence indicates that the neural markers for reading skill may differ for deaf and hearing adults. -
Enhanced Imagery Abilities in Deaf and Hearing ASL Signers*
Cognition, 46 (1993) 139-181 Visual imagery and visual-spatial language: Enhanced imagery abilities in deaf and hearing ASL signers* Karen Emmorey,” Stephen M. Kosslynb and Ursula Bellugi” “Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA bDepartment of Psychology and Social Relations, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received April 22, 1991, final version accepted September 7, 1992 Abstract Emmorey, K., Kosslyn, S.M., and Bellugi, U., 1993. Visual imagery and visual-spatial language: Enhanced imagery abilities in deaf and hearing ASL signers. Cognition, 46: 139-181. The ability to generate visual mental images, to maintain them, and to rotate them was studied in deaf signers of American Sign Language (ASL), hearing signers who have deaf parents, and hearing non-signers. These abilities are hypothesized to be integral to the production and comprehension of ASL. Results indicate that both deaf and hearing ASL signers have an enhanced ability to generate relatively complex images and to detect mirror image reversals. In contrast, there were no group differences in ability to maintain information in images for brief periods or to imagine objects rotating. Signers’ enhanced visual imagery abilities may be tied to specific linguistic requirements of ASL (referent visualization, topological classifiers, perspective shift, and reversals during sign perception). Correspondence to: Dr. Karen Emmorey, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; e-mail: [email protected]. *This work was supported by NIH grant HD-13249 awarded to Ursula Bellugi and Karen Emmorey, as well as NIH grants DC-00146, DC-0021 and NSF grant BNS86-09085. -
CURRICULUM VITAE Karen Emmorey 6630 Towhee Lane
CURRICULUM VITAE Karen Emmorey 6630 Towhee Lane Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Carlsbad, CA 92011 San Diego State University Home: (760) 931-8152 Director, Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience 6495 Alvarado Road, Suite 200 Office: (619) 594-8080 San Diego, CA 92120 Lab: (619) 594-8049 [email protected] Website: http://slhs.sdsu.edu/llcn/ EDUCATION University of California, Los Angeles Ph.D. 1987 Linguistics University of California, Los Angeles M.A. 1984 Linguistics University of California, Los Angeles B.A. 1982 Linguistics, Psychology EMPLOYMENT San Diego State University Distinguished Professor 2013 – present San Diego State University Professor 2005 – 2013 School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences San Diego State University Adjunct Professor 2006 – present Department of Psychology The University of California, Adjunct Professor 1998 – present San Diego Department of Psychology The Salk Institute Associate Director 2002 – 2005 Lab for Cognitive Neuroscience The Salk Institute Senior Staff Scientist 1996 – 2005 The Salk Institute Staff Scientist 1990 – 1996 The Salk Institute Senior Research Associate 1988 – 1990 The Salk Institute Post-Doctoral Fellow 1987 – 1988 HONORS Fellow, Linguistic Society of America 2019 Chair, Society for the Neurobiology of Language 2018 Chair, Linguistics Section of the AAAS 2014 Distinguished Professor, SDSU 2013 Outstanding Faculty Alumni Award 2011 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement for Science 2010 Top 25 Service Award, SDSU 2009 DISTINGUISHED SERVICE Language -
Effects of Learning American Sign Language on Co-Speech Gesture
Effects of Learning American Sign Language on Co-speech Gesture Shannon Casey Karen Emmorey Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience San Diego State University Anecdotally, people report gesturing more after learning ASL • If true, this would indicate an unusual effect of the non-dominant L2 language (ASL) on the dominant L1 language (English) – Gesture creation interacts on-line with speech production processes (e.g., McNeill, 2005) • For spoken languages, cross-language interference rarely occurs from the L2 to the L1 Overview • Study 1: Survey of signed vs. spoken language learners after one year of instruction • Study 2: Longitudinal study of signed vs. spoken language learners before and after one year of instruction Study 1: Survey • Students surveyed after two semesters of a foreign language at San Diego State University: – ASL, N = 102 – French, N = 72 – Italian, N = 47 – Spanish, N = 119 (total spoken learners = 238) Survey Questions 1. After learning French/Italian/Spanish/ASL, do you think you gesture while talking (in English): less more the same 2. Do you feel that gestures you make while talking have changed since learning French/Italian/ Spanish/ASL? yes no 3. If yes, please explain how you think your gestures have changed. Most ASL learners felt their gesture frequency increased after 1 year Perceived Gesture Frequency 100 90 80 70 60 Increase 50 Decrease Same 40 30 Percent of Respondents 20 10 0 ASL (N = 101) French (N = 71) Italian (N = 47) Spanish (N = 119) ASL learners, unlike spoken language learners, -
2013 World Championships Statistics - Men’S 1500M by K Ken Nakamura
2013 World Championships Statistics - Men’s 1500m by K Ken Nakamura The records to look for in Moskva: 1) Can Ayanleh Souleiman win first medal for Djibuji in this event at the Worlds? All time Performance List at the World Championships Performance Performer Time Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 3:27.65 Hicham El Guerrouj MAR 1 Sevilla 1999 2 2 3:28.73 Noah Ngeny KEN 2 Sevilla 1999 3 3 3:30.57 Reyes Estevez ESP 3 Sevilla 1999 4 3:30.68 Hicham El Guerrouj 1 Edmonton 2001 5 4 3:31.10 Bernard Lagat KEN 2 Edmonton 2001 6 5 3:31.34 Fermin Cacho ESP 4 Sevilla 1999 7 6 3:31.54 Driss Maazouzi FRA 3 Edmonton 2001 8 3:31.77 Hicham El Guerrouj 1 Paris 2003 9 7 3:31.83 Andres Diaz ESP 5 Sevilla 1999 10 8 3:31.91 William Chirchir KEN 4 Edmonton 2001 11 9 3:32.31 Mehdi Baala FRA 2 Paris 2003 12 3:32.34 Reyes Estevez 5 Edmonton 2001 13 10 3:32.84 Noureddine Morceli ALG 1 Tokyo 1991 14 11 3:33.17 Ivan Heshko UKR 3 Paris 2003 15 12 3:33.32 Laban Rotich KEN 6 Sevilla 1999 16 13 3:33.47 Paul Korir KEN 4 Paris 2003 17 14 3:33.68 Rui Silva POR 5 Paris 2003 18 3:33.73 Noureddine Morceli ALG 1 Göteborg 1995 19 15 3:33.82 David Lelei KEN 7 Sevilla 1999 20 3:33.84 Reyes Estevez 6 Paris 2003 21 16 3:33.99 Gert-Jan Liefers NED 7 Paris 2003 22 3:34.02 Driss Maazouzi 8 Sevilla 1999 23 3:34.24 Noureddine Morceli 1 Stuttgart 1993 24 17 3:34.29 Jose Redolat ESP 6 Edmonton 2001 25 18 3:34.32 Steve Holman USA 9 Sevilla 1999 26 19 3:34.37 Vyacheslav Shabunin RUS 8 Paris 2003 27 20 3:34.69 Rashid Ramzi BRN 1sf2 Helsinki 2005 28 3:34.77 Bernard Lagat USA 1 Osaka 2007 29 21 3:34.84 -
2011 Asian Championships Statistics – Men's 1500M
2011 Asian Championships Statistics – Men’s 1500m Can Bilal Mansour Ali be the first to win both 800m and 1500m in the Asian Championship? All time performance list at the Asian Championships Performance Performer Time Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 3:38.60 Kim Soon-Hyung KOR 1 Manila 1993 2 2 3:38.95 Bahadur Prasad IND 2 Manila 1993 3 3 3:41.33 Mohammed Sulaiman QAT 1 Djakarta 1995 4 4 3:41.66 Rashid Ramzi BRN 1 Manila 2003 5 3:42.64 Mohammed Sulaiman QAT 1 Kuala Lumpur 1991 6 5 3:42.79 Song Mingyou CHN 2 Djakarta 1995 6 5 3:42.79 Saif Saeed Shaheen QAT 2 Manila 2003 8 7 3:42.96 Fumikazu Kobayashi JPN 3 Manila 2003 9 8 3:43.02 Ahmed Ibrahim Warsama QAT 3 Manila 1993 10 3:43.70 Mohammed Sulaiman QAT 1 Fukuoka 1998 11 9 3:44.12 Hamid Sadjadi IRI 4 Manila 1993 12 10 3:44.24 Ali Abubaker Kamal QAT 1 Incheon 2005 13 11 3:44.38 Kiyonari Shibata JPN 2 Fukuoka 1998 14 12 3:44.57 Adnan Taees Akkar IRQ 2 Incheon 2005 15 13 3:44.74 Suresh Yadav IND 1 Kuwait City 1983 16 14 3:44.81 Malekshir Moradifar IRI 5 Manila 1993 17 15 3:44.82 Mohamed Othman Shahween KSA 1h1 Guangzhou 2009 18 16 3:44.92 Cheng Bing CHN 3 Fukuoka 1998 19 17 3:45.01 Kim Bong-Yu KOR 2 Kuala Lumpur 1991 20 3:45.08 Kim Soon-Hyung 3 Djakarta 1995 21 18 3:45.11 Duan Xiuquan CHN 1 Singapore 1987 22 19 3:45.41 Shigeki Nakayama JPN 2 Singapore 1987 23 20 3:45.63 Yasunori Uchitomi JPN 4 Djakarta 1995 24 21 3:45.67 Susumu Yoshida JPN 2 Manila 1983 25 22 3:45.76 Yutaka Hoshino JPN 3 Singapore 1987 26 23 3:45.77 Najem Abdullah Mutlaq Al-Sowailem KUW 3 Kuwait City 1983 26 3:45.77 Bahadur Prasad -
XXX Juegos Olímpicos Londres (GBR) 3/12 Agosto 2012 - Estadio Olímpico De Stratford
XXX Juegos Olímpicos Londres (GBR) 3/12 agosto 2012 - Estadio Olímpico de Stratford - HOMBRES man 10.13 - 4. Warren Fraser BAH 10.27 - 5. Miguel López PUR 10.31 - 6. Gérard Kobéané BUR 10.48 - 7. Fabrice Coif- 100m fic MRI 10.59 Ronda Preliminar (4) - clasifican 4 primeros de cada serie + 4 mejores tiempos Semifinales (5) - Clasifican 3 primeras de cada serie + 2 Elim.1 (0,9): 1. Rojas 10.62 - 2. Kimbembe 10.68 - 3. da mejores tiempos Silva 10.69 - 4. Joseph Andy Lui TGA 11.17 - 5. Mohan Khan Sf.1 (0,7): 1. Gatlin 9.82 - 2. Martina 9.91 - 3. Powell 9.94 BAN 11.25 - 6. Kilakone Siphonexay LAO 11.30 - 7. Chris- - 4. Keston Bledman TRI 10.04 - 5. Ben Youssef Meité CIV topher Lima da Costa STP 11.56 10.13 - 6. Jimmy Vicaut FRA 10.16 - 7. James Dasaolu GBR Elim.2 (0,9): 1. Themen 10.55 - 2. Lumain 10.80 - 3. Wil- 10.18 - 8. Suwaibou Sanneh GAM 10.18 fried Bingangoye GAB 10.89 - 4. Liagat Ali PAK 10.90 - 5. Sf.2 (1,0): 1. Bolt 9.87 - 2. Bailey 9.96 - 3. Thompson 10.02 Rodman Teltull PLW 11.06 - 7. Tavevele Noa TUV 11.55 - 7. - 4. Dwain Chambers GBR 10.05 - 5. Gerald Phiri ZAM 10.11 Timi Garstang MHL 12.81 - 6. Daniel Bailey ANT 10.16 - 7. Antoine Adams SKN 10.27 - Elim.3 (1,7): 1. Bosse 10.55 - 2. Yeo 10.57 - 3. Ahmed 8. Bingtian Su CHN 10.28 10.79 - 4. -
2013 World Championships Statistics – Men's 800M by K Ken Nakamura
2013 World Championships Statistics – Men’s 800m by K Ken Nakamura The records to look for in Moskva: 1) Can Mohamed Aman become the first World Youth medalist to win a medal at the Worlds? 2) The best medal by the US is bronze. Can Solomon or Symmonds to better? All time Performance List at the World Championships Performance Performer Time Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 1:43.06 Billy Konchellah KEN 1 Roma 1987 2 2 1:43.30 Wilson Kipketer DEN 1 Sevilla 1999 3 3 1:43:32 Hezekiel Sepeng RSA 2 Sevilla 1999 4 1:43.38 Wilson Kipketer 1 Athinai 1997 5 4 1:43.41 Peter Elliott GBR 2 Roma 1987 6 5 1:43.65 Willi Wülbeck FRG 1 Helsinki 1983 7 6 1:43.70 Andre Bucher SUI 1 Edmonton 2001 8 7 1:43.76 Jose Luiz Barbosa BRA 3 Roma 1987 9 8 1:43.91 David Rudisha KEN 1 Daegu 2011 10 1:43.99 Billy Konchellah 1 Tokyo 1991 11 9 1:44.00 Norberto Tellez CUB 2 Athinai 1997 12 10 1:44.18 Djabir Said-Guerni ALG 3 Sevilla 1999 13 11 1:44.20 Rob Druppers NED 2 Helsinki 1983 13 1:44.20 David Rudisha 1sf3 Daegu 2011 15 1:44.24 Jose Luiz Barbosa 2 Tokyo 1991 15 12 1:44.24 Rashid Ramzi BRN 1 Helsinki 2005 17 13 1:44.25 Rich Kenah USA 3 Athinai 1997 18 14 1:44.26 Patrick Konchellah KEN 4 Athinai 1997 18 14 1:44.26 Yuriy Borzakovskiy RUS 1sf1 Helsinki 2005 20 16 1:44.27 Joaquim Cruz BRA 3 Helsinki 1983 21 1:44.30 Rashid Ramzi 2sf1 Helsinki 2005 22 17 1:44.33 Gary Reed CAN 1sf3 Helsinki 2005 23 18 1:44.41 Wilfred Bungei KEN 2sf3 Helsinki 2005 23 18 1:44.41 Abubaker Kaki SUD 2 Daegu 2011 25 1:44.47 Andre Bucher 1sf2 Edmonton 2001 26 1:44.49 Yuriy Borzakovskiy 3 Daegu 2011 27 -
Bilingualism and Cognitive Reserve and Resilience NIA Virtual Workshop Division of Neuroscience March 2-3, 2021
Bilingualism and Cognitive Reserve and Resilience NIA Virtual Workshop Division of Neuroscience March 2-3, 2021 August 2, 2021 This meeting summary was prepared by Rose Li and Associates, Inc., under contract to the National Institute on Aging (NIA). The views expressed in this document reflect both individual and collective opinions of the workshop participants and not necessarily those of NIA. Writing, editing, and review by the following individuals is gratefully acknowledged: Shadya Sanders, Jubin Abutalebi, Suvarna Alladi, Miguel Arce Renteria, Thomas H. Bak, Ellen Bialystok, Esti Blanco-Elorrieta, Dana Carluccio, Karen Emmorey, Dave Frankowski, Tamar Gollan, John G. Grundy, Arturo Hernandez, Erika Hoff, Judith Kroll, Boon Lead Tee, Dan Mungas, Kenneth Paap, Christos Pliatsikas, Caroline Sferrazza, Nancy Tuvesson. Bilingualism and Cognitive Reserve and Resilience March 2-3, 2021 Table of Contents Acronym Definitions ............................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary................................................................................................................. 3 Meeting Summary .................................................................................................................. 5 Welcome and Introductions.................................................................................................... 5 Overview: Cognitive Reserve and Resilience in Aging ................................................................ -
Shook & Marian, 2012
Cognition 141 (2015) 9–25 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cognition journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/COGNIT Parallel language activation and inhibitory control in bimodal bilinguals ⇑ Marcel R. Giezen a, , Henrike K. Blumenfeld b, Anthony Shook c, Viorica Marian c, Karen Emmorey b a San Diego State University, 5250 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA b School of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1518, USA c Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA article info abstract Article history: Findings from recent studies suggest that spoken-language bilinguals engage nonlinguistic Received 17 February 2014 inhibitory control mechanisms to resolve cross-linguistic competition during auditory Revised 1 April 2015 word recognition. Bilingual advantages in inhibitory control might stem from the need Accepted 3 April 2015 to resolve perceptual competition between similar-sounding words both within and between their two languages. If so, these advantages should be lessened or eliminated when there is no perceptual competition between two languages. The present study inves- Keywords: tigated the extent of inhibitory control recruitment during bilingual language comprehen- Bimodal bilingualism sion by examining associations between language co-activation and nonlinguistic Cross-linguistic competition Inhibitory control inhibitory control abilities in bimodal bilinguals, whose two languages do not perceptually Visual world paradigm compete. Cross-linguistic distractor activation was identified in the visual world paradigm, and correlated significantly with performance on a nonlinguistic spatial Stroop task within a group of 27 hearing ASL-English bilinguals. Smaller Stroop effects (indexing more effi- cient inhibition) were associated with reduced co-activation of ASL signs during the early stages of auditory word recognition. -
Language and Linguistics: Introduction | NSF - National Science Foundation
Language and Linguistics: Introduction | NSF - National Science Foundation RESEARCH AREAS FUNDING AWARDS DOCUMENT LIBRARY NEWS ABOUT NSF Language is common to all humans; we seem to be “hard-wired” for it. Many social scientists and philosophers say it’s this ability to use language symbolically that makes us “human.” Though it may be a universal human attribute, language is hardly simple. For decades, linguists’ main task was to track and record languages. But, like so many areas of science, the field of linguistics has evolved dramatically over the past 50 years or so. Languages come in many shapes and sounds. Language is simultaneously a physical process and a way of sharing meaning among people. Credit: Design by Alex Jeon, National Science Foundation Today’s science of linguistics explores: the sounds of speech and how different sounds function in a language the psychological processes involved in the use of language how children acquire language capabilities social and cultural factors in language use, variation and change the acoustics of speech and the physiological and psychological aspects involved in producing and understanding it the biological basis of language in the brain This special report touches on nearly all of these areas by answering questions such as: How does language develop and change? Can the language apparatus be "seen" in the brain? Does it matter if a language disappears? What exactly is a dialect? How can sign language help us to understand languages in general? Answers to these and other questions have implications for neuroscience, psychology, sociology, biology and more. More Special Reports Next: Speech is Physical and Mental https://www.acpt.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/linguistics1/intro.jsp[12/30/2019 3:39:39 PM] Language and Linguistics: Speech Is Physical | NSF - National Science Foundation RESEARCH AREAS FUNDING AWARDS DOCUMENT LIBRARY NEWS ABOUT NSF Humans are equipped with Click on illustrations for more detail.