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The Drying of Lake Urmia As a Case of the “Aralism” Concept in Totalitarian Systems
International Journal of Geography and Regional Planning IJGRP Vol. 4(1), pp. 043-063, May, 2018. © www.premierpublishers.org. ISSN: 1108-3450x Analysis The Drying of Lake Urmia as a Case of the “Aralism” Concept in Totalitarian Systems Nasser Karami Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway E-mail: [email protected] Similarities exist in countries with totalitarian regimes with respect to the environment and the widespread destruction of natural landscapes. Analyses of the drying of the Aral Sea in central Asia and Lake Urmia in Iran, and comparisons including the general environmental conditions of totalitarian systems, revealed similar behaviors toward the environment in the two contexts, as well as a unique pattern. The author proposes the term “Aralism,” since Aral Sea case demonstrates all dimensions of this perceived pattern. Most processes affecting the Aral Sea were similarly observable in the drying of Lake Urmia. Analysis of these dimensions was based on the pattern of “Aralism” and a comparison of 20 factors common to the drying process. The results revealed that political goals in totalitarian systems had affected the respective environments in different ways, but the most significant impact on the landscape was caused by an ideological project. The author concludes that much of the specific characteristic behavior of totalitarianism in the cultural landscape was observable in the natural landscape. In conclusion, the paper shows that “Aralism” is a form of development with negative impacts on nature, such as often occurs in totalitarian systems. Key words: Aral Sea, “Aralism”, totalitarianism, Lake Urmia, water management INTRODUCTION Specific reports on the Aral Sea show that not only warnings were published in mass media and responded to geographers but also managers and other decision- by the local population. -
A Study on the Local Geotechnical Status of Alluviums Lie on the Bedrock of Tabriz City
467 Ciência eNatura, Santa Maria, v. 37 Part 1 2015, p. 467−475 ISSN impressa: 0100-8307 ISSN on-line: 2179-460X A Study on the local geotechnical status of alluviums lie on the bedrock of Tabriz city Ali Javdani 1, Mikael Yusefzadeh-Fard 2 1 M.Sc Geotechnical Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, iran 2 Ph.d Geotechnical Engineering, Academic member of Tabriz Azad University Abstract Tabriz is one of cities in Iran that has faced several earthquakes because it is located on a fault. Different parameters are involved related to seismic hazards of one particular region, that investing each of them is essential. One of the effective factors that has been recognized according to different earthquake experiences worldwide, is the local and geotechnical status of alluviums lie on the bedrock. In this study in order to acquire the earthquake acceleration in the region seismic bedrock, the “PSHA” probabilistic procedure has been applied. In this regard, firstly seismic parameters of the region have been acquired and then considering all the faults of the region and modeling the seismic sources and by means of “Seisrisk” software, the maximum acceleration of the bedrock (PGA) for an earthquake with return period of 475 years in the urban range has been resulted which have been presented as level curve maps of maximum acceleration of bed rock. Afterwards by means of Geotechnical data collected from exploratory bore holes excavated in the region and other sources, finally 51 representative seismic Geotechnic profiles has been prepared. in order to execute the alluvium response analyze, region bedrock seismic movement estimation is needed. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Dr. Rahim Heydari Chianeh (PhD) Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography and Planning P.Box 23 29 Bahman Av., University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Fax: + 98 411 333 56 013 Phone: 333 62 330 (Home) 333 92 298 (Office) Mob.: 09144194700 Email: [email protected] Kimlik no 2909074277 Personal Data: Name Surname Date of Birth Nationality Sex Marital Status RAHIM HEYDARI-CHIANEH 1974/4/22 IRAN M Mar. Telephone Fax E-mail +98 41 33 36 23 30 +98 41 33 35 60 13 [email protected] Educational Background: Certificate Degree Field of Specialization Name of Institution Attended Date Received URBAN UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ, IRAN 1999 M. A. PLANNING AND GEOGRAPHY URBAN UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ, IRAN 2004 Ph.D PLANNING AND GEOGRAPHY Title of Doctorate Thesis: AN EVALUATION OF IRANIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY PLANNING Title of Post-Graduate Thesis: ROLE OF GREEN SPACES IN URBAN PLANNING CASE STUDY: TABRIZ METROPOLIS 1 Teaching Experiences: Over than 25 Course in B.A, M.A., and PhD degrees from 1999 up to now, some of them are in the table below: Dates Title of Course Level Name of Institution From To Urban Tourim Ph.D 2009 Up Dept. of Geography and Urban to Planning, University of Tabriz now Tourism Marketing B.A 2001 - Dept. of Tourism Management, University of Tabriz Tourism Geography B.A 2000 - Dept. of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tabriz Urban Geography “ “ - “ Philisophy of Geography “ 2002 - “ Reginal Planning M.A 2007 - “ Population Geography ,, 2003 - “ Demography ,, 2003 - “ Urban Development ,, 2002 - “ Tourism Geography M.A 2007 - “ Tourism in Iran 2001 2009 ITTO Philisophy of Geography M.A 2010 - Aras International Campus University of Tabriz Population Geography M.A 2010 2014 “ Analysis Ecotourism Planning M.A 2011 - Dept. -
The Role of Free Trade Zones in Economic Development (Case Study: Iran's Aras Free Trade Zone )
J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 2(11)11196-11201, 2012 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2012, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com The Role of Free Trade Zones in Economic Development (Case Study: Iran's Aras Free Trade Zone ) Mohammad Balazadeh Abriz Ph.D. Student in Economics, University of Khazar, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan. ABSTRACT Establishment of free zones in the world has a history of several decades. In 1991 the first steps for the establishment of 'free trade zones - Industrial "were taken in various discussions about it in the press, radio and television, the parliament, the economic and social carried out in different circles and different views have been presented, but the reality It is still, after 18 Years, except for the few "free zone" so that it should not clear exactly. Now that the rules' free trade zones - industrial "approved by the government, the parliament and the Expediency Council received adequate information from the areas of the undeniable success in attracting investment and technology, creating employment, reducing imports, increase exports, changing the social fabric of southern and central areas, positive changes in the internal and external migration, and tourism will be made available to those interested. Another choice is recommended as the import substitution policies. Given the importance of Economic development in countries the main objective of this study was to investigate the role of Aras free trade zone in economic development of Iran. KEYWORDS: Aras, Free Trade Zone, Economic development, Iran. 1. INTRODUCTION Zone is not easily defined. In recognition of this, some common terms are given in the areas of: Zone 1, 2 Commercial Zone, Industrial 3 Zone 4 Zone Commercial - Industrial Export Processing Zone 5, and 6 special economic zone; 7 foreign trade zone, free zone exports 8, 9 Sadratsaz zone, Zone 10 of the Law Customs, 11 from the free zone; 12 regional development funding[1]. -
Support for Protected and Conserved Areas and Governance in Iran
Support for Protected and Conserved Areas and Governance in Iran Workshop on Governance Assessment of Protected and Conserved Areas (PCAs) in Iran Workshop on Transboundary Conservation in Iran and Neighbouring Countries 30 July-7 August, 2016 Shahsevan Tribal Confederacy, Summering Grounds, Ardabil, Iran Jolfa, Aras Free Zone, East Azerbaijan, Iran Workshop on Governance Assessment of Protected and Conserved Areas (PCAs) in Iran, Takle Tribe summering grounds, Mount Savalan Report No. 2 Cenesta, January 2017 1 | P a g e Support for Governance of Protected and Conserved Areas in Iran, Report No. 2 Contents Description .............................................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 5 1. Workshop on Governance Assessment of Protected and Conserved Areas in Iran ............................ 7 Workshop Preparations ....................................................................................................................... 7 Venue and ICCA Description ............................................................................................................. 9 Participating Stakeholders and Right Holders .................................................................................. 10 1.1 Workshop Programme ............................................................................................................... -
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト ● Asia 4 Bangladesh 7 China アジア バングラデシュ 中国 1 Afghanistan 9 Khulna 6 Hangzhou アフガニスタン クルナ 杭州(ハンチォウ) 1 Herat 10 Kotwalipara 7 Wuhan ヘラート コタリパラ 武漢(ウハン) 2 Kabul 11 Meherpur 8 Cyprus カブール メヘルプール キプロス 3 Nili 12 Moulvibazar 1 Aglantzia ニリ モウロビバザール アグランツィア 2 Armenia 13 Narayanganj 2 Ammochostos (Famagusta) アルメニア ナラヤンガンジ アモコストス(ファマグスタ) 1 Yerevan 14 Narsingdi 3 Kyrenia エレバン ナールシンジ キレニア 3 Azerbaijan 15 Noapara 4 Kythrea アゼルバイジャン ノアパラ キシレア 1 Agdam 16 Patuakhali 5 Morphou アグダム(県) パトゥアカリ モルフー 2 Fuzuli 17 Rajshahi 9 Georgia フュズリ(県) ラージシャヒ ジョージア 3 Gubadli 18 Rangpur 1 Kutaisi クバドリ(県) ラングプール クタイシ 4 Jabrail Region 19 Swarupkati 2 Tbilisi ジャブライル(県) サルプカティ トビリシ 5 Kalbajar 20 Sylhet 10 India カルバジャル(県) シルヘット インド 6 Khocali 21 Tangail 1 Ahmedabad ホジャリ(県) タンガイル アーメダバード 7 Khojavend 22 Tongi 2 Bhopal ホジャヴェンド(県) トンギ ボパール 8 Lachin 5 Bhutan 3 Chandernagore ラチン(県) ブータン チャンダルナゴール 9 Shusha Region 1 Thimphu 4 Chandigarh シュシャ(県) ティンプー チャンディーガル 10 Zangilan Region 6 Cambodia 5 Chennai ザンギラン(県) カンボジア チェンナイ 4 Bangladesh 1 Ba Phnom 6 Cochin バングラデシュ バプノム コーチ(コーチン) 1 Bera 2 Phnom Penh 7 Delhi ベラ プノンペン デリー 2 Chapai Nawabganj 3 Siem Reap Province 8 Imphal チャパイ・ナワブガンジ シェムリアップ州 インパール 3 Chittagong 7 China 9 Kolkata チッタゴン 中国 コルカタ 4 Comilla 1 Beijing 10 Lucknow コミラ 北京(ペイチン) ラクノウ 5 Cox's Bazar 2 Chengdu 11 Mallappuzhassery コックスバザール 成都(チォントゥ) マラパザーサリー 6 Dhaka 3 Chongqing 12 Meerut ダッカ 重慶(チョンチン) メーラト 7 Gazipur 4 Dalian 13 Mumbai (Bombay) ガジプール 大連(タァリィェン) ムンバイ(旧ボンベイ) 8 Gopalpur 5 Fuzhou 14 Nagpur ゴパルプール 福州(フゥチォウ) ナーグプル 1/108 Pages -
JBES-Vol-11-No-6-P-1
J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2017 Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 11, No. 6, p. 1-8, 2017 http://www.innspub.net RESEARCH PAPER OPEN ACCESS Trend of groundwater quality change in two basins in North Lake Urmia (Case Study: Shabestarand Tasuj Plain) Mahnaz Ranjpishe1, Majid Karimpour Rayhan*1, Gholamreza Zehtabian2, Hassan Khosravi2 1International Desert Research Center, University of Tehran, Iran 2Department of Arid and Mountainous Regions Reclamation, University of Tehran, Iran Article published on December 27, 2017 Key words: Groundwater, North of Lake Urmia, Water quality, Simple kiriging, Geostatistics Abstract Nowadays, water resources scarcity has become one of the most important issues in arid and semi-arid regions including Iran which makes it necessary to optimize the utilization of the limited resources. The present study investigates the changes in the quality of groundwater using geostatistical methods in the Shabestar and Tasuj plain during a 10-year period. In this study, after selecting the appropriate spatial interpolation method to draw water quality parameters such as Total dissolved solids, Sodium absorption ratio, Chlorine and Electrical conductivity, zoning maps of two plain were provided for three periods of time: the first period (2002-2005), an intermediate period (2006-2009) and the final period (2010-2012) using ArcGIS 10.1. The best model (simple kiriging) with the lowest estimated error was selected for zoning water quality parameter. Comparison of quality parameters of spatial zoning maps showed that the in Tasuj rate of TDS had an increasing trend in plain Southern boundaries (Lake Urmia adjoining) for a 10 -year period, and also the rate of EC was developing in the core shape to the Southeast and Western Region But there were no significant changes in the region for SAR parameter. -
Eid Al-Fitr Prayers in Al-Aqsa Mosque
WWW.TEHRANTIMES.COM I N T E R N A T I O N A L D A I L Y 8 Pages Price 50,000 Rials 1.00 EURO 4.00 AED 43rd year No.13942 Saturday MAY 15, 2021 Ordibehesht 25, 1400 Shawwal 3, 1442 IRGC destroys Alekno invites NPC’s plan for Friday mosque of terrorist group 17 players to Iran diversifying petchem Damghan undergoes Page 2 for 2021 VNL Page 3 products underway Page 4 restoration Page 6 Rouhani calls on Muslim countries to defend Palestine TEHRAN – Iranian President Hassan Rouhani has urged Muslim countries to support the Palestinian people in the face of Israeli aggression. In a phone conversation with Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani on Thursday, the Iranian president under- lined the need for unity and cooperation See page 3 among Islamic countries in defending the Palestinian people. Continued on page 3 Development projects worth $1.47b inaugurated in free trade, special economic zones TEHRAN – President Hassan Rouhani on Thursday inaugurated numerous projects valued at 62 trillion rials (about $1.47 bil- lion) in the free trade and special economic zones of five different provinces across the country in an online event. Put into operation following the series of inaugurations started in the previous Iranian calendar year (ended on March 20), the said projects were based in the free trade and special economic zones of East Azarbaijan, Khuzestan, Alborz, Hormozgan, and Sis- tan-Baluchestan provinces. Continued on page 4 “That Day” chronicles Gen. Soleimani’s meeting with “The 23” crew Photo Illustration by Bahman Vakhshour TEHRAN – The Owj Arts and Media Organization has recently produced a documentary named “That Day” that gives images of Lieutenant-General Qa- ssem Soleimani’s meeting with the crew Tehran Times/ Tehran Times/ of the 2018 war drama “The 23”. -
In the Name of God
IN THE NAME OF GOD INFRASTRUCTURE, AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING INDUSTRIES, URBAN CIVILIZATION, TOURISM AND SERVICES SECTORS INVESTMENT PROJECT CONTENTS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS 1 Shahryar oil refinery 2 Hydro-electric power plant of Shahryar dam 4 Hydro-electric power plant of Giz-qalasi 6 Hydro-electric power plant of Marazad 8 Generating electricity and heat from natural gas (25 MW) 10 Transferring the Aras River water sources in East Azarbaijan 12 Tabriz wastewater treatment plant (2nd module) 14 Tabriz Subway 3rd line 18 AGRICULTURE & PROCESSING INDUSTRIES PROJECTS 21 Establishing a green-house in Jolfa sub-province 22 Green-house of Ajabshir sub-province 24 Green-house complex of Malekan sub-province 26 Planting summer crops in greenhouses though hydroponic 28 method Planting ornamental flower and plants in hydroponic method 30 with plastic covering Light & heavy slaughter house 34 Industrial slaughter house for light & heavy animals 36 Establishing a slaughter house for both Livestock and poultries; 38 freezing, processing and packing red and white meat Industrial slaughter of livestock in Marand sub-province 40 Industrial slaughter of livestock in Azarshar sub-province 42 Producing livestock meal supplements from date wastes 46 Recycling slaughterhouse wastes 48 Establishing a calf breading complex 50 Recycling slaughter wastes 52 Producing livestock, poultries and aquatics meal 54 PROCESSING INDUSTRIES 57 Red and white meat packing 58 Producing garlic powder and dried garlic 60 Producing carrot powder and processing beta-carotene from 62 carrot Producing kinds of ready-made foods 64 Producing aspartame and sweeteners 66 Producing pasteurized egg powder and liquid 68 Producing kinds of pickles, (pickled olive) and jams through 70 modern technology Producing barely water and malt 72 Extracting oil from grape seeds 74 Extracting gelatin through bone powder 76 Producing baby meal 78 Producing cheese rennet and starter 80 Aras Fruit drying and processing industries. -
Special Economic Zones in Iran
Iran’s Free Trade and Special Economic Zones: Challenges and Opportunities Hassan Hakimian* ([email protected]) To be presented at “Conference on Iranian Economy at a Crossroads: Domestic and Global Challenges” University of Southern California (USC) 18–19 September 2009 * Senior Lecturer in Economics, Cass Business School, City University, London. ([email protected]). This paper draws from an earlier work produced for the Middle East and North Africa Region, Social and Economic Development Group (MNSED) of the World Bank. The views expressed here and any errors or shortcomings are the responsibility of the author and not of the Bank. Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................2 2. THE RISE OF FREE ZONES ............................................................................................................3 3. DEVELOPMENT OF FREE ZONES IN IRAN – AN OVERVIEW ..............................................8 3.1 THE OBJECTIVES OF FREE TRADE AND SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES ................................................. 10 3.2 MAIN BENEFITS AND ATTRACTIONS ................................................................................................ 11 4. GOVERNANCE AND THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................. 13 4.1 GOVERNANCE .................................................................................................................................. 13 4.2 THE -
How to Influence the Native Environment Design on Ecotourism (Case Study: Aras Zone)
University College of Takestan Available online at http://UCTjournals.com UCT Journal of Research in Science, Engineering and Technology UCT. J. Resea. Scien. Engineer .Techno. (UJRSET) Volume 5 ,Issue 3 59-68 (2017) ISSN 2382-977X How to Influence the Native Environment Design on Ecotourism (Case Study: Aras Zone) Ebrahim Atazadeh1 and Mahnaz Mahmoudi Zarandi2 1MSc in architecture Department, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch 2Assistant professor in architecture architecture department, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch Original Article: Received 10 Oct. 2017 Accepted 10 Nov. 2017 Published 30 Nov. 2017 Keyword: ABSTRACT Aras free trade zone has a great potential in tourism industry development because of having Sustainability, specific economic situation, placement in zero boundary point, climate and natural varieties, sustainable various cultural-historical, natural, sport, industrial, and geographical tourism attractions development, along with commercial transactions with European countries and transit road to the sustainable northwest of the country. The existence of communicative infrastructures and having architecture, tourism national electricity, water, gas, and telephone network, access paths quality have provided proper conditions to utilize this zone in tourism industry relatively. Nonetheless, lack of welfare-service facilities and tourism recreational designs are the facing problems of this industry in Aras free zone. Therefore, features of this environment that can be effective based on the adapted designing principles with cultural and native elements were studied with sustainable architecture approach and considering sustainable development bases in rural areas, introduction of the present conditions regarding to the feasibility studies and identification of disadvantages and defects for tourism necessities in zone using natural present facilities in definition of application and identification of the present defects in space definition.1 1* This article is adopted from MSc thesis of Mr. -
Report and Opinion 2014;6(7)
Report and Opinion 2014;6(7) http://www.sciencepub.net/report Under-over ground Biomass characteristic of perennial Species (Eremostachys laciniata) in northwest Iran (Till area of shabestar) Ghassem Habibi bibalani2 ,٭Hamideh Shadkami1 1. M.Sc. On Plant Systematic-Ecology, Department of Plant biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran 2. Department of Agriculture, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran [email protected] ABSTRACT: Studies on assessment biomass variation in selected populations of Eremostachys laciniata were in northwest Iran (Till area of shabestar). Research aimed to investigate how root and shoot biomass production varies across a range of bulk densities and soil strengths. The research also sought to determine whether there is a threshold bulk density and/or soil strength that limit biomass production of roots and or shoots for perennial grasses. Root and shoot in these species were sampled in one stage from Mar to Aug. roots of plants stable soils on slope and provide resistance against the forces that improve slope instability. We studied: Eremostachys laciniata to determine its characteristics. Data were collected with random sampling in this aria with 1m2 in 64 quadrate plots. Mean, Max and Min over ground biomass of this plant is 0.66, 7.33, 3.27 g-2, respectively. [Hamideh Shadkami, Ghassem Habibi bibalani. Under-over ground Biomass characteristic of perennial Species (Eremostachys laciniata) in northwest Iran (Till area of shabestar). Rep Opinion 2014;6(7):55-58]. (ISSN: 1553- 9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8 Key words: Eremostachys laciniata, soil, under-over ground biomass and rangeland. 1. Introduction important to determine how the functions of Eremostachys, an important genus of family individual plant species change in mixed plant Labiatae, is distributed in the mountains of tropical communities and how plant functions vary in Asia, Talesh, Torcamenshan and Pacestan.