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The Magic of Howl's Moving Castle: an Analysis of Character

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Passage2018, 6(2), 72-85 The Magic of Howl’s Moving Castle: An Analysis of Character Development in a Fantasy Novel Mia Annisa Utami, Isti Siti Saleha Gandana English Language and Literature Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia [email protected] ABSTRACT The present study aims to examine the influence of magical events on the development of the major character in the novel Howl’s Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones. The present study uses qualitative approach, particularly descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by critically selecting the words, phrases, and sentences that reflect events with magical happenings. In analyzing the data, this study employs Nikolajeva’s (1988) magic laws and Tolkien’s (1966) functions of fantasy. The analysis reveals that the magical events influence the development of the main character through the magic laws, which portray certain functions of fantasy. The magic law that dominantly appears in the novel is consistency (i.e., the idea that the secondary world has rules that must be obeyed). Meanwhile, in terms of functions of fantasy, recovery (i.e., recapture the fundamental vision of things) becomes the dominant function primarily shown. The findings of the present study also indicate that, in the fantasy genre, the development of the character is triggered by the elements of surprise and the element of wonder presented in the novel. Keywords: character development, fantasy, magic, magical events 72 Mia Annisa Utami The Magic of Howl’s Moving Castle: An Analysis of Character Development in a Fantasy Novel INTRODUCTION helps to advance the whole story to Fantasy is one of the most popular be more interesting by building the literary genres. Chadbourn (2008) tension and struggles for the believes it is because fantasy fulfills characters. people’s desire to read for fun and to An example of fantasy fiction escape from reality. Unlike science that shows a strong presence of fiction that tends to be more magic is the novel Howl’s Moving technological and consists of full of Castle by Diana Wynne Jones. Set in big ideas, fantasy fiction is pretty the early 20th century where magic easy to read (Nicole, 2015). Since it is commonly used everywhere, the sets in a fictional universe full of novel tells a story of a young girl mystical creatures, fantasy stories named Sophie who is turned into a give the readers new experiences that 90-year-old woman by the witch’s are unfeasible in the real world. curse. Her journey to break the curse Through its fantastic elements, has led her into a wizard Howl’s fantasy offers a chance to break out moving castle. During her journey, from the rational world we get. One Sophie experiences magical events of the fantastic elements that which force her to deal with magic. commonly appear in the fantasy In the end, her character develops on genre is the presence of magic. impact as she views things Bailey (2006) defines magic differently. as the use of extraordinary power to The major character in make possible something impossible. Howl’s Moving Castle experiences It means that magic can do things the change of state after she beyond human reasoning. It is the undergoes the event with magical key element which drives fantasy happenings. It then becomes a stories (Sammons, 2010; Saricks, turning point for her to go on a 2009). In fantasy stories, the magical adventure to complete a presence of magic usually appears in mission. Basically, the characters in the form of magical abilities, magical the fantasy genre always creatures, or magical phenomena. It interconnected with magical events 73 Passage2018, 6(2), 72-85 in order to pursue their goals how it affected the development of (Nikolajeva, 2002). They start their major character. She disclosed that journey with the help of magic, fight the fantasy world served as a place with magic, and, in the end, for the major characters to escape accomplish their ‘happy ending’ with and found their true selves. the aids of magic as well. The The present study also puts interest presence of magic in the novel helps to investigate the presence of magic to construct the story by creating in fantasy stories but focuses on the some challenges for the major development of the major character character. As she gets along with only. It attempts to find out how the magic, consequently, it will affect magical events influence the her traits. Over the course of the development of the major character. story, her characters may gradually develop as the result of the magical LITERATURE REVIEW events she confronts along the Novel and Elements of a Novel journey (Sefton, 2011). Novel can be defined as a prose With regard to the narrative in a certain length and importance of the presence of magic complexity that tells an imaginative in fantasy, there are several studies story that connects a sequence of that have been conducted. For events which contain conflicts or example, a study by Watts (2006) problems to dramatize human analyzed how magic constructed the experience (Burgess, n.d.; Grambs, logic of the novel Harry Potter. This 1982, as cited in Napitupulu, 2010). study found that the logic of the Hawthorn (2001) states that there are novel Harry Potter was constructed the elements of a novel which are by making limitations on the magic. very useful in analyzing fiction: There was also a study conducted by narrative technique, plot, character, an Indonesian student, Hamzah structure, setting, theme, symbol and (2008). Her study was carried out to image, and speech and dialogue. investigate the function of fantasy Nevertheless, this study will only world for the major characters and elaborate the intrinsic elements that 74 Mia Annisa Utami The Magic of Howl’s Moving Castle: An Analysis of Character Development in a Fantasy Novel are related to the topic of the study. dialogue (Hawthorn, 2001)—are The elements are theme, plot, setting, connected to the characters. All these and character and characterization. elements will then help the Theme is the core idea of a characters to develop along the story. story. It may be stated or implied. In a longer story, such as novels, the Based on Jones (1968) explanation, development of characters becomes theme is underlying ideas that are an essential matter. presented by the author. Plot is the Characters are not only movement of a story. To be precise, formed with the strengths that make it is an organized sequence of events them stands out but also the and actions that build up the story weaknesses and flaws (Sefton, (Hawthorn, 2001). Setting is the 2011). They are completed by the social or physical context where the background, belief, fears, hopes, that actions in the story occur (Hawthorn, make the characters looks even more 2001). Kennedy (1983) defines real, relatable, and sympathetic to character as an imagined person who readers. As the story goes by, the occupies the story. It is the person characters will be challenged to that is represented in a narrative confront many conflicts which are story which has particular qualities: usually related to their own intellectual, emotional, moral weaknesses. When the characters qualities that can be interfered from undergo some changes after they his or her actions or his or her way of encounter some conflicts that means speaking (Abrams, 1999). the characters have gradually developed (Sefton, 2011). Character Development Character is one of important aspects Fantasy in a story. According to Coles Fantasy is one of popular genres in (2010), in fiction, all the intrinsic novels. There are many ways in elements—narrative technique, plot, defining fantasy. According to character, structure, setting, theme, Encyclopedia Britannica, fantasy is a symbol and image, and speech and narrative genre which is imaginative 75 Passage2018, 6(2), 72-85 and the story depends on the world in a new and refreshing strangeness of the setting and of the manner (Pu, 2012). By adding characters. While Gates, Steffel, and fantastic elements in the story, the Molson (2003) define fantasy as an readers are given a chance to refresh imaginative fiction that allows the their appreciation towards many readers to explore the mystery of life things. Fantasy stories help the without limited by place, time, or readers to see things without size. possessiveness rather it gives them experience to see things the way it Functions of Fantasy should be seen (Sammons, 2010). In an essay entitled On Fairy Stories, Out of the three functions, Tolkien (1966, as cited in Sammons, Tolkien (1966, as cited in Sammons, 2010) believes that there are three 2010) thinks that escape is the main main functions of fairy stories: function of fantasy stories. Fantasy recovery, escape, and consolation. helps the readers to escape from the Tolkien (1966, as cited in viciousness of world. Tolkien (1966, Sammons, 2010) describes recovery as cited in Pu, 2012) says that as “regaining a clear view of things” fantasy stories portray the human (p.165). It means that, by reading wills to escape from any hideous fantasy stories, the readers may find things into a more hospitable living a new vision in seeing every day to the human life. They find this things in real life. The act of possibility of a better life in the recovery is important since it allows fantasy world. In addition, fantasy is the reader to see most fundamental not merely about escaping from the things in our primarily world afresh reality, but also a place to satisfy (Sammons, 2010). In the primary human’s desire. According to Lewis world, our familiarity towards things (1975, as cited in Sammons, 2010), makes us less appreciate and “loses a fantasy also deals with the sense of total participation in the fulfillment of wishes.
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