DOCSLIB.ORG

Malnutrition and the Heart

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Malnutrition and the Heart I Current Review Malnutrition and the heart John G. Webb, MD Marla C. Kiess, MD, FRCPC Clifford C. Chan-Yan, MD, FRCPC Earlier concepts that the heart is spared in tante du point de vue clinique mais qu'on ne malnutrition have been shown to be incorrect. soupconne pas toujours. Une therapeutique nu- Inadequate intake of protein and energy results tritive est susceptible d'ameliorer certains mala- in proportional loss of skeletal and myocardial des souffrant de cachexie cardiaque qui devront muscle. As myocardial mass decreases, so does subir une intervention de chirurgie cardiaque et the ability to generate cardiac output; however, d'autres qu'une perte rapide de poids expose i la various compensatory factors come into play. mort subite par arythmie. Les malades hospitali- Nutritional supplementation for malnourished sds souffrent souvent de malnutrition; beaucoup patients reverses the compensatory factors and d'entre eux bEnEficient maintenant d'une thdra- may increase the short-term potential for heart peutique nutritive. Ces deux faits ont d'impor- failure. Severe cardiac debility results in poor tantes incidences sur le coeur. nutrition, which may in turn produce unsus- pected but clinically significant myocardial atro- phy. Nutritional support may play a role in he effects of specific nutritional deficiencies improving cardiac function in selected patients of vitamins and trace elements on the heart with cardiac cachexia who are being prepared are not well understood. Thiamine deficien- for cardiac surgery and in patients with rapid cy produces peripheral vasodilation,1 with resul- weight loss who are at risk for sudden death due tant high-output cardiac failure, and certain elec- to arrhythmias. Malnutrition is common in hos- trolyte deficiencies reduce cardiac contractility.2-4 pitalized patients, and many patients in hospital Selenium deficiency has been associated with a now receive nutritional supplementation; both cardiomyopathy common in certain regions of facts have important cardiac implications. China,56 and fatal selenium cardiomyopathy has been reported in patients receiving long-term par- enteral nutrition.7-9 On a cru a tort que le coeur ne souffre pas dans Of more clinical importance, however, is les etats de malnutrition. L'apport insuffisant de "protein-calorie" malnutrition - starvation. Exam- proteines et de calories determine le meme ination of the patient may suggest malnutrition on degre d'atrophie au myocarde et k la musculatu- the basis of decreased body fat and skeletal mus- re de l'appareil locomoteur. La perte de masse cle. Anthropometric assessment, including mea- myocardique diminue le debit cardiaque. Des surement of the triceps skinfold thickness and of phenomenes compensateurs entrent alors en jeu; the arm muscle circumference and calculation of leur renversement par un apport nutritif sup- the weight/height index and the creatinine/height plementaire augmente parfois, k breve echeance, index, is easily performed and permits comparison le risque de defaillance cardiaque. La faiblesse with tables of standard values.10'11 With more cardiaque elle-meme nuit a la nutrition, d'oiu advanced malnutrition, visceral proteins become possibilite d'une atrophie myocardique impor- depleted as well. When the rate of catabolism is increased, as with surgery, sepsis or severe illness, profound deficiencies of visceral proteins may From the Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital and develop before a loss of body fat or skeletal muscle University ofBritish Columbia, Vancouver becomes apparent. Visceral proteins are essential Reprint requests to: Dr. John G. Webb, Division of Cardiology, in wound healing, host defences, maintenance of Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ont. osmotic pressure and homeostatic enzymatic pro- M5T 2S8 cesses. Deficiencies of this compartment are more - For prescribing information see page 819 CMAJ, VOL. 135, OCTOBER 1, 1986 753 useful in assessing disorders than are losses of ately. However, because of the decrease in body body fat or skeletal muscle."1 Severe deficiency of size the stroke-volume index and the cardiac index visceral proteins may be suggested by low levels of remain normal or rise slightly.25'27'28 In addition, serum proteins, such as albumin and transferrin,1' systolic ejection phase indices of left ventricular or by anergy on skin testing with common anti- function, such as ejection fraction and mean rate of gens.12"13 shortening of left ventricular circumferential fibres, Anthropometric and laboratory assessments remain normal or increase slightly.27 Therefore, have suggested that 25% to 50% of patients in despite the decrease in muscle mass, the needs of hospital for more than 2 weeks suffer from some the circulation are met by these compensatory degree of protein-calorie malnutrition.14"15 Many mechanisms. disorders are associated with rapid weight loss and In starvation there is a deficiency of protein poor intake or use of nutrients. Protein-calorie substrate for maintenance of muscle protein. Me- malnutrition, although common in patients in hos- tabolism is shifted toward catabolism of muscle pital, often goes unrecognized and can have im- protein for gluconeogenesis and maintenance of portant cardiac implications. the body's other critical protein-requiring func- tions. The decrease in cardiac size is likely both a result of impaired myocardial protein maintenance Protein-calorie malnutrition and an adaptive response to decreased demands. Skeletal, myocardial and visceral proteins can Concepts of the effect of starvation on the be decreased even in obese patients. If a person heart have recently changed. The earliest report of has insufficient protein or energy intake, as with a study, by Voit,'6 in 1866, involved two cats, one intestinal bypass surgery, fasting29 or dieting,2' of which was starved for 13 days. Comparing the protein catabolism may occur to a greater degree hearts, Voit found that the heart of the starved cat than fat catabolism. Thus, obesity does not ensure was only slightly smaller, and he concluded that adequate protein stores, and obese patients may the heart is "spared" in malnutrition. This concept have low levels of serum proteins, diminished was widely accepted until it became evident from skeletal muscle and reduced myocardial mass. large autopsy studies of starved people that the amount of cardiac tissue is usually reduced in proportion to the degree of emaciation of the rest Congestive cardiac failure of the body.17 During World War II Keys and colleagues The effect of protein-calorie malnutrition on placed healthy conscientious objectors on a "Euro- the heart may not be well recognized because it so pean famine diet", consisting of small quantities of rarely results in cardiac failure. Various compensa- turnips, potatoes and cereals. After 6 months on tory mechanisms mask the effects of myocardial this low-energy, low-protein diet, the volunteers' atrophy. Notably, blood pressure, heart rate, blood average weight loss was 25%. Radiographs volume and metabolic demands for oxygen deliv- showed that the heart size was markedly de- ery decrease in the malnourished patient.17-20'23'27 creased in all dimensions, the decrease in calculat- Carbohydrate and fat intake have a marked ed cardiac volume being 70% of the decrease in direct effect on the plasma catecholamine lev- total body weight.7",8 els.30'3' The fasting patient is in a hypoadrenergic Since this landmark study a decrease in heart state, and this likely plays a role in the bradycardia size and myocardial atrophy have been widely commonly found in starved patients.3233 In Keys documented in patients with kwashiorkor,18-20 en- and coworkers' original study the average heart ergy-restricted diets,21 anorexia nervosa22 and car- rate declined steadily from 56 to only 35 beats/ diac cachexia.18,23 Pathological studies have shown min at the height of starvation.'8 In addition, atrophy and vacuolization of cardiac muscle fibres, catecholamines stimulate the production of renin, with a decrease in size and, on occasion, fragmen- angiotensin and aldosterone. Low levels of cate- tation of myofibrils.24-26 cholamines in starved patients may lead to a fall in Heymsfield and associates27 correlated the de- blood pressure through both vasodilation and crease in heart size observed radiographically with decreased sodium retention.'8'23'32'33 Starvation is a a reduction in myocardial mass demonstrated by natriuretic state; conversely, carbohydrate intake in echocardiography. Comparing a group of malnour- a fasting person rapidly decreases renal sodium ished patients in hospital with height-matched excretion.3436 In addition, a malnourished patient controls, they found by radiography a 37% de- may ingest very little salt. In mild malnutrition the crease in heart volume and by echocardiography a plasma volume per unit weight may rise, but as 22% decrease in left ventricular mass due to malnutrition becomes more severe the plasma myocardial atrophy and a 37% decrease in end- volume often falls.37 The erythrocyte mass is often diastolic volume. The decrease in heart size was decreased with malnutrition, so the total blood proportional to the decrease in skeletal muscle volume usually falls.23'37 In Keys and coworkers' bulk. studies the total blood volume had decreased an As myocardial mass decreases in starvation, average of 8.6% and the venous pressure more stroke volume and cardiac output fall proportion- than 50% at the height of starvation.'7"18'23 In 754 CMAJ,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Association Between Serum Selenium Concentration
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The association between serum selenium concentration and prognosis in patients with heart failure in a Chinese population Zhiliang Zhang1,2, Chao Chang1, Yuxin Zhang2, Zhiyong Chai2, Jinbei Li3 & Chunguang Qiu1* Whether Selenium (Se) defciency relates with adverse prognosis in Chinese patients with heart failure (HF) is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum Se level and the outcomes of patients with HF in a Chinese population. Patients with HF and serum Se examination were retrospectively included. Baseline information were collected at patient’s frst admission. The primary and secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality and rehospitalization for HF during follow-up, respectively. The study participants were divided into quartiles according to their serum Se concentrations. The Cox proportional hazard models were adopted to estimate the association of serum Se levels with observed outcomes. A total of 411 patients with HF with a mean age of 62.5 years were included. The mean serum level of Se was 68.3 ± 27.7 µg/L. There was nonsignifcant diference of baseline characterizes between the four quartile groups. In comparison with patients in the highest quartile, those with the lowest quartile (17.40–44.35 µg/L) were associated with increased risk of all- cause mortality [adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) 2.32 (1.43–3.77); Ptrend = 0.001]. Our study suggested that a lower serum Se level was signifcantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with HF. Heart failure (HF) is an important disease burden worldwide with a 1–2% prevalence among global population1.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrative Analyses Identify Potential Key Genes and Pathways in Keshan
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.12.21253491; this version posted March 15, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Integrative analyses identify potential key genes and pathways in Keshan disease using whole-exome sequencing Jichang Huang1#, Chenqing Zheng2#, Rong Luo1#, Mingjiang Liu3, Qingquan Gu4, Jinshu Li5, Xiushan Wu6, Zhenglin Yang3, Xia Shen2*, Xiaoping Li3* 1 Institute of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China 2 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China 3 Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 4 Shenzhen RealOmics (Biotech) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China 5 Institute of Endemic Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 6 The Center of Heart Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Norma University, Changsha, China #, These authors contributed equally to this work. *, Authors for correspondence. NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.12.21253491; this version posted March 15, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Review and a Case Report of Selenium Responsive Cardiomyopathy Abdulrahman Al-Matary1*, Mushtaq Hussain1,2 and Jaffar Ali3,4
    Al-Matary et al. BMC Pediatrics 2013, 13:39 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2431/13/39 CASE REPORT Open Access Selenium: a brief review and a case report of selenium responsive cardiomyopathy Abdulrahman Al-Matary1*, Mushtaq Hussain1,2 and Jaffar Ali3,4 Abstract Background: The authors review the role of selenium and highlight possible low selenium levels in soil that may result in deficient states in Saudi Arabia. Case presentation: The authors report a case of selenium-responsive cardiomyopathy in a 15-month old Saudi Arabian boy. This case of selenium deficiency causing dilated cardiomyopathy is presented with failure to thrive, prolonged fever and respiratory distress. The investigations revealed selenium deficiency. Selenium supplementation along with anti-failure therapy [Furosimide, Captopril] was administered for 6 months. Following therapy the cardiac function, hair, skin and the general health of the patient improved significantly. Conclusion: The patient with dilated cardiomyopathy of unknown etiology, not responding to usual medication may be deficient in selenium. Serum selenium measurements should be included in the diagnostic work-up to ensure early detection and treatment of the disease. The selenium level in the Saudi population needs be determined. Vulnerable populations have to undergo regular selenium measurements and supplementation if indicated. Dependence on processed foods suggests that the Saudi population fortify themselves with nutrient and micronutrient supplements in accordance to the RDA. Keywords: Dilated cardiomyopathy, Glutathione, Peroxidase, Keshan disease, Selenoproteins, Selenium deficiency, Micronutrients deficiency Background plasma selenium levels and the disease, the level of sel- Selenium is an essential trace element in humans and enium in the supposedly healthy controls was at the animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Selenium in the Prevention of Anthracycline
    Selenium in the prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiac toxicity in children with cancer Nurdan Tacyildiz, Ankara Üniversitesi Derya Ozyoruk, Ankara Üniversitesi Guzin Ozelci Kavas, Ankara Üniversitesi Gulsan Yavuz, Ankara Üniversitesi Emel Unal, Ankara Üniversitesi Handan Dincaslan, Ankara Üniversitesi Semra Atalay, Ankara Üniversitesi Tayfun Ucar, Ankara Üniversitesi Aydan Ikinciogullari, Ankara Üniversitesi Beyza Doganay, Ankara Üniversitesi Only first 10 authors above; see publication for full author list. Journal Title: Journal of Oncology Volume: Volume 2012 Publisher: Hindawi | 2012-11-19, Pages 651630-651630 Type of Work: Article | Final Publisher PDF Publisher DOI: 10.1155/2012/651630 Permanent URL: https://pid.emory.edu/ark:/25593/v3x8z Final published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/651630 Copyright information: © 2012 Nurdan Tacyildiz et al. This is an Open Access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Accessed September 29, 2021 3:02 AM EDT Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Oncology Volume 2012, Article ID 651630, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2012/651630 Clinical Study Selenium in the Prevention of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Children with Cancer Nurdan Tacyildiz,1 Derya Ozyoruk,1 Guzin Ozelci Kavas,2 Gulsan Yavuz,1 Emel Unal,1 Handan Dincaslan,1 Semra Atalay,3 Tayfun Ucar,3 Aydan Ikinciogullari,4 Beyza Doganay,5 Gulsah Oktay,1 Ayhan Cavdar,6 and Omer Kucuk7 1 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medical
    [Show full text]
  • A Prospective Cohort Study Protocol of Gut Flora
    Li et al. BMC Cardiovasc Disord (2020) 20:481 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-020-01765-x STUDY PROTOCOL Open Access Risk factors for Keshan disease: a prospective cohort study protocol of gut fora Zhenzhen Li1,4, Jin Wei2,4, Yanping Zhang1,4, Gaopeng Li3, Huange Zhu1, Na Lei1, Qian He1,4, Yan Geng1,4 and Jianhong Zhu1,4* Abstract Background: Keshan disease is an endemic cardiomyopathy of undefned causes. Being involved in the unclear pathogenesis of Keshan disease, a clear diagnosis, and efective treatment cannot be initiated. However, the rapid development of gut fora in cardiovascular disease combined with omics and big data platforms may promote the discovery of new diagnostic markers and provide new therapeutic options. This study aims to identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis and further explore new therapeutic targets for Keshan disease. Methods: This cohort study consists of two parts. Though the frst part includes 300 participants, however, recruiting will be continued for the eligible participants. After rigorous screening, the blood samples, stools, electrocardiograms, and ultrasonic cardiogram data would be collected from participants to elucidate the relationship between gut fora and host. The second part includes a prospective follow-up study for every 6 months within 2 years. Finally, deep mining of big data and rapid machine learning will be employed to analyze the baseline data, experimental data, and clinical data to seek out the new biomarkers to predict the pathogenesis of Keshan disease. Discussion: Our study will clarify the distribution of gut fora in patients with Keshan disease and the abundance and population changes of gut fora in diferent stages of the disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Li, 2007. Selenium Deficiency and Endemic Heart Failure in China
    Changsheng Li Selenium Deficiency and Endemic Heart Failure in China: A Case Study of Biogeochemistry for Human Health A PECULIAR DISEASE their research strategy, the team selected Keshan County in Heilongjiang Province, the origin of Keshan disease, as their In 1937, a terrible disease of heart failure was reported in some first study area. By teaming up with the local medical doctors, rural areas in Heilongjiang, a far northeastern province of this group conducted a thorough field survey by literally China. Women and children were its primary victims. The walking across the entire county in 1968. They visited almost all disease frequently occurred without warning and led to the the villages in the county, obtaining information on the death of a large number of people. The major symptom of the incidence of Keshan disease as well the local environmental disease was myocardial necrosis, which led to acute hypoxia, conditions. Soil and drinking water samples were collected from vomiting, and finally death in several hours. Preliminary each of the villages for chemical analysis. The investigation investigations were conducted in the late 1930s and 1940s but resulted in a map of multiyear cumulative deaths from Keshan biotic infecting agents could not be identified. The peculiar disease, with the chemical composition of the drinking water disease was then named after the county, Keshan, where the and soils at the village level described for the county. The map first cases of death from the disease were reported. Since then, demonstrated an interesting pattern of Keshan disease in its Keshan disease was found in another 12 provinces across China geographic distribution in the county.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Differential Expression Profiles of Keshan Disease Lncrna/Mrna Genes Based on RNA-Seq
    421 Original Article A study of the differential expression profiles of Keshan disease lncRNA/mRNA genes based on RNA-seq Guangyong Huang1, Jingwen Liu2, Yuehai Wang1, Youzhang Xiang3 1Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Liaocheng, China; 2School of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, China; 3Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Control, Jinan, China Contributions: (I) Conception and design: G Huang, Y Xiang; (II) Administrative support: G Huang, Y Wang; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: G Huang, J Liu, Y Xiang; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: G Huang, J Liu; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: J Liu, Y Wang; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Guangyong Huang, MD, PhD. Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital of Shandong University, No. 67 of Dongchang Street, Liaocheng 252000, China. Email: [email protected]. Background: This study aims to analyze the differential expression profiles of lncRNA in Keshan disease (KSD) and to explore the molecular mechanism of the disease occurrence and development. Methods: RNA-seq technology was used to construct the lncRNA/mRNA expression library of a KSD group (n=10) and a control group (n=10), and then Cuffdiff software was used to obtain the gene lncRNA/ mRNA FPKM value as the expression profile of lncRNA/mRNA. The fold changes between the two sets of samples were calculated to obtain differential lncRNA/mRNA expression profiles, and a bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed. Results: A total of 89,905 lncRNAs and 20,315 mRNAs were detected.
    [Show full text]
  • Selenium Deficiency, Reversible Cardiomyopathy and Short-Term Intravenous Feeding J.B
    Postgrad Med J: first published as 10.1136/pgmj.70.821.235 on 1 March 1994. Downloaded from Postgrad Med J (1994) 70, 235 -236 i) The Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine, 1994 Selenium deficiency, reversible cardiomyopathy and short-term intravenous feeding J.B. Levy2, H.W. Jones' and A.C. Gordon3 'Department ofGeratology, 2Nuffield Department ofMedicine and 3Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK Summary: We report the case of a patient with Crohn's disease receiving short-term postoperative parenteral nutrition supplemented with trace elements who nevertheless became selenium deficient with evidence of a cardiomyopathy. This was fully reversible with oral selenium supplementation. Current parenteral feeding regimes may not contain enough selenium for malnourished patients. Introduction Selenium deficiency is well documented to cause ment of systolic function and a mildly dilated left cardiac disease both endemically (Keshan disease),' ventricle. Ejection fraction was calculated at 0.48. and in patients receiving long-term intravenous He had no further episodes of tachyarrhythmia feeding.2`5 There have been no reports of cardiac and was discharged after 3 days. Serum selenium dysfunction after short-term postoperative paren- levels at this time were markedly reduced at teral feeding. 0.3 ILmol/l (normal 0.8-2 jLmol/l) and red cell copyright. glutathione peroxidase activity was also impaired (10 u/g Hb; normal 13-25 u/g Hb). Case report He was treated with oral selenite (100l.g/24 hours). Repeat echocardiogram one month later A 27 year old man presented with symptomatic showed minimal diffuse hypokinesia (ejection frac- tachycardia and chest pain.
    [Show full text]
  • Coxsackievirus B3 Sequences in the Myocardium of Fatal Cases in A
    357 ORIGINAL ARTICLE J Clin Pathol: first published as 10.1136/jcp.2004.020099 on 24 March 2005. Downloaded from Coxsackievirus B3 sequences in the myocardium of fatal cases in a cluster of acute myocarditis in Greece N Spanakis, E N Manolis, A Tsakris, S Tsiodras, T Panagiotopoulos, G Saroglou, N J Legakis ............................................................................................................................... J Clin Pathol 2005;58:357–360. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2004.020099 See end of article for authors’ affiliations Aim: The investigation of three fatal cases during a nationwide cluster of cases of an upper respiratory ....................... tract infection (URTI) associated with myocarditis and/or pericarditis in Greece in 2002. Correspondence to: Methods: In the three women who died, necropsies were performed and tissue sections were taken for Dr A Tsakris, Department histological examination, antigen detection by immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence of Microbiology, Medical assay (IFA), amplification of viral genomes by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- School, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias PCR), and sequence analysis. Street, 115 27 Athens, Results: All samples showed histological signs of active myocarditis. Immunohistochemistry revealed the Greece; atsakris@med. presence of the enterovirus VP1 family of proteins and IFA revealed the presence of coxsackievirus B3 uoa.gr antigen. Nested RT-PCR amplified enteroviral alleles of the 59-untranslated region which were identical to Accepted for publication each other and to the coxsackievirus B3 sequences. 8 July 2004 Conclusions: This study provides pathological evidence of enteroviral infection among fatal myocarditis ....................... cases in a nationwide URTI cluster of cases associated with myocarditis and/or pericarditis. iral infections of the heart are important causes of METHODS morbidity and mortality in all ages.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Quantitative Proteomics Analysis in Chronic and Latent Keshan Disease by Itraq Labeling Approach
    www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Oncotarget, 2017, Vol. 8, (No. 62), pp: 105761-105774 Research Paper Preliminary quantitative proteomics analysis in chronic and latent Keshan disease by iTRAQ labeling approach Yuxiao Sun1,2, Chuanyu Gao1,2, Xianqing Wang1,2 and Yuhao Liu1,2 1Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China 2Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China Correspondence to: Chuanyu Gao, email: [email protected] Keywords: Keshan disease; iTRAQ; proteomics; DEPs; biomarker Received: August 12, 2017 Accepted: October 05, 2017 Published: November 11, 2017 Copyright: Sun et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ABSTRACT Keshan disease is a congestive cardiomyopathy. Dietary selenium deficiency combined with additional stressors are recognized to cause the cardiomyopathies. In this study, clinical condition of individuals with different subtypes including chronic and latent were analyzed. ECG abnormalities, chest radiography, echocardiography and blood selenium concentration were assessed. Subsequently, in effort to uncover proteins that were reliably changed in patients, isobaric tags for absolute and relative quantitation technology was applied. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed proteins were performed by means of Gene Ontology classification, KEGG pathway, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. ELISA experiment was used to detect the interesting proteins. As a result, chronic patients showed more EGC abnormalities compared to Latent. All patients had low blood selenium level. Proteomics data revealed 28 differentially expressed proteins.
    [Show full text]
  • Serum Selenium Levels in Cardiovascular Diseases Kalp
    Ankara Ecz. Fak. Der. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara 22, 1-2 (-1993) 22, 1-2 (1993) Serum Selenium Levels in Cardiovascular Diseases Kalp-Damar Hastalıklarında Serum Selenyum Düzeyleri Gülin GÜVENDİK* Nuray TÜMTÜRK* SUMMARY Various epidemiological and clinical researches have been carri- ed out in order to find out the relationship between selenium defici- ency and other diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer. In this study, we have aimed at determining serum selenium levels of the patients with acute myocardial infarction (A. M.I.), coronary artery disease (C.A.D), and the healthy control gro- up, and investigating whether there are any significant differences between the serum selenium levels of the healthy control group and the patients with A.M.I, and C.A.D. Mean serum selenium levels were found to be 38.59 ± 15.25 / L in the patients (n=22) with acute myocardial infarction, 37.20 ±11.44 / L in the patients (n = 27) with coronary artery disease, and 63.66 ± 11.71 / L in the healthy control group (n = 21). There was no significant differen- ce between mean serum selenium levels of the patients with A.M.I, and C.A.D (p>0.05), but significant differences have been found bet- ween the mean serum selenium levels of the healthy control group and the other two groups mentioned above. (p<0.01) ÖZET Selenyum eksikliği ile başta kardiovasküler hastalıklar ve kanser olmak üzere çeşitli hastalıklar arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyan çeşitli epidemiyolojik ve klinik çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada akut miyokard infarktüslü ve koroner arter hastalığı olan hastalarda serum selenyum düzeylerinin tayini ve sağlıklı kont- Redaksiyona verildiği tarih: 22.6.1993 *Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara Univer- sity Ankara-TURKEY Serum Selenium Levels in Cardiovascular Diseases 31 rollerle kıyaslanarak anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
    [Show full text]
  • Selenium Deficiency Associated Porcine and Human Cardiomyopathies
    Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 31 (2015) 148–156 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jtemb 10th NTES Symposium Review Selenium deficiency associated porcine and human cardiomyopathies a,∗ b c Marianne Oropeza-Moe , Helene Wisløff , Aksel Bernhoft a Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Kyrkjevegen 332-334, 4325 Sandnes, Norway b Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Department of Laboratory Services, Postbox 750 Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway c Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Department of Health Surveillance, Postbox 750 Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Selenium (Se) is a trace element playing an important role in animal and human physiological homeo- Received 2 May 2014 stasis. It is a key component in selenoproteins (SeP) exerting multiple actions on endocrine, immune, Accepted 4 September 2014 inflammatory and reproductive processes. The SeP family of glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px) inacti- vates peroxides and thereby maintains physiological muscle function in humans and animals. Animals Keywords: with high feed conversion efficiency and substantial muscle mass have shown susceptibility to Se defi- Se ciency related diseases since nutritional requirements of the organism may not be covered. Mulberry Mulberry Heart Disease (MHD) Heart Disease (MHD) in pigs is an important manifestation of Se deficiency often implicating acute heart Keshan Disease (KD) Deficiency failure and sudden death without prior clinical signs. Post-mortem findings include hemorrhagic and pale myocardial areas accompanied by fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac and pleural cavity.
    [Show full text]