Outline Design Study Report on the Project for The
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No. Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency The Islamic Republic of Pakistan OUTLINE DESIGN STUDY REPORT ON THE PROJECT FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE EARTHQUAKE-AFFECTED FACILITIES IN NORTH WEST FRONTIER PROVINCE IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN December 2006 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. BINKO INTERNATIONAL LTD. GM JR 06-237 PREFACE In response to a request from the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Government of Japan decided to conduct an outline design study on the project for the reconstruction of the earthquake-affected facilities and entrusted the study to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). JICA sent to Pakistan a study team for five field surveys during the period from January 25 to July 12, 2006. The team held discussions with the officials concerned of the Government of Pakistan, and conducted a field study at the study area. After the team returned to Japan, further studies were made. As this result, the present report was finalized. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of the project and to the enhancement of friendly relations between our two countries. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan for their close cooperation extended to the teams. December, 2006 Kuroki MASAFUMI Vice President Japan International Cooperation Agency December, 2006 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL We are pleased to submit to you the outline design study report on the project for the reconstruction of the earthquake-affected facilities in North West Frontier Province in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. This study was conducted by the Consortium of Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. and Binko International Ltd., under a contract to JICA, during the period from January, 2006 to December, 2006. In conducting the study, we have examined the feasibility and rationale of the project with due consideration to the present situation of Pakistan and formulated the most appropriate outline design for the project under Japan’s Grant Aid scheme. Finally, we hope that this report will contribute to further promotion of the project. Very truly yours, Yoshikimi INOUE Project Manager, Outline design study team on the Project for the Reconstruction of the Earthquake-Affected Facilities in North West Frontier Province in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan The Consortium of Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. and Binko International Ltd. SUMMARY (1) Existing Conditions of the Country The Islamic Republic of Pakistan (hereinafter referred to as Pakistan) is located in Southwest Asia and surrounded by neighboring countries of India, Afghanistan, and Iran. Pakistan has a national land area of 796,000 km2 and a population of 155.4 million in 2005. Nearly 60% of the total land of the country consists of dry or semi-dry climate, and about 60% of the population resides in Punjab plains in the central part. Mountains encompasses widely in the northern part area forming the forest range, with more than 60 mountain peaks beyond 6,700m. Among them, K-2 (8,611m) is a second highest mountain in the world. In summer from April to September The southern part and the low ground part become high temperatures of over 40 degree, while the northern part is clement. During winter, It becomes 10 to 20 degree in the south, while the northern part experiences below freezing point. The main industries of the national economy are agriculture and cotton industries. A gross domestic product (GDP) by industry in 2005 was estimated at 21.6% for agriculture, 25.1% for manufacturing, and 53.3% for service. GDP per capita in the same year was 847 USD/person. (2) Background of the Project A magnitude 7.6 earthquake occurred in Pakistan at 8:50 a.m. on 08 October 2005. The earthquake epicenter was located 100 kilometers north-northeast of Islamabad. The provinces of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and the northern districts of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) bore the full force of the earthquake in terms of number of lives lost, injuries sustained, and destruction of infrastructure and economic assets. According to the Government of Pakistan figures, as of November 3, approximately 73,000 people had died and more than 70,000 had been severely injured or disabled. Over 2.8 million persons have been left without shelter, and it is estimated that about 2.3 million persons are without adequate food. The Government of Pakistan submitted a request to the Government of Japan for Non-Project Grant Aid for the project for the reconstruction of the earthquake-affected facilities in North West Frontier Province (hereinafter referred to as “the Project”). The Government of Japan entrusted an outline design study for the Project to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (hereinafter referred to as “JICA”). JICA dispatched an outline design study team to Pakistan. The study team conducted surveys from January 23 to February 02, 2006 and confirmed the necessity, urgency, and appropriateness of this Project. Finally, the Government of Pakistan and the study team agreed on February 02, 2006 to carry out the outline design study on the reconstruction of earthquake-affected facilities for health and education sectors as the first priority and infrastructure sector as the second priority. People in the Battagram district are poorly provided with health facilities, of which the preparedness is evaluated at the lowest level among the districts in NWFP because the health facilities in the district are not accessible by roads suited for the vehicle transportation from residential areas, and water supply and sanitation systems are not provided. In addition to those reasons, the low literacy rate in the district obstructs the prophylaxis education. －S-1－ After the earthquake, the Pakistani government, NGOs, and Donors provided first-aid services for the affected peoples at temporally facilities and tents. However, the affected facilities are still not rehabilitated or reconstructed according to a mid-long term plan. Therefore, the Pakistani government requested the reconstruction of 34 earthquake-affected health facilities together with medical equipment in Allai Tehasil (county) and Battagram Tehasil in the Battagram district as presented in the table below. Table 1: Health Facilities Requested for Reconstruction Health Facilities Quantity (nos) District Headquarters (DHQ) 1 Rural Health Centers (RHC) 2 Basic Health Units (BHU) 28 Civil Hospital (CH) 1 Tuberculosis Control Center (TBC) 1 Executive District Office (EDO) 1 Total 34 Note: The DHQ includes the Mother and Child Health Center (MCHC). Primary and secondary education is formed by four different education levels that consist of the primary (for the first five years), middle (for the following three years), high (for the next five years), and high secondary (for the final two years) levels. From the primary levels, schools are separated for boys and girls. The number of schools affected in the primary level was estimated at 605 (equivalent to 90% of the total number of schools in this level), 44 in the middle level (95%), and 26 in the high and high secondary levels (72%). The total number of the schools affected was 675 that was equivalent to 92% of the total 727 schools in the district. Among those schools affected, the Pakistani government requested the reconstruction of 411 earthquake-affected schools that consist of 363 primary schools, 25 middle schools, and 411 high and high secondary schools. In addition to the 411 schools, the Pakistani government requested the reconstruction of a boys’ degree college. Table 2: Education Facilities for which Reconstruction was Requested Education Facilities Number of Affected Facilities Number of Facilities Requested (nos) (nos) Primary school 605 363 Middle school 44 25 High and high secondary school 26 23 Boys’ degree college 1 1 Total 675 411 As the second priority sector, the Pakistani government requested the reconstruction of bridges at seven locations, main access roads on seven routes with a total length of 128 km, and community roads on 14 routes with a total length of 227 km. (3) Basic Concept of the Project The outline design study team conducted a field survey and confirmed the necessity, urgency, and appropriateness of the Project. The study team prepared the criteria for selecting the facilities to be reconstructed in the Project as listed below. • Health sector: i) damage level, ii) accessibility, iii) site conditions, iv) number of doctors and medical staffs, v) number of outpatients, and iv) activities of other donors. • Education sector: i) damage level, ii) accessibility, iii) number of students and teachers, iv) site －S-2－ conditions, v) number of classrooms, vi) activities of other donors, vii) existing conditions of neighboring schools, and viii) land ownership. • Infrastructure sector (roads and bridges): i) damage level, and ii) contribution to the access improvement to the selected educational and health sector facilities. Then, the study team and the Pakistani government selected and agreed to the facilities to be reconstructed in the Project as presented in the table below. The study team and the Pakistani government selected 17 basic health units for the reconstruction; however the Pakistani government thereafter requested to upgrade four basic health units at Paimal Sharif, Rashang, Pashoto, and Shumlai to rural health centers. Since the additional request by the Pakistani government required new sites adequate for the upgrading the