Pullout 1 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, volume 286

Mangrove WA Elevated limestone Dunes ■ Pools 0 miles 3 L_ ----1------1 , 1

A revised place-name map of Aldabra (see p. 10). (Facing p. 264) [I]

INDEXES

References to entries in the microfiche included with this volume are made by the initial letter of the authors’ surname: F, Dawn W. Frith (p. 119); H, Sarah H. Hnatiuk (p. 247); W, G. E. Wickens (p. 85). AUTHOR INDEX

Page numbers in bold type are the starting pages of papers in this volume. Abbott, I., 254 Britton, E. B., 125 Drew, E. A., 66 Abbott, W. L., 22, 157 Broecker, W. S., 66 Dubois, Sieur, 157 Alexander, H. G. L., 6, 95, 241 Brooke, R. E., 208 Dumeril, A. M. C., 144 Allee, W. C., 246 Brooks, C. E. P., 22 Dupon, J. F., 157 Alston, A. H. G., 95 Brown, L. H., 208 Dupont, R. P., 22, 95, 157 Amadon, D., 208 Bruce, A. J., 6 Amerson, A. B., 83, 254 Bruce, R. W., 6 Edwards, G., 6 Anderson, F. F., 6 Bruggen, A. C. Van, 66 Edwards, K., 6 Andrews, R., 187 Bullen-Newton, R., 47 Eisikowitch, D., 108 Armitage, L. E., 230 Bullock, A. A., 83 Ely, C. A., 83 Arnold, E. N., 22, 47, 66, 127, 144, 176 Burleigh, R., 147,160 Emiliani, C., 66 Ashmole, N. P., 240 Busby, J. P., 6 Emlen, J. T., 221 Aspin, D., 22 Bush, G. L., 254 Epler, B., 146 Asprey, G. F., 83 Bustard, H. R., 187, 262 Ernst, C. H., 187 Atkinson, G., 157 Butterfield, M. R., 6 Etheridge, R., 66 Auffenberg, W., 144 Austin, P. R., 230 Cadbury, C., 4 Faegri, K., 108 Candolle, A. P. de, 95 Falla, R. A., 95 Bailon, M. H., 95 Carlquist, S., 95, 108, 254 Farrow, G. E., 33, 44, 66, 77, 221 Baker, B. H., 77, 240 Carpenter, T. H., 33 Fauvel, A. A., 157 Baker, H. G., 108 Carr, A., 262, 263 Findlater, J., 22, 95 Baker, J. G., 95 Carr, M. H., 262 Fitch, H. S., 175 Baldwin, S. P., 230 Caughley, G., 187 Flacourt, E. de, 157 Bannerman, D. A., 95 Cause, R., 6 Flint, D. E., 44 Barling, R. W. A., 230 Chappell, J. M. A., 66 Forbes-Watson, A. D., 6, 221 Barnes, J., 66 Charles, H., 10 Forster, G. R., 6 Barth, R. H., 254 Chaussard, A., 22 Fosberg, F. R., 44, 66, 77, 83, 95, 209, Battistini, R., 157 Chitty, D., 187 221, 246 Baty, S. G. E., 22, 95, 157 Chivers, I. G., 6 Foster, W., 157 Bayne, C. J., 95, 157, 240 Christian, J. J., 187 Fraser, F. C., 10 Becker, P., 108 Christiansen, J. L., 187 Frazier, J. G., 6, 95, 157, 175, 187, 230, Bellairs, A.D’A., 230 Clapp, R. B., 83 240, 262, 263 Bellamy, D. J., 66 Clark, W. I. C., 230 Fricke, H., 6 Benson, C. W., 66, 95, 97, 158, 208, Cobb, S., 175 Fricke, S., 6 209, 221, 240 Coe, M. J., 6, 125, 144, 163, 175, 176, Frith, C. B., 6, 95, 108, 125, 195, 209, Bergne, H. A’C., 157 177, 187, 188, 189, 193, 221 221 Berio, E., 125 Cogan, B. H., 22, 95, 115, 125, 157, 240 Frith, D. W., 6 ,119, 125, 209, 221 Bibron, G., 144 Collinge, W. E., 95 Froberville, E. de, 157 Biller, S. L., 208 Constance, A., 10 Froidevaux, H., 145, 157 Blackett, Lord, 10 Coppinger, R. W., 157 Frost, R., 22 Blackman, R. A. A., 125 Corner, E. J. H., 95 Fryer, J. C. F., 47, 66, 83, 158, 269 Blackmore, S., 6 Corwin, G., 44 Fuller, W. P., 44 Blackmore, P. J. M., 6 Cott, H. B., 66 Bloom, A. L., 66 Cowx, W. D., 6 Gadow, H., 145 Bone, D. G., 6 Cremers, G., 157 Gallsworthy, J. M., 6 Bone, S. E., 6 Cumming, D. H., 175, 187 Gans, C., 145 Bor, N. L., 95 Gaymer, R. D. T., 6, 95, 145, 175, 209 Bory de St-Vincent, J. B. G. M., 157 Dale, P. F., 6 Gentilli, J., 95 Boucher, K., 95 Dalrymple, A., 157 Gibbons, J. W., 187 Boulenger, G. A., 144 Davidson, W. E., 157 Gibson, C. W. D., 6 Bourn, D. M., 6, 22, 77, 84, 125, 144, Deherain, H., 157 Gibson, J., 6 145,163, 175, 187, 188,189, 193, 221, Dennis, J. V., 96 Gibson, T. S. H., 7, 255 230 Diakonoff, A., 125 Gill, F. B., 108 Bowman, R. I., 208 Diamond, A. W., 6, 95, 96, 125, 157, Gillett, J. B., 96 Braithwaite, C. J. R., 6, 22, 44, 47, 66, 209, 221, 230, 231, 240 Gillham, M. E., 7, 240 77, 95, 144, 175, 176, 187, 254 Dings, M. C., 44 Gordon, C., 147,159 Brier, G. W., 33 Donaldson, A., 6 Gould, M. S., 7 II ALDABRAN ECOLOGY

Graham, A., 175 Kinmonth, A.-L., 230 Muir, J., 96 Grand, C., 158 Kiser, W. L., 33 Muller, H., 108 Grant, V., 108 Klopfer, P. H., 7 Muntz, W. R. A., 7 Gray, J. E., 145 Klopfer, M., 7 Greenberg, B., 188 Nelson, J. B., 7 Greenham, P. M., 262 Lack, D., 209 Newberry, D. McC., 7 Griffin, D. J. H., 7 Ladd, H. S., 66 Nichelson, W., 158 Grinter, J., 7 Laing, Capt., 86 Nicoll, M. J., 158 Grubb, P., 22, 66, 83, 95, 145, 157, 175, Lamb, H. H., 23 Niedzwiedzki, P., 7 188, 240, 254 Laplace, L., 22 Niedzwiedzki, M. A., 7 Gueho, J., 158 Larve, G., 10 Niering, W. A., 254 Gunn, G. R., 96 Lavoie, R. L., 33 Nightingale, P. J., 230 Gunther, A. C. L. G., 145, 158 Laws, R. M., 188 Norman, F. I., 240 Guppy, H. B., 96 Lawson, D., 7 North-Coombes, A., 145 Lawton, J. H., 175 Notteboum, F., 221 Hahn, D. G., 23 Leenhouts, P. W., 96 Hahn, W. E., 188 Legrand, H., 126 Page, J. S., 96 Hamilton, T. H., 209, 254 Leguat, F., 158 Palmer, C. E., 145 Hanks, J., 188 Leopold, E. B., 66 Palombelli, F., 175 Hanna, F. K., 44 Lewis, D., 7 Parsons, J., 188 Harris, V. A., 175 Linsley, E. G., 108 Passmore, W. M., 96 Harrison, G. J. O., 66, 96 Lionnet, J. F. G., 66 Patterson, C. M., 66 Harrison, G., 158 Lomas, S., 10 Peake, J. F., 5, 7, 10,47, 66, 96, 97, 115, Harrison, R. S., 66 Loveless, A. R., 83 145, 147, 158, 176, 209, 240 Hartnoll, R. G., 7 Loveridge, A., 145 Peet, C. J., 7 Heatwole, H., 175 Lush, G. R., 3, 7 Penny, M .J., 7, 66, 95, 96, 208, 209, Hedley, C., 246 Lush, J. H., 7 221, 230 Hemmen, G. E., 7 Lydekker, R., 145 Petit, M., 145 Hemsley, J. H., 96 Lythgoe, J. N., 7, 66 Pettigrew, J .J., 8 Hemsley, W. B., 96 Philibosian, R., 175 Hendrickson, J. R., 263 MacArthur, R. H., 66, 96, 115, 240, Philipp, M., 108 Hennig, W., 145 254 Phillipson, J., 8, 175, 187 Herbert, T., 158 Macfadyen, A., 115 Pianka, E. R., 188 Herbert, W., 158 MacFarland, C., 145, 230 Piggott, C. J., 77, 175 Herbulot, C., 125 MacFarland, J., 230 Pinhey, E. C. G., 125 Hesse, R., 246 Macintosh, J. E. A., 188 Pitot, A., 158 Hickman, J. C., 108 Macnae, W.', 96, 126, 209, 246 Polak, T. A., 8 High, C. J., 44 MacNeil, F. S., 44 Polhill, R. M., 96 Hill, J. E., 96, 209 Mahe, J., 145 Polunin, N. V. C., 8 Hill, M. G., 7 Manabe, S., 23 Poore, M. E. D., 3, 95, 157, 158, 240 Hill, M. O., 115 Mandelslo, J. A. de, 158 Porteous, A., 8 Hirth, H. F., 263 Marais, W., 96 Porter, D. M., 96 Hnatiuk, R. J., 7, 25, 77,79, 83, 84, 96, Mark, E. M., 230 Potts, G. W., 8 115, 145, 175, 188, 221 Markus, M. B., 209 Potts, M., 8 Hnatiuk, S. H., 7, 247 Martin, Sir D. C., 10 Povey, D. I., 8 Honegger, R., 158, 230 Matthews, R. K., 66 Power, D. M., 254 Hornell, J., 263 Mattsson, O., 108 Preston, F. W., 254 Horsburgh, J., 96, 158 May, R. M., 254 Proctor, M. C. F., 108 Houston, D. C., 240 McAtee, W. L., 96 Prys-Jones, O. E., 8 Hughes, D. A., 246 McNeill, S., 175 Prys-Jones, R. P., 8, 211, 221 Hutchinson, G. E., 240 Melville, R., 96 Pugh, D. T., 8 Hutson, A. M., 22, 95, 115, 125, 157, Meriwani, T. N., 209 Pyle, R. L., 145 240 Merton, L. F. H., 7, 77,79, 83, 84, 96, Huxley, C. R., 7, 225, 230 175, 188, 221 Rand, A. C., 221 Mesolella, K. J., 66 Rand, A. S., 181 Inger, R. F., 188 Miles, Sir A., 10 Raunkiaer, C., 81-83, 84 Milne Edwards, A., 158 Raven, P. H., 254 Jackson, C. G., 188 Milne Edwards, M., 145 Reeder, W. G., 230 Jeffrey, C., 96 Milton, D., 23 Rees, P. A., 175 Johnson, A. I., 23 Mole, L. U., 7, 33, 84, 175, 221 Rees, W. J., 66 Johnson, M. P., 254 Moll, E. O., 187 Reinboth, R., 8 Johnston, D. R., 7 Montaggioni, L., 145 Renkonen, O., 115 Jones, C. E., 97 Morales, C., 23 Renvoize, S. A., 8, 84, 96, 108, 246, 254 Jones, D. J., 66, 254 Moreau, R. E., 96, 209 Reville, B. J., 8 Moresby, F., 87, 96, 158 Rick, C. M., 108 Kennedy, W. J., 7, 22, 44, 66, 77, 95, Morgan, D. D. V., 175 Ridgway, R., 209 144, 175, 187, 254 Morisot, C. B., 158 Ridley, H. N., 96, 209 Kenyon, L., 66 Morrison, R. C., 7 Riehl, H., 33 Kersten, O., 158 Mountford, M. D., 115 Ringrose, A. T., 188 AUTHOR INDEX III

Rivers, F., 23 Stephens, S. G., 108 Walker, C. A., 66, 96 Roberts, D., 230 Stevens, J. D., 8 Walker, J., 9 Robertson, D. R., 8 Stirling, W. 97, 158 Walker, M., 9 Rodhouse, P., 230 Stoddart, D. R., 3, 8, 10,11, 23, 33, 44, Waloff, N., 9 Rosen, B. R., 66 45, 66, 77, 84, 95, 97, 115, 126, 145, Walsh, R. P. D., 11, 23, 115, 145, 176 Rosenzweig, M. L., 175 147,157, 158, 175, 176, 188, 209, 221, Walter, H., 176 Rothschild, W., 66, 145, 158 230, 240 Walton, A., 66 Rubinoff, I., 209, 254 Storer, R. E., 209 Watson, G. E., 209 Ruibal, R., 175 Swingland, I. R., 8, 125, 163, 176,177, Webb, M. D., 126 Rutter, A. J., 8 188 Western, D., 176 Westoll, T. S., 3, 10, 45, 115 St John, H., 96 Taylor, G., 97 Wharton, W. J. H., 158 Sanders, H. L., 115 Taylor, G. C. M., 8 White, A., 146 Sanha, K., 23 Taylor, J. D., 8, 22, 44, 47, 66, 77, 95, Whitehead, D. R., 97, 154 Saplis, R. A., 44 144, 157, 175, 176, 187, 221, 240, 254 Whitelaw, J. J., 9 Sauer, J. D., 96 Tepedino, V. J., 254 Whittaker, R. H., 176 Sauzier, T., 145, 158 Thompson, J., 66 Whitton, B. A., 9, 66 Savy, H., 4 Thorpe, W. H., 10 Wickens, G. E., 9, 85, 97, 108, 209, 254 Schifferli, L., 188 Tilley, S. G., 188 Wickler, W., 108 Schinz, H., 96 Tinkle, D. W., 176, 187, 188 Wiebes, J. T., 97, 108, 126 Schmidt, G. P., 246 Tognetti, K. P., 187 Wiens, H. J., 33, 246 Schmidt, H., 8 Topliffe, F. W., 9 Wilbur, H. M., 188 Schreiber, R. W., 240 Topliffe, L. C., 9 Wilderspin, R. C., 9 Schweigger, A. F., 145 Toro, B., 145 Wilkinson, R., 230 Schweizer, H., 145 Toussaint, A., 158 Williams, C. A., 9 Scott, H., 119, 126 Townsend, G. H., 145 Williams, C. B., 254 Seegar, K. C., 188 Troll, C., 33 Williams, E. E., 66, 145 Shaffer, J. C., 22, 115, 125 Trotter, J. A., 188 Williams, P. W., 45 Shapiro, D. Y., 8 Trotter, M. W., 188 Wilson, E. O., 66, 96, 115, 254 Shapiro, M., 8 Trotter, T. H., 188 Wilson, J. Roger, 9 Shine, R., 175 Trudgill, S. T., 9, 35, 44, 45, 66, 67, Wilson, Jane R., 9 Simberloff, D. S., 96, 115, 254 77 Wirtz, W. O., 83 Simpson, J., 33 Turner, G. C., 9 Wolf, L. L., 108 Sinclair, A., 188 Turrill, W. B., 97 Wood, D., 9 Sinclair, A. J., 8, 10 Wood, J., 9 Skead, C. J., 209 d’Unienville, M. C. A. M., 158 Wood-Jones, F., 66 Skogland, W. C., 188 Woodell, R., 9, 209 Sloan, N. A., 8 Vagvolgyi, J., 66 Woodell, S .R .J., 9, 84, 99, 108, 126, Smith, A., 8 Vaillant, L., 145, 146, 158 145, 188, 221 Smith, K., 8 Van Denburgh, J., 146 Wright, C. A., 3, 84, 126, 230 Smith, G., 8 van der Pijl, L., 97, 108 Wynne-Edwards, V. C., 188 Snow, D. W., 8, 145 Vannini, M., 9 Sourdat, M., 145 Vaurie, C., 209 Yeo, P., 108 Spaull, V. W., 8, 66, 109, 115 Verdcourt, B., 96, 97 Yonge, C. M., 10 Spurs, T .J., 23, 97, 158 Vesey-Fitzgerald, L. D. E. F., 23, 84 Stanton, N. L., 254 Viette, P., 126 Zusi, R. L., 209 Staub, F., 158, 209 Villa, J., 145 Steinen, R. P., 66 Voeltzkow, A., 23, 158 [IV]

INDEX OF PLACE NAMES

African Banks, 151, 238. See also lies Costa Rica, 262 Jamaica, 82, 83 Africaines Cousin I., 233 Juan de Nova, 148, 153 Agalega, 17, 20, 147, 151 Croix Blanc, 110, 116 Aldabra Research Station, 26-33 Curieuse, 151 Kansas, 170 Alphonse, 152 Kapingamarangi Atoll, 252 Ambatumifuku, 137 Dar-Es-Salaam, 15, 20 Kenya, 156 Amboseli, 174 Denmark, 101 Amboulitsate, 137, 138 Denis I., 153, 160-161 La Gigi, 249 Amini Divi, 11-23 Deux Cadres, 256 Lake Rudolf, 170 Amirantes, 50, 152, 238 Diego Garcia, 82, 147, 151 Laysan, 82 Amparihingidro, 137, 138 Diego Suarez, 12, 20 Lisianski, 82 Ampasambasimba, 137 Dune au Pic, 115, 256 Ampoza, 137 Dune Blanc, 181 Madagascar, 48, 50, 86, 123, 127, 136- Anjouan, 138 Dune d’Messe, 32, 33, 110, 115, 256 138, 217, W Anse Anglais, 86, 256 Dune Jean-Louis, 32, 33, 56, 74, 114— Mahe, 11-23, 150 Anse Badamier, 256 116, 226, 227, 256 Malabar, See He Malabar, Middle Anse Bigo, 256 Dune Patates, 110, 116, 256 Island Anse Cedres, 109, 256 Dune Y, 256 Manyara, 169, 174 Anse Cedre Polymnie, 256 Dune Z, 256 Mauritius, 11-23, 134-135, 138, 141, Anse Coco, 116, 211, 256 148 Anse Cuivre, 256 East Channel, 120, 234. See also Passe Mayotte, 15, 20 Anse du Bois, 115, 256 Houareau Menai (Cosmoledo), 87 Anse Gionnet, 32, 33 Eniwetok, 25 Middle Camp, 110, 121 Anse Grande Grabeau, 220 Entreboy, 256 Middle, I. 86, 204. See also He Malabar Anse Imagination, 115, 256 Etsere, 137 Minicoy, 11-23 Anse Mais, 32, 116, 120-122, 256 Europa, 153 Monito I., 238 Anse Malabar, 116, 156, 256 Mont Blanc (Cosmoledo), 87 Anse Polymnie, 32, 33, 110, 116 Farquhar, 17, 50, 153 Anse Porche, 110, 116, 211, 256 Florida Keys, 252 Nazareth Bank, 50 Anse Quive, 256 Force L’Anse Tamarind, 256 New Guinea, 49 Anse Rebise, 256 Nigeria, 170 Anse Takamaka, 32, 33 Galapagos Is, 65, 92, 93, 106, 107, 131, North I., Seychelles, 150 Anse Tamarind, 256 133, 142, 225, 227, 229, 247, 252 Nossi Be, 137 Anse Tambalico, 116, 256 Garissa, 12, 20 Anse Petit Tambalico, 256 Gionnet, 120, 211-224. See also Anse Opark, 220. See also Au Parc Anse Var, 39, 74, 90, 155 Gionnet, Passe Gionnet Ascension I., 262 Glorioso (lies Glorieuses), 19-20, 50, Pamban, 11-23 Assumption, 50, 85, 87, 106, 152, 203, 154 Passe Gionnet, 74 232, 237, W Grand Anse (Astove), 90 Passe Houareau, 31, 32, 33, 49, 74, 226, Astove, 21, 50, 85,106,152, 203, 237, W Grande Comore, 15 249. See also East Channel Au Parc, 116. See also Opark Grande Terre, 165, 166, 180, 182-184 Pearl and Hermes Reef, 82 Great Bahama Bank, 65 Peros Banhos, 152 Bassin Cabri, 47, 52, 54, 55 Perth, 253 Barbados, 49 Hamburg, 155 Picard, see lie Picard Bassin Flamant, 115, 116 Hawaiian Is., 82, 93, 252, 253, H Platte, 154 Behavoha, 137 Heron I., 258 Pointe Hodoul, 60, 65, 109, 116 Bemafandry, 137 Pointe Lion, 52 Bimini, 65 lie aux Cerfs, 148, 150 Pointe Tanguin, 249 Bird I., 152 lie Esprit, 74, 116, 249 Polymnie, see He Polymnie Bras des Cedres, 116 He Malabar, 116, 154, 155, 165, 166, Providence, 154 Bras Takamaka, 57 178, 180, 182-184, 226, 228, 230. Britain, 101 See also Middle Island Reunion, 17, 135, 138, 148-149 British Indian Ocean Territory, 4 He Michel, 87, 116, 120, 122, 124 Rodrigues, 132-134, 141, 149 Bunyoro, 169 He Picard (West I.), 26, 65, 74, 110, Rwenzori, 169, 174 116, 155, 156, 169, 195, 261 Rwindi, 169, 174 Cargados Carajos, 152, 238 He Platte, 148 Celebes, 65 He Polymnie, 116, 220 St Anne, 150 Christmas I. (Indian Ocean), 238 He Sylvestre, 74 St Pierre, 106, 154 Christmas I. (Pacific Ocean), 232 lies Africaines, 181. See also African Saya de Malha, 50 Cinq Cases, 32, 33, 43, 74, 100, 115, Banks Seychelles, 11-23, 86, 135-136, 233, W 116, 120-124, 155, 156, 226, 256 lies Chalen, 52 Silhouette, 150 Coetivy, 147, 150, 153 lies Glorieuses, 19-20, 50, 154 Siwalik Hills, 131 Comores, 12, 20, 92, 138, 217 Hot Rose, 61 Cosmoledo, 21, 50, 85, 106, 153, 203, Isabela I., 142 Takamaka, 80, 116, 120, 121, 123, 124, 232, 237, 238, W Israel, 102, 106 156 INDEX OF PLAGE NAMES V

Takamaka Grove, 109 Three Brothers, 152 Wasin I., 106 Tananarive, 11-23 Trois Cedres, 256 West Channels, 74 Taolambiby, 137 Tromelin, 17, 154 Texas, 170 Tsavo, 167 Zanzibar, 11-23 Therese I., 138 Turkana, 170 [VI]

TAXONOMIC INDEX

Ablepharus boutonii, 198 Avicennia marina, F, W Casuarina, 26, 32, 71, 72, 73, 76, 80, 81 Abrus precatorius, 101, 201, 210, 222, F, Azima tetracantha, 110, 210, 223, F, H, W 113, 196-199, 202-208 H, W Casuarina equisetifolia, 86, 109, 110, 116, Abutilon angulatum, 101, 210, 222, F, H, Bacopa monnieri, 106, W 210, 243, F, W W Bakerella clavata, 223, 224, F, W Catharanthus roseus, 101, 103, 105, 244, A. fruticosum, W Bambusa vulgaris, W W A. p anno sum, W Barleria decaisniana, W Cenchrus echinatus, W Acalypha, 76 Berosus, F Centropus toulou, 91, 198 Acalypha claoxyloides, 107, 110, 210, 223, Bidens pilosa, W C. toulou insularis, 197 224, F, H Birgus, 186 Cerambycidae, F A. indie a, W to™, 183, 184, 192, 228, 232, Ceratopogonidae, 123, F Acampe rigida, 116, 223, H, W 241-243, 245 Ceriops tagal, 101, 210, 223, F, W Achaea violaceofascia, F Boerhavia africana, W Chaetormenis madagascariensis, 122, F Achyranthes aspera, 223, 224, 234, F, H, 5. coccinea, H Chalcidoidea, 119 W 5. crispifolia, W Chelonia my das, 186, 199, 255-263 A aspera var. fruticosa, W J3. repens, 234 Chelonoidis, 131 ^4. aspera var. velutina, W repens var. maris-indici, W Chilopoda, 110, 114 Acrostichum aureum, F, H, W 5. scandens, 106 Chironomidae, F Acrostemum cf. heegeri, F Bombus, 103, 106 Chrysomelidae, 117, F , 4 ^ , 225, 227 Brassica nigra, W Cicadellidae, F Aegophagamyia remota, 227 Brexia madagascariensis, W Cissampelos pareira var. hirsuta, W Agama agama, 170 Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, 223, F, W aurantifolia, W Agave sisalana, 210, W Bryodes micrantha, W Cixiidae, F Aldabrachelys, 128, 130, 131, 135-138 Bubulcus ibis, 205, 230 Cleome strigosa, 103, F, H, W Aldabranas, 53, 62 Bulbostylis basalis, W Clerodendrum glabrum, 107, 110, 210, 223, Aldabranas cabri, 93 jB. hirta, W F, H, W Alectroenas sganzini, 92, 198, 210 Bulinus bavayi, 63 Cliona, 57 ^4. sganzini minor, 197 Butorides, 205 Clitoria ternatea, W Allophylus aldabricus, 101, 102, 103, 107, Butorides striatus 196 CWflj, 26, 32, 80 210, 222, 224, F, H, W 5. striatus crawfordi, 197 nucifera, 101-103, 105, 110, 116, -4. bojeranus, W 210, F, H, W Alternanthera pungens, W Caesalpinia bonduc, 92,101, 103, 210, 222, Coenobita, 199 Allowithius congicus, 117 W Coenobita brevimana, 241 Alphitobius crenatus, 117 Calliandra alternans, F, H, W C. cavipes, 241, 246 Amblyomma, 230 Calophyllum, 93, 113 C. perlata, 241, 242, 243 Amblyomma usingeri, 227 Calophyllum inophyllum, 90, 103, 109, C. rugosa, 241, 242, 243, 244 Amaranthus dubius, W 116 Coleoptera, 110, 114, 117, 123, F t/m&, W C. inophyllum var. inophyllum, W Collembola, 114 Amyna octo, F C. inophyllum var. takamaka, W Colubrina asiatica, 101, 103, 244, F, W Anagarypus oceanus-indicus, 114, 117 Camarhynchus pallidus, 208 Commelina benghalensis, W Ananca aldabrana, 122, 124, F Canavalia rosea, W Congea griffithiana, W Angraecum eburneum, H, W Canthium bibracteatum, 222, F, H, W Convolvulus, 100 Annona squamosa, W Capparis cartilaginea, 100, 103, 222, F, W Coptosperma nigrescens, 223, H Anolis, 65 Capra hircus, 219 Corchorus aestuans, W Anolis acutus, 170 Caprimulgus madagascariensis, 196, 197 Cordia subcordata, 101, 103, 223, 224, Anous stolidus, 233, 238 Capsicum annuum, W W ^4. tenuirostris, 233, 234, 238 C.frutescens, W Corvus albus, 91, 192, 196, 197, 199, Anthicoma, 102 Carabidae, 117, F 245 Apodytes dimidiata, 103, 107, 210, 222, Cardisoma, 72 Cossonidae, 117 F, H, W Cardisoma carnifex, 61, 183, 192, 228, Cratopus viridisparsus, 122, 202, F Arctiidae, 122, F 241-245 Crocodylus niloticus, 53, 59, 65, 170 Arenaria interpres, 228, 245 C. cavipes, 192 C. porosus, 65 transversus, 227 C. hilgendorfi, 192 Crotalaria laburnoides var. laburnoides, W Argopyridae, 207 C. perlatus, 192 Cryptoblepharus boutonii, 62 Armeria, 101 C. rotunda, 241, 243 Cucumis anguria, W Armeria maritima, 106 Carica papaya, 103, W C. W Armidillidae, 117 Carissa edulis, W Cucurbita moschata, W Arthrocnemum pachystachyum, W Carpelinus, 117, F Culicidae, 123, F Asparagus umbellulatus, 199, 210, 223, H, aldabrensis, W Curculionidae, 117, 122, F W C. brevifolia, W Cyathopoma, 55-58, 60, 62 Assiminea, 55, 56, 58, 62, 63 C. occidentalis, F, W Cyathopoma cf. pauliani, 56, 58, 63 117 C. reducta, W Cylindraspis, 128, 130-135 Asterochelys, 128 Cassipourea, W Cymbopogon citratus, W Asystasia gangetica, W Cassipourea thomassetii, W Cyperus, 76 Aulocoryssus aciculatus pavoninus, F Cassytha filiformis, W Cyperus aromaticus var. elatus, W TAXONOMIC INDEX VII

C. bigibbosus, W E. stoddartii, W Geospizinae, 208 C. bulbosus, W Evolvulus alsinoides, F, W Goniastrea, 74 C. conglomerate, W Gossypium hirsutum, 101, 210, W C. 80, H, W Efl/ro newtoni, 197, 198 Gouania scandens, 102, 103, 110, W C. ligularis, 80, 110, 114-115, F, W Etf/zV ra/wj, 219 Grapsus tenuicrustatus, 241, 242, 245 C. niveus, 79, 210 EzVwj, 71, 76, 93, 94, 205, 210 Grewia aldabrensis, F, W C. niveus var. leucocephalus, 110, 115, 116, Ezotf avi-avi, 100, 223, 224, F, H, W G. glandulosa, W F, H, W E. nautarum, 100, 110, 223, 224, F, H, W G. occidentalis, W C. pumilus, W E. rtjfaw, 100, 223, 224, F, H, W G. /zzcta, W Fimbristylis, 72 G. salicifolia, W Dactyloctenium ctenoides, H, W Fimbristylis cymosa, 110, 116, 243, 244, G. saligna, W Z). pilosum, 210, F, H, W F, W Guettarda, 22, 72, 76 Daknopholis boivinii, F, H, W F. ferruginea, 116, F, H, W Guettarda speciosa, 100, 101, 103, 116, Datura metel, 103, W Flacourtia ramontchii, 103, 107, 210, 222, 210, F, W Deeringia polysperma, 223, H, W F, H Gulella, 63 Delonix regia, 101, 103, W E. ramontchii var. ramontchii, W Gulella gwendolinae, 56, 58 Dermaptera, 117 E. ramontchii var. renvoizei, W G. gwendolinae aldabrae, 62, 63 Dicrostachys commersonianus, W Flatidae, 122, F G. insulicola, 58, 63 Z). microcephala, 163 Formicidae, F G. 55, 56, 58, 63 Dicrurus aldabranus, 197, 199 Foudia, 208 Gz/gzV, 92 Dictyoptera, 110, 117, 121, F Foudia eminentissima, 87, 92, 101, 201- Gz/gw alba, 94, 233, 238 Dieuches, F 203, 210 Gynandropsis gynandra, W Digitaria horizontalis, 210, W E. eminentissima aldabrana, 197 Gy/tf, 235 Z). setigera, 210, W E. flavicans, 207 Dioscorea bemarivensis, H, W Fregata, 124, 233 Halimeda, 57, 58, 74 Diplopoda, 110, 114 Fregata ariel, 94, 235, 236, 238 Hederorkis seychellensis, W Diplura, 110, 114 E. minor, 94, 235, 236, 238 Hedyotis corallicola, W Diptera, 123, F Fregatidae, 232 //. lancifolia var. brevipes, W Dodonaea viscosa, 89, W Fulgoroidea, 119 ZZ prolifera, F, W Dracaena, 80 Hemiptera, 110, 114, 117, 119, 120, F Dracaena reflexa, 110, 116, 216, 219, 223, Gastrocopta microscopica, 63 Hemidactylus mercatorius, 62 224, F, H Geckolepis maculata, 59, 62 Hernandia nymphaeifolia, 86, W Z). reflexa var. angustifolia, W Gelastocoridae, 117 Hibiscus abelmoschus, W Dromas ardeola, 245 Geochelone, 127-146 H. tiliaceus, 90, W Dryolimnas cuvieri, 60, 62, 91, 93, 183, Geochelone abrupta, 137, 138, 144 Homoptera, 119 192, 199, 228 G. a/Zw, 131, 143 Hydrophilidae, 117, 123, F Z). cuvieri aldabranus, 197, 225-230, 242 G. carbonaria, 133, 141 Hydroprogne caspia, 235, 238, 246 Dytiscidae, 117, 123, F G. chilensis, 141 Hymenoptera, 119, 121, F G. denticulata, 133, 141 Hypoestes aldabrensis, H, W Egernia cunninghami, 172 G. elegans, 141 Hypsipetes madagascariensis, 92, 198, 210 Egretta garzetta, 205 G. elephantopus, 128, 131, 132, 141, 142, i/. madagascariensis rostratus, 197 Ehretia corymbosa, W 225 Eilema aldabrensis, 122, F G. elongata, 141 Icerya seychellarum, 244, 245 G. emys, 141 Elateridae, 117, F Ichneumonidae, F G.forsteni, 141 Eleusine indica subsp. indica, W Indigofera, W G. gadowi, 131, 134 Ellobiacea, 63 Ipomoea batatas, W Embioptera, 110, 114, 117, 121, F G. gigantea, 53, 57, 59, 62, 65, 119, 123, /. macrantha, 103, 110, 223, 224, F, H, W 128, 141, 142, 160, 177, 189, 219, Enteropogon sechellensis, H, W Z obscura, W Eragrostis decumbens, W 225-230 /. pes-caprae, 92, 223 £. subaequiglumis, F, H, W G. grandidieri, 137 7. pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis, W G. impressa, 141 Ereptinae, 62 Ischaemum rugosum, W inangulata, F G. f'M&a, 135 Isopoda, 110, 114, 117 Eriochloa meyerana, W G. inepta, 134 £. subulifera, W G. pardalis, 128, 129, 141 Erythrina variegata, 86, 210, W G.peltastes, 131, 132, 133, 141 Japygidae, 117 Erythroxylon acranthum, 110, 222, F, G. platynota, 141 Jasminum elegans, 103, 223, 224, F, H, W H, W G. radiata, 128, 141 Justicia procumbens, W £. platyclados, W G. sulcata, 128, 141, 142 Euborellia plebeja, 117 G. sumeirei, 136 Kaliella, 63 Eugenia, 93 G. triserrata, 134, 135 Eugenia elliptica var. elliptica, W G. vosmaeri, 132, 133, 140, 141, 144 Lagenaria siceraria, W E. elliptica var. levinervis, W G. ynophora, 128 Lagrezia oligomeroides, H, W Euphorbia, 76 Geogarypus impressus, 117 Lamellaxis gracilis, 63 Euphorbia hirta, F, W Geograpsus crinipes, 241, 244 Lantana camara, 101, 103, 210 E. im/zca var. pubescens, W G. graz/z, 192, 241 Z. camara var. aculeata, W E. mertonii, W Geometridae, F Laportea aestuans, W £. prostrata, 244, F, W Geophilomorpha, 117 Laridae, 232 E.pyrifolia, 56, 101, 107, 110, 201, 210, Geospiza fortis, 225 Launaea intybacea, W 223, 224, F, H, W G. fuliginosa, 225 Z. sarmentosa, W VIII ALDABRAN ECOLOGY

Leonotis nepetifolia, 101, 103, 105, 210, W O. canum, W Pleurostelma cernuum, 101, 103, 223, 224, , 119, 121, F O. gratissimum, W F, H, W Lepturus repens, 90, 210, H, W O. sanctum, W Plumbago aphylla, 222, F, H, W Lethaeus stellatus, 122, F Ocypoda ceratophthalma, 241, 245 Polysphaeria, 80 Leuciscus leuciscus, 172 O. cordimana, 241, 242, 244, 245 Polysphaeriamultifiora, 101,103,110,199, Lithobiomorpha, 117 Ocypode, 199 201, 210, 222, 224, F, H Lodoicea maldivica, 87, W Odonata, 119, 121, F Polyxenidae, 117 Lomatophyllum aldabrense, 100, 101, 103, Oedemeridae, 122, 124, F Porcellionidae, 117 105, 201, 210, 223, 224, F, H, W Oldenlandia conge sta, W Portulaca mauritiensis, H Loxodonta africana, 169, 170, 185 Oligotoma saundersii, 117 P. mauritiensis var. aldabrensis, H, W Ludia mauritiana, F, W Opatrinus attenuates, 115, 117 P. mauritiensis var. grubbii, W Lurnnitzera, 115 Operculicarya gummifera, W P. mauritiensis var. mauritiensis, W Lumnitzera racemosa, 116, W Oplurus, 65 P. oleracea, 90, 106, F, H, W Lycosidae, 207 Opiums cuvieri, 53, 59, 62 P. oleracea var. granulata-stellulata, W Lygaeidae, 117, 122, F Orthoptera, 121, F P. oleracea var. oleracea, W Otopoma, 58 Premna obtusifolia, 210, 223, F, H, W Mabuya maculabris, 60, 62 Otopoma flexilabris, 56, 58, 62, 63 Primula, 101 Macphersonia hildebrandtii, W Oxalis, 87, W Primula vulgaris, 107 Maerua triphylla, 222, 224, H Oxythyrea aldabrensis, 100 Procellaridae, 232, 236 A/, triphylla var. pubescens, W Pselaphidae, 117 Maillardia pendula, 210, W Pandaca mauritiana, W Pseudochiridium africanum, 117 Malacochersus, 140 Pandanus, 76, 115, 216, 218, 219, H Pseudoscorpiones, 110, 114, 117 Malleastrum, W Pandanus aldabrensis, F, W Psocoptera, 110 Malleastrum leroyi, 222, 224, H, W P. tectorius, 102, 103, 116, 218, 223, Psychotria obtusifolia, W Margaritaria anomala, 223 W P. pervillei, W Af. anomala var. cheloniphorbe, F, H, W Panicum aldabrense, W Pterodroma, 53, 62 Margattea, 117 P. assumptionis, W Pterodroma kurodai, 93 Mausoleopsis aldabrensis, 102-106 P. maximum, W Pteropus seychellensis, 93 Mautenus senegalensis, 102, 103, 110, 116, P. voeltzkowii, W Ptiliidae, 117 222, 224, F, H, W Papaver, 102 Puffinus Iherminieri, 238 Megachile seychellensis, 100 Paroedura, 62 P. pacificus, 238 Melampus, 57 Paroedura stumpfii, 59 Pyralidae, 122, F Meligethes, 101 Paspalum distichum, 90, F, H, W Megalochelys, 131 Passiflora, 80, 81 Quickia, 53, 63 Megalochelys indie a, 138 Passiflora foetida var. hispida, W Melanthera biflora, W P. suberosa, 101, 202, 206, 210, 222, 224, Rachis aldabrae, 55, 56, 62, 63 Mirabilis jalapa, W F, H, W Rattus rattus, 183, 198, 219, 232, 233 Miridae, F Pauropoda, 110, 114, 117 Rhizophora mucronata, 222, 224, F, W Mollugo nudicaulis, W Pedilanthus tithymaloides, W Rhodogastria aldabrensis, 122, F AT. oppositifolia, W Pemphis, 76, 80, 113, 120, 121, 165, 168, Ricaniidae, F Momordica charantia, W 169, 171, 196, 198, 199, 206, 220 Ricinus communis, 199, 210, W Moringa, 196 Pemphis acidula, 91, 92, 101, 103, 107, Ruellia monanthos, W Moringa oleifera, 101, 103, 198, 210, F, 110,116, 178, 201, 210, 212, 216, 222, Rutilus rutilus, 172 W 224, 230, 246, F, H, W Musa, 87, W Pennisetum polystachion, W Salticidae, 207 Myriochile melancholica perplexa, F Pentatomidae, F Salvadora angustifolia var. angustifolia, W Mystroxylon, 115 Pentopetia androsaemifolia, W Sarcostemma viminale, 103, 223, F, H, W Af. aethiopicum, 103, 116, 199, 210, 222, Peponium cienkowskii, W Scaevola, 72 224, F, H, W P. sublitorale, W Scaevola taccada, 91, 101, 103, 210, 222, Phaceria, 117 F, W Najas graminea, W Phaeocrous insularis, F Scarabaeidae, 117, F Neavella albipectus, 227 Phaethon, 233, 237 Scelotes, 62 Nectarinia sovimanga, 101, 196, 197, 200, Phaethon lepturus, 238 Scelotes johannae, 59 201, 203, 210 P. rubricauda, 238 £. valhallae, 59 Nephrolepis biserrata, W Phaethontidae, 232 Schizopeltida, 114 Neritina, 57, 63 Phalacrocorax auritus, 235 Sclerodactylon, 72 Nesillas aldabranus, 197, 211-224 Phelsuma, 59 Sclerodactylon macrostachyum, 10, F, W Nesogenes dupontii, H, W Phelsuma abbotti, 59, 62, 198, 225 Scolopendra amazonica, 117 Nesomimus parvulus, 225 Phoenix dactylifera, W Scolopendromorpha, 117 Neuroptera, 121, F Phycitinae, 122, F myrtina, 210, 222, 224, H, W Nicotiana tabacum, W Phyllanthus amarus, W Secamone fryeri, 103, 223, F, H, W Nitidulidae, 117 P. casticum, 210, 223, F, H, W Sesuvium portulacastrum, 90, H, W Noctuidae, F P. maderaspatensis, F acttfa, 86, W Numenius phaeopus, 196 P. maderaspatensis var. frazieri, W *S. parvifolia, W P. mckenzei, W £. rhombifolia, 86, W Obetia ficifolia, W Pisonia aculeata, W Sideroxylon inerme, 116, 210, 223, 224, F, (Mna a'/fate, 103, 110, 115, 210, 222, F, P. gnzmfo, 91, 223, H, W H H, W Platygyra, 74 £. inerme subsp. cryptophlebia, W Ocimum basilicum, W Plesioderes, 117 Solanum indicum, 198, 210, 223, 224, H TAXONOMIC INDEX IX

S. indicum var. aldabrense, W Symphyla, 110, 117 Triainolepis fryeri, 210, F, H, W S. lycopersicum, W Synedrella nodijloray 86, W Trianthema portulacastrumy 86, W S. melongenay W Tribulus cistoides, W S. nigrum var. americanum, W Tabebuia pallida, W Tricalysia sonderanay 101, 103, 116, 199, Sonneratia alba, 100, W Tacky sy 117 210, 222, 224, F, H, W Sophora tomentosa, 80, 101, 210, W Tamarindus indicay F, W Trichosanthes cucumerinay W torridus, 101 Tarenna supra-axillarisy 110, 116, 222, Tridax procumbensy 86, 91, 92, W Spirobolusy 56 224, H, W Triumfetta procumbens, W Spirobolus bivirgatus, 117 T. tricant ha y 32, 222, 224, F, H, W Tropidophoray 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 62, Sporobolus, 166 T. verdcourtianay W 63 Sporobolus aldabrensis, W Tephrosia pumilay F, H Tropidophora cf. asperay 57, 58, 63, 64 testudinum, W T7. pumila var. aldabrensisy W T7. gueriniy 63 virginicus, 80, 90, 110, 116, 178, F, H, Teramnus labialis subsp. arabicusy W Truncatella guerini, 55, 56, 57, 58 W Terminalia boiviniiy 210, 222, F, H, W Turner a ulmifolia, W T7. catappay 86, 93, W Tylophora indie a y W Staphylinidae, F Temnopteryx dimidiatipesy 117 minor, 114, 117 Stachytarpheta, 86 Testudo. See also Geochelone Tyrannochthonius contractusy 117 Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, 101, 210, F, Testudo abruptay 134 Tyto albay 61, 233 W T7. commersoni, 133 T. alba affinis, 197 *S*. urticifoliay W T7. daudiniiy 138 Staphylinidae, 117, 123 T7. elephantina, 138 Utetheisa aldabrensis, 100 Stenotaphrumy 90 T7. giganteay 136, 138 Stenotaphrum clavigerumy F, H, W T7. gouffei, 138, 143 Vernonia cinereay W £. micranthum, W T7. graecay 229 F. 101, 103, 210, 222, 224, F, H, Stenusy 117 T7. hololissa, 138 W Sterna anaethetus, 233, 238 T7. indie a, 135 Figno marinay W bergiiy 234, 238 T7. ponderosay 138 F. unguiculata, W £. dougalliy 232, 238 T7. sumeirei, 138 Viscum triflorum, W S.fuscatay 232, 238 Tethinidae, 123, F Vitrina pelluciday 64 sumatrana, 234, 238 Thespesiay 76, 115 Streptopelia picturatay 92, 198, 210, 228 Thespesia populneay 101, 103, 222, 224, Xenolpium madagascariensisy 117 £. picturata coppingeri, 197 W Xylocarpus granatum, H, W 5. turtury 92 T7. populneoides, 103, W X moluccensis, H, W Streptostele nevilli, 55, 58, 62, 63 Thornisidae, 207 Xylocopa, 107 Striga asiaticay W Threskiomis aethiopicay 196, 228 Xylocopa calensy 101 Succineay 53, 54, 58, 62, 63 T7. aethiopica abbotti, 192 X. darwiniiy 106, 107 £Wo, 124 Thysanoptera, 110 5Wo dactylatra, 232, 238 Thysanura, 110 Zoo mays, 210, W 5. leucogastery 232, 238 Tineidae, 122, F ZosteropSy 207 £. jh/o, 94, 238 Tipulidae, 123, F Zosterops maderaspatanay 87, 92, 101, 196, Sulidae, 232 Tortricidae, 122, F 200, 201, 203, 210 Suriana maritima, 90, 103, 116, 210, 222, Tournefortiay 72 Z. maderaspatana aldabrensis, 197 F, W Toumefortia argenteay 100, 103, F, W [X]

GENERAL INDEX

Aldabra, climate, 11-23 Faecal pellets, 70 Owl, 60 Aldabra, settlement, 155 Faeces, tortoise, see Dung Aldabra, tortoise history, 154 Farquhar series, 69 Palaeoenvironments, 47-66 Aldabra Limestone, 35, 38, 39, 41, 48, Fawn, 155 Palaeotemperatures, 50 49, 57, 74, 75, 178, 248 Ferns, H Palm grove, 121 Aldabra Research Committee, 4 Fig-wasp, 94, 100 Pave, 38, 39, 40, 212 Airfield, 3 Fixed-route walk, 195 Phosphate mining, 232 Ankylosis, 130, 134, 140, 142 Flora, 61, 85 Phosphate soils, 72, 73, 74 Ants, 100, 192 Flowers, 103 Phosphorite, 48 , 114 Food, for tortoises, 166 Picard Calcarenite, 38, 39, 41, 48, 49, Autogamy, 99 Fossils, 51-65 52-54, 63, 248, 250 Fresh water, 166 Pigs, 155 Bat dispersal, 93 Freshwater pools, 22 Pit, 36 Beetles, 101 Plastron, 128 Biomass, tortoise, 169-170 Geomorphology, 35-45 Platin, 22, 38, 39, 40 Bird dispersal, 64, 87, 90, 91 Georgette, cyclone, 87, 88 Pollination, 99 Birds, feeding, 91 Gigantism, 143 Population density, tortoise, 180 Birds, fossil, 62 Glaciation, 22, 49 Population stability, seabird, 235-237 Breeding, tortoise, 179 Goats, 219 Pothole, 36 Breeding seasons, 124 Grasses, H Predation, 242, 245 Broken-stick model, 233 Guano, 69, 71, 73, 235 Production, tortoise, 170 Browsing, 178 Pumice, 90 Habitat diversity, 247 Calcium, 42 Heath trap, 120 Radiocarbon dating, 137, 160 Carapace, 128 Hemicryptophytes, 81 Rafting, 65, 86, 90 Carapace breakdown, 189-191 Herbivory, 243-244 Rail, 245 Carbonate soils, 70 Herbs, H Rainfall, 11-33, 169, 173 Carnivory, 244-245 Heterostyly, 106 Rainfall variation, 113, 114, 124, 135, Carrion, 243 Humus, 70 138, 182, 202, 217 Cats, 156, 189, 219, 245 Rarefaction, 113 Chamaephytes, 81 International Indian Ocean Expedi­ Rats, 155, 219, 233, 236 Champignon, 38, 39, 40, 212 tion, 19 Reciprocal averaging, 110 Climate, 11-33 Introduced plants, 204 Recruitment, tortoise, 177-188 Climatic change, 11-23, 135, 138. gee Introduced species, 86 Renkonen’s Index, 110 also Rainfall variation Island biogeography, 247-254 Reptiles, fossil, 62 Colonization, 64, 80 Royal Society Expedition, 3 Lagoon formation, 43 Conservation, 220 Royal Society Research Station, 3 Copulation, tortoise, 159, 180 Landforms, 25-35 Le Foudroyant, 153 Corpora lutea, 181 Saline soil, 69, 73 Leven, H.M.S., 154 Crabs, 241-246 Sand cay, 237 Life-form analysis, 82, 83 Cryptophytes, 81 Scavenging, 191, 243 Lithology, 40, 41 Cyclones, 17, 21, 33, 87, 88, 131 Seabirds, 231-240 Litter, 70, 76, 113 Sea dispersal, 89 Lithology, 48 Defecation, 168 Sea level change, 163, 237 Lizards, extinct, 138 Depression, enclosed, 36 Sea surface temperature, 19 Lord Castlereagh, 86 Desnoeufs series, 69, 72 Seasonality, 30, 122, 203, 204 Dioecism, 106 Magnesium, 42 Sedges, H Dispersal, 39, 64, 85, 131, W Mangroves, 61, 65, 121, 123, H Shade, 165 Dogs, 189 Marine erosion, 43 Shioya Series, 69 Drift dispersal, 241 Micro-erosion meter, 40, 41 Smithsonian Institution, 4 Drinking by tortoise, 129 Mixed scrub, 80, 123 Soils, 42, 57, 67-77, 245, 248 Drought, 15-17 Mollusca, fossil, 53, 63 Soil fauna, 109 Dung, tortoise, 91, 123, 243 Mollusca, terrestrial, 109 Somali Basin, 48 Morphometric analysis, 36, 40 Southern Zone Research Committee, 9 Ecological segregation, 205 Mortality, tortoise, 171, 184, 189-193 Species-area curve, 109 Ectoparasites, tortoise, 226 Mortality, tortoise hatchling, 184 Standing posture, 226-227 Egg production, turtle, 258-259 Mosquitoes, 227-228, 245 Strand flora, 89-90 Elephants, 167 Subsidence, 47 Elevation, 47 National Academy of Sciences, 4 Emergence, 49 Nectar feeding, 200-201 Takamaka Limestone, 35, 38, 39, 41, Endemism, 64, 87, 88, W Nuchal scale, 136 48, 49, 54-57, 62, 74, 75, 178, 248 Erosion rate, 40, 41, 43, 75 Nutrient cycling, 234-235 Terraces, 49 Esprit Limestone, 48, 248 Territoriality, 217 Esprit Phosphorites, 48, 74, 75, 248 Organic soil, 69, 70 Ticks, 227, 230 Extinction, 64, 65 Ovaries, tortoise, 181 Tissue, tortoise, 170 GENERAL INDEX XI

Tortoise behaviour, 225-230 Tortoise movement, 166 Turtles, 255-263 Tortoise dung, 91, 123, 243 Tortoise nest, 179 Tortoise extinction, 65 Tortoise parasites, 226 Vegetation dynamics, 80-81 Tortoise fertility, 179, 180 Tortoise population, 155-156, 164, 180 Vegetation pattern, 79 Tortoise food, 166 Tortoise recruitment, 177-188 Vines, H Tortoise fossils, 53, 57, 59, 62 Tortoise turf, 80, 100, 178 Vocalization, warbler, 212-216 Tortoise hatchlings, 182 Trade, 150 Tortoise mating, 159, 164, 180 Tree death, 22 Weeds, 86 Tortoise maturity, 179 Turnover, 64 Wind dispersal, 64, 86, 87 Tortoise mortality, 171, 184, 189-193 Turtle nesting, 255 World Wildlife Fund, 4 Telecommunications in the 1980s and after

The year 1976 marked the centenary of the invention of the telephone. Conferences, discussions, lectures, etc. were held in all parts of the world to mark the event. These generally tended to be historical and sociological reviews of the previous 100 years and emphasized the benefits the telephone had brought to mankind. During the year The Royal Society sought contributions from eminent experts in half a dozen countries to a meeting at which the future pattern of telecommuni­ cations development would be discussed. This was held in March 1977. The papers cover virtually all aspects of modern telecommunications, from microtechnology, on which much of the future success in circuit and system design depends to strategic systems planning. The social aspects were not ignored: a paper was included on the implications of new telecommunications service, and reference was made to the topical (and controversial) question of the future size of the telecommunications switching industry. It is clear that there are few physical impediments to a further massive growth in telecommuni­ cations, tending to produce a major impact upon many other industries, and on society in general. The main uncertainties are those of human organization and of politics rather than of technology. Perhaps this itself is the most fundamental change which has affected the art in the 100 years since its birth.

Clothbound ISBN 0 85403 097 2

228 pages 4 plates

First published in Philosophical Transactions o f the Royal Society, Series A. Vol. 289, No. 1356

Price including packing and postage £16.50 (U.K. addresses) £17.00 (Overseas addresses)

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The Royal Society 6 Carlton House Terrace, London, SW1Y 5AG Genetics of the Cell Surface

A Discussion held on 24 March 1977 Organized by W. F. Bodmer, F.R.S.

The surface of a cell is one of its most important components through which it can communicate with the outside environment, and with other cells. The aim of this volume is to illustrate the contributions made by Genetics to the understanding of some important cell surface phenomena. The first series of four contributions deals with a variety of examples of cell surface genetics from bacteria through to man. The genetics of the bacterial surface provides an interesting model for higher organisms, including problems of transport and cellular interaction. The red cell blood groups, which provided the first example of a clearly defined genetic difference on any cell surface, were also the first such variations whose biochemical basis was clearly established. The remarkable cell surface variants of the trypanosomes must have a genetic basis, whose nature remains a challenge to the molecular genetisist. The last of these four contributions deals with plant incom­ patibility systems, whose physiology has long suggested mechanisms involving some form of surface recognition, a problem which has only recently been tackled at the molecular level. The second set of four contributions concentrates on the functions, genetics, and biochemistiy of the major histocompability systems of mouse (H-2) and man (HLA). These systems, which have their counterparts in many other species, are now known to encompass a large number of genes controlling cell surface determinants, immune response differences and components of the comple­ ment system. No other cell surface system of any higher organism yet provides such a good example of the interplay between genetic, functional and biochemical analysis.

clothbound 189 pages 1 plate ISBN 0 85403 101 4

First published in Proceedings o f the Royal Society Series B. Vol. 202, No. 1146

July 1978

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