DOCSLIB.ORG

Names of Hybrids

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Names of Hybrids ICN Shenzhen Code 2017 - This must be mentioned before you write anything from Code because code keeps on changing so the version that you are writing from must be clearly mentioned for every answer. Chapter H – Names of Hybrids Article H.1 H.1.1. Hybridity is indicated by use of the multiplication sign x or by the addition of the prefix “notho-” to the term denoting the rank of the taxon Article H.2 H.2.1. A hybrid between named taxa may be indicated by placing the multiplication sign x between names of the taxa; the whole expression is then called a hybrid formula. Example: Salix aurita L. x S.caprea L. Article H.3 H.3.1. Hybrids between representatives of two or more taxa may receive a name. For nomenclatural purpose, the hybrid name of a taxon is indicated by placing the multiplication sign x before the name of an intergeneric hybrid or before the epithet in the name of an interspecific hybrid, or by prefixing the term “notho-” (optionally abbreviated as “n-”) to the term denoting the taxon. i. Example : xAndropogon ii. Melamspora xcolumbiana iii. Mentha xsmithiana iv. Polypodium vulgare nothosubsp. Mantoniae H.3.2. A nothotaxon cannot be designated unless at least one parent taxon is known or can be postulated. H.3.3. For purpose of homonymy and synonymy the multiplication sign x and the prefix “notho-” are disregarded. Article H.4 H.4.1. When all the parent taxa can be postulated or are known, a nothotaxon is circumscribed so as to include all individuals recognizably derived from the crossing of representatives of the stated parent taxa (i.e. not only the F1 but subsequent filial generations and also back-crosses and combinations of these). There can thus be only one correct name corresponding to a particular hybrid formula; this is the earliest legitimate name at the appropriate rank, and the other names corresponding to the same hybrid formula are synonyms of it. Article H.5 H.5.1. The appropriate rank of nothotaxon is that of the postulated or known parent taxa. H.5.2 If the postulated or known parent taxa are at unequal ranks, the appropriate rank of the nothotaxon is the lowest of these ranks. Article H.6 H.6.1. A nothogeneric name(i.e. the name at generic rank for a hybrid between representatives of two or more genera) is a condensed formula or is equivalent to a condensed formula. H.6.2 The nothogeneric name of a bigeneric hybrid is a condensed formula in which the names adopted for the parental genera are combined into a single word, using the first part or whole of one, the last part or whole of the other (but not the whole of both) and optionally a connecting vowel. The use of a hyphen instead of or in addition to a connecting vowel is treated as an error to be corrected by the deletion of the hyphen. H.6.3 The nothogeneric name of an intergeneric hybrid derived from four or more genera is formed from the name of a person to which is added the termination –ara; no such name must exceed eight syllables. Such a name is equivalent to a condensed formula. Example : xBeallara H.6.4 The nothogeneric name of a trigeneric name is either (a) a condensed formula in which the three names adopted for the parental genera are combined into a single word not exceeding eight syllables, using the whole of first part of one, followed by whole or any part of another, followed by the whole or last part of the third (but not the whole of all three) and, optionally, one or two connecting vowels, or (b) a name formed like that of a nothogenus derived from four or more genera, i.e.from a personal name to which is added the termination –ara. Example: xSophrolaeliocattleya (hybrid of Cattleya x Laelia x Sophronitis), xHolttumara Article H.7 H.7.1. The name of the nothotaxon that is a hybrid between subdivisions of a genus is a combination of an epithet, which is a condensed formula formed in te same way as a nothogeneric name, with the name of the genus. Article H.8 H.8.1. When the name or the epithet in the name of a nothotaxon is a condensed formula, the parental names used in its formation must be those that are corrected for the particular circumscription, position and rank accepted for the parental taxa. Article H.9 H.9.1. In order to be validly published, the name of a nothogenus or a nothotaxon at the rank of a subdivision of a genus must be effectively published with a statement of the names of the parent genera or subdivisions of genera, but no description of diagnosis is necessary, whether in Latin, English, or any other language. Article H.10 H.10.1. Names of nothotaxon at the rank of species or below must conform with the provisions (a) of the Code outside of Chapter H applicable to names of the same rank and (b) in Art H3. Infringements of Art H3.1 are treated as errors to be corrected. H.10.2The following are considered to be formulae and not true epithets: designations consisting of the epithets of the names of the parents combined in unaltered form by a hyphen, or with only the termination of one epithet changed, or consisting of the specific epithet of the name of the one parent combined with generic name of the other (with or without change of termination) Article H.11 H.11.1. The name of a nothospecies of which the postulated or known parent species belong to different genera is a combination of a nothogeneric name with a nothospecific epithet. H.11.2The final epithet in the name of the infraspecific nothotaxon of which the postulated or known parental taxa are assigned to different species may be placed under the correct name of the corresponding nothospecies. Article H.12 H.12.1. Subordinate taxa within nothospecies may be recognized without an obligation to specify parent taxa at the subordinate rank. In this cse non-hybrid infraspecific categories at theappropriate rank are used. H.12.2 Names published at the rank of northomorph are treated as having been published as names of varieties. Examples for Author citation according to article numbers 46.1 Family : Resaceae Juss. Scientific name: Rosa gallica L. 46.2 Pinus longaeva D.K.Bailey 46.5 Gossypium tomentosum was named by Nuttall but description was provided by Seemann is it is cited as Gossypium tomentosum Nutt. ex Seem. 46.6 In a publication by Candolle, Dunnal gave an account of Solanaceae and mentioned the author of the name Solanum dasypus was Drège. So the name Solanum dasypus was given by Drège but validly published by Dunnal in the work of Candolle so the citation is Solanum dasypus Drège ex Dunnal. 46.7 Linnaeus ascribed the name Lupinus to the pre-starting point author Tournefort; the name is cited as Lupinus Tourn. ex. L. 47.1 Linnaeus originally described genus Myosotis but later Brown revised it he retained the type and name but applied them to a different genus so it is cited as Myosotis L. or Myosotis L. emend R.Br 48.1 Sirodot included Lemanea carollina Bory in his new genus Sacheria and retained the type so it is cited as Lemanea Sirodot non Bory 49.1 Cistus aegyptiacus L. was transferred to Helianthemum Mill. And is cited as Helianthemum aegyptiacus (L.) Mill..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Herb Society of America, Inc. Style Manual
    The Herb Society of America, Inc. Style Manual 2020 Revision 11-4-19 Final Draft Approved May 2020 The Herb Society of America (The Society or HSA) actively works to disseminate knowledge about herbs. The Society has developed its own style guide, based on such major references as The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers and Council of Science Editors (CSE), Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers. This manual presents a concise format of the accepted usage of terms that are often found in all official HSA publications. This guide is not intended to be an exhaustive reference for HSA authors, but it is hoped the information here will answer most questions for those writing for HSA publications. The general editorial rules that apply today favor fewer of many things than applied in the past. That means punctuation only when necessary to avoid misreading, and capitalization in many fewer instances than in the past. In addition, we request that authors use active voice rather than passive voice. If you have questions which are not answered by this guide, please contact HSA Headquarters at 440-256-0514. Authors submitting articles for a specific publication, e.g., The Herbarist, newsletters, or the blog, should consult the Guidelines for Authors under the submissions tab on the publications section of the website. 2 GENERAL FORMATTING GUIDELINES For consistency and ease of editing and processing, HSA requests that authors format their contributions utilizing the guidelines below. While manuscripts submitted to The Herbarist or lengthy herbal essential guides will benefit from all the guidelines, book reviews, newsletter articles, and brief notes may not use the entire list.
    [Show full text]
  • International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes
    2019, volume 69, issue 1A, pages S1–S111 International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Prokaryotic Code (2008 Revision) Charles T. Parker1, Brian J. Tindall2 and George M. Garrity3 (Editors) 1NamesforLife, LLC (East Lansing, Michigan, United States) 2Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH (Braunschweig, Germany) 3Michigan State University (East Lansing, Michigan, United States) Corresponding Author: George M. Garrity ([email protected]) Table of Contents 1. Foreword to the First Edition S1–S1 2. Preface to the First Edition S2–S2 3. Preface to the 1975 Edition S3–S4 4. Preface to the 1990 Edition S5–S6 5. Preface to the Current Edition S7–S8 6. Memorial to Professor R. E. Buchanan S9–S12 7. Chapter 1. General Considerations S13–S14 8. Chapter 2. Principles S15–S16 9. Chapter 3. Rules of Nomenclature with Recommendations S17–S40 10. Chapter 4. Advisory Notes S41–S42 11. References S43–S44 12. Appendix 1. Codes of Nomenclature S45–S48 13. Appendix 2. Approved Lists of Bacterial Names S49–S49 14. Appendix 3. Published Sources for Names of Prokaryotic, Algal, Protozoal, Fungal, and Viral Taxa S50–S51 15. Appendix 4. Conserved and Rejected Names of Prokaryotic Taxa S52–S57 16. Appendix 5. Opinions Relating to the Nomenclature of Prokaryotes S58–S77 17. Appendix 6. Published Sources for Recommended Minimal Descriptions S78–S78 18. Appendix 7. Publication of a New Name S79–S80 19. Appendix 8. Preparation of a Request for an Opinion S81–S81 20. Appendix 9. Orthography S82–S89 21. Appendix 10. Infrasubspecific Subdivisions S90–S91 22. Appendix 11. The Provisional Status of Candidatus S92–S93 23.
    [Show full text]
  • International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants
    INTERNATIONAL CODE OF NOMENCLATURE FOR CULTIVATED PLANTS (ICNCP or Cultivated Plant Code) incorporating the Rules and Recommendations for naming plants in cultivation Ninth Edition Adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences International Commission for the Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants Prepared and edited by C.D. Brickell (Commission Chairman), C. Alexander, J.J. Cubey, J.C. David, M.H.A. Hoffman, A.C. Leslie, V. Malécot, Xiaobai Jin, members of the Editorial Committee June, 2016 ISSN 1813-9205 ISBN 978-94-6261-116-0, Scripta Horticulturae Number 18 Published by ISHS, June 2016 Executive Director of ISHS: Ir. J. Van Assche ISHS Secretariat, PO Box 500, 3001 Leuven 1, Belgium Printed by Drukkerij Station Drukwerk, PO Box 3099, 2220 CB Katwijk aan Zee, The Netherlands © 2016 by the International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS). All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced and/or published in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilm and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Photograph on the front cover: Lettuce trial 2003. Credit: RHS / Jacquie Gray. Contents CONTENTS Foreword v Membership of the IUBS International Commission for the Nomenclature of Cultivated vii Plants Preface ix Comparison between the 2009 Code and this edition xii New provisions xv Important dates in this Code xvi Previous editions of this Code xvii PREAMBLE 1 DIVISION I: PRINCIPLES 3 DIVISION II: RULES AND
    [Show full text]
  • Botanical Nomenclature by Bangamoti Hansda Assistant Professor Department of Botany Narajole Raj College
    COMPILED AND CIRCULATED BY BANGAMOTI HANSDA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, NARAJOLE RAJ COLLEGE BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE BY BANGAMOTI HANSDA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY NARAJOLE RAJ COLLEGE BOATNY: SEM-IV, PAPER-C10T: PLANT SYSTEMATICS, UNIT 3: BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE COMPILED AND CIRCULATED BY BANGAMOTI HANSDA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, NARAJOLE RAJ COLLEGE What is Botanical nomenclature Botanical nomenclature is the scientific system for naming plants. That means the name assigned to a particular plant species is based on rules of Botanical nomenclature system, mainly the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). BOATNY: SEM-IV, PAPER-C10T: PLANT SYSTEMATICS, UNIT 3: BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE COMPILED AND CIRCULATED BY BANGAMOTI HANSDA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, NARAJOLE RAJ COLLEGE Principles of ICN The names of taxonomic groups are determined by nomenclatural type. If a species is new then author must mention the type of specimen on which new species is based. The nomenclature of taxonomic group is also based on priority of publication. BOATNY: SEM-IV, PAPER-C10T: PLANT SYSTEMATICS, UNIT 3: BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE COMPILED AND CIRCULATED BY BANGAMOTI HANSDA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, NARAJOLE RAJ COLLEGE Rules of nomenclature Nomenclatural types A nomenclatural type is that element of a taxon to which the name of a taxon is permanently attached. The nomenclatural type of a species is an individual herbarium specimen mounted on a sheet. Careful presentation is essential as they are the records of the present and past. If a specimen cannot be preserved in dried form it should be recorded by diagnostic drawing, photographs and proper description.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Bromeliaceae Terms Based on Information from Many Botanical Sources
    Glossary of Bromeliaceae terms based on information from many Botanical sources. by Derek Butcher August 2016. If you come across a botanical term that you are not sure of, please contact me. I might not know the answer but can try to find out and add it the list A a-, an-: Without. a, ab: away from abaxial: Situated out of, or directed away from, the axis. eg. the underside of a leaf aberrant: Unusual or exceptional; a plant or structure that varies from the type: mostly used with regard to variation. abortive: Defective; barren; not developed. about: circa, circum, circiter, fere, quasi. abr-: Delicate (abrophyllum = delicate-leaved). abscissus; cut off acantha: Referring to a thorn, spines (e.g., Acanthostachys pitcairnioides). acaulescent: Stemless, or apparently so (acauline = without a stem). accedens: approaching, resembling acclimatization: A process by which an organism attains tolerance to a changed environment. -aceae: Added to stem of name or synonym of type genus to form name of family. acerose: Pointed or shaped like a needle. -aceus: Resembling; having the nature of; belonging to. Used to form adjectives from nouns. accretus: grown together achyrostachys: Chaff-like spike. acicular: Needle-shaped; like a needle or bristle as some leaves; having sharp points like needles. aciculatus: marked with very fine irregular streaks acidophile: an organism adapted for life under very acid growing conditions acranthus: with flowers actino-: Star-like; radiating from the center; rayed (actinophylla = rayed leaves). actinomorphic: Regular flowers. When individual flower parts are bisected vertically in two or more planes and have similar halves. Not to be used to describe sepals or petals active transport: the controlled movement of substances across biological membranes against an osmotic gradient, a process requiring metabolic energy supplied by the cell involved.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF) in an Online Publication with an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) Or an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) (Art
    The Code Decoded A user’s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants In memory of my mother, Eileen Turland, née Simms (1938–2014) The Code Decoded A user’s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants Second edition Nicholas Turland Nicholas Turland Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Str. 6–8, 14195 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] The Code Decoded A user’s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants Second edition Author: Nicholas Turland Cover image: Kautsar Aritona ISBN 978-954-642-963-6 (Paperback) ISBN 978-954-642-964-3 (E-book) Sofia, 2019 Pensoft Publishers 12, Prof. Georgi Zlatarski Str. 1111 Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: [email protected] www.pensoft.net CONTENTS PREFACE 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 9 CHAPTER 1 10 Introduction CHAPTER 2 15 Basic concepts and terms CHAPTER 3 23 Structure and organization of the Code CHAPTER 4 25 Media for publication CHAPTER 5 30 How to publish a new name CHAPTER 6 55 How to find the correct name for a taxon CHAPTER 7 65 How to designate a type CHAPTER 8 84 Conservation, protection, rejection, suppressed works, and binding decisions CHAPTER 9 95 How to cite authors of names CHAPTER 10 100 How to spell names CHAPTER 11 112 Names of algae, fungi, fossils, and hybrids, and of groups not covered by the Code CHAPTER 12 130 Important dates in the Code CHAPTER 13 137 How to change the Code CHAPTER 14 146 A very brief history of the Code CHAPTER 15 150 Resources for biological nomenclature REFERENCES 156 ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS, SYMBOLS, AND LATIN WORDS 166 INDEX TO SUBJECTS 174 PREFACE The purpose of this second edition of The Code Decoded is to serve as a user’s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (“Code”), specifically the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al., 2018).
    [Show full text]
  • PLANT NAMES Africa Or New Zealand
    COMMON NAMES Bluebell is an example of a common plant name. In Scotland you are talking about Campanula rotundifolia, in Ireland you mean Hyacinthoides non- scripta (but you used to mean Endymion non-scripta), in America you mean a Mertensia species, in Australia a climber called Sollya heterophylla, but you might also mean a Wahlenbergia species, especially if you are in S. PLANT NAMES Africa or New Zealand. Common names are fine in the right place, but are by never much use internationally. [Thus Lus mór - ‘big herb’ is not much use MATTHEW JEBB unless you know it is in a particular Irish context.] Within Great Britain and Ireland we have a long history of contact with European languages, and these have sometimes affected our plant names. A National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin good example is the Ilex tree or Holm oak (Quercus ilex). Ilex was the Roman name for the Holm Oak. However in Linnaeus’ day (1707–1778) PLANT NAMES and TAXONOMY some scholars believed it applied to the Holly tree, and therefore Linnaeus COMMON NAMES christened the Holly with the Latin name Ilex. Holm is the Old English name SCIENTIFIC (LATIN) NAMES for Holly, and likewise this has now been transferred to Q. ilex. Thus the THE TAXONOMIC HIERARCHY Roman name for Q. ilex has been transferred to Holly, while the Old English FAMILIES name for Holly has been transferred to Q. ilex! SPECIES, SUBSPECIES, VARIETIES AND FORMS. Similar errors have occurred to the name of one of our most familiar weeds WHAT DOES A TAXONOMIST DO (AND WHY)? the Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).
    [Show full text]
  • Hanburyana ©
    HanburyanaA serial for horticultural taxonomy and nomenclature ON D ON L , USEUM M ISTORY H ATURAL N E H T © VOLUME FIVE JUNE 2011 Cover illustration: Senecio candidans (see page 8) Drawn in 1769 by Sydney Parkinson (1745–1771) as “Cacalia lanuginosa”. Under the supervision of Sir Joseph Banks, Parkinson accompanied James Cook as botanical artist on the Pacific voyage of the Endeavour in August 1768, producing 674 outline drawings of plants and 269 completed paintings. © The Natural History Museum, London Hanburyana Volume 5, June 2011 C. D. Brickell & A. C. Leslie. Syringa pinetorum 3 W. W. Smith is in cultivation F. Vrugtman. Lilac cultivar name registration 2009 5 C. M. Whitehouse. The correct name for the South 8 American Senecio (sea cabbage) J. Cullen. Naturalised rhododendrons widespread in Great 11 Britain and Ireland J. C. David. A short note on the names of primary hybrids in 30 Rhododendron section Pontica J. M. H. Shaw. A new combination in Oxalis laciniata Cav. 33 J. C. David. Nomenclature of intergeneric hybrids of 37 Zephyranthes J. M. H. Shaw. Miscellaneous nomenclatural and taxonomic 47 notes mainly relating to cultivated plants I. M. Turner. The correct name for the weeping form of the 57 Indian mast tree (Polyalthia longifolia, Annonaceae) E. C. Nelson. Ribes × beatonii, the original name for Ribes 61 aureum × sanguineum C. M. Whitehouse. Recombination of Iris × norrisii 67 A. C. Leslie. Proposal to amend the ICNCP 68 S. R. Grayer. Nomenclatural Standards deposited in the 69 Royal Horticultural Society’s Herbarium, Wisley (WSY) November 2008 – October 2009 Date of publication Hanburyana Volume 4 (September 2009) was published on 28 October 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Orchid Names: the Basics David Mellard, Ph.D., [email protected] , October 2013 Overview
    Orchid Names: The Basics David Mellard, Ph.D., [email protected] , October 2013 Overview Introduction When you are new to the orchid hobby, orchid names can be quite daunting to learn. Nevertheless, learning these names is often a rewarding challenge and after a short time the names of many orchids become second nature. Orchid names can be divided into two broad groups: species and hybrids. Orchid species occur naturally in the wild and names consist of the genus name and the specific epithet or species name (e.g., Cattleya mossiae ). Except for naturally occurring hybrids, orchid hybrids are man-made and consist of the genus name and the hybrid name, usually chosen by the hybridizer (e.g., Cattleya Circle of Life). While this report is aimed at the beginner, intermediate and even experienced orchid growers will find useful information about the proper use of both species and hybrid orchid names. Let’s begin that journey. Contents This report contains the following topics: Topic See Page Overview 1 Genus species names 2 Natural hybrid names 2 Including the person’s name that described the species 3 Synonyms 3 Website for species names 4 Hybrid names 5 Cultivar names 5 Website for hybrid names 6 Orchid trade names and abbreviations 6 American Orchid Society awards 8 Cattleya mossiae Cattleya Circle of Life (species) (hybrid) 1 Orchid Names: The Basics Genus species Orchid species names follow the traditional binomial nomenclature developed names by Carl Linnaeus in the 1700s. The idea is that plants with similar characteristics (and hence similar evolutionary relationships) should be grouped together.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclature Codes
    Nomenclature codes From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Biological nomenclature) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2010) Nomenclature codes or codes of nomenclature are the various rulebooks that govern biological taxonomic nomenclature, each in their own broad field of organisms. To an end- user who only deals with names of species, with some awareness that species are assignable to families, it may not be noticeable that there is more than one code, but beyond this basic level these are rather different in the way they work. The successful introduction of two-part names for species by Linnaeus was the start for an ever-expanding system of nomenclature. With all naturalists worldwide adopting this approach to thinking up names there arose several schools of thought about the details. It became ever more apparent that a detailed body of rules was necessary to govern scientific names. From the mid-nineteenth century onwards there were several initiatives to arrive at worldwide-accepted sets of rules. Presently nomenclature codes govern the naming of: • Algae, Fungi and Plants – International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), which in July 2011 replaced the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) and the earlier International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature. • Animals – International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) • Bacteria
    [Show full text]
  • Proposals for Modernizing the International Rules of Nomenclature for Hybrids Author(S): Carl O
    Proposals for Modernizing the International Rules of Nomenclature for Hybrids Author(s): Carl O. Grassl Source: Taxon, Vol. 12, No. 9 (Dec., 1963), pp. 337-347 Published by: International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1216328 . Accessed: 27/03/2014 11:09 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Taxon. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 212.238.120.211 on Thu, 27 Mar 2014 11:09:42 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Practical consideration. It is clear that the PROPOSAL 99. Article 41. - From 1 Jan 65, to point I am attempting to make must apply with be considered validly published for the recept- decreasing force in the Upper Tertiary and ion of fossil species, a fossil or Recent genus Pleistocene, and that any solution must be must include in its diagnosis a time-range gradationalin effect. circumscription of those features definitely observed which must be substantiated by solution. In some it should Suggested way evidence from species adequately covering that become on all to mandatory palaeobotanists period of time.
    [Show full text]