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Assessment of Gillnets and Other Fishing Gear Used in the Mekong River Between Kratie and the Lao PDR Border

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Assessment of Gillnets and Other Fishing Gear Used in the Mekong River Between Kratie and the Lao PDR Border Assessment of Gillnets and Other Fishing Gear Used in the Mekong River between Kratie and the Lao PDR Border By Chheng Phen So Nam Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI) Fisheries Administration August 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... 1 LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... 2 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IN KHMER ................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IN ENGLISH ................................................................................ 9 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 9 2. STUDY AREAS AND METHODS ................................................................................ 11 2.1 Study Area ................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 Selection of Sampled Households ............................................................................. 11 2.3 Questionnaire ............................................................................................................ 11 2.4 Calculation of the number of households using gillnets ........................................... 12 2.5 Groups of fish ............................................................................................................ 12 2.6 Definition of dolphin pool areas ................................................................................ 12 3. RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.1 Gillnet fishing activity in the Mekong River within dolphin pool areas ................... 20 3.2 Gillnet fishing practices in different seasons ............................................................ 21 3.2.1 Gillnet fishing location in relation to each dolphin pool area ............................... 21 3.2.2 Gillnet fishing methods in the Mekong mainstream of Kratie and Stung Treng Provinces .............................................................................................................................. 22 3.2.3 Catch and fishing purpose ..................................................................................... 27 3.3 Dolphin distribution and evidence of gillnet by-catch .............................................. 30 3.3.1 Dolphin distribution ............................................................................................... 30 3.3.2 Evidence of gillnet by-catch .................................................................................. 30 3.3.3 Dolphin protection ................................................................................................. 31 3.4 Occupation and alternative livelihoods ..................................................................... 31 3.4.1 Occupation profiles................................................................................................ 31 3.4.2 Alternative livelihood ............................................................................................ 32 3.5 Other Fishing Gears .................................................................................................. 33 4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................... 35 4.1 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 35 4.2 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 37 4.3 Recommendations ..................................................................................................... 38 5. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 39 6. ANNEXES ....................................................................................................................... 40 6.1 Annex I: Data analysis .............................................................................................. 40 6.2 Annex II: Questionnaire ............................................................................................ 51 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Showing average market value of fish caught by a gillnet fishermen in the Mekong from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border ....................................................... 30 Table 2: Showing the number of gillnet fishermen in each dolphin pool area and the percentage of people who have seen dolphins in their fishing grounds ................. 30 Table 3: Showing the percentage of fishermen who have seen dolphins caught in gillnets or seen dead dolphins with gillnets on their bodies ..................................................... 31 Table 4: List of fishing gear types used in the Mekong between Kratie and the Cambodia-Lao PDR, in local languages and English ...................................................................... 33 Table 5: Showing number of respondents in each dolphin pool area, percentage of fishermen involved in fishing activity in the dry season, rainy season, day time and night time ................................................................................................................................. 40 Table 6 : List of dolphin pools, villages and communes located closed to dolphin pools where the interviews were conducted, number of correspondent and number of households (HH) in each village ............................................................................. 40 Table 7: List of villages within 5 km of the Mekong mainstream in Kratie Province ............ 42 Table 8: List of villages within 5 km of the Mekong mainstream in Stung Treng Province .. 45 Table 9: Showing the differences in gillnet fishing activity in each dolphin pool area between daytime and nighttime in the dry season and the rainy season (Percentages in each categories calculated compare to total number of sample ....................................... 46 Table 10: Showing the location of gillnet fishing activity in relation to each dolphin pool during the dry season, d: distance from the pool ..................................................... 46 Table 11: Showing the location of gillnet fishing activity in relation to each dolphin pool during the rainy season, d: distance from the pool .................................................. 47 Table 12: Showing the percentage of gillnet fishing methods (manned - unmanned, and cross - along river) in the Mekong mainstream from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border during the dry season ................................................................................... 47 Table 13: Showing the precentage of gillnet fishing methods (manned - unmanned, and cross - along river) in the Mekong mainstream from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border during the rainy season ................................................................................ 47 Table 14: Showing the percentage of gillnet fishing sites (right, middle, and left bank) in the Mekong mainstream from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border during the dry and rainy seasons ..................................................................................................... 48 Table 15: Showing the percentage of gillnet fishing in different layers of water the column in the Mekong mainstream from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border during the dry and rainy seasons .............................................................................................. 48 Table 16: List of fish species that people reported as favorite food for Mekong dolphins ..... 48 Table 17: Showing the percentage of gillnet fishing in relation to groups of species in the dry and rainy season ...................................................................................................... 49 Table 18: Showing the percentage of fishing for different purposes in the Mekong mainstream from Kratie to the Cambodia-Lao PDR border ................................... 49 Table 19: Showing average daily catch by 1 fishermen in each dolphin pool area ................. 50 Table 20: Showing the percentage of primary, secondary, and other occupations of the respondents .............................................................................................................. 50 2 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of a section of Mekong River showing the location of Kampi and Chroy Banteay dolphin pools, villages in the pool area, and the surveyed villages .......... 13 Figure 2: Map of a section of Mekong River showing the location of the Koh Phdao dolphin pool, villages in the pool area, and the surveyed villages ....................................... 14 Figure 3: Map of a section of Mekong River showing the location of the Khsach Mkak dolphin pool, villages in the pool area, and the surveyed villages .......................... 15 Figure 4: Map of a section of Mekong River showing the location of the Koh Dombang dolphin pool, villages in the pool
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