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International Journal of Current Advanced Research ISSN: O: 2319-6475, ISSN: P: 2319-6505, Impact Factor: 6.614 Available Online at www.journalijcar.org Volume 7; Issue 4(F); April 2018; Page No. 11681-11684 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijcar.2018.11684.2029 Research Article THE AKALI STRUGGLE AT THREE IMPORTANT HISTORICAL GURDWARAS Dilbag Singh* Department of History, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The Akali Movement from 1920 to 1925 has occupied a very important place not only in Article History: the Sikh history but also in the regional and national history. The management of th Received 13 January, 2018 Gurdwaras and misuse of their property by Mahants became the immediate cause of th Received in revised form 24 agitation. The Sikhs made great sacrifices for the construction, maintenance and protection th February, 2018 Accepted 9 March, 2018 of the Gurdwaras. Peaceful agitation was adopted by Akalis as a weapon to fight the vested th Published online 28 April, 2018 interests in Sikh Shrines. This weapon proved very effective. The Akalis were supposed to take the oath that they would not resort to violence. True spirit of non-violence of Akalis was most striking feature of the Akali Movement. The Akali struggle directed against the Key words: priests, mahants and other vested interests in the Sikh shrines and consequently against the Mahants, Jathas, Akali, Gurdwara, Government. British imperialism was one of the most powerful movement of the modern India. The Akali Movement was stopped in 1925, when Sikh Gurdwaras and Shrines Bill (The Sikh Gurdwara Act VIII of 1925) was passed on 28th July 1925. -
Sadiq Journal of Pakistan Studies (S JPS) Vol.1, No.1, (January-June 2021) Published by Department of Pakistan Studies, IUB, Pakistan (
Sadiq Journal of Pakistan Studies (S JPS) Vol.1, No.1, (January-June 2021) Published by Department of Pakistan Studies, IUB, Pakistan (https://journals.iub.edu.pk) Interfaith Harmony at Shrines in Pakistan: A Case Study of Baba Guru Nanak’s Dev Shrine - Kartarpur By Sara Iftikhar Research Officer Government College University, Lahore Abstract: Pakistan is a place where people belonging to different cultures and religions are residing together. The founder of Pakistan Quaid e Azam Muhmmad Ali Jinnah gifted liberty to the minorities in Pakistan and constitution of Pakistan safeguards the fundamental rights of Non-Muslims. Non-Muslim Minorities in Pakistan (Sikhs, Hindus and Christians etc.) have awarded freedom to go their religious places for practicing their religious obligations. Government of Pakistan has established Evacuee Trust Property Board under Act No. XIII of 1975 (which was promulgated on 1st July 1974) for management, control and disposal of the Evacuee Trust properties all over Pakistan. Undoubtedly, Pakistan is a Muslim majority country with multi-religious and multi-sectarian population. Though, we keep hearing about events of inter and intra religious intolerance every now and then. This research papers gives a comprehensive detail about the interfaith harmony at Shrines in Pakistan in order to prove that all the news we are getting through print media, electronic media or social media about religious intolerance in Pakistan is only one side of picture. Withal throwing light on the interfaith harmonious culture at Shrines, it aims to explore the concept of religious harmony or interfaith harmony. This paper briefly encapsulates the background of different shrines in Pakistan and the communities visiting them. -
Magazine1-4Final.Qxd (Page 2)
"A modelling......Page 4 SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2016 INTERNET EDITION : www.dailyexcelsior.com/magazine Progress in spiritualism....Page 3 "Hukam Rajayee Guru Nanak jayanti special Chalna Nanak Likheya Naal” Sunny Dua Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji, founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus says that *everything happens by God’s Grace, so Rest assured that God knows better what is right or wrong for us. We should, therefore, accept His decisions without any grudge or question. Sree Nankaanaa Sahib tae hor Gurdvaareaan', Gur'dhaamaan' dae jinhaan' thon' Panth noon' vichhor-eaa geaa haee Khullhae darshan dee-daara tae sevaa san-mbhaal daa daan Khaalsa jee noon' bakhsho. (Almighty Lord! Our helper and protector ever, restore to us the right and privilege of unhindered and free service and access to Nankana Sahib and other centers of Sikh religion from which we have been separated). These last lines of Sikh Ardaas (Prayer) delivered twice a day in every Gurudwara around the globe since ages seeks access to Gurdwara Nankana Sabib (The birth Place An illuminated Gurdwara Panja Sahib, Hasan Abdal, Pakistan. Gurdwara Panja Sahib, Hasan Abdal, Pakistan. of first Sikh Guru Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji) in Pakistan besides other Gurdwaras that have been separated from the Sikh Religion. Startlingly, Sikhs are finding their prayers Nanak Dev Ji on it is treated as Nectar Devotees take dips in Sarovar (Holy Pond) and Sikh friends stand in queues on either side of Gurdwaras’ entrances in a hope that some heard every year enabling them to visit Pakistan and other Gurdwaras. -
Janamsakhi Tradition – an Analytical Study –
Janamsakhi Tradition – An Analytical Study – Janamsakhi Tradition – An Analytical Study – DR. KIRPAL SINGH M.A., Ph.D Edited by Prithipal Singh Kapur Singh Brothers Amritsar JANAMSAKHI TRADITION – AN ANALYTICAL STUDY – by DR KIRPAL SINGH M.A., Ph.D. Former Professor & Head Punjab Historical Studies Deptt. Punjabi University, Patiala ISBN 81-7205-311-8 Firs Edition March 2004 Price : Rs 395-00 Publishers: Singh Brothers Bazar Mai Sewan, Amritsar - 143 006 S.C.O. 223-24, City Centre, Amrisar - 143 001 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.singhbrothers.com Printers : PRINWELL, 146, INDUSTRIAL FOCAL POINT, AMRITSAR Contents – Preface 7 – Introduction 13 1. Genesis of the Janamsakhi Tradition 25 2. Analytical Study of the Janamsakhi Tradition - I 55 3. Analytical Study of the Janamsakhi Tradition - II 204 4. Light Merges with the Divine Light 223 Appendices (i) Glossary of Historical Names in the Janamsakhi 233 (ii) Bibliography 235 – Index 241 6 7 Preface With the Guru’s Grace knowledge is analysed — Guru Nanak (GG 1329) The Janamsakhi literature as such relates exclusively to the life and teachings of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. The spectrum of this genre of literature has several strands. It elucidates mystic concepts of spiritual elevation, provides the earliest exegesis of the hymns of Guru Nanak and illustrates the teachings of Guru Nanak by narrating interesting anecdotes. The most significant aspect of the Janamsakhi literature is that it has preserved the tradition of Guru Nanak’s life that became the primary source of information for all the writings on Guru Nanak. Of late the historical validity of this material has been called to question in the name of methodology. -
The Ninth Nanak Guru Teg Bahadar Ji
The Ninth Nanak Guru Teg Bahadar ji March 13, 2021 by dedicated Sewadars of Sri Hemkunt Foundation Inc. INDEX # Title Page # Preface 2 1 Birth and Early Life 4 2 The First Battle 6 3 Stay at Kiratpur 7 4 Stay at Bakala 8 5 First Missionary Tour 9 6 Teg Bahadar as the Ninth Nanak 11 7 Message of Forgiveness 14 8 Selfish Behavior of Sikh Priests 16 9 Establishment of Anandpur 17 Second Missionary Tour and 10 18 Birth of Gobind Rai 11 Right to Freedom of Religion 20 12 Gobind Rai as the Tenth Nanak 22 13 Arrest of the Ninth Nanak 23 14 Martyrdom of the Ninth Nanak 24 15 Travel Map of the Ninth Nanak 27 16 Significant Contributions 28 17 Highlights of the Ninth Nanak’s Life 29 18 Significant World Events 30 References 31 1 Preface Sri Hemkunt Foundation Inc. was established four decades ago (in 1980) in New York, USA. The primary objectives of the Foundation are to help children and youth (6-25 years old) growing up in the Western hemisphere to learn Sikhi, develop public speaking skills, and be proud of being a Sikh. We do this through educational books on the Gurus lives, Sikh history, and Sikh philosophy; and by providing our youth opportunities for demonstrating their knowledge of Sikhi and skillfully communicating this understanding to others. The main Foundation-sponsored event is an annual Symposium. Participants compete in five age-groups: 6-8 years; 9-11 years; 12-14 years; 15-17 years; and 18-25 years. For each group, an age-appropriate book is prescribed. -
Religious and Political Dimensions of the Kartarpur Corridor: Exploring the Global Politics Behind the Lost Heritage of the Darbar Sahib
religions Article Religious and Political Dimensions of the Kartarpur Corridor: Exploring the Global Politics Behind the Lost Heritage of the Darbar Sahib Tejpaul Singh Bainiwal Department of Religious Studies, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] Received: 17 September 2020; Accepted: 27 October 2020; Published: 29 October 2020 Abstract: The 550th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak and the construction of the Kartarpur Corridor has helped the Darbar Sahib at Kartarpur in Pakistan gain global attention. In 2019, thousands of Sikhs embarked on a pilgrimage to Pakistan to take part in this momentous occasion. However, conversations surrounding modern renovations, government control of sacred sites, and the global implications of the corridor have been missing in the larger dialogue. Using historical methods and examining the Darbar Sahib through the context of the 1947 partition and the recent construction of the Kartarpur Corridor, this paper departs from the metanarrative surrounding the Darbar Sahib and explores the impact that Sikhs across the globe had on the “bridge of peace”, the politics behind the corridor, and how access to sacred Sikh spaces in Pakistan was only partially regained. Keywords: Kartarpur Corridor; Guru Nanak; Imran Khan; Navjot Sidhu; diasporic Sikhs 1. Introduction In November 2018, the decision of the governments of Pakistan and India to open the Kartarpur Corridor across the river Ravi—linking Dera Baba Nanak Sahib (in India) and Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Kartarpur (in Pakistan)—marked the possible beginning of a new era of cooperation and a symbolic movement in the shared cultural history of the Punjab. The two historic gurdwaras are roughly six kilometers apart and share a connection to Guru Nanak, the founder of the Sikh religion, but the international border created by the partition of India in 1947 separated them, and simultaneously politicized their access. -
Kashmir of the Sikhs Sanctity of the Land Unfurling the Nishaan Historic Gurdwaras
III/2014 NAGAARA Kashmir of the Sikhs Sanctity of the Land Unfurling the Nishaan Historic Gurdwaras Issue III/2014 Contents The Empire Expands East 40 C Dr. Vanit Nalwa 2 Editorial : Kashmir of the Sikhs Dr I J Singh 19 Sikh religious prachaar in Jammu and Kashmir 48 Sikh Forts and Baghs in Kashmir Dr. Vanit Nalwa 4 Sanctity of The Land 52 Visiting Kashmir – once part of Afghanistan 23 Unfurling the Nishaan : A photo essay by Amardeep Singh Kashmir as part of the Sikh Empire 10 Chhevin Patshahi in the Vale of Kashmir Dr. Vanit Nalwa Commodore Dalbir Singh Sodhi 58 Hukumnamas of Guru Gobind Singh The Kalgidhar Society, Baru Sahib 14 Composite Culture of Kashmir 34 Historic Gurdwaras of Kashmir 61 Translating Gurbani S. Anoop Singh Sodhi, Prof LN Dhar and others Commodore Dalbir Singh Sodhi Dr I J Singh Editorial Director Editorial Office I I I / 2 0 1 4 Dr Jaswant Singh Neki D-43, Sujan Singh Park New Delhi 110 003, India Printed by NAGAARA Executive Editor Pushpindar Singh Tel: (91-11) 24617234 Aegean Offset Printers Fax: (91-11) 24628615 Joint Editor e-mail : [email protected] Bhayee Sikander Singh Please visit us at: Published by www.nishaannagaara.com Editor for the Americas Dr I.J. Singh at New York The Nagaara Trust 16-A Palam Marg The opinions expressed in Kashmir of the Sikhs Editorial Board Sanctity of the Land Vasant Vihar Unfurling the Nishaan Inni Kaur the articles published in the Historic Gurdwaras New Delhi 110 057, India Monica Arora Associated with Nishaan Nagaara do not Cover: Gurdwara Chhevin Patshai, on Distributors The Chardi Kalaa Foundation necessarily reflect the views or the river Jhelum at Baramulla Himalayan Books, New Delhi San Jose, USA policy of The Nagaara Trust. -
Janamsakhi Tradition – an Analytical Study –
Janamsakhi Tradition – An Analytical Study – Janamsakhi Tradition – An Analytical Study – DR. KIRPAL SINGH M.A., Ph.D Edited by Prithipal Singh Kapur Singh Brothers Amritsar JANAMSAKHI TRADITION – AN ANALYTICAL STUDY – by DR KIRPAL SINGH M.A., Ph.D. Former Professor & Head Punjab Historical Studies Deptt. Punjabi University, Patiala ISBN 81-7205-311-8 Firs Edition March 2004 Price : Rs 395-00 Publishers: Singh Brothers Bazar Mai Sewan, Amritsar - 143 006 S.C.O. 223-24, City Centre, Amrisar - 143 001 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.singhbrothers.com Printers : PRINWELL, 146, INDUSTRIAL FOCAL POINT, AMRITSAR Contents – Preface 7 – Introduction 13 1. Genesis of the Janamsakhi Tradition 25 2. Analytical Study of the Janamsakhi Tradition - I 55 3. Analytical Study of the Janamsakhi Tradition - II 204 4. Light Merges with the Divine Light 223 Appendices (i) Glossary of Historical Names in the Janamsakhi 233 (ii) Bibliography 235 – Index 241 6 7 Preface With the Guru’s Grace knowledge is analysed — Guru Nanak (GG 1329) The Janamsakhi literature as such relates exclusively to the life and teachings of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. The spectrum of this genre of literature has several strands. It elucidates mystic concepts of spiritual elevation, provides the earliest exegesis of the hymns of Guru Nanak and illustrates the teachings of Guru Nanak by narrating interesting anecdotes. The most significant aspect of the Janamsakhi literature is that it has preserved the tradition of Guru Nanak’s life that became the primary source of information for all the writings on Guru Nanak. Of late the historical validity of this material has been called to question in the name of methodology. -
Healing Implies Such a Concept Which Implies the Restoration of Good Health Among the Individuals
Introduction: Healing implies such a concept which implies the restoration of good health among the individuals. Healing is showered on the sufferers by the healers. The concept of healing has emerged since time unknown. Religion developed among the masses as they were unable to explain nature as well as the people’s incapacity to apprehend about the diseases which led to the death of the people. Thus, people named as “spiritual healers” or “faith healers” emerged in the society to provide healing to the people so that they can go back to their normal pattern of life. In the present module, the sole focus will be to discuss on the different healers and the associate healing places which are specific to India. India is a land of diverse religions and their correlated religious practices. There is an array of faith healers and healing places in India. A few noted healers and healing places have been a part of the present module. Spiritual healers across all religions: A spiritual healer is believed to be a charismatic personality who sees himself or herself to be a medium by which healing light and energy can be showered to his/her followers. Spiritual healers act for the benefit of others in the society. A few noted spiritual healers according to the respective religions are as follows— Ramakrishna Paramahamsa: Sri Ramakrishna was born in 1836 and took his last breath in 1886. He represents the hub of the spiritual consciousness among all the seers and sages of India. He spent his whole life in the contemplation of God. -
Gurdwara Reform Movement: an Appraisal 1920-25 JASVIR SINGH Research Scholar, Department of History, Panjab University, Chandigarh Mobile No
Gurdwara Reform Movement: An Appraisal 1920-25 JASVIR SINGH Research Scholar, Department of History, Panjab University, Chandigarh Mobile No. 99148-57068, 62805-00891 Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The present paper deals with the Gurdwara Reform Movement from 1920 to 1925. It covers the detail about the various aspects of the gurdwara like their origin, the holocaust and tragedies occurred at these gurdwaras and the changing pattern of management in these gurdwara with the passage of time. The paper is divided into two sections, the first section provides the detail about incident and event which were related with these gurdwaras in chronological order. The second section provides the detail about the formation of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, the implementation of the centralized management on these gurdwaras and concludes the paper. Keywords: Gurdwara, Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, Religious Reform Movement, Akali Dal, Legislation, Morchas Introduction Earlier, the places of worship of the Sikhs were known by the name of ‘Dharamsal’, which literally meant a religious place, or a religious rest house. It generally denoted a building used for devotional singing and prayers. So to begin with, the place where the sangat congregated was known as Dharamsal and later on when Guru Granth Sahib was proclaimed as the Guru by the tenth Master and it was installed in the Dharamsal then it came to be called as Gurdwara. It is not merely the building, which is so important, yet it is the gathering together of the Sikhs in the presence of Guru Granth Sahib, which gives the gurdwara special place in Sikh life. -
Sikh Gadar 1907-1918
Reevaluating the Origin and Inspiration of ‘Sikh Gadar 1907-1918’* Jasbir Singh Mann MD, California Many Historians of the Gadar movement try to generalize the influence of communist, Arya Smaj, Abhinava Bharat, Western socialists, anarchists and 1857AD Sepoy Mutinee thought process as a source of inspiration on the Ghadarites without any serious analysis of the actual content of historical evidence. I agree with Dr. Ganda Singh 1969 AD based on the evidence by historians like Dr. Surendra Nath Sen, Dr. Romesh C. Majumdar, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, and S Acharya Kriplani. According to Dr. Ganda Singh, “…it would be a travesty of truth to describe the revolt of 1857 as a national war of independence.” Without refuting this evidence, many historians still label that Sikh Gadar (1907-1918). was the sequel of the Gadar (mutiny) of 1857. Dr. Harish K. Puri states, “The major source of Gadhar movement’s Inspiration was V.D. Savarkar.” (Introduction Page XII: 2011). The Indian war of independence of 1857’s excerpts and chapters from that book was published in various issues of Gadhar movement, overshadowing what really happened on the Western Coast of America. But Evidence shows that the movement was launched from Sikh Gurudwaras and Guru Granth Sahib’s teachings and Guru Nanak’s Salok 20 on page 1412 of ‘Guru Granth Sahib’ was the motto of Gadar Newspaper ਜਉਤਉਪ�ੇਮਖੇਲਣਕਾਚਾਉ.(Jo Tau Prem Khaelan Kaa Chaao), published in USA. Historians do not try to explore the religious, social, cultural and political beliefs and political activism of the new migrants to North America in the years 1904-14. -
Sikh Faith - Sikh Faith - an Epitomeepitomean of Inter-Faithinter-Faithof for Divine Realisationrealisationfor
Sikh Faith - Sikh Faith - An EpitomeEpitomeAn of Inter-FaithInter-Faithof for Divine RealisationRealisationfor < siqgurpRswid ] Sikh Faith - An Epitome of Inter-Faith for Divine Realisation srb Drm mih sRyst Drmu ] hir ko nwmu jip inrml krmu ] Sarab dharam meh(i) sr-aisatdharam(u) Har(i) ko Naam(u) jap(i) nirmal karam(u). (266) (Among all the religions, the supreme religion, in reality, is to recite the Divine Name with full love and devotion; imbibe spiritual love with full faith: render selfless service to humanity; so as to eradicate ego completely and thus merge with Him) Iqbal Singh (Baba) Publication Bureau The Kalgidhar Trust, Gurdwara Baru Sahib © The Kalgidhar Trust, GurdwaraBaru Sahib Sikh Faith - An Epitome of Inter-Faith for Divine Realisation This book was first released at Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib, New Delhi on 9 February, 2014 First Edition ::First February 2014 1100 copies Second Edition ::Second November 2014 5000 copies Reprint ::Reprint November 2017 5000 copies Revised ::Revised August 2018 5000 copies ISBN ::ISBN 978-93-5321-387-9 Price ::Price Rs. 500/- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means; electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publishers. Printed at: Printwell, 146, Industrial Focal Point, Amritsar Saint Attar Singh Ji once said: "The simplest and direct meanings are Guru Nanak Dev's, as He came to show a clear cut path to mankind, groping in darkness; and not to show His grandiose learning by quibbling on words." Contents • Preface xiixiixii 1.1.1.