Featured Articles Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič (Eds.)
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Book 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & AUDIT 4 EU - Tempus Project RECOAUD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT – Featured Articles Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič (eds.) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & AUDIT 4 EU - Tempus Project RECOAUD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESMENT – Featured Articles Marián Gogola, Daniela Durcanska, Marta Hocova, Iveta Kubasakova, Manuela Ingaldi, Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Vladimir Permyakov, Vitaly Parfenov, Sergei Alexandrov, Yuri Sivkov, Arthur Nikiforov Edited by Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič “This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.” Environmental Management in Russian Companies Retraining Courses for the Sensibilization for and Integration of Eco‐Audit Programs in Corporate Decision‐Making Экологический менеджмент в российских компаниях курсы повышения квалификации для адаптации и интеграции программ экоаудита в процесс принятия корпоративных решений SPH – Scientific Publishing Hub Czestochowa – Žilina – Celje – Osijek – Kotor 2016 Marián Gogola, Daniela Durcanska, Marta Hocova, Iveta Kubasakova, Manuela Ingaldi, Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Vladimir Permyakov, Vitaly Parfenov, Sergei Alexandrov, Yuri Sivkov, Arthur Nikiforov ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & AUDIT 4 Tempus Project RECOAUD ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESMENT – Featured Articles URL (e-pub): http://sphub.org/books/eu-tempus-recoaud-environmental-assesment/ First electronic edition Editors: Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič Reviewer: Bagrat Yerznakyan, Veselin Drašković Cover design: Manca Zrinski Printed by: SPH - Scientific Publishing Hub Copies: 100 First edition, 2016 Published by SPH – Scientific Publishing Hub – founded by Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management, Poland, University of Žilina, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, Žilina, Slovakia, University of Maribor, Faculty of Logistics, Celje, Slovenia, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics in Osijek, Croatia, and University of Montenegro, Maritime Faculty of Kotor, Montenegro Editorial Board: prof. dr. Veselin Drašković, assoc. prof. dr. Borut Jereb, dr. ing. Tomáš Skrúcaný, prof. dr. Zdenko Segetlija, prof. dr. Stanislaw Borkowski This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 005:502/504(082)(0.034.2) 502.15(082)(0.034.2) ENVIRONMENTAL management & audit : Tempus project Recoaud. 4, Environmental assesment - featured articles [Elektronski vir] / Marián Gogola ... [et al.] ; edited by Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič. - 1st electronic ed. - El. knjiga. - Czestochowa [etc.] : SPH - Scientific Publishing Hub, 2016 ISBN 978-961-6948-15-9 (pdf) 1. Gogola, Marián 2. Jereb, Borut, 1962- 288028416 CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 005:502/504(082) 502.15(082) ENVIRONMENTAL management & audit : Tempus project Recoaud. 4, Environmental assesment - featured articles / Marián Gogola ... [et al.] ; edited by Borut Jereb & Darja Kukovič. - 1st ed. - Czestochowa [etc.] : SPH - Scientific Publishing Hub, 2016 ISBN 978-961-6948-16-6 1. Gogola, Marián 2. Jereb, Borut, 1962- 288028672 Contents Climate change adaptation models in Slovakia Marián Gogola, University of Zilina, Slovakia Daniela Durcanska, University of Zilina, Slovakia Marta Hocova, University of Zilina, Slovakia TOWS Marián Gogola, University of Zilina, Slovakia Sustainability of reverse logistics Marián Gogola, University of Zilina, Slovakia Daniela Durcanska, University of Zilina, Slovakia Marta Hocova, University of Zilina, Slovakia Iveta Kubasakova, University of Zilina, Slovakia Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) Manuela Ingaldi, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Vladimir Permyakov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Vitaly Parfenov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Sergei Alexandrov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Yuri Sivkov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Arthur Nikiforov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Environmental Impact Assesment (EIA) as a tool of sustainable infrastructure planning Marián Gogola, University of Zilina, Slovakia Daniela Durcanska, University of Zilina, Slovakia Marta Hocova, University of Zilina, Slovakia i Material Flow Cost Accounting Manuela Ingaldi, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Material and energy balance in the planning of production costs Manuela Ingaldi, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Technological systems (TS) waste minimization, waste-free and environmentally friendly production Manuela Ingaldi, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Dorota Klimecka Tatar, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland Impact of objects of oil and gas branch on environment, means and methods of decrease in pollution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere Vladimir Permyakov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Vitaly Parfenov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Sergei Alexandrov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Yuri Sivkov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia Arthur Nikiforov, Industrial University of Tyumen, Russia ii Table of content Climate change adaptation models in Slovakia ............................................................................................ 1 TOWS .......................................................................................................................................................... 16 Sustainability of reverse logistics ............................................................................................................... 40 Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) ........................................................................................... 76 Material Flow Cost Accounting................................................................................................................... 87 Material and energy balance in the planning of production costs ........................................................... 107 Technological systems (TS) waste minimization, waste-free and environmentally friendly production . 119 Impact of objects of oil and gas branch on environment, means and methods of decrease in pollution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere ....................................................................................... 131 iii Climate change adaptation models in Slovakia Marián Gogola, University of Zilina, Slovakia Daniela Durcanska, University of Zilina, Slovakia Marta Hocova, University of Zilina, Slovakia Occurrence of extreme weather events all over the planet invokes questions about possible future climate changes and their impacts on both global and regional scales. Therefore, contemporary climatological research pays a lot of attention to climate change scenarios with the aim of defining bounds of possible development of futureclimate. For this purpose, the numerical models of climate system are usually used. Impacts and consequences of future climate change on society and enviroment depend not only on the reaction of the climate system to different radiative forcing, but also on the reaction of human society to the new conditions by innovation in the sectors of technology, economy,life style, and policy. Hence, i tis necessary to incorporate socio-economic scenarios in the process of development of climate change projections. Present paper provide a brief overview about what kind of information can such scenarios provide, what are their limits, how they are constructed and what are the newest findings and progress in this area. The European Environment Agency (EEA) report presents information on past and projected climate change and related impacts in Europe, based on a range of indicators. The report also assesses the vulnerability of society, human health and ecosystems in Europe and identifies those regions in Europe most at risk from climate change. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has agreed to limit the increase in global mean temperature since pre‑industrial times to less than 2 °C, in order to prevent the most severe impacts of climate change. Current global actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions ('mitigation') are insufficient to constrain the temperature increase to 2 °C, and global warming could be well above 2 °C by 2100. Even if the 2 °C limit is kept, substantial impacts on society, human health and ecosystems are projected to occur. Adaptation to and mitigation of climate change are therefore both needed. The European Commission has initiated various actions to integrate and mainstream adaptation into EU sectoral policies following the publication of the White Paper on adaptation to climate change in 2009. Furthermore, many countries in Europe have already adopted national adaptation strategies and some have followed up with specific action plans. The European Commission plans publishing its European Adaptation Strategy, which will include further proposals for adaptation actions across the EU. 1 About climate change • Climate change (increases in temperature, changes in precipitation and decreases in ice and snow) is occurring globally