The Observer 1642-1992 SESOUiCENTINNlAl T he O bserver Saint** Marvis College NOTRE DAME ■ I NDI ANA VOL. XXIV NO. 133 TH U R SD A Y, APRIL 16, 1992 THE INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER SERVING NOTRE DAME AND SAINT MARY’S Countries clamp sanctions on Libya TRIPOLI, Libya (AP) — Coun­ including ferry service to the tries barred Libyan jets from nearby island of Malta. their airspace and ordered At this point, the sanctions diplomats to go home on could prove more troublesome Wednesday, tightening a noose than crippling. They do not in­ around the Arab country to clude a boycott of Libya’s oil pressure it to turn over sus­ sales, which account for 90 pects in the bombing of Pan Am percent of the country’s earn­ Flight 103. ings. The punitive measures were British Foreign Secretary sanctions approved by the Douglas Hurd told British United Nations, but a defiant Broadcasting Corp. radio that Libya tried to flout them by oil sanctions may be next. But sending its jets into the sky. this would be a difficult step, They were turned away — in since the current sanctions re­ one case by fighter jets. ceive only lukewarm support Libya summoned diplomats from many Security Council from Britain, France, Italy, members and are not nearly as Sweden, Belgium and tough as those imposed on Iraq Czechoslovakia, and told them when it invaded Kuwait. some of their number would be Libyan crude is vital to the expelled, Libyan television re­ West, especially Italy, and some ported Wednesday night. Libya oil experts believe an embargo also said no Libyan airline tick­ could backfire on Western ets would be sold to citizens of economies. countries supporting the sanc­ A tightening of the screws on tions. Tripoli also would increase Although there is Arab senti­ popular pressure on Arab gov­ ment against the sanctions, ernments, which argue they are nations in the region abided by being asked to enforce sanc­ The Observer/Sue Kehias a U.N. resolution passed March tions on another Arab state The thrill of victory 31 banning arms sales to Libya while Israel, subject of numer­ and calling on countries to cut ous U.N. resolutions, goes un­ Gus, Matthew, Michael, Aaron and Brant show off the ribbons they won yesterday at the Spring Olympics back Libyan diplomatic staffs. punished. sponsored by the Law School Forum on Social Justice. The games were held on the quad in front of the Despite the grounding of flights, Law School and include an egg toss, tug of war and three-legged race. land and sea links remained, see LIBYA/ page 4 Kmiec says Freeman v. Pitts decision ‘does not go far enough’ By DANA ANDERSON Kmiec said, “but it doesn’t the court order in 1969 was sponsible for the choices of pri­ vision in that area, thus result­ News Writer mandate them to. That means meant to eliminate vestiges of vate individuals that result in ing in additional flexibility. that litigation w ill continue, past discrimination by unravel­ demographic segregation. The The Federal Court has been The recent Supreme Court de­ meaning more resources will be ing decisions made 10-30 years school district wanted to know running the schools since 1954, cision in the Freeman v. Pitts spent on lawyers instead of ed­ ago within the school sys­ if they were obligated to main­ with the Brown v. Board of Ed­ school desegregation case “is ucational quality.” tem.The school system found it tain a racial balance even when ucation decision. The superin­ good, but doesn’t go far Laws made in 1969 give rise difficult to comply with this the imbalance is unrelated to tendent had to report all deci­ enough,"said Douglas Kmiec, a to the desegregation litigation order because it became impos­ activities of the school district. sions made pertaining to the professor at the Notre Dame today. A federal district court sible to differentiate between The Court wrote an opinion school system to the court. Law School. order required the desegrega­ outcomes of discrimination of then that on the surface gave Kmiec said that this extreme In a unanimous decision, the tion of DeKalb county schools to choice. more flexibility to the superin­ waste of money, especially high court ruled that the eliminate race from the basis of In DeKalb County, the racial tendent and school district. It when schools across the county DeKalb County, Georgia school any decision-making within the composition is such that whites gave a checklist of items that are facing severe budget district is not under a continu­ school system. five in the northern part of the must be met to eliminate the crunches and national concern ing obligation to adjust the ra­ The Supreme Court ordered county while blacks generally vestiges of discrimination. about the quality of school cial composition of its student that the administration end live in the south. These choices These criterion involved stu­ achievements is increasing, is assignments due to population public discrimination by no have nothing to do with the dent, faculty and staff assign­ the significance of the Freeman shifts within the county that longer assigning students, fac­ school districts themselves, but ments, transportation, extra­ v. Pitts case. “The case opened have nothing to do with past ulty, and resources to facilities they do effect the racial com­ curricular activities and facili­ up the possibility of less discrimination. on the basis of race. From the position of schools. ties. If the school met the re­ litigation and more funds to “The ruling permits federal moment of this decree, the The nub of the question to the quirements for one of the crite­ education.” judges to release school dis­ DeKalb system complied with supreme Court, according to rion, the Court expressed the In 1986, a federal trial court tricts incrementally from a this decision. Kmiec, is whether the DeKalb willingness to release the dis­ see KMIEC/ page 4 court desegregation order,” However, the second part of County school district is re­ trict from federal court super­ Clark, Loesch win awards Beauchamp hopes controversy will Special to The Observer Clark has been active in Badin Hall as fund-raising chair Gabriele Clark and Martin in 1989-90 and coordinator for not affect local United Way agencies Loesch have won the 1992 Late Night Olympics. She also By PAUL PEARSON area are satisfied that “positive Notre Dame Alumni Associa­ participated in the annual Ice­ Associate News Editor action has been taken ... and tion’s Distinguished Student berg Debates. that the necessary change have and Distinguished Graduate In the community, she has Father E. William been made” at the national of­ Student Awards. been involved in the Neighbor­ Beauchamp, University execu­ fice, Beauchamp said. The awards recognize service hood Study Help Program, tive vice president, hopes the Beauchamp emphasized the to community and the Univer­ Christmas in April, the Ap­ charitable efforts of the local fact that the local United Ways sity in conjunction with strong palachian Service Seminar and United Way agencies will not are independent organizations academic standing. The under­ the Summer Service Project. be affected by the recent run by independent volunteers, graduate award has been given Clark also pioneered Notre controversy involving the and that 99 percent of all funds annually since 1982; this is the Dame’s involvement with the national office. raised remain in the local area. second year for the graduate Nevada Desert Experience, a In a press conference yester­ “It is important for people to award. program that seeks resolution day, Beauchamp, who is also know that the practices of our Clark is a senior English ma­ to the problems associated with chairman of the board for the local United Ways are not jor from Mechanicsburg, Pa. A nuclear arms testing as well as United Way of St. Joseph being disputed, and that the Notre Dame scholar and four- homelessness and poverty in County, announced that the lo­ William Beauchamp actions of William Aramony do year member of the Dean’s List, the Las Vegas area. cal chapters “reinstate our report recommending changes not reflect the practices of your she is currently w riting a senior Loesch, from Olympia Fields, confidence in United Way of in the national office, such as a local United Way.” honors thesis examining the 111., will receive his third and Am erica.” 10 percent cut of its 1992 bud­ Beauchamp also said that the racial and gender oppressions fourth degrees from Notre The national body, after re­ get, a hiring freeze and repre­ local agencies are carefully faced by African American Dame in May. He earned his ports of mismanagement and sentation of local agencies on scrutinized, and that all agen­ women in American society as bachelor’s degree in 1987 and a fraud, fired President William its Board of Governors. cies are audited annually. articulated by the author Toni Aramony March 16 and has re­ After reviewing this report, see AWARDS/ page 4 Morrison. cently released an investigative the agencies in the Michiana see UNITED/ page 4 page 2 The Observer Thursday, April 16, 1992 INSIDE COLUMN FORECAST: Forecast for noon,Thursday, April 16 WEATHER REPORT Cloudy and mild TQM can fix today with an 80 percent chance of thunderstorms. Highs in the mid 60s. U.S. business Friday will be partly cloudy and mild with problems highs in the mid 60s. TEMPERATURES: You’ve heard it all City H before, Japanese Anchorage 50 power—the way of the Athens 64 future. But what makes Bogota 72 DAVID Boston 53 Japanese business so Cairo 75 BELIVEAU successful? The answer Chicago 57 Controller Cleveland 55 lies behind an ingrained Dallas 82 Japanese principle of Denver 65 Detroit 42 business, a new American Indianapolis 73 buzz word that is quickly __________________ Jerusalem 63 London 45 b ecoming very popular: Madrid 75 Total Quality Management (TQM).