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Mulheres Intelectuais Na Idade Média -.: Fernando Santiago Dos Santos

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Mulheres Intelectuais Na Idade Média -.: Fernando Santiago Dos Santos Mulheres intelectuais na Idade Média Mulheres intelectuais na Idade Média Entre a medicina, a história, a poesia, a dramaturgia, a filosofia, a teologia e a mística Marcos Roberto Nunes Costa Rafael Ferreira Costa Diagramação: Marcelo A. S. Alves Capa: Lucas Margoni O padrão ortográfico e o sistema de citações e referências bibliográficas são prerrogativas de cada autor. Da mesma forma, o conteúdo de cada capítulo é de inteira e exclusiva responsabilidade de seu respectivo autor. Todos os livros publicados pela Editora Fi estão sob os direitos da Creative Commons 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.pt_BR http://www.abecbrasil.org.br Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) COSTA, Marcos Roberto Nunes; COSTA, Rafael Ferreira Mulheres intelectuais na idade média: entre a medicina, a história, a poesia, a dramaturgia, a filosofia, a teologia e a mística [recurso eletrônico] / Marcos Roberto Nunes Costa; Rafael Ferreira Costa -- Porto Alegre, RS: Editora Fi, 2019. 296 p. ISBN - 978-85-5696-599-8 Disponível em: http://www.editorafi.org 1. Filosofia; 2. Mulher; 3. Idade Média; 4. Intelectualidade; 5. História; I. Título. CDD: 100 Índices para catálogo sistemático: 1. Filosofia 100 À irmã Adélia Ulisses de Miranda (beneditina), que de maneira paciente, generosa e competente fez a correção ortográfica da presente obra, os nossos sinceros agradecimentos. Sumário Introdução ................................................................................................... 11 1. Escritoras religiosas e/ou laicas defensoras da fé cristã ......................... 15 Faltonia Betitia Proba (séc. IV) .............................................................................. 15 Egéria (sec. IV/V) ................................................................................................... 20 Aelia Eudoxia Augusta (séc. IV/V) ....................................................................... 30 Huneberc von Heidenheim (séc. VIII) ..................................................................32 Dhuoda de Septimania (806-843) ........................................................................ 33 Roswita von Gandersheim (935-1002) ................................................................ 39 Ava von Göttweig (1060-1127).............................................................................. 46 Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) ...................................................................... 48 Heloíse de Argenteuil (1101-1164) ....................................................................... 101 Elisabeth von Schönau (1129-1165) ..................................................................... 108 Herrad de Landsberg (1130-1195) ....................................................................... 110 Clémence de Barking (1163-1200)........................................................................113 Hadewijch de Antuérpia (ou Amberes) (1190-1240) ......................................... 114 Chiara de Assis (1193-1253) ................................................................................. 121 Beatrijs van Nazare (1200-1268) ......................................................................... 123 Mechthild von Magdeburg (1207-1294) ..............................................................131 Marguerite d’ Oingt (1240 -1310) ........................................................................ 141 Mechthild von Hackeborn (1241-1299) ............................................................... 147 Angela di Foligno (1248-1309) ............................................................................ 149 Marguerite Porete (1250-1310) ............................................................................ 153 Gertrudis von Helfta, a Grande (1256-1302) ...................................................... 164 Christine Ebner (1277-1356) ................................................................................ 169 Margaret Ebner (1291-1351) .................................................................................. 171 Brigida Birgersdotter (da Suécia) (1303-1373) .................................................. 172 Juliana Norwich (1342-1430) ............................................................................... 184 Catarina di Siena (1347-1380) ............................................................................ 188 Dorotea de Montau (1347-1394) ........................................................................ 194 Bartolomea Riccoboni (1369-1440) ..................................................................... 196 Marjery Kempe (1373-1438) ................................................................................ 196 Juliana Berners (1388-146?) ................................................................................ 198 Catarina di Bologna (1413-1463) ........................................................................ 200 Teresa de Cartagena (1425-????) ....................................................................... 202 Isabel de Villena (1430-1490) ............................................................................. 208 Catarina di Genova (1447-1510) .......................................................................... 210 Antonia Pulci (1452-1501) .................................................................................... 213 2. Escritoras laicas ligadas às artes liberais .............................................. 215 Hipátia de Alexandria (370-413 d. C) ................................................................. 215 Trotula di Ruggiero (1050-1097) ........................................................................ 220 Anna Komnēnē (1083-1153) ............................................................................... 228 Beatriz (ou Condessa) de Dia (1140-1180) ......................................................... 230 Marie de France (séc. XII) .................................................................................... 231 Bettisia Gozzadini (1209-1261) ............................................................................ 235 Compiuta Donzella (cerca de 1240-????) .......................................................... 236 Nina Siciliana (cerca de 1290-????) ................................................................... 238 Jacqueline Félicie (1290-1340) ............................................................................ 239 Giovanna Bianchetti (cerca de 1310-????) ......................................................... 241 Novella d’Andrea Calderini (1333-1366) ............................................................ 242 Bartolomea Mattugliani (1350-????) ................................................................. 243 Leonora della Genga (1360-????) ...................................................................... 244 Leonor López de Córdoba (1362-1430) ............................................................. 246 Cristina di Pisano (1363-1430) ........................................................................... 248 Elisabetta Trebbiani (1397-????) ....................................................................... 262 Alessandra Macinghi (1407-1471) ....................................................................... 263 Referências ............................................................................................... 265 Introdução É corrente afirmar-se que, antes da chamada Modernidade, não há registro de mulheres na construção do pensamento erudito. Que, se tomarmos como exemplo a Filosofia e a Teologia, as quais foram as duas áreas do conhecimento que mais produziram intelectuais durante a Idade Média, não encontraremos a presença das mulheres intelectuais nesse período. Realmente, se nos basearmos em alguns dados empíricos, como, por exemplo, os Manuais ou Compêndios de Filosofia (comumente chamados de História da Filosofia), pelo menos na sua grande maioria, não aparece nenhuma mulher na lista dos chamados Filósofos1. Também nos Manuais de Teologia há uma ausência total das mulheres2. E, mesmo na Modernidade/Contemporaneidade, em que as mulheres conquistaram elevado espaço nas mais variadas áreas do fazer teórico e prático, em determinadas áreas do conhecimento ainda coloca-se sob suspeita a atribuição de certos títulos ou estatutos científicos a mulheres. Por exemplo, os autores dos Manuais de História da Filosofia ainda não se sentem confortáveis em classificar e apresentar como “Filósofas” certas mulheres que se apresentam como tais. É o caso, por exemplo, das nossas contemporâneas Rosa de Luxemburgo, Edith Stein, Hannah Arendt, Simone de Beauvoir e Simone Weil, dentre outras, que ainda não aparecem como “Filósofas” nos Manuais de Filosofia. 1 No que se refere à Idade Média, até onde é do nosso conhecimento, o único Manual de História da Filosofia Medieval que traz ou classifica mulheres em seu elenco é o seguinte: SARANYANA, 1999. 2 Em pesquisa recente chamou-nos a atenção o fato de que no Banco de Dissertações e Teses [repositório] do Ibcit – Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, não há uma única dissertação e/ou tese desenvolvida por um Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia no Brasil sobre uma pensadora medieval. 12 | Mulheres Intelectuais na Idade Média Bem como, os estudos monográficos acerca de escritoras medievais (e porque não dizer também das modernas/contemporâneas), até pouco tempo atrás eram marcadamente preconceitusos, o que levou Caroline Walker Bynum, em seu prefácio à tradução
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