Inspiring the extraordinary Research and Innovation Contents

06 08 10 11 18 19 20 22 Unlocking the Dogs could join fight Ancient DNA reveals How we started Scientists find new Sustainability through Knowledge Nature inspires first mystery of the against Covid-19 secrets of Game of a #womenintech way to kill tuberculosis transparency across borders manufactured non- Moon’s formation Thrones wolves revolution cuttable material

12 14 15 16 24 25 26 28 Customers prefer ‘Happy’ and ‘sad’ Liquidity Crashes - Reducing racial bias How French words Transforming our Transforming abandoned Extraordinary robots to be music differs towards more resilient in facial recognition became part of the understanding of coal mines into co-operation humanlike across cultures electronic markets English language hearing voices geothermal heat source produces world leading and world Welcome changing research

Professor Claire Professor Colin O’Malley, Pro-Vice- Bain, Vice-Provost Chancellor (Global) (Research)

At Durham, we believe Last year, in partnership We are one of the world’s previously worked together international collaboration with the Chinese top universities. We are to successfully prove that is central to enhancing Academy of Sciences, we a globally outstanding dogs can be trained to sniff global knowledge and launched the Knowledge centre of teaching and out the scent of patients developing global Across Borders webinar research excellence, a infected with malaria. citizenship. Our staff and series. The series brings collegiate community of In Space Science our students come from over together outstanding exceptional and committed research is truly world- 130 countries, creating an researchers from across people, in a unique and leading, with three of outward-looking, globally- the world to open up new historic setting. Our our Cosmologists named minded and inclusive perspectives, share insights academic staff conduct among the world’s scholarly community. and to address some boundary-breaking best for the quality and of the most significant research which improves We were recently named influence of their work in issues of our time. lives across the world. as one of the world’s most the Clarivate Highly Cited international universities We are proud of our The goal of our Research Researchers 2020 list by the Times Higher research activities that and Engagement Strategy from the Web of Science Education (THE). Ranked contribute to delivering is to create and sustain Group. The listing puts 25th, the league table the United Nations’ world-leading and world- Durham joint first in the UK, highlighted our high Sustainable Development changing research and joint third in Europe and proportion of international Goals (SDGs). As examples, engagement across all our joint seventh in the world staff and students and Durham research is being academic disciplines. for the strength of our our collaborations with used to transform coal research in Space Science. Our Bioscientists are universities across the mines into multi-million currently working on a We are also proud of globe, as well as our strong pound renewable research trial to discover if our growing strategic international reputation. systems, and our scientists bio-detection dogs could partnerships with global have found a new way We produce world-leading be used in the fight against companies such as Procter to kill the bacteria that and world-changing Covid-19. The project is a and Gamble and IBM. Our cause tuberculosis (TB), research across all four collaboration between the relationship with P&G the world’s deadliest of our faculties, which London School of Hygiene involves over 100 funded infectious disease. pushes boundaries and & Tropical Medicine, projects, and has been fosters partnerships across We believe that inspiring Medical Detection Dogs cited as a case study geographies and sectors. our people to do and Durham University. in influential reports to outstanding things at Successful completion the UK Government. Durham enables Durham of the trial could lead to We find it easy to be proud people to do outstanding the use of dogs at entry of the extraordinary people things in the world. points across the UK to we have at Durham. We help identify the virus in offer the inspiration, they those arriving into the achieve the outstanding. country. The team has The giant-impact theory As the researchers suggests that the Moon explain, this clump— Unlocking the was formed some 4.5 which in the simulations billion years ago, following is seen settling into an a huge collision involving orbit around post-impact mystery of the proto-Earth (early Earth). Earth—would eventually Using computer simulations, grow by sweeping up and our researchers crashed a absorbing the disc of debris Moon’s formation Mars-sized ancient planet surrounding the planet. called Theia—believed to The clump also has a small have existed in our solar iron core, similar to that of system at that time—into our Moon, with an outer Durham is home to some of the world’s proto-Earth, in order layer of materials from the to test the theory. early Earth and Theia. leading space scientists and most powerful supercomputer technology. In a project that The outcomes they While our scientists have observed differed been careful to say that combines this knowledge and technology, our depending on the size this is not definitive proof astronomers are hoping to learn more about and direction of the spin, of the Moon’s origin, including no spin at all, their results suggest that how the Moon might have been created. that they gave to Theia. At further investigation along one extreme, the collision these lines could prove merged the two objects interesting. Consequently, together; at the other, a they plan to run further grazing hit-and-run impact simulations in which the Scan the QR codes below occurred. Interestingly, mass, speed and spinning to watch a video about when a small amount of rate of both the early Earth this research and to read spin was added, a Moon- and Theia are manipulated other key research stories like object was created. to examine what effect Crucially, however, when this has on the formation no spin was added of a potential Moon. to Theia the collision produced a self-gravitating clump of material with > Supercomputer a mass of about 80 per simulations could cent of our Moon. unlock mystery of Moon’s formation

> Galaxy mergers could limit star formation

Fact > How to build a universe Our Department of Physics has been ranked Joint 1st in the UK for internationally excellent and world-leading research impact (REF 2014)

> Zooming in on dark matter

6 7 Dogs could join fight against Covid-19

Researchers are finding out if specially-trained dogs can sniff out Covid-19 in people.

The project, part-funded conditions such as malaria by the UK Government, is a (as indicated above), collaboration between the Parkinson’s disease and London School of Hygiene some cancers in humans, & Tropical Medicine, with high levels of accuracy. Medical Detection Dogs This study looks at whether and Durham University. dogs can be trained to The same team has detect coronavirus in previously worked together people, even if they are to successfully prove that asymptomatic, too. dogs can be trained to In the first phase of the smell the scent of malaria. trial, the dogs are being If the trial is successful, trained to sniff odour dogs could be used as a samples from t-shirts and new rapid, non-invasive socks worn by people with Scan the QR codes below diagnostic tool for the and without Covid-19 and to watch a video about virus to complement other indicating when they have this research and to testing measures. Bio- found a positive sample. read other key Covid-19 detection dogs could be More than ten years of research stories deployed to public places research by the charity such as airports to assist Medical Detection Dogs has with the rapid screening shown that dogs can be of people travelling trained to detect the odour from abroad – with the of disease at the equivalent > How dogs could join the potential of screening of dilution of one teaspoon of fight against Covid-19 up to 250 people per hour. sugar in two Olympic-sized Bio-detection dogs have swimming pools of water. already been shown to effectively detect specific

> Using big data to fight Covid-19

> Participation in Lateral Flow Test (LFT) pilot

8 9 Today, for the first time, Previous studies had led Launched in 2019, this an international team led scientists to believe that six-month programme Ancient DNA by researchers from our these wolves were closely How we started took 100 women from the Archaeology department related to grey wolves, and north and midlands of the and colleagues in Australia, indeed, they are known UK and retrained them for reveals secrets Germany and the US to have overlapped with a #womenintech a career in technology. has sequenced their coyotes and grey wolves in In the UK, just 17% of the ancient DNA, revealing a North America for at least technology workforce of Game of complex history to these 10,000 years before their revolution is female. Within that ice-age predators. extinction. Nevertheless, our figure, women from Black, current research found no Asian and other minority The team of 49 researchers evidence of interbreeding. communities are further examined the DNA of Thrones wolves On the contrary, their under-represented. Our five dire wolf sub-fossils At Durham we are committed to equality, profound evolutionary aim was not just to equip The programme has dating back to over divergence from grey diversity and inclusion. An excellent example participants with skills since been nationally 50,000 years ago, as well wolves, our team suggests, of that commitment in action is our award- in subjects such as data recognised by the Digital as those of many other Known scientifically asCanis dirus, meaning places dire wolves in an science, machine learning Agenda Impact Awards. wolf-like, canid species. winning TechUPWomen programme. ‘fearsome dog’, the dire wolf is one of entirely different genus— and project management These awards celebrate Their analyses suggest that Aenocyon dirus (‘terrible but to instil a sense of self- how technology and the most famous prehistoric carnivores unlike many canid species wolf’)—as first proposed belief and confidence too. innovation improves lives; that apparently migrated from Pleistocene America. Known to have by palaeontologist ours came under the repeatedly between North Examples of how John Campbell Merriam category ‘employment preyed on large mammals like bison, America and Eurasia over TechUPWomen has over 100 years ago. It and skills’, which they became extinct around 13,000 years time, dire wolves evolved changed the lives of those could also explain why specifically recognises solely in North America who took part include the ago. Beyond this, a great deal about their they were probably ill- initiatives that change for millions of years. following: one participant equipped to adapt to ways into employment evolution and extinction is still unknown. has launched her own changing conditions at and increase skills. In app, Blaqbase; another the end of the ice age. the virtual ceremony, is working as a content Professor Sue Black of manager for HR in One our Computer Sciences and has been elected department accepted board trustee of Being the award on behalf Woman UK; and a third of the team. Professor has started a position as Black, who is herself a junior release associate pioneer of women in with Double Eleven Ltd, a technology and the founder local games developer. of #techmums, along with computer scientist Professor Alexandra Cristea, collaborated with industry on the programme.

Fact Over 19,000 students and 4,300 staff members

10 11 To answer it, Professor qualities—such as a human as humanlike; customer Markus Blut and his voice, the ability to display age, gender and previous Customers prefer international colleagues emotion and a physically experience of robots also Fact developed a comprehensive human appearance. The had a significant effect. Durham University model to investigate reason for this, according to Important mediators of Business School is robots to be relationships between the researchers, is that such customers’ desire to interact one of an elite group anthropomorphism—the qualities make it easier for with robots included attribution of human us to apply the social rules, robot characteristics of institutions in the humanlike characteristics or behaviour scripts and expectations (e.g. intelligence) and UK to be accredited to an object—and its that we commonly use functional characteristics by all three major consequences on customer in our human-to-human (e.g. usefulness), while professional bodies interactions. The model was interactions. This in turn relational characteristics – the Association to It is highly likely that the use of robots in developed from a meta- makes robots appear (e.g. rapport) were found Advance Collegiate analysis of previous studies, more controllable and to be less important. Schools of Business customer service settings will become a more capturing the interactions predictable, and our These findings highlight (AACSB), the common tool for businesses. But how will with service robots of interactions with them the potential consequences Association of MBAs their customers react to this development? over 11,000 individuals. easier and more familiar. of employing humanlike (AMBA) and the That is the question being considered by Many companies have found The research also identified versus machinelike robots in European Quality that anthropomorphism certain triggers and service firms. They can also an international collaboration involving can be used to increase mediators that make be used to assess whether Improvement members of our Business School, the product and brand liking us more or less likely a firm’s customer base is System (EQUIS). International Business School Suzhou and in marketing. But whether to anthropomorphise ready for service robots and it enhances customers’ robots. Competence with to decide which humanlike the Universities of Paderborn and Rostock. experiences of service technology, computer robots, and their features, robots has been unclear, anxiety and general to choose. Essentially, if up until now. The team’s negative attitudes towards people feel comfortable findings have revealed a robots in daily life were and at ease with a robot, clear human preference for all found to correlate their chances of using customer-service robots with the likelihood of the service increase. that embody humanlike perceiving a service robot

12 13 Dr Arzé Karam, from our Business School with ‘Happy’ and ‘sad’ Liquidity Crashes Dimitar Bogover from Fact EDF Energy, London have Over 40% of developed two metrics for academic staff are music differs - towards more capturing the dynamics non-UK origin preceding liquidity crashes in high-frequency markets. across cultures resilient electronic The first is quote volatility, which is based on the rate of oscillation of the best ask The resulting model is able markets and best bid quotations and to identify elevated risk, That emotions associated with music can be appears to detect changes particularly when market in liquidity supply in a very conditions are extreme, i.e. communicated across cultures, at least on a short time period. The large-order imbalances, rudimentary level, has been established. What second is price momentum, abnormal trading volumes The FinTech revolution has brought dramatic is less clear, is how this happens. However, which appears to capture and very low levels of changes to the way financial markets—from the impact of sell-offs liquidity. Interestingly, the researchers in our Department of Music currencies, governments and equities to by investors on trading model gives a warning well believe they have now cracked the code. prices. In addition, they before the actual spikes derivatives—perform. Trading now happens have outlined a novel of illiquidity that lead to in microsecond time frames and risks are procedure based on non- a crash can be seen. emerging faster and in greater volume than linear, machine-learning In a cross-cultural study In brief, their findings methods that allows these Both the metrics and the involving participants from suggest that the emotions ever before. In such instances, traditional metrics to be tested across model will be of direct remote northwest Pakistan Western cultures associate approaches may be too slow to react. major futures contracts value to market regulators, and from the UK who with specific types of music with a higher accuracy than exchanges and market were naïve to each other’s do not apply to people who was previously possible. participants. This will be of culture, our researchers have not been exposed to considerable importance, explored the emotional Western music. Outside given the enormous connotations of various of Western culture the volumes of trade in the Western and non-Western emotional links between electronic futures markets harmonisation styles. The happy and sad and major which will rise substantially team was particularly and minor music were with the uncertainty interested in exploring how found to be quite different, surrounding the current we assess songs as happy with solemn ceremonies economic climate and the or sad and how this relates in northwest Pakistan ongoing health crisis. to our cultural upbringing. being accompanied by music that Western cultures would perceive as ‘cheerful’. Conversely, acoustic roughness—a Fact phenomenon that typically renders sounds unattractive Our Department of to Western ears—elicited Music is ranked 1st similar emotions of anger in the Times and across both cultures. Thus, Sunday Times Good it seems, songs inspire University Guide emotions in all of us; but and Joint 1st due whether those emotions are to its world leading happy or sad may depend on our cultural background. research (REF 2014)

14 15 Reducing racial bias in facial recognition

Facial recognition is becoming an essential part of our daily lives, from its use in security and education, to virtual assistants and personal gym trainers. But while this technology can make our lives easier and better in a number of ways, no facial analysis system is perfect. A recent study by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology found significant differences in how accurately face recognition software tools were able to identify people of different sex, age and racial backgrounds.

The tendency of such tools Applying these newly to misidentify people who trained algorithms has are not white is a serious led to a one per cent limitation that researchers reduction in racial bias in our Department of and greater accuracy in Computer Science are facial recognition across working hard to resolve. all ethnicities. While this In the first phase of level of improvement their research, the team may appear small, the developed a synthesised researchers view it as highly dataset of the different encouraging given the facial characteristics and difficulty of the problem racial features of major and the considerable racial groups (e.g. African, overlap between identifying Asian, Indian and white). and racial features. Their They did this by making intention now is to extend multiple face images based the study in order to on a real person’s face develop their solution and applying different and bring about further racial characteristics improvement. Eventually, Fact while retaining identifying they hope, their method can We are ranked features. They then used be employed to regulate 25th in the Times the images to train face facial recognition software recognition algorithms to used by governments Higher Education verify identifying features and companies. international rather than racial features, universities thereby making them less rankings 2021 dependent upon race.

16 17 Scientists find Sustainability new way to kill through tuberculosis transparency

Tuberculosis (TB) is the world’s deadliest The Sustainable Development Goal infectious disease, responsible for nearly Disclosure (SDGD) recommendations offer 1.5 million deaths every year. Whilst most businesses and other organisations a new cases can be cured with proper treatment, approach to sustainable development. the number of antibiotic-resistant infections is steadily increasing. Now, an international team of researchers, co-led The report draws on Extracts of responses to Among those organisations by our scientists, has found a new way to the three frameworks/ public consultation on the who responded, consultancy standards most used recommendations have firm Arup noted that: ‘…a kill the bacteria that cause this disease. and most influential in since been published. They complement to assurance regulatory and non- make the strong case that: is to make accounting for regulatory policy initiatives: sustainability a compulsory 1) the current level the Global Reporting subject at university for of disclosure by Bacteria, such as the germs detailed 3-D picture of Initiative’s Standards, the those studying accounting. organisations on that cause TB, produce the toxin, combined with Taskforce on Climate- It could also be incorporated sustainable development toxins to help them adapt to genetic and biochemical related Financial Disclosures into the professional is insufficient to stress in the environment. data, they showed that recommendations and the accounting qualifications.’ achieve the Sustainable These toxins are normally the toxin inhibits the use International Integrated Development Goals In our Business School, counteracted by a matching of amino acids that the Reporting Framework. and create value we cover sustainability antidote, but when they bacteria need in order for organisations and reporting in both are active they can to produce essential and society; and our undergraduate potentially slow bacterial proteins. If it is not and postgraduate growth and even lead to neutralised by its MenA 2) addressing this requires accounting degrees. cell death. Our researchers anti-toxin, MenT stalls the a concerted effort by have discovered a new growth of Mycobacterium all sectors of society toxin, called MenT, that tuberculosis, causing and collaboration the bacteria to die. is produced by the TB between organisations Fact bacterium Mycobacterium The team now aims to and authorities tuberculosis and which exploit the toxin in order to responsible for World Top 50 for can be used to poison it. develop new anti-TB drugs. developing guidelines, our contribution to regulations and ‘tools’. By building an extremely Scan the QR code below four of the United to watch the video Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - THE’s Impact Rankings 2020 > Scientists find new way to kill tuberculosis

18 Title here 19 Knowledge across borders

Some of the world’s leading academics are discussing their work in a series of webinars organised by Durham University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The series, Knowledge Across Borders, brings together researchers who are outstanding in their fields of expertise to stimulate new, creative and critical thinking, open up new perspectives across cultures, deepen collaboration and share fresh insights.

Leading palaeontologists Interdisciplinary challenges and the programme to Scan the QR codes below Our first webinar featured From the study of silkworms save the native foxes to read other international Professor David Harper through understanding on Santa Cruz Island in research stories and to (Durham University) gravity waves to designing California, the researchers watch the webinars and Professor Renbin human knee implants, illustrated the questions Zhan (Chinese Academy collaborating across and methodologies that arise from intense of Sciences/Nanjing different disciplines in interdisciplinary Institute of Geology research is a common engagement. and Palaeontology). way of working for academics. At Durham, The Knowledge Across In the webinar, these we pride ourselves on Borders series is part of a > Watch the webinars leading palaeontologists this kind of work. long-standing friendship discussed how life has been and partnership between evolving on our planet for But what are the Durham University and some four billion years challenges and how can the Chinese Academy but has been microbial for they be overcome? In the of Sciences. most of geological time. second webinar of the > Global Durham: series, Professors Nancy Our academics have Palace Museum Based on their extensive Cartwright (Professor collaborated on hundreds Partnership - research, the experts of Philosophy, Durham of research papers in Durham University looked at how major University and Distinguished recent years and this biotic events such as Professor, University of deep partnership means the Cambrian Explosion, California at San Diego) and we have been, and are the Great Ordovician Tom McLeish (Professor continuing to, address Biodiversification and the of Natural Philosophy, some of the most pressing Late Ordovician Extinction University of York) talked issues in society today. changed the direction of about the importance of life on Earth, established its interdisciplinary work, the Both of our organisations resilience and initiated more challenges involved and are conducting world- Fact modern marine ecosystems. how to surmount them. changing research by Drawing on examples such pushing and exploring We ranked as the Oxford knee implant, boundaries and focusing 86th in the QS natural silk production in on scientific solutions World University the Bombix Mori silkworm, which can benefit society. Rankings 2021 the Stanford gravity probe

20 21 Nature inspires first manufactured non- cuttable material

Inspired by nature, our engineers have created what they believe to be the world’s first manufactured non-cuttable material. Their idea for the new lightweight material was inspired by the tough cellular skin of the grapefruit and the fracture-resistant shells of the abalone mollusc. Named Proteus, after the shape-changing, mythical god, it could prove particularly useful in the security and health and safety industries. Our nanocoating has been applied to the surfaces of millions of mobile phones. Read more following the The material is made from In tests, Proteus could not link below. alumina ceramic spheres be cut by angle grinders, encased in a cellular, drills or high-pressure aluminium, metallic-foam water jets. According to structure and works by our researchers, trying to turning back the force of a cut the material feels like cutting tool on itself. When cutting through a jelly filled cut with an angle grinder with nuggets—if you get or drill, the interlocking through the jelly you hit vibrational connection the nuggets, which causes created by the ceramic the material to vibrate in spheres inside the casing such a way that it destroys Fact blunts the cutting disc or the cutting disc or drill bit. Our Department of drill bit. In addition, the Water jets are similarly ceramics fragment into ineffective because the Chemistry is rated fine particles, which fill curved surfaces of the No.1 in the whole the cellular structure of ceramic spheres widen the sector (REF 2014), the material and harden jet, substantially reducing due to its world as the speed of the its speed and weakening leading and world cutting tool is increased. its cutting capacity. changing research These qualities make Proteus ideal for applications as diverse as bike locks, lightweight Scan the QR code armour and protective below to read more equipment for people who about this research work with cutting tools.

> Waterproofing at your fingertips

22 23 French words, we learn, All this, according to the have become part of the author, poses a challenge to How French English language over the widely held British attitudes Transforming our centuries to its undoubted towards other languages enrichment. Their origins go and cultures; attitudes, he words became as far back as the Norman argues, we would do well to understanding of conquest of England in reconsider in an increasingly 1066. Some six hundred global world that will part of the years later, new words inevitably be shaped by hearing voices such as ennui, caprice and the impact of Covid-19 and je ne sais quoi entered life post-Brexit. At the very English language our vocabulary thanks in least, it would seem that large part to the French- reports of the ‘triumph An award-winning, multi-disciplinary inspired court of King of English’ as a global Charles II and his close common language have team at Durham is behind a new clinical alliance with his cousin, been greatly exaggerated. tool for managing unusual sensory What does our history of adopting King Louis XIV of France. experiences (MUSE) and the world’s untranslated French words and phrases Later still, other words were most comprehensive website on hearing reveal about England’s long and often brought back to England by the wealthy and their voices (understandingvoices.com). fraught relationship with France? That is servants as more extensive the question Professor Richard Scholar, travel became popular. head of our School of Modern Languages As many as one in ten enhance clinical practice, and Cultures, examines in his new book— people hear voices that and improve the health Émigrés: French Words That Turned English. others do not. Such and well-being of those experiences are commonly who find their voices associated with distress and distressing. The team is mental illness, and with the made up of researchers shame that accompanies from a range of academic social stigma. But in disciplines investigating all Fact addition to these clinical types of voice-hearing. By In the QS World settings, voice-hearing challenging misconceptions can also be observed in and stigma, their work has University Rankings medieval and modern concluded that hearing by Subject 2020, literature as well as religious voices is not a symptom three of our subjects and spiritual practices. of pathology but a rich are in the World and complex aspect of Our Hearing the Voice Top 10 - Theology the human experience. project is an eight-year and Religion (4th), initiative working with In 2020, the researchers Archaeology (4th) Fact voice-hearers, their received the Medical and Geography (10th) families and mental health Humanities Award for Best In the 2021 Times professionals to gain a Research in recognition of Higher Education better understanding their outstanding work at (THE) World of what it is like to hear the interface of the arts, Scan the QR code voices and why it happens, humanities and medicine. University Rankings below to read more by Subject, Law about this project and Arts and Humanities were ranked in the Top 50

> Hearing the voice

24 25 Transforming abandoned coal mines into geothermal heat source

The Durham Energy Institute is the hub of Decarbonising energy is one of the most pressing energy research at challenges facing the world today. If we are to Durham University. It is becoming a world meet our current targets for reducing greenhouse leader in providing emissions, tackle climate change and achieve understanding, sustainable development goals, we need to leadership and solutions for energy increase our sources of secure, low-carbon decarbonisation and energy, reduce our use of and change the transition to net- zero. It works to ensure energy-use practices across society and industry. that sustainable and resilient low-carbon energy systems can be developed that meet In the UK, heat production The project will see water the needs of different accounts for over half of our extracted from flooded contexts and ensure fair energy demand. Most of mines in the former access for everyone. this demand is currently met Hebburn Colliery by by burning gas—a major drilling vertical boreholes contributor to greenhouse 300–400m underground. gases. , The water will then be by contrast, is a reliable, compressed to a much Fact cleaner source of heat. higher temperature and What is more, geothermal distributed to the network Our Department energy has the potential to heat council-owned of Geography has to reduce the UK’s buildings including a been ranked in the reliance on gas imported residential tower block. for from other countries. World Top 10 On completion, the eight consecutive With this in mind, energy project is expected to years in QS World researchers at our Durham reduce carbon emissions University Rankings Energy Institute have been by some 319 tonnes a exploring the production year, helping the local by Subject of sustainable, low-carbon council’s drive to become heating using water from carbon neutral by 2030. abandoned former coal mines. Their research is Scan the QR code now being used as part below to read more of a £7 million renewable about this research energy project in South Tyneside, an area in the north-east of England.

> Durham Energy Institute - Durham University

26 27 Extraordinary Example case studies > Surface Science Liquid-Repellent Surfaces: co-operation Simulations for developing superhydrophobic surfaces and understanding the key parameters affecting the stability of these Our strategic relationship with the global, surfaces — allowing P&G to produce fast-moving-goods leader, Procter and new, adsorbent materials and Gamble (P&G), has been cited as a ‘best save on development costs. in class’ exemplar. Already significant, the > Life Sciences size, scale and scope of this relationship A Complete Metal Sensory System: continues to grow. Key highlights include: Understanding in vivo metalation processes responsible for ~50% of » More than 100 funded projects. human life processes — to help reduce bacterial growth using ionophores. » The Durham–P&G model being cited as a case study in influential Skin Model Transformative Platform Technologies: reports to the UK government. Understanding the structure and » Being presented as a global function of skin — to help develop leader in multidisciplinary tools to protect and repair the skin as well as reverse ageing. research to the US Congress. » Both parties using the relationship > Data Sciences to broaden industrial and Anti-Counterfeiting: Developing a deep-learning system academic collaboration. — to analyse image features for » Research outcomes of far-reaching impact. detecting counterfeit goods and protecting intellectual property. Are you curious to find out more? Activity as part of this relationship has been cross- University, embracing both the research and Join us in inspiring the education agenda and involving the departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, extraordinary by contacting Engineering, Geography, Mathematics, Physics, Lucian Hudson at Psychology and the Business School, as well as a number of our research institutes; and it has been [email protected] international, through our work with P&G in the UK, USA, Germany, Belgium, Singapore and China.

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