THE CANTON OF VAUD | 2018

Vaud has the 3rd largest population among Swiss cantons and is ideally positioned at the intersection of Europe’s major communications routes. It offers all of ’s principal advantages : strong academic institutions, a rich and diversified economy, political stability and a much-envied quality of life. 04 18

STRENGTHS PROJECTS

Tourism, healthcare, mobility, sport, education, culture… Voluntary curators, digital education and key areas that contribute to the canton’s influence the digitisation of the archives are some of the canton’s and prosperity. forward-looking projects.

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AUTHORITIES INNOVATION

The three branches of government : Legislative (Grand Council), Internationally-recognised universities, start-up Executive (State Council) and the Judiciary companies and a stimulating R&D environment make (Authorities and Offices of the Cantonal Court). the canton a leading centre of innovation.

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PRIORITIES FINANCE

The Legislative Programme : a set of priorities to ensure A twelfth consecutive budget surplus reflects a lasting, shared prosperity. growth of 2.48 %.

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HISTORY NUMBERS

The canton was shaped by geological forces and has been inhabited since prehistoric times. It achieved independence in 1798. OUR STRENGTHS

TOURISM HEALTHCARE

The Canton de Vaud is an ideal place for ’s University Hospital (CHUV) has a vacation. It is easy to reach and offers a European status and develops research full range of accommodation, from five- partnerships with biomedical companies star luxury hotels to charming bed & which stimulate the economy. breakfasts. In Vaud you can sample all 4 5 the beauty of Switzerland : explore the The canton also benefits from a dense high Alps, the great spaces of the Jura and network of medical-social establishments the authentic charm of the countryside, (EMS) and regional hospitals. These are stroll along its lake shores and through complemented by an excellent home- the winding streets of its towns steeped care system and numerous private clinics. in history. VD.CH/SOINS The Canton’s particular attraction is its art CHUV.CH of living : local and international festivals, open-air sports, typical regional cuisine and top-level gastronomy, outstanding wines and old traditions are just some of the elements that delight visitors to this land of discoveries.

WWW.REGION-DU-LEMAN.CH SPORT MOBILITY EDUCATION CULTURE

Lausanne has been the home of the Inter- To support economic growth while pre- Vaud is one of Switzerland’s most im- With its numerous cultural sites, build- national Olympic Committee (IOC) since serving the quality of life, all the regions portant educational areas. In addition to ings, activities and festivals, the canton 1915, and was officially named the Olympic in the canton need to be linked to an its famous university dating back to 1537, draws a large audience from far beyond its capital in 1994. Also located in the can- efficient, comprehensive transport net- it has one of the two federal universities borders. All forms of cultural expression ton are the , 36 feder- work open to the surrounding areas. To of science and technology (EPFL), and by well established artists take place here. ations and 19 sports-related international achieve this and address the traffic sat- more than a dozen schools of advanced There is also a focus on young creative organisations. uration on some routes, the canton en- studies (HES) in fields as varied as engi- talents who benefit from prestigious sures that the different ways of moving neering, health, education, design, the training, financial assistance and multiple VD.CH/SPORT-INTERNATIONAL around complement each other. arts, and hotel management. opportunities for presenting their work. OLYMPIC.ORG The focus is on road and railway projects UNIL.CH The canton offers more than 80 museums that will improve the entire travel system. EPFL.CH devoted to fine arts, science, history and The upgrading of public transport ties in many other subjects ranging from sport 6 VD.CH/ENSEIGNEMENT-SUPERIEUR 7 with the modernisation of the road net- and games to photography and food. VD.CH/APPRENTISSAGE work and the growth of non-motorised Adding another dimension to its rich cul- travel (“Soft mobility”). tural legacy are the spectacular vineyards of Lavaux, classified as a UNESCO World VD.CH/MOBILITE Heritage Site.

VD.CH/CULTURE MUSEES.VD.CH VD.CH/VAUD-2018 AUTHORITIES

THE LEGISLATURE GROUPS IN THE GRAND COUNCIL

Legislative power is exercised by the LIBERAL-RADICAL (PLR) Grand Council, a composed ∙ 49 members of 150 members elected by proportional representation. Their constituencies cor- SOCIALIST (SOC) respond to the districts, ensuring that all 36 members 8 ∙ 9 the regions of the canton are represented. CENTRAL DEMOCRATIC UNION (UDC) 25 members From 1946, political power in the canton ∙ was shared by a centre-right majority GREENS (VER) and a left-wing minority associated with 21 members the government. However, the 2012 elec- ∙ tions changed the political landscape : GREEN-LIBERAL (V’L) the centre-right retained its majority in ∙ 8 members the Grand Council but is now a minority in the State Council. The Grand Council PDC – FREE VAUD sits every Tuesday except during school ∙ 5 members holidays. Its sessions are open to the pub- TOGETHER LEFT lic and can be followed on the Internet. ∙ 5 members VD.CH/GC The new parliament was opened on 14 April 2017.

VD.CH/PARLEMENT THE STATE COUNCILLORS

THE EXECUTIVE THE JUDICIARY

Executive authority is exercised by the The judicial authorities and offices at- State Council, a government of seven tached to the cantonal court are : the can- members elected directly by the people. tonal tribunal, the urban courts, the ju- Each State Councillor also heads a De- venile court, the bail court, the tribunal partment. Three parties are represented : of constraints and sentencing, justices of NURIA GORRITE BÉATRICE MÉTRAUX 10 socialist greens 11 Socialist (3) Liberal Radical (3) and the peace, the claims offices, the bank- ∙ PRESIDENT OF THE GOVERNMENT, ∙ MINISTER OF INSTITUTIONS Green (1). Since the cantonal elections in ruptcy offices and the cantonal commer- MINISTER OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND SECURITY 2012, the State Council has a majority of cial registry. AND HUMAN RESOURCES women for the first time in its history : four women and three men. VD.CH/OJV VD.CH/JUSTICE JACQUELINE DE QUATTRO PASCAL BROULIS VD.CH/AUTORITES liberal-radical liberal-radical ∙ MINISTER OF TERRITORY ∙ MINISTER OF FINANCE AND VD.CH/CE AND THE ENVIRONMENT EXTERNAL RELATIONS

PIERRE-YVES MAILLARD PHILIPPE LEUBA socialist liberal-radical ∙ MINISTER OF HEALTH AND ∙ MINISTER OF THE ECONOMY, SOCIAL SERVICES INNOVATION AND SPORT

CESLA AMARELLE Vincent Grandjean, State Chancellor socialist ∙ MINISTER OF EDUCATION YOUTH AND CULTURE PRIORITIES

THE LEGISLATIVE PROGRAMME 2017–2022 AIMS TO CREATE A LASTING, SHARED PROSPERITY

In November 2017, the State Council published its legislative programme for 2017– 2022, its financial plan and its 2030 Agenda.

The principal objectives of the legislative programme are to : Guarantee competitiveness and ensure that it benefits everyone 12 ∙ ∙ Strengthen social cohesion and enforce common rules ∙ Protect the environment and natural resources ∙ Successfully adopt digitalisation

A COHESIVE, DIGITAL SOCIETY

The legislative programme 2017–2022 is based on an in-depth analysis of the economic, social and environmental challenges the Canton faces in achieving sustainable develop- ment. Transforming the economy and adopting digitalisation have real potential for creating new jobs but they also risk excluding part of the population from the labour market. While the authorities need to maintain a favourable climate for business and stimulate innovation, they must recognise that entry into the work force is one of the basic elements of social cohesion. They also have to face up to the resurgence of radical and extremist opinions that could harm our country. GENERATIONAL QUESTIONS AT ALL LEVELS CONTROLLING COST INCREASES 2019–2022

Promoting social cohesion also means helping different generations to live in har- The financial plan for the legislative programme 2017–2022 is based on the 2018 mony. Integrating the new generation is just as important as providing medical and budget. In setting the provisions for 2019–2022, the State Council has made some social services for the elderly. Changing demographics and the growing percentage of assumptions about changes in revenues and expenses. For example, tax revenues and seniors in the population will increase the need for public services and infrastructure. most other revenues are indexed by 2 % per year. Like the important questions surrounding energy, the environment and climate, they will have a significant impact on public policy. The major element of the plan is the implementation, on 1 January 2019, of the Vaud roadmap RIE III. The reduction in corporate tax rates, together with measures to in- crease household spending power, as well as one or two years without the announced AN EVOLUTION IN THE ENTIRE PUBLIC SECTOR federal compensation, will negatively impact the cantonal finances by 220–240 million francs per year until 2022. In facing these challenges, the State Council has given priority to 30 measures that affect the whole spectrum of its activities. These include : supporting innovation, in- To compensate for these effects and for the measures included in the legislative pro- creasing help to participate in the job market, developing digital teaching across the gramme (an extra 10 million francs per year) the State Council plans to stimulate the 14 whole education system, strengthening professional training, encouraging efforts to diversification of the economy, introduce new budgetary priorities and improve the effi- 15 find a work-life balance, adapting the healthcare system, drawing up a climate plan ciency of its services, aiming to raise annual revenues by 30 to 50 million francs. In total, and an integrated policy for managing natural resources, optimising mobility across the planned measures will produce a budget surplus of 160–220 million francs per year the canton, energising the agricultural sector, carrying out major building and infra- over the period 2019–2022. structure projects, reducing the prison population, and combatting radicalisation. The net debt of the canton, which fell by 8.2 billion from 2004 to 2013, has risen slightly since 2014. This upward trend will continue during this legislature. INVESTMENTS AND CONTROL OF RISING COSTS

Millions of francs 10,000 1,000 One element of the programme is the full implementation of the cantonal plan RIE Actual budgeted debt 9,000 8,649 900 Investments III in 2019, clearly mandated by the voters of Vaud. The legislative programme is ac- 8,000 800 6,968 companied by a financial plan that demonstrates the State Council’s intention to con- CPEV recapitalisation 7,000 700 payments 6,000 5,879 600

trol rising costs, a pre- condition for the self-financing of current expenses, including Other financing needs, 5,000 500 4,055 those arising from the actions in the programme. net 4,000 400 2,960 3,060 3,000 2,649 300 Interest 2,450 2,240 1,910 2,000 1,430 1,592 200 785 775 825 975 VD.CH/2017-2022 1,000 475 575 705 100 0 0 Interest 246 216 189 155 107 91 71 43 28 20 2 – 18 – 17 – 3 2 13 38 50 62 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2022 E B FP FP FROM THE FIRST MILLENNIUM THE CANTON IS CREATED HISTORY TO THE 4TH ̵ 10TH CENTURIES REVOLUTION In the 5th century BC, the region was Major Davel attempted to liberate the re- inhabited by Burgundians who lived in gion from the Bernese. On March 31 1723, peace with the Helvetians. Then came he entered Lausanne with 500–600 sol- 500 years of domination by the Kings diers and demanded its independence. A LAND AND ITS ORIGINS PRINCIPAL EVENTS BEFORE of the Francs, including 150 years in the He was arrested the next day, condemned OUR ERA Kingdom of Burgundy where it had a to death, and beheaded at on April good deal of autonomy. 24. January 24 1798, the independence of ̵45 ̵35 MILLION YEARS AGO 18,000 BC Vaud was proclaimed in Lausanne. The The enclosing of a sea followed by the The Canton was almost entirely covered 10TH ̵ 16TH CENTURIES Bernese withdrew for fear of Napoleon’s collision of two continental plates led to by glaciers. They added the final touch to At the start of the second Millennium, army that had placed Vaud under its pro- the formation of the Alps. In Vaud, they the landscape creating the lakes, shaping the comitatus waldensis (county of Vaud) tection. The “Canton du Léman” was then reach a peak of 3,209 metres at Les Dia- the mountains and leaving behind im- was ceded to the diocese of Lausanne. integrated into the short-lived Helvetic 16 17 blerets. portant accumulations of rocks known as During the 13th century, the Patria vuaudi Republic. “moraine”. became a small state with Moudon as its ̵10 ̵5 MILLION YEARS AGO capital. It was ruled by the Counts of SOVEREIGNTY The Jura was the last Alpine mass to be 13,500 BC Savoy, notably Pierre II de Savoie, “the On February 19 1803, Napoleon’s Act of formed. A late geological surge pushed After the glaciers retreated, the region little Charlemagne”, and the Archbishop Mediation created a Canton of Vaud up the limestone rocks that are its main was occupied by Paleolithic hunters. of Lausanne was excluded. within the Helvetic Confederation, on component. The Vaud section is one of Around 5500 BC, they settled on the an equal footing with other cantons, and the highest, most folded parts of the Ju- shores of the lakes. By around 2000 BC 1536 gave it a republican constitution. The rassic range. they had mastered some metallurgy and The Vaudois were on the losing side in first session of the Grand Council was begun to clear certain areas of land. the Burgundian wars (1475–1476) and in held in Lausanne on April 14, which 1536 were conquered by the Bernese, who makes this the second most important 58 BC governed for them 262 years. Following a date for patriotic Vaudois. Julius Caesar prevented the Helvetians theological dispute, the church embraced from migrating towards Gaul and im- the and Berne protected THE CONSTITUTION posed Roman rule. Avenches became the the Vaudois from the wars in Europe. The first constitution was introduced in capital of Helvetia and the whole region 1803 and went through a series of revi- prospered with new techniques of build- CHRONIQUE DU CANTON DE VAUD sions, as in the other cantons. Univer- ing in stone. was introduced and VD.CH/VAUD-2018 sal suffrage was proclaimed in 1831 and trade flourished. Vaud was the first canton to extend it to include women, in 1959. The new consti- tution dates from 2003. PROJECTS

RECRUITING VOLUNTARY OUR SCHOOLS PRIVATE CURATORS IN THE DIGITAL ERA

The campaign to recruit voluntary private The canton’s first Digital Education Day curators has been well received. In the was held in December 2017. Some 300 six months after its launch in June 2017, participants shared best practices for more than 1,300 people expressed an in- digital teaching in schools and discussed terest in performing this function. The what is at stake. 18 19 campaign contributed to the success of the reform initiated in 2015 that led to Several examples of digital teaching were the abolition of imposed curatorships presented. Some aimed to develop aware- from 1 January 2018. ness about the good and bad aspects of the internet, including the risks of putting The reform aims to give the best possible personal details on line, and the need support to those who need help by im- to question the sources of information. proving the allocation of cases between In some classes a teaching robot helped voluntary and professional curators, those learning to program. Educational thanks to the solidarity of the people of software also proved an interesting way Vaud. to help with homework or apprentice- ship tasks, as well as supporting children VD.CH/CURATELLES with special educational needs.

VD.CH/VAUD-2018 HOUSE OF THE ARCHIVES COMMIT THE ENVIRONMENT TO THE INTERNET INNOVATION In February 2018, plans were presented To meet the new, important challenges of to build The House of the Environment the digital era, in particular the demate- in the hills of Lausanne. rialisation of information and the many ways of sharing it, the cantonal archives It will feature a wooden exterior around of Vaud have decided to commit more a central unit made of adobe, or mud deeply to the internet and set new poli- A LAND OF UNLIMITED blocks – a first in the canton. cies for maintaining electronic archives. INNOVATION

In around 2020, the building will accom- At the Swiss Archives Day held in Lau- The canton of Vaud is Switzerland’s prin- This proximity enables science and modate some 160 people involved in the sanne in June 2017, the archivist com- cipal centre of research and innovation industry to collaborate on a daily basis, general management of the environment munity emphasised the importance of and a leading European hub of techno- which has facilitated major advances in who are currently spread over several on-line encyclopedias in explaining the logy. It is fully committed to supporting new technologies. sites in the Lausanne area. value of the archives. People with access innovation and the creation of start-up 20 21 to digitalised information can discover companies. In order to create a favourable environ- the existence of the archives and the ment for the birth and growth of compa- treasures they contain. It is home to the biggest university cam- nies with high added-value technologies, pus in the country and several research the canton and its partners develop spe- During the event, a presentation with centres with a worldwide reputation. cific measures to meet their needs. In 2016, Wikipedia introduced this free, collabo- They include the Federal Polytechnic of Innovaud created the VAUD Scale-Up rative encyclopedia and explained its Lausanne (EPFL), the University Hospital programme to guarantee their promo- valuable features. The archivists under- Centre of Vaud (CHUV) and the Swiss In- tion, as well as targeted support for their lined their determination to intervene stitute for Experimental Cancer Research. development and international expansion. when information is false and to enhance In addition, several internationally their entries with references to the con- recognised companies are active in the VAUD.CH tents of various archives. life sciences, micro-nano technologies, digital technologies, IT, environmental VD.CH/ARCHIVES and energy technologies. VD.CH/VAUD-2018 A NOBEL PRIZE COMES TO VAUD

A unique alliance of expertise developed The Nobel Prize for Chemistry by these companies and scientific discov- has been awarded to the Vaudois, eries made in our research centres has Jacques Dubochet, Professor at fostered some fifteen specific areas of in- the University of Lausanne, for his novation : work in cryomicroscopy, which enables scientists to directly observe ∙ Neurotech biomolecules in fine detail. Immunology ∙ This award demonstrates the canton’s Oncology ∙ appeal and influence in research and Labtech ∙ teaching. Its schools of advanced ∙ Cybersecurity studies are essential resources and 22 ∙ Drones highly valuable assets that play a key 23 Agritech role in the scientific, economic and ∙ socio-cultural life of Vaud and make Digital healthcare ∙ a major contribution to its prosperity, ∙ Digital technologies its openness and its development. ∙ Sports technology Edtech On his return from the awards ∙ ceremony in Stockholm, Professor Aeronautics ∙ Dubochet was given an official Materials and metrology ∙ reception by the State Council and ∙ Robotics presented with an automat specially ∙ Energy efficiency created for him by François Junod of Sainte-Croix.

Video of the event : VD.CH/VAUD-2018 FINANCES

CYBER ADMINISTRATION GOOD FINANCIAL HEALTH IN 2018 EXPENDITURE PERCENTAGES

Accessing all government services via After rebuilding the portal for the com- The Canton of Vaud will spend a total of Education and training 30.30

the Internet, in total security, instead munes, new, secure access will be made 9.53 billion francs on its public commit- Social security 29.06 of handling a mountain of documents : available for companies and individuals ments in 2018, an increase of 231 million Healthcare 13.26 that’s what cyber administration makes in the coming months. But before cyber over 2017. Public safety 27.67 possible. It has become essential in to- administration can be fully introduced 24 25 day’s hyper-connected society and the its legal framework must be adapted, and The 2018 budget anticipates new cost in- Finance and taxes 24.60 Canton of Vaud is not behind. this work is in progress. creases in social services (+ 134 million), General administration 24.50

education (+ 64 million) and healthcare Economic affairs 24.28 Progressively offering services on line VD.CH/VAUD-2018 (+ 24 million). These reflect the greater Traffic 23.58 is a major priority for the Information activity required to meet demographic Culture, leisure, sport, churches 21.62 Systems Management (DSI) and is at pressure and support an ageing popula- the heart of the government’s legislative tion. Environmental protection and land management 21.13 programme. Several important projects were initiated last year that should be im- Forecast revenue is almost identical to ex- plemented in 2018. First of all, the com- penditure : a total of 9.53 billion, which is pletely revised website, www.vd.ch, will 2.48 % greater than last year. This increase become operational in the Spring pro- is largely made up of non-fiscal income viding better access to the canton’s ad- such as profit from the Swiss National ministrative services. Bank (+ 62 million) and various federal subsidies (+ 40 million). Fiscal income is expected to rise by 1.4 % compared to 0.8 % in 2017. NUMBERS

SIZE CAPITAL 321,224 hectares Lausanne, 4th largest Swiss city 4th largest Swiss canton 7.8% of national territory COMMUNES 309 on 1 January 2017, SURFACE AREA 12 with more than 10,000 inhabitants HABITAT AND INFRASTRUCTURE 10.0% AGRICULTURE 41.6% TOTAL POPULATION 26 27 WOODS 32.3% 794,384 inhabitants on 31 December 2017 LAKES 12.1% Growth in 2017: 1.0% NON-PRODUCTIVE AREA 16.1% FOREIGN POPULATION 33.6% FRONTIERS 750 km, EMPLOYMENT FULL-TIME (146 with ) EQUIVALENTS (2017) 349,719 jobs DISTRICTS PRIMARY SECTOR 9,253 (2.6%) PRIMARY SECTOR 67,838 (19.4%) 1 Jura-Nord vaudois 11 MOST POPULATED COMMUNE TERTIARY SECTOR 272,628 (78.0%) 2 Broye-Vully Lausanne, 139,624 inhabitants 3 Gros-de-Vaud 12 LEAST POPULATED COMMUNE WWW.STAT.VD.CH 4 , 60 inhabitants 5 Morges 13 HIGHEST POINT sources: 6 Ouest lausannois Diablerets, 3,120 metres Swiss Federal Office of Statistics (OFS), 7 Lausanne 14 LOWEST POINT Swiss Surface Statistics, 2016 data. OFS, Company structure statistics. 8 Lavaux-Oron Lac Léman, 372 metres Statistics Vaud, annual population data. 9 Riviera-Pays-d’Enhaut 15 SMALLEST COMMUNE 10 Aigle Rivaz, 31 hectares 16 BIGGEST COMMUNE Château-d’Œx, 11,372 hectares Brochure “The Canton of Vaud” 1 April 2018 Text : Office of Information and Communications (BIC) Translation : Baxter Lindsay Art Direction : F. Amitrano, BIC Printed on Lessebo 1.3 rough white FSC paper