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AS/400 Disk Storage Topics and Tools

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AS/400 Disk Storage Topics and Tools AS/400 Disk Storage Topics and Tools Susan Powers, Bill Bradshaw, Pat Lozano, Olga T. Saldivar, Satid Singkorapoom International Technical Support Organization www.redbooks.ibm.com SG24-5693-00 International Technical Support Organization SG24-5693-00 AS/400 Disk Storage Topics and Tools April 2000 Take Note! Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information in Appendix F, “Special notices” on page 219. First Edition (April 2000) This edition applies to Version 4 Release 4 of OS/400, AS/400 Operating System, Program Number 5769-SS1. Comments may be addressed to: IBM Corporation, International Technical Support Organization Dept. JLU Building 107-2 3605 Highway 52N Rochester, Minnesota 55901-7829 When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a non-exclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2000. All rights reserved. Note to U.S Government Users - Documentation related to restricted rights - Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures ......................................................vii Tables .......................................................xi Preface ..................................................... xiii The team that wrote this redbook ......................................xiii Commentswelcome................................................ xv Part 1. Storage architectures and components of AS/400 DASD ...........................1 Chapter 1. System architecture ...................................3 1.1 Components of the AS/400 system . .............................3 1.2LicensedInternalCode(LIC)...................................5 1.2.1 Technology Independent Machine Interface . ..................6 1.2.2 PLIC on AS/400e series systems (V4R4) ......................7 1.2.3VerticalLicensedInternalCode(VLIC)........................9 1.2.4HorizontalLicensedInternalCode(HLIC)......................9 1.3 AS/400 addressing . .......................................10 1.3.1Physicallocation........................................10 1.3.2 Logical addressing ......................................11 1.3.3 Direct select address (DSA) and unit address . .................11 1.4Summary.................................................17 Chapter 2. Storage architecture ..................................19 2.1Directaccessstoragedevice(DASD)............................19 2.2Cache....................................................19 2.2.1Expertcache...........................................19 2.2.2 Extended Adaptive Cache (EAC)............................20 2.3 Logical partitioning on the AS/400 system. ......................22 2.4 Data storage and management on the AS/400 system ...............23 2.4.1 Data management.......................................23 2.4.2 Database management . .................................23 2.5IntegratedFileSystem.......................................24 2.6DigitalVersatileDisk(DVD)ontheAS/400system..................24 2.6.1 How DVD applies to the AS/400 system ......................24 2.7StorageAreaNetwork(SAN)..................................25 2.8IBMVersatileStorageServer(VSS).............................25 2.9IBMEnterpriseStorageServer(ESS)............................26 2.10 AS/400 DASD availability options . ............................26 2.10.1Mirroredprotection.....................................27 2.10.2Systemlevelchecksumprotection..........................29 2.10.3DeviceParityProtection(RAID-5)..........................31 2.10.4 Integrated Hardware Disk Compression (IHDC) ...............34 2.10.5 Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) on the AS/400 system . .37 2.10.6 Auxiliary storage pools (ASP) . ............................39 2.10.7Otherprotectionandperformancetopicsofinterest............44 2.11 Considerations for ASP management ...........................49 2.11.1OS/400commandusageorBRMS/400......................49 2.12Summary................................................51 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2000 iii Chapter 3. Storage options ..................................... 53 3.1DigitalVersatileDisk(DVD)................................... 53 3.2CD-ROM.................................................53 3.3Opticalstoragedevice....................................... 54 3.4 Removable storage (tape) ....................................56 3.5Summary................................................. 56 Chapter 4. Extended Adaptive Cache (EAC) ....................... 57 4.1 Extended Adaptive Cache benefits ............................. 57 4.2 Extended Adaptive Cache Simulator . ......................... 60 4.3ReadCacheDevice.........................................62 4.4The1.6GBReadCacheDevice............................... 63 4.4.1AsampleperformanceeffectoftheReadCacheDevice......... 64 Part 2. Tools and tips for AS/400 DASD storage management ...........................71 Chapter 5. Extending the Integrated File System with UDFS ..........73 5.1 Creating and mounting a UDFS . .............................. 73 5.2UDFSconsiderations........................................ 78 Chapter 6. Using the QFILESVR.400 file system .................... 81 6.1ConfiguringQFILESVR.400inaTCP/IPenvironment............... 82 6.2Copyingobjectsbetweensystems..............................82 6.2.1Sharingdirect-attachedopticallibrary....................... 84 6.3QFILESVR.400considerations................................ 84 Chapter 7. OS/400 disk storage management tools ................. 87 7.1 Identifying disk storage consumption of AS/400 objects..............87 7.1.1Diskinformationtool.................................... 89 7.1.2 Creating a customized disk information report . .............. 98 7.2Thediskbalancetool........................................ 99 7.2.1Diskbalancetype..................................... 100 7.2.2 Recommendation for using balance commands . ............. 105 7.2.3TRCASPBALcommand................................. 105 7.2.4 STRASPBAL and ENDASPBAL commands .................. 107 7.2.5IntegratedFileSystemandHSMBalance................... 108 7.2.6DSKBALcommand.................................... 109 7.3 Management Central disk resource utilization monitor . ............. 111 7.4 Disk reorganization tool . ................................... 117 7.4.1UsingtheSTRDSKRGZcommand......................... 118 7.5 Automating disk management commands ....................... 119 7.6 Web sites on the Internet for system management . ............. 120 Chapter 8. Runaway DASD .................................... 121 8.1Diskandgrowthterminology................................. 121 8.2Storageconcepts.......................................... 122 8.3DetectingDASDconsumptionproblems........................ 123 8.3.1 An auxiliary storage threshold has been reached. ............. 124 8.3.2 A rapid increase in disk storage has been observed ........... 126 8.3.3Whattodonext....................................... 129 8.3.4Yoursystemisslowingdown............................. 130 8.3.5 Your system has stopped. ............................. 132 8.4AnalyzingDASDconsumptionproblems........................ 142 8.4.1Usingdiskinformationtools.............................. 142 iv AS/400 Disk Storage Topics and Tools 8.4.2Usingperformancetools.................................145 8.4.3UsingAPIs...........................................149 8.4.4UsingthePerformanceExplorer(PEX)......................157 8.4.5 Using Enhanced PEX Trace . ...........................159 8.5Summary................................................169 Appendix A. Architecture ........................................171 A.1AS/400busesandinterfaces....................................171 A.1.1Privateandmainstoragebuses..............................172 A.1.2I/Obus(systemI/Obuses)..................................172 A.1.3I/Obus(IOP/IOAtodevicebuses)............................173 A.2SPDandPCIarchitecture.......................................173 A.2.1DeviceFunctionControllerInterface(DFCI)bus.................174 A.2.2SmallComputerSystemInterface(SCSI)bus...................174 A.2.3Thesystempowercontrolnetwork(SPCN)bus..................176 A.3SPCNinterfaces..............................................178 A.4AS/400IOPandIOA...........................................179 A.4.1Hierarchyofmicroprocessors................................179 A.4.2 Input output processor (IOP) and input output adapter (IOA) . .......179 A.5 DASD I/O cables within the AS/400 system .........................184 A.6AS/400devicecontrollers.......................................185 A.6.1Controllerfunctions........................................185 A.7DASDterminology.............................................186 A.7.1Read/WriteI/Oprocess.....................................190 Appendix B. Storage management terms used in SLIC...............193 Appendix C. Non-removable storage (DASD) .......................195 C.1DASDavailablefortheAS/400system.............................195 C.1.1280X...................................................195 C.1.29337DASD..............................................195 C.1.3EnterpriseStorageServer..................................197 C.1.4VersatileStorageServer....................................197 C.2InternalDASD:SPCNversusNon-SPCN...........................198 C.3ExpansionTowers.............................................199 C.3.1 #508x Storage Expansion Tower . ..........................199
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