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Using Mini-Doses of Glucagon

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Using Mini-Doses of Glucagon Page 1 of 2 Using Mini-Doses of Glucagon What is glucagon? How should I give a mini-dose of glucagon? Glucagon is a hormone made by the body. Its role Prepare the glucagon as you would in an emergency: is to raise low blood glucose. But in people with Mix all of the liquid with the powder. Then, use an diabetes, the body cannot make enough glucagon insulin syringe (30 units) to draw up the correct when blood glucose is low. When glucose level amount of glucagon. The amount will be based on drops, a glucagon shot can help bring it back to your child’s age. (See chart below.) target level. Glucagon Glucagon You should use a full dose of glucagon in an Age Age Dose Dose emergency, when a person is unconscious or cannot eat carbohydrates (foods that contain sugar). But Less than 2 units 9 years 9 units there are times when a smaller dose of glucagon will 2 years help as well. 3 years 3 units 10 years 10 units Why would I need a mini-dose of glucagon? 4 years 4 units 11 years 11 units Sometimes people have trouble raising their blood 5 years 5 units 12 years 12 units glucose, even when they are alert and able to eat or drink. This may occur during times of heavy exercise 6 years 6 units 13 years 13 units or when sick with the stomach flu. 7 years 7 units 14 years 14 units The first step is always to eat or drink a fast-acting 15 years carbohydrate (such as orange juice). If you have an 8 years 8 units 15 units insulin pump, you may also turn the basal rate down or older or off for a short time. If blood glucose remains low, a mini-dose of glucagon should help. After you give the shot, blood glucose should rise by 60 to 90 points. This rise should last for about an For example, an 8-year-old child with diabetes has hour. a stomach virus. Her blood glucose has been 60 to 80 all morning. She has nausea (feels sick to her stomach) and vomiting—she cannot keep fluids or foods down. In this case, a mini-dose of glucagon will help raise the child’s blood glucose, and it will not cause more nausea or vomiting. For informational purposes only. Not to replace the advice of your health care provider. Copyright © 2010 Fairview Health Services. All rights reserved. Clinically reviewed by Terra Clausen, RN. SMARTworks 521147 – Rev 09/19. Page 2 of 2 If blood glucose remains low (less than 80) after How long can I keep using the mixed glucagon? 20 minutes, double the dose and give another shot. (For example, if your child is eight years old, give You may use it for 24 hours. After that, throw it away. 16 units.) Remember, if a person with diabetes is unconscious or After that, you may keep giving shots with a double does not respond to you, give a full dose of glucagon: dose every 1 to 2 hours as needed. • For kids less than 44 pounds (20 kg): Remember, you will still need your background 50 units (0.5 ml) (basal) insulin to prevent ketones. If you have • For kids or adults 44 pounds (20 kg) or more: questions about how much insulin to take, call your 100 units (1 ml) diabetes care team. For more about glucagon, low blood glucose or sick-day management, call your diabetes care team. References 1. Hartley M, Thomsett MJ, Cotterill AM. Mini-dose glucagon rescue for mild hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes: the Brisbane experience. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 2006;42:108-11. 2. Haymond MW, Schreiner BS. Mini-dose glucagon rescue for hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2001;24(4):643-5..
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