Program Overview

Environmental Ed u c a t i o n C o m m u n i t y Sust ainable Based Coast al Livelihood R e so u r c e Development M a n a g e m e n t

M A N GR OVE CONSERVATION

Habitat P o l i c y Restoration Intervention

C o a st a l C o m m u n i t y Resource Cent er Development  Program Locations

  

Program Highlights Set a precedent in Indonesia for establishing community co-man- agement rights in a wildlife sanctuary with the signing of an MoU be- tween fisherfolk cooperative IPANJAR and the National Natural Re- source Conservation Agency in 500 hectares of the 9000 hectare SE Langkat Wildlife Sanctuary - North Sumatera. Bruguiera Publication of illustrated 5 steps to Successful Mangrove Rehabilita- gymnorrhiza tion manual in English and Bahasa Indonesia. Already translated in Tamil, and Sinhala. Conservation and Restoration of 578 hectares of mangrove forest in Sumatera valued at between $ 2,890,000 - $ 7.514,000 annually. Registration of three new non-timber forest products from mangroves with Health Department. Production and sales by local fisherfolk co- operatives. Student jamboree of school group participants in MAP environmental Bruguiera education camping program leads to formation of Segara Anakan paviflora Students for Environmental Protection group.  Indonesia

Hydrological Mangrove Rehabilitation MAP began working in this region in 2002, creating a mangrove atlas with part- ners Yayasan Laksana Samudera which first proposed community based mangrove management areas in the Jangkang and Kembung rivers. In 2003 the regency government granted 10 community groups with stewardship areas ranging in size from 11 - 45 hectares (totalling 245 hectares) as part of the Co-Fish project. In 2006 MAP completed mangrove rehabilitation projects with three community groups, to- talling an area of around 80 hectares.

An example of the work took place in the 36.5 hectare Belukap Group stewardship area. Natural hydrology was restored in the area as four tidal creeks reconnected to their inland freshwater sources and raised mounds of Acrostichum aureum. Ten of the 36.5 hectares were planted while the remaining two thirds of the area was Ceriops left unplanted in order to compare growth rates between reforested seedlings and tagal natural re vegetation. Future monitoring of the restoration is being carried out by MAP-Indonesia, Yayasan Laksana Samudera, University of Riau and the local com- munity. An illustrated manual delineating the process of hydrological mangrove rehabilitation was produced as part of the project and is available in English and Bahasa Indonesia. In 2006 MAP-Indonesia also held a training for local mangrove stewards in production and marketing of virgin coconut oil. A cost/benefit analysis of this livelihood venture is being prepared.

Kembung River Mangrove Stewardship Areas Crinum pedunculatum

Cynometra iripa

Legend road river coast area 3 area 4 area 5 area 6 area 7 area 8 area 9 area 10 mangrove Tidal Creek Restoration Planted area after hydrological restoration North   Indonesia Sumatera

12 species of mangroves totalling 20,000 seedlings were planted in 2006

Co-management in SE Langkat Wildlife Sanctuary Excoecaria agallocha 2006 proved to be a landmark year in North sumatera as MAP and local communi- ties set a legal precedent in Indonesia. The 9000 hectare SE Langkat Wildlife Sanctu- ary is part of a larger mangrove ecosystem about 2 hours NW of Medan, the capital of North Sumatera. Over the past two decades, this wildlife sanctuary has been decimated by illegal logging for the charcoal industry. Although legally protected, the local office of the Federal Bureau of Natural Resource Conservation (BKSDA - I) supported only three officers for enforcement.

The village of Jaring Halus lies on the edge of this wildlife sanctuary, with traditional claims to the mangrove forest within sanctuary borders. Jaring Halus villagers have stewarded a 33 hectare mangrove forest adjacent to their village for decades, which is now one of the few remaining examples of an old-growth mangrove forests Heritiera in the province. In May of 2006, MAP-Indonesia with technical support from USAID littoralis - Environmental Service Project, worked out a 10 year written agreement with BKSDA - I granting the villagers of Jaring Halus co-management rights in 500 hectares of the wildlife sanctuary, setting a precedent for Indonesia.

In order to facilitate community enforcement, ten silvofishery weirs have been built in the mouths of ten tidal creeks in the co-management area. A program promoting the development of non-timber forest products from mangroves has resulted in the production and retail sales of three products, all registered with the Health Depart- ment. Hydrological mangrove rehabilitation took place in a three hectare disused shrimp pond in addition to direct planting in 25 hectares of the co-management area. All told 503 hectares of mangroves have been preserved and rehabilitated through this project valued at between $2.5 - 6.5 million per year in local benefits.

Hibiscus tiliaceus

SEROJA Cooperative shows of their Non Timber Forest Products

Signing of the collaborative management agreement in 500 hectares of SE Langkat Wildlife Sanctuary North  Indonesia

Environmental Education and Livelihoods

In 2002, MAP together with local partners KELOLA began construction of the first Lumnitzera littorea Coastal Community Resource Center, in Tiwoho Village, Bunaken National Park. 2006 saw 5000 visitors to the center, engaged in various environmental programs. Many come to visit a 25 hectare mangrove rehabilitation area adjacent to the center. In 2006 alone some 300 undergraduate students and 60 graduate students from the University of Sam Ratulangi have participated in research in the mangrove rehabilita- tion under the tutelage of PhD. Rignolda Djamaluddin of KELOLA.

Two full time MAP staff and a VIA volunteer currently run education and livelihood pro- grams out of the center. In terms of livelihoods, commercial production of improved cookstoves is in its third year, while research and development on other biomass fuel related appropriate technologies runs apace such as development of biofuel and Nypa fruticans fish smokehouses. Women’s youth groups are engaged in several small businesses including production of mangrove herbal tea, banana crisps and virgin coconut oil.

2006 also saw the start of an integrated Environmental Education program.20 local junior high schools will participate in overnight programs such as tidepool exploration, snorkeling, seagrass safari, mangrove investigation and upper watershed trek. The students may participate in art projects, use the center’s pottery wheel to create a small cookstove or souvenir or learn to cook (and eat) mangrove fruits.

Osbornia octodonta Central

Indonesia

Jelajah NUSA Environmental Education Program

The CCRC in the Segara Anakan Lagoon is home to MAP’s most popular environ- mental education program, Jelajah NUSA. This program builds on MAP curricu- Rhizophora apiculata lum developed in Indonesia and the Cayman Islands, engaging junior high school students in watershed explorations and early development of livelihood skills. The Segara Anakan lagoon has lost 2/3 of its water over the last 20 years due to sedi- mentation from mainland Java. MAP-Indonesia is helping local communities ad- just to this drastic ecological change by both developing alternative livelihoods and developing appreciation for remaining natural resources.

2006 saw the development of several non-timber forest products from mangrove and upper watershed including mangrove herbal tea and honey (pictured above). Students who participated in the first 6 programs of 2006 held a jamboree in August, resulting in the formation of a student organization for environmental protection.

Rhizophora stylosa

Sonneratia ovatum