Philosophic Sagacity and Intercultural Philosophy Mosima, Pius
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Gulino 1 Pleasure and the Stoic Sage a Thesis Presented to the Honors
Gulino 1 Pleasure and the Stoic Sage A Thesis Presented to The Honors Tutorial College of Ohio University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation from the Honors Tutorial College with the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy By Kathleen R. Gulino June 2011 Gulino 2 Table of Contents Sources and Abbreviations 2 Introduction 3 Chapter 1: Οἰκείωζις 9 Chapter 2: Χαρά 25 Conclusions 42 References 50 Gulino 3 Sources and Abbreviations Throughout this work, I cite several traditional sources for Stoic and Hellenistic texts. Here I have provided a list of the abbreviations I will use to refer to those texts. The References page lists the specific editions from which I have cited. Fin. Cicero, De Finibus (On Moral Ends) NA Gellius, Noctes Atticae (Attic Nights) Div. Inst. Lactantius, Divine Institutes DL Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Eminent Philosophers LS A.A. Long and D.N. Sedley, The Hellenistic Philosophers Ep. Seneca, Epistulae (Letters) Gulino 4 Introduction. The Hellenistic period refers, generally speaking, to the years beginning with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE and ending with the downfall of the Roman Republic, considered as Octavian‘s victory at the battle of Actium, in 31 BCE. Philosophy was a Greek activity throughout this period, and at the outset, the works of Plato and Aristotle were the main texts used in philosophical study. However, as the Hellenistic culture came into its own, philosophy came to be dominated by three schools unique to the period: Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Skepticism. All of these, having come about after Aristotle, are distinctively Hellenistic, and it was these schools that held primary influence over thought in the Hellenistic world, at least until the revival of Platonism during the first century.1 Today, in the English-speaking world, the names of these traditions are still familiar, remaining in popular usage as ordinary adjectives. -
Philosophic Sagacity in Africa
*T'/ 11 > »r\ ri'M IMVDJS k I I L i!. .LOS KATHANGA N., M.A., 1992 M PHILOSOPHIC SAGACITY IN AFRICA BY NGUNGI KATHANGA B . A. (HONS) UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 1988 THESIS: Submitted in Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Philosophy of the University of Nairobi, 1992. THIS THESIS FI*! THE DEGREE OP \NU A COPY 'TAY BE PLACED IN ON IV E KBIT Y 1.1BUABY. '* FOR USE IN THE LIBR ARY ONLY UN1VEBS.TYOFNA»BOBmBRABV DECLARATION This Thesis is my original work and has not been presented in any other University NGUNGI KATHANGA This Thesis has been submitted for < nination with our approval as University Supervisors Prof. Dr. H. Odera Oruka Department of Philosophy University of Nairobi. f F . Ochieng-Odhiambo Department of Philosophy University of Nairobi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Dedication -------------------------- i Acknowledgements -------------------- ii Summary ------------------ iii Introduction ------------------------ 1 CHAPTER 1 : Literature Review and Methodology 5 CHAPTER 2 : Denial of Reason to Africa 21 CHAPTER 3 : The Existence of African 37 Philosophy (The Ethno-Philosophers) CHAPTER 4 : The Professional Philosophy 55 "A Critical African Philosphy" CHAPTER 5 : Philosophic Sagacity 74 CHAPTER 6 : Conclusion 92 APPENDIX : Feild Work Findings 108 BIBLIOGRAPHY: .............................. 167 i TO ALL THOSE CONCERNED WITH PHILOSOPHIC SAGACITY IN AFRICA \ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My thanks and appreciation go to Philosophy Lecturers at the University of Nairobi. These are: Prof. H. 0. Oruka, Prof. J. Nyasani, Dr. D .A. Masolo and indeed Mr. F. Ochieng-Odhiambo, Dr. Nabakwe, Father Burke and Dr. S. Monyenye for introducing me to various disciplines within philosophy. -
The Pythagoreans in the Light and Shadows of Recent Research
The Pythagoreans in the light and shadows of recent research PAPER PRESENTED AT THE DONNERIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MYSTICISM, SEPTEMBER 7th 1968 By HOLGER THESLEFF It has been said' that "Pythagoras casts a long shadow in the history of Greek thought". Indeed, the shadow both widens and deepens spectacularly in course of time. He has not only been considered—on disputable grounds, as we shall see as the first European mystic. No other personality of the Greco–Roman world (except Christ, and perhaps Alexander the Great) has been credited with such powers and all-round capacities. Since early Impe- rial times he has been represented as a man of divine origin, a saint, a sage, a prophet, and a great magician; a sportsman and an ascetic; a poet and prose- writer; a Dorian nationalist (though an Ionian by birth); an eminent mathe- matician, musician, astronomer, logician, rhetorician, and physician; a world-wide traveller; a founder of a religious sect, an ethical brotherhood, and a political community; a great metaphysician and teacher whose views of the universe, human society and the human soul deeply influenced not only Plato and Aristotle, but Herakleitos, Parmenides, Demokritos and, in short, all prominent thinkers; a preacher of universal tolerance, and—a good hus- band and father. There can be seen occasional signs of a revival of Pythagoreanism at least from the ist century A. D. onwards,2 and some authors of the Imperial age 1 Philip (below), p. 3. 2 If Pseudo-Pythagorica are left out of account, the activity of the Sextii in Rome during the reign of Augustus is the first manifest sign. -
Neoplatonism: the Last Ten Years
The International Journal The International Journal of the of the Platonic Tradition 9 (2015) 205-220 Platonic Tradition brill.com/jpt Critical Notice ∵ Neoplatonism: The Last Ten Years The past decade or so has been an exciting time for scholarship on Neo platonism. I ought to know, because during my stint as the author of the “Book Notes” on Neoplatonism for the journal Phronesis, I read most of what was published in the field during this time. Having just handed the Book Notes over to George BoysStones, I thought it might be worthwhile to set down my overall impressions of the state of research into Neoplatonism. I cannot claim to have read all the books published on this topic in the last ten years, and I am here going to talk about certain themes and developments in the field rather than trying to list everything that has appeared. So if you are an admirer, or indeed author, of a book that goes unmentioned, please do not be affronted by this silence—it does not necessarily imply a negative judgment on my part. I hope that the survey will nonetheless be wideranging and comprehensive enough to be useful. I’ll start with an observation made by Richard Goulet,1 which I have been repeating to students ever since I read it. Goulet conducted a statistical analy sis of the philosophical literature preserved in the original Greek, and discov ered that almost threequarters of it (71%) was written by Neoplatonists and commentators on Aristotle. In a sense this should come as no surprise. -
Virtue and Happiness: a Philosophical Inquiry
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Wits Institutional Repository on DSPACE VIRTUE AND HAPPINESS: A PHILOSOPHICAL INQUIRY Muhammad Assadallah Schuitema 320900 A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Applied Ethics for Professionals University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 16th March 2015 1 Abstract The position that holds that virtue, as a good, is sufficient for happiness has had illustrious exponents in the past. We will refer to this position as the sufficiency thesis. In recent times however this position has fallen into disfavour. This is largely due to the strong intuition that certain goods other than virtue are necessary for happiness. We will refer to this as the problem of external goods. The point of this paper is to respond to the problem of external goods by articulating an understanding of virtue as involving the ability to occupy a “distanced perspective” within which the virtuous agent becomes detached from external goods insofar as he comes to view them as indifferent. My articulation of this understanding of virtue will be based upon what I take to be the core of the Stoic description of virtue. 2 Declaration I declare that this research report is my own unaided work. It is submitted for the degree of Master of Arts in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any other degree or examination in any other university. -
A Comparison Between Ancient Greek and Chinese Philosophy on Politics Qihan Long1, A
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 215 3rd International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2018) A Comparison between Ancient Greek and Chinese Philosophy on Politics Qihan Long1, a 1 BA History, Royal Holloway University of London, Surrey, TW20 0EX, England aemail Keywords: Ancient Greek philosophy, Chinese philosophy, Politics Abstract. Although being two opposite ends of the Eurasian continent, the Greek and Chinese philosophers in the period of 600 BC to 300 BC came with some similar cures for the government. Both Greek and Chinese philosophers emphasized the importance of harmony, virtue and music in politics. Furthermore, in regard to the differences between ancient Greek and ancient Chinese philosophies on politics, it is interesting to note that Aristotle described democracy as the most tolerable one of three perverted form of government. Despite the fact that ancient China never truly formed an aristocracy nor a constitutional political entity, the ideas of Western and Eastern philosophers resonated with each other and formed the brightest light in the human history. 1. Introduction From 600 BC to 300 BC, it was a golden age for philosophy. Ideas and thoughts were formed in different areas in the world. During this period, great philosophers appeared from Greece in the west to China in the east. In the west, the most prominent philosophers were Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, while in the east, the great philosophers, such as Lao Zi, Confucius and Han Fei accomplished their works in China. Most of the philosophers in that period addressed the ideal form of government and how to rule a state. -
Rethinking the Concept of Race's Conundrums in African Philosophy
SCHOOL OF RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY AND CLASSICS Rethinking the Concept of Race’s Conundrums in African Philosophy Ovett Kodilinye Nwosimiri Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Philosophy, in the School of Religion, Philosophy and Classics. College of Humanities, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus December 2015 Acknowledgements I wish to thank my supervisor Dr Bernard Matolino, under whose supervision this thesis has been completed. Thanks for your professional guidance and constructive suggestions, during the course of this research work. Thanks for carrying me through to the end. I owe my deepest gratitude to my late father, Mr. Felix Nwosimiri, and my mother, Mrs. Mary Nwosimiri, and my brothers and sisters, Mr. Boniface (Big Bro), Mrs. Agatha, Juliet, Mrs. Leontina, Linda, Romeo, Jennifer, and Victor (late), to whom I dedicate this work, for their prayers, support and encouragement. To my nephews and nieces: Emmanuela, Agatha, Johnpaul, Margaret, Emmanuel, Harmony, Emmanuel, Helen, and Elsa, you are my angels and I love you all. Special thanks to Dr Heidi Matisonn, Dr Jacek Brzozowski and Mutshidzi Maraganedzha for sharing with me the invaluable wealth of your learning. Special thanks to my friends, Nondalelo Majola, Regis Wilson, Benjamin Maiangwa, Dr Anthony Oyowe, Emmanuel Matambo, Anthony Odili, Gabriel Darong, Anthony Dim, et al, for their support and encouragement during the year. i Declaration - Plagiarism I ……………………………………….………………………., declare that 1. The research reported in this thesis, except where otherwise indicated, is my original research. 2. This thesis has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. -
Reevaluating the Interaction Between Ancient Israel and Greece Mike Tolliver University of Missouri-St
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Theses Graduate Works 3-7-2014 The aS ges and Philosophers: Reevaluating the Interaction Between Ancient Israel and Greece Mike Tolliver University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Tolliver, Mike, "The aS ges and Philosophers: Reevaluating the Interaction Between Ancient Israel and Greece" (2014). Theses. 257. http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis/257 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Sages and Philosophers: Reevaluating the Interaction Between Ancient Israel and Greece Michael M. Tolliver Th.M., Covenant Theological Seminary, 2013 M.Div., Covenant Theological Seminary, 2010 B.S., Business Administration, Truman State University, 2005 A Thesis Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri – St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Philosophy August 2014 Advisory Committee Jon D. McGinnis, Ph.D. Chairperson David Griesedieck, Ph.D. C. John Collins, Ph.D. Copyright, Michael M. Tolliver, 2014 Abstract: The previously assumed late development of the Jewish sacred writings led many to conclude that the Hellenistic world greatly influenced both the content and worldview of the Hebrew authors. Though the evidence for the historical reconstruction that required the Jewish texts to develop late has been called into question, scholars have yet to reconsider the implications this has for the antiquity of the ideas contained within the Jewish writings and their influence on surrounding cultures. -
Understanding of African Philosophy Through Philosophy for Children (P4C)
E-ISSN 2039-2117 Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 4 No 14 ISSN 2039-9340 MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy November 2013 Understanding of African Philosophy Through Philosophy for Children (P4C) Matsephe M. Letseka College of Education, University of South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n14p745 Abstract The trend among philosophy of education student teachers at the University of South Africa (UNISA) is a poor grasp of the underlying assumptions and principles of African philosophy, or what British social historian E. P.Thompson (1995) called ‘the poverty of theory’. In this paper I attempt to centre the study of African philosophy in the teacher education curriculum at UNISA. The paper explores the potential for interfaces between critical thinking, philosophy for children (P4C) and African philosophy, in particular the worldview of ubuntu and communalism. The paper grows out of my concern as teacher educator about South African student teachers’ poor immersion in the African philosophical frameworks that ought to inform their practice. Since the transition from apartheid to democracy in 1994 South Africa’s Department of Education has placed a heavy premium on the promotion of African values such as ubuntu (human dignity) and communalism in its policies. That said studies in education show that these imperatives only remain at policy level and scholarly discussions, and are not reflected in the actual practice of teaching and learning. This paper explores ways in which philosophy of education students can be supported to develop a grasp of African philosophy, with emphasis on ubuntu and communalism. Second, my assumption is that P4C has the potential to induct school children in the appreciation and enjoyment of philosophical debates and engagement, which is the cornerstone of university teaching and learning. -
The Concept of the “Polylogue” and the Question of “Intercultural” Identity
Intercultural Communication Studies XIX: 3 2010 Chen The Concept of the “Polylogue” and the Question of “Intercultural” Identity Hsueh-i Chen, National Taiwan Normal University In this study, two different ideas will be analyzed, the concept of the polylogue, which was developed by Franz Martin Wimmer, and the assumption of an intercultural identity. The complementary relationship between the two ideas will be expounded. In a polylogue, individuals are confronted with several dialogue partners from different cultures simultaneously; the term is used to emphasize that many perspectives need to be considered, rather than just two, as the word dialogue seems to imply. Due to its different approach, the idea of the polylogue will profoundly affect the structure of intercultural communication. This study also takes the multicultural nature of actual reality into account, presupposes the human ability to accept different cultures, and attempts to explore the relations between interculturally capable individuals and multicultural society. Under the assistance of a conception of an intercultural identity, finding one’s identity not only involves one’s own pre-existing tradition but also includes influences from other cultures as well. Employing the concept of the polylogue and relying on the human capacity for multicultural acceptance, individuals should be able to construct their own personal intercultural identities and communicate with others interculturally. The concept and term polylogue stems from Franz Martin Wimmer (Wimmer, 2004), a contemporary Austrian philosopher who employs the concept in order to surmount the so- called Eurocentrism in philosophical thinking. Not only does he criticize the standard, narrow-minded way of philosophizing, in using the term polylogue, he also intends to reject every possible form of cultural centrism, such as Sinocentrism and Americacentrism. -
APA Newsletters
APA Newsletters Volume 01, Number 2 Spring 2002 NEWSLETTER ON HISPANIC/LATINO ISSUES IN PHILOSOPHY FROM THE EDITOR, EDUARDO MENDIETA ARTICLES BENIGNO TRIGO “Latinamerican Genealogies: Appropriating Foucault” EDWARD DEMONCHONOK “Globalization, Postcoloniality, and Interculturality” INTERVIEWS LINDA MARTIN ALCOFF “Introduction: ‘Puerto Rican Studies in a German Philosophy Context: An Interview with Juan Flores’” LINDA MARTIN ALCOFF “Introduction: ‘A Philosophical Account of Africana Studies: An Interview with Lewis Gordon’” © 2002 by The American Philosophical Association ISSN: 1067-9464 APA NEWSLETTER ON Hispanic/Latino Issues in Philosophy Eduardo Mendieta, Editor Spring 2002 Volume 01, Number 2 States. He is known for his work on Frantz Fanon, race theory, phenomenology and Africana philosophy. His work is FROM THE EDITOR particularly significant because he has been bridging the divide between Latino Studies, Latin American philosophy, and Afro-Caribbean and Afro-American thought. These two Eduardo Mendieta “Afro-Latino” philosophers epitomize the cosmopolitanism and originality of an emergent paradigm in cultural studies In this issue of the newsletter we have been able include a and philosophy. version of the introduction to the recently published book The committee welcomes as a new chair Susana Foucault and Latin America, edited by Benigno Trigo. This Nuccetelli who has been appointed by the APA directors to wonderful collection gathers canonical texts from Latin take over Pablo DeGreiff, who resigned late last semester from American literary criticism and more recent contributions that the chairship. We are thankful to Prof. Nuccetelli for taking exhibit a creative appropriation of Foucault for the study of over this important job. We also congratulate her for the recent Latin America. -
Women in Early Pythagoreanism
Women in Early Pythagoreanism Caterina Pellò Faculty of Classics University of Cambridge Clare Hall February 2018 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Alla nonna Ninni, che mi ha insegnato a leggere e scrivere Abstract Women in Early Pythagoreanism Caterina Pellò The sixth-century-BCE Pythagorean communities included both male and female members. This thesis focuses on the Pythagorean women and aims to explore what reasons lie behind the prominence of women in Pythagoreanism and what roles women played in early Pythagorean societies and thought. In the first chapter, I analyse the social conditions of women in Southern Italy, where the first Pythagorean communities were founded. In the second chapter, I compare Pythagorean societies with ancient Greek political clubs and religious sects. Compared to mainland Greece, South Italian women enjoyed higher legal and socio-political status. Similarly, religious groups included female initiates, assigning them authoritative roles. Consequently, the fact that the Pythagoreans founded their communities in Croton and further afield, and that in some respects these communities resembled ancient sects helps to explain why they opened their doors to the female gender to begin with. The third chapter discusses Pythagoras’ teachings to and about women. Pythagorean doctrines did not exclusively affect the followers’ way of thinking and public activities, but also their private way of living. Thus, they also regulated key aspects of the female everyday life, such as marriage and motherhood. I argue that the Pythagorean women entered the communities as wives, mothers and daughters. Nonetheless, some of them were able to gain authority over their fellow Pythagoreans and engage in intellectual activities, thus overcoming the female traditional domestic roles.