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Influences on the Settlement Strategy December 2014The Isle of Sheppey

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Influences on the Settlement Strategy December 2014The Isle of Sheppey Sheerness Jobs Jobs Halfway Minster-on-Sea Eastchurcha JobsJobs A2500A2Technical500 Paper No.4 ueenboroughueuueeeeeenennbborbobboroughorouoroorrooououghugugghh Influences on the Settlement Strategy December 2014The Isle of Sheppey Jobs Iwade T h e S w a l e Conyer Jobs Jobs Teynham Oare Bapchild en Sittingbourne Jobs Lewson Fav Street Jobs Rodmersham Lynsted J Green Jobs Ospringe Kent Science Park Painter’s Forstal Newnham Doddington Eastling She Lee Technical Paper 4: Influences on the Settlement Strategy Introduction This technical paper is one of a series, prepared by the Council, to support preparation of its Local Development Framework (LDF). The technical papers in the series currently comprise: 1. Defining the Coastal Change Management Area 2. Local Green Spaces 3. A Review of Built Up Area Boundaries 4. Influences on the Settlement Strategy 5. Calculating a Windfall Allowance 6. Interim Review of Local Landscape Designations and Important Local Countryside Gaps The purpose of this topic paper is to set out the influences upon the Council’s settlement strategy as set out in Chapter 4 of the draft Local Plan. These include: Section 1. national Policy and evidence; Section 2. the Local Plan Vision and Strategy; Section 3. distances to services and facilities; Section 4. the capacity of settlements for change (inc. service provision); and Section 5. how places function. Section 1. National Policy and Evidence 1) The National Planning Policy Framework 2012 expects Councils to consider the role and character of their towns and villages and the intrinsic value and beauty of the countryside within which they sit 1. Local Plans also need to manage patterns of growth so that they make the fullest possible use of sustainable transport and put the most significant levels of growth in locations which are or can be made sustainable 2. 2) The 2011 travel to work data reveals that some 54% of total employees in Swale travel outside it to work, mostly to Canterbury, The Medway Towns, Maidstone and London. This has not significantly worsened since the 2001 Census, but Swale shows one of the greatest rises of all the Kent Districts. In terms of mode of travel, some 65% of journeys to work are made by car, whilst only 10% use public transport, some of the poorest levels of usage in Kent. 3) A significant part of the Borough falls within a national priority area for regeneration - the Thames Gateway (Figure 1). It comprises the Sittingbourne and Isle of Sheppey areas of the Borough. The Gateway is supported as a strategy priority by the South East Local Enterprise Partnership (it being one of its four strategic objectives) and financially by £442M from the Single Regional Growth and EU Structural and Investment Funds. The Thames Gateway Kent Partnership is chaired by an Under Secretary of State and promotes the creation of jobs, infrastructure and new homes across North Kent and South Essex. Its presence and the major regeneration emphasis that underpins it is a continued and strong influence upon Local Plans. 1 National Planning Policy Framework 2012. CLG. Para. 17. 2 National Planning Policy Framework 2012. CLG. Paras. 17, 30, 34. 1 Technical Paper 4: Influences on the Settlement Strategy Figure 1 The Thames Gateway 4) Outside the Gateway, the eastern and southern parts of the Borough reflect a more rural profile, characterised by the small market town of Faversham, its rural hinterland, and the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). In these areas, national policies relating to heritage assets and for the AONB indicate conservation and enhancement. 5) For future retail and leisure needs, national policy expects Councils to define a network and hierarchy of centres that is resilient to anticipated future economic changes 3. Swale has three principal towns: Sittingbourne (the main shopping and administrative centre) and two smaller towns, Faversham (a market town serving a rural hinterland); and Sheerness (the main town on the Isle of Sheppey). There are a series of smaller local centres within the main urban areas and villages of the Borough that serve purely local needs. 6) The Swale Retail and Town Centre Study December 2010 identified a retail hierarchy for Swale that is shown in table 1. Following such a hierarchy would mean that the greatest scales of retail and leisure growth would be steered toward Sittingbourne, followed by Faversham and Sheerness, with modest scales of growth at the local centres. Table 1 Retail Hierarchy from Swale Retail and Town Centre Study 2010. Ty pe of centre and location Town Centre Sittingbourne (principal town), Faversham, Sheerness Local Centre Queenborough & Rushenden, Halfway, Minster, Milton Regis, Boughton, Eastchurch, Iwade, Leysdown, Newington, Teynham Conclusions 7) For Swale, both national policy and data strong indicates the need for a strong and local relationship between scales of population, the availability of services, facilities and a choice of transport options and infrastructure. This will both facilitate shorter journeys for the things existing and future residents need as well as limiting wider impacts on the transport network. 3 National Planning Policy Framework 2012. CLG. Para. 23. 2 Technical Paper 4: Influences on the Settlement Strategy 8) For the settlement strategy, the presence of the Thames Gateway likewise indicates the need for added emphasis, both in terms of scales of growth, but also in recognition of the potential for the area to create sustainable communities in accordance with National Planning Policy. Section 2. The Local Plan Vision and Strategy 9) Our Local Plan Vision and Strategy aligns closely with national policy and implies varying levels of growth between parts of the Borough: • greater scales of growth at the urban areas within the Thames Gateway – Sittingbourne transformed and the urban coast of west Sheppey rejuvenated; • at Faversham, growth is described as organic, in other words gradual and unforced; and • successful rural communities, whilst dependent upon development, growth is not at the same scale as the urban areas and larger villages so as to protect the countryside. 10) Our Local Plan settlement strategy indicates five foci for growth that, in broad terms, descend in the scale and type of growth that is to be directed at them: 1. the principal town of Sittingbourne; 2. the other Borough urban centres of Faversham and Sheerness (and its nearby centres of Queenborough, Rushenden and Minster/Halfway); 3. Rural Local Service Centres – Iwade, Newington, Eastchurch, Leysdown, Teynham and Boughton; 4. the villages with built-up area boundaries; and 5. the open countryside. 11) The national emphasis toward the Thames Gateway towns in this settlement strategy, as well as reflecting the role and character of settlements and the intrinsic value and beauty of the countryside, also provides the basis for the creation of two planning areas: 1. Swale Thames Gateway (comprising the Isle of Sheppey, Sittingbourne from the coast to the M2 and including Teynham in the east); and beyond the Gateway the 2. Faversham and the rest of Swale (inc. the Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty). 12) These planning areas continue the approach of the adopted Swale Borough Local Plan 2008. The sub-area implications of development targets 13) Recognising the social, economic and environmental differences between the two planning areas – Thames Gateway (Sittingbourne, the Isle of Sheppey) and Faversham – is fundamental to the strategy of the Local Plan and the Council’s ability to make planned provision for the Borough. 14) The spatial approach over the last 25 years has largely reflected the growth area/lower growth area split with physical growth at the east end of the Borough significantly lower. Through three successive Local and Structure Plans and a Regional Plan, housing targets were in the non-growth area part of the Borough were between 8-14% of the Borough’s total 4. From the 1980 Kent Structure Plan, Faversham was treated as a separate planning area and its policy provided for a ‘conservation primacy’. This meant that in the event of a tension between this objective and meeting development needs, the preservation and enhancement of the historic environment prevailed. A notable example of its effects were the twice dismissal in 2001 and 2004 by an Inspector and Secretary of State of a planning application for a large business park - despite its allocation in adopted Structure and Local Plans. This abandonment prevailed against other large-scale business park propositions promoted via the final Structure Plan, the Regional Spatial Strategy for the South East and the 2008 adopted Local Plan; the latter producing the following example from its Inspector’s report: “I consider that the overriding objection to proposals for major development on greenfield land at the town’s periphery is that they would not accord with the strategic priorities and objectives aimed at conserving the town’s historic environment and containing peripheral growth.” (para. 2.18.8) 4 Kent Structure Plan 1996 (14%), Swale Borough Local Plan 2000 (14%), Kent and Medway Structure Plan 2006 (12%), Swale Borough Local Plan 2008 (12%), The SE Plan 2010 (8%). 3 Technical Paper 4: Influences on the Settlement Strategy 15) Thus, over time, the conservation primacy has both reasserted itself, and has been notably further consolidated for the 2008 Local Plan by its extension into the protection of the natural environment of the countryside around the town. 16) In considering development needs for the town the 2013 SHMA updates highlights the need for some 20,000 sq m of industrial floorspace for the town. For housing, table 2 shows how the objectively assessed need for housing identified in the Council’s Strategic Housing Market Assessment Update 2013 would translate for each of these locations if one were to assume that levels of objectively assessed need were split on the basis of their shares of population, employment and past levels of housing completions.
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