DOCSLIB.ORG

THE STUDY of ASSORTMENT of ANTIPRURITIC DRUGS Krasnousova G.Yu., Rukhmakova O.A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE STUDY of ASSORTMENT of ANTIPRURITIC DRUGS Krasnousova G.Yu., Rukhmakova O.A THE STUDY OF ASSORTMENT OF ANTIPRURITIC DRUGS Krasnousova G.Yu., Rukhmakova O.A. Scientific supervisor: assoc. prof. Buryak M.V. National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine [email protected] Introduction. Antipruritics, also known as anti-itch drugs, are medications that inhibit the itching (Latin: pruritus) often associated with sunburns, allergic reactions, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, fungal infections, insect bites and stings like those from mosquitoes, fleas, and mites, and contact dermatitis and urticaria caused by plants such as poison ivy (urushiol-induced contact dermatitis) or stinging nettle. Aim. The theme of this work was the study of the relevance of developing extemporal cream for treated itch. Materials and methods. The objectives were to assess literature to analyzed and study information about medicinal substances for treated itch. Results and discussion. Topical antipruritics in the form of creams and sprays are often available over the counter. The active ingredients usually belong to these classes: Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Hydroxyzine Corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone topical cream, see topical steroid Counterirritants, such as mint oil, menthol, or camphor Local anesthetics such as lidocaine, pramoxine, or benzocaine in topical creams or lotions Oral antipruritics also exist and are usually prescription drugs. These can be antihistamines as above or: Nalfurafine, an orally-administered, centrally-acting κ-opioid receptor agonist approved for uremic pruritus and effective in animal models of other pruritusesю Also, use drugs prepared in pharmacy, such as Burow's solution, an astringent aqueous solution of aluminium acetate, is shown to soothe and to relieve itching; Olive oil; Calamine lotion, containing zinc oxide and iron(III) oxide, is a traditional remedy for mild itching, such as that typically associated with chicken pox – although the U.S. Paste of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and water, applied topically; Ammonium hydroxide (household ammonia), applied topically; Papain-based topical creams. Conclusion. The results suggest that Itch cream has antipruritic and emollient effects in patients of atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis vulgaris, and other xerotic diseases. Its efficacy as an emollient was comparable to the nonherbal comparator. The symptomatic benefits achieved could be attributed to the herbal ingredients of the product that have been quoted to possess efficacy in different dermatological conditions in traditional medicinal literature. JUSTIFICATION OF THE CREAM COMPOSITION FOR SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS Kravchuk Yu.V. Scientific supervisor: assoc. prof. Semchenko K. V. National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine [email protected] Introduction. Psoriasis in all its various clinical manifestations is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. The prevalence of psoriasis in the population ranges from 1 to 5 % and depends on the climatic and geographical region of residence and ethnic characteristics of the population. Psoriasis is equally common in both men and women. The existing range of drugs for psoriasis treatment mainly includes hormonal drugs. Such drugs have many contraindications and side effects. 140 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Skin Care, Insect Bites and Stings
    DEPARTMENT KLINISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN | MEDISCHE DIENSTEN Kronenburgstraat 43/3, 2000 Antwerpen | Fax: +32 3 247 64 10 Updated version (20/05/2015 – AVG) see: www.travelhealth.be SKIN CARE, INSECT BITES AND STINGS Sun The closer you get to the Equator, the more intense sunlight becomes. Sunbathing in the tropics has to be done in moderation. Protective clothing and hats are recommended. Apply sun cream with high sun protection factor (30 or more) to exposed skin regularly (every two hours) and carefully. Apply sun cream after bathing and avoid long water exposure since sun stroke will be imminent in spite of reduced heat feeling. Avoid perfumed sun creams and check whether or not used creams or medication can cause "sun allergy" (photo-toxic or photo-allergic reactions). We would like to refer to point 5 of the European cancer code: avoid excessive exposure to sun and sunburn during childhood (increased risk of melanomas in later life). Do not take a course of sunbed sessions before going on holiday as the sun tan obtained through UV-A does not give any extra protection against the natural UV-rays. When using sun creams and insect repellents based on DEET, recent studies have shown that DEET reduces the effectiveness of the sun cream, but that sun creams do not have a negative influence on the effectiveness of DEET. It is advisable, therefore, to apply the insect repellent (DEET or another repellent) with the sun lotion and then to take additional precautions to protect against UV (e.g. a sun cream with a higher protection factor).
    [Show full text]
  • Allergic Reactions to Bites and Stings
    Allergic Reactions to Bites and Stings ASCIA EDUCATION RESOURCES (AER) PATIENT INFORMATION Most insect bites and stings result in a localised itch and swelling that settles within a few days. Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) to insects are relatively uncommon, and are usually due to bees, wasps or the Australian Jack Jumper ant. Fortunately, effective treatments are available to treat allergic reactions to bites and stings. Stinging insects are a common cause of anaphylaxis Allergies to venoms from stinging insects are one of the most common causes of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) in Australia. Symptoms include an all over rash, swelling of tongue or throat, trouble breathing, gut cramps, diarrhoea, vomiting or even a drop in blood pressure (shock). Although the insects are all hymenoptera (which means membranous winged insects), their venoms are very different. Allergy to one type of stinging insect does not usually increase the risk of reaction to another. The Honey Bee is the most common cause of allergic reactions in Australia. Paper Wasps and European Wasps can sting multiple times. The European Wasp is becoming an increasing problem in Australia, is particularly aggressive and likes to get inside drink cans at barbeques, although the more familiar Paper Wasp is responsible for the majority of serious stings. The Australian Jack Jumper Ant (Myrmecia pilosula) is a medium sized black bull ant prevalent down the eastern side of Australia and Tasmania. It can be recognised by its characteristic hopping motion when it walks. It is a very aggressive ant and its sting can cause severe local pain. Severe allergic reactions are much more common than is seen with more common bull ants.
    [Show full text]
  • Avoiding and Treating Work-Related Insect Bites and Stings
    FACT SHEET Avoiding and Treating Work-Related Insect Bites and Stings This WorkCare Fact Sheet describes work-related bite and sting risks, symptoms, treatment and preventive measures. Bites and stings are a relatively common occurrence for people who work outdoors and in enclosed environments where bees and wasps, fire ants, insects and arachnids (spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites) feel at home. Employers and workers are encouraged to understand exposure risks, how to recognize and respond to stings and bites, and what they can do to prevent them. Under 29 CFR Part 1904 – Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) considers bites and stings to be recordable when an employee who is bitten or stung while working receives medical treatment beyond first aid. First aid is defined in1904.7 (b)(5)(ii). Exposure Risk Thousands of people in the U.S. are stung or bitten each year. Exposed arms and hands tend to be more susceptible to stings and bites among workers than legs and feet, which are usually protected by clothing and enclosed shoes. In a study of occupationally related bites and stings, the head, one of the most exposed body parts, accounted for one-tenth of cases involving insects and arachnids; a third of those cases affected the eyes. An estimated 90 to 100 people die each year in the U.S. as a result of allergic reactions to bites and stings. Overall, bite- and sting-related injuries and fatalities may be misdiagnosed as heart attack or sunstroke, or attributed to other causes, according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
    [Show full text]
  • Unit 3 Bites and Stings
    First Aid in Common and Environmental Emergencies UNIT 3 BITES AND STINGS Structure 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Objectives 3.2 Bites and Stings 3.2.1 Definition, Causes, Types and Recognition of Bites and Stings 3.2.2 Assessment of the Victim and General First Aid 3.3 Various Bites/Stings 3.3.1 Scorpion Bite and Spider Bite 3.3.2 Snake Bite 3.3.3 Insect Bite 3.3.4 Animal Bites (Dog Bite/Monkey Bites) 3.3.5 Human Bites 3.4 Let Us Sum Up 3.5 Keywords 3.6 Answers to Check Your Progress 3.7 References and Further Readings 3.0 INTRODUCTION Bites and stings are commonly seen in the rural and remote areas. Nowadays, however, they can occur in urban areas also. Lakhs of people every year are bitten or stung by someone or something. These emergencies include bites and stings due to various reasons. These bites or stings need to be identified and treated early as they affect some part or the whole of the body which can cause mild, moderate or severe reaction and can even be life-threatening. Most are not medical emergencies but however, treatment is usually required if there is bleeding, wounds or infection. All bites and stings are not same. Different First Aid treatment and care is needed depending on the type of insect or animal that has caused the bite. Some species are more dangerous and cause more harm compared to others. Hence, in this unit we shall discuss the different types of bites and stings, causes, recognition and first aid in these situations.
    [Show full text]
  • Wasp Sting Envenomation - a Case Report
    Forensic Research & Criminology International Journal Case Report Open Access Wasp sting envenomation - a case report Abstract Volume 4 Issue 6 - 2017 Wasps belonging to the family vespidae is one of the dangerous hymenopteran when 1 2 3 disturbed in its habitat either accidently or purposely. Wasp stings are common, especially Badiadka KK, Amir S, Pramod KL 1Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, in populations living in vicinity to forested areas all over the world. Local signs following Yenepoya Medical College, India stings are common and generally life threatening anaphylaxis may occur, including Kounis 2Postgraduate, Department of Forensic Medicine, Yenepoya syndrome requiring immediate treatment. This case report is of a 67 yr old woman bitten Medical College, India by a swarm of wasps leading to her death due to envenomation and related complications. 3Curator, Department of Forensic Medicine, Yenepoya Medical College, India Keywords: wasp sting, hymenopteran, anaphylaxis, kounis syndrome, envenomation Correspondence: K Leena Pramod, Curator, Department of Forensic Medicine, Yenepoya Medical College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India, Tel 91 9449366780, Email Received: May 01, 2017 | Published: May 12, 2017 Introduction was an early summer season and a very humid day. The scene was a house under construction, with a front area covered with fallen leaves The Phylum Arthropoda constitutes more than 50% of animal and a big tree. The tree was on edge of ground with roots exposed on species found on earth, of which the insects, spiders belonging to one side. The exposed area was burnt and ash was seen near it (Figure 1 the order Hymenoptera are the main cause for human mortality.
    [Show full text]
  • Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron Radicans) DESCRIPTION
    Weed Identification and Control Sheet: www.goodoak.com/weeds Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) DESCRIPTION: Poison ivy is a native woody vine and member of the sumac family. It can be found in shady and sunny sites rambling along the ground, forming a small shrub, or climbing up trees. The vines attach to surfaces by means of thin aerial roots which grow along the length of the stem. The plant always has three leaflets which are often serrated. Usually these leaflets have one dominant lobe, giving the outer two leaves the appearance of mittens with the central leaf resembling a mitten with two thumbs. Young leaves are often dark green or maroonish, and the attractive fall foliage can range from brick to fire- engine red. Poison ivy is generally not considered a threat to native plant communities, in fact, the white berries provide winter food for birds and deer relish the foliage. Though harmless to most animals, many humans are allergic to the urushiol (yoo-roo-shee-ol) oil produced by the plant which results in itching, inflammation and blisters. This oil is found in all parts of the plant during all times of the year. This oil can also be spread by contact with clothing, shoes, pets or equipment that have touched poison ivy weeks or months after initial contact. It can even be transmitted in the air when poison ivy is burned, which presents a severe risk if inhaled and has been known to result in hospitalization and death. Though some people are not alleargic to the oil, its important to wear pants, long sleeves and gloves when working around poison ivy since the allergy can develop af- ter repeated exposures to urushiol.
    [Show full text]
  • Frontiers in Dermatology and Venereology - a Series of Theme Issues in Relation to the 100-Year Anniversary of Actadv
    ISSN 0001-5555 ActaDV Volume 100 2020 Theme issue ADVANCES IN DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY A Non-profit International Journal for Interdisciplinary Skin Research, Clinical and Experimental Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Frontiers in Dermatology and Venereology - A series of theme issues in relation to the 100-year anniversary of ActaDV Official Journal of - European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry Affiliated with - The International Forum for the Study of Itch Immediate Open Access Acta Dermato-Venereologica www.medicaljournals.se/adv ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA The journal was founded in 1920 by Professor Johan Almkvist. Since 1969 ownership has been vested in the Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica, a non-profit organization. Since 2006 the journal is published online, independently without a commercial publisher. (For further information please see the journal’s website https://www. medicaljournals.se/acta) ActaDV is a journal for clinical and experimental research in the field of dermatology and venereology and publishes high- quality papers in English dealing with new observations on basic dermatological and venereological research, as well as clinical investigations. Each volume also features a number of review articles in special areas, as well as Correspondence to the Editor to stimulate debate. New books are also reviewed. The journal has rapid publication times. Editor-in-Chief: Olle Larkö, MD, PhD, Gothenburg Former Editors: Johan Almkvist 1920–1935 Deputy Editors: Sven Hellerström 1935–1969
    [Show full text]
  • Transcriptional Inhibition of Hypertrophic Scars by a Gene
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE Transcriptional Inhibition of Hypertrophic Scars by a Gene Silencer, Pyrrole–Imidazole Polyamide, Targeting the TGF-b1 Promoter Hisayo Washio1, Noboru Fukuda2, Hiroyuki Matsuda2, Hiroki Nagase3, Takayoshi Watanabe3, Yoshiaki Matsumoto4 and Tadashi Terui1 Synthetic pyrrole–imidazole (PI) polyamides bind to the minor groove of double-helical DNA with high affinity and specificity, and inhibit the transcription of corresponding genes. We examined the effects of a transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1-targeted PI polyamide (Polyamide) on hypertrophic skin scars in rats. Hypertrophic scars were created dorsally in rats by incisions. FITC-labeled Polyamide was injected to investigate its distribution in the skin. Expression of TGF-b1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagen type1, and fibronectin mRNAs was evaluated by reverse transcription PCR analysis. The extent of fibrosis and the expression of TGF-b1 were evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically. Polyamide was distributed in almost all nuclei of skin cells. Expression of TGF-b1 mRNA reached a peak at 3 days after skin incision. Expression of CTGF and extracellular matrix mRNAs was increased continuously even after the peak induction of TGF-b1 mRNA. Injection of Polyamide completely inhibited both the development of scars and the induction of growth factors and extracellular matrix mRNAs. The treatment also markedly inhibited fibrotic changes and reduced the numbers of vimentin-positive spindle-shaped fibroblasts. Injection of Polyamide also reduced established
    [Show full text]
  • Notes to General Risk Assessment Form RA1
    Produced by the Health and Safety Department, the University of Edinburgh Health Risks from Working Outdoors: There are several health hazards which may affect people who work outdoors. Some of the main hazards which people may be exposed to include: Exposure to UV radiation from the sun: UV radiation from the sun causes damage to skin. The main effects include sunburn, blistering, skin ageing, an in the long term may lead to skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common from of cancer in the UK, with over 40,000 new cases diagnosed each year. There are three main types of skin cancer: 1. Basal cell carcinoma (rodent ulcer) This type of cancer is usually found in people over 60. It is often linked with years of working outdoors, outdoor sports, or life in the tropics. The most likely sites are on the face and hair bearing skin. Appearance may vary, but there is often a nodule which slowly grows to 0.5cm over a couple of years. It may look translucent or pigmented, and may develop a raised pearly border with a non-healing ulcer in the centre. This type of cancer does not usually spread to form secondary cancers, however early treatment is vital to prevent extensive tissue damage around the site of the cancer. 2. Squamous cell carcinoma This type of skin cancer mainly occurs in older people usually following long exposure to UV radiation as in outdoor work. Appearance is usually of a warty lump, nodule, ulcer, or sore which does not heal. Squamous cell carcinomas also have a very high cure rate, but early treatment is vital in order to prevent tissue damage.
    [Show full text]
  • Causes and Effective Management of Insect Bites in the UK
    KNOWLEDGE WOUND CARE SUPPLEMENT Marion Richardson, BD, CertEd, RGN, RNT, DipN, is senior lecturer Causes and effective management and programme leader, emergency of insect bites in the UK nursing, University of Hertfordshire Insects play an important role in maintaining the site of bites and, worldwide, mosquitoes transmit Marion Richardson describes world’s ecosystem (Zhu and Stiller, 2002) but many diseases from one bitten host to the next. These include the causes of insect bites of them feed on other animals. Humans are relatively malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever (acute arbovirus and the management of this hairless and provide an easy target, especially when infection), lymphatic filariasis (caused by the lymphatic uncomfortable problem partly clothed (Cohn, 2003). Biting insects common filarial parasites), and encephalitis (Zhu and Stiller, 2002). to the UK include midges, gnats, mosquitoes, flies, West Nile virus is the most likely mosquito-borne fleas, lice, mites, ticks, and bedbugs (Fig 1). disease in the UK. It is uncommon because the KEY WORDS population density of mosquitoes is relatively low Insects Although their bites rarely cause serious problems, the (Prodigy, 2003). In most people the infection is Bites salivary gland excretions they deposit contain various asymptomatic or causes a mild influenza-like illness. It Inflammation antigenic substances that may provoke a reaction in may cause encephalitis or aseptic meningitis, especially susceptible people (Prodigy, 2003). in people aged over 50 (Prodigy, 2003; Crook et al, 2002). Insect habits and habitats Midges Only female midges attack, often in swarms at Bedbugs These are nocturnal blood-sucking parasites sunrise or sunset and with a higher frequency in that feed at night.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Name
    Usage Instructions C1650 and C1651 Emu Oil Emu Oil has been shown to have unique healing properties. Aborigines of Australia have used Emu Oil for thousands of years to reduce the pain and swelling of arthritis, to heal wounds & burns, and to reduce the pain, itch, and swelling of insect bites and stings. Highly moisturizing, Emu Oil is a natural skin softener and has rejuvenating properties. Non greasy and highly penetrating, it has been shown to help reduce the depth and length of fine lines & wrinkles. Emu Oil penetrates into the skin quickly and deeply, making it an excellent trans-dermal carrier for any other added moisturizers or therapeutic ingredients. Emu Oil is natural and non-toxic, non-comedogenic, hypo-allergenic, and gentle for all skin types. An effective anti-inflammatory, the potency of the anti-inflammatory effect from Emu Oil is similar to ibuprofen without the negative side-affects frequently common with traditional prescription or corticosteroid based anti-inflammatory medications. Emu Oil helps benefit the following conditions and problems: Acne Frostbite Scrapes & scratches Age spots Growing pains Shin splints Arthritis Hair loss Shingles Athletes foot In-grown toenails Skin rashes Bed sores Insect bites Skin hydration Bruises Irritated skin Sore muscles Burns Itching Sports injuries Bursitis Joint pain Sprains Calluses Keloids Stiffness Chapped lips Lumbago Stretch marks Complexion problems Massage Sunburn relief Conditioning hair Moisturize skin Surgery Scars Contact dermatitis Muscle pain & spasms Swelling Cracked skin Pain relief Tendonitis Cuts & lacerations Pet hot spots Thin, aging skin Dandruff Psoriasis Tired feet Diaper rash Razor burn & nicks Varicose veins Dishpan hands Recent scars Wasp, bee stings Dry skin Rheumatism Windburn Eczema Scar Prevention Wounds Fingernail cuticles Sciatica Wrinkles & fine lines Ingredients 100% pure oil from the American Emu, which naturally contains Linolenic Acid (Omega 3), Linoleic Acid (Omega 6), and Oleic Acid (Omega 9) along with other Essential Fatty Acids.
    [Show full text]
  • In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity. I. in Vitro Reaction of Human Lymphocytes to Urushiol
    In vitro studies of poison oak immunity. I. In vitro reaction of human lymphocytes to urushiol. V S Byers, … , N Castagnoli, H Baer J Clin Invest. 1979;64(5):1437-1448. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI109602. Research Article Poison oak, ivy, and sumac dermatitis is a T-cell-mediated reaction against urushiol, the oil found in the leaf of the plants. This hapten is extremely lipophilic and concentrates in cell membranes. A blastogenesis assay employing peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from humans sensitized to urushiol is described. The reactivity appears 1--3 wk after exposure and persists from 6 wk to 2 mon. The dose-response range is narrow, with inhibition occurring at higher antigen concentrations. Urushiol introduced into the in vitro culture on autologous lymphocytes, erythrocytes and heterologous erythrocytes produces equal results as measured by the optimal urushiol dose, the intensity of reaction, and the frequency of positive reactors. This suggests that the urushiol is passed from introducer to some other presenter cell. Although the blastogenically reactive cell is a T cell, there is also a requirement for an accessory cell, found in the non-T- cell population, for reactivity. Evidence is presented that this cell is a macrophage. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/109602/pdf In Vitro Studies of Poison Oak Immunity I. IN VITRO REACTION OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES TO URUSHIOL VERA S. BYERS, WILLIAM L. EPSTEIN, NEAL CASTAGNOLI, and H. BAER, Department of Dermatology and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; and Bureau of Biologics, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 A B S TR A C T Poison oak, ivy, and sumac dermatitis plant represents a severe hazard for outdoor workers is a T-cell-mediated reaction against urushiol, the oil (3,4).
    [Show full text]