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HREL 35200 / SALC 39001:

Spring Quarter 2009 Christian K. Wedemeyer M/W 15:30-16:50 Swift 310B Swift Hall Rm 201 Office Hours: M/W 1:30–2:30 [email protected] Course description: This course is designed to serve as an introductory survey of the history, doctrines, institutions, and practices of Buddhism in from its origins in the mid-first-millennium through the end of the 20th century. Readings will be drawn both from primary sources (in translation) and secondary and tertiary scholarly research. There will be an in-class mid- term exam, and the option of either a take-home final exam or a short (7 pp.) paper.

PQ: Preferably HREL 35100 or equivalent background in Buddhism.

Schedule of Meetings 30 March 2009: No class

1 April 2009: Tibetan pre-history and the tradition Topics: Earliest records of Tibet Bon and the “pre-Buddhist of Tibet” How “Tibetan” is ? Readings: Stein, Tibetan Civilization, pp. 19–44 Karmay, “A General Introduction to the History and Doctrines of Bon”

6 April 2009: The Imperial Period Topics: The Tibetan Imperium The Mythos of the Three Religious Kings Readings: Snellgrove and Richardson, Cultural , pp. 19-32, 49-65 Kapstein, Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism, pp. 51-65 Richardson, A Corpus of Early Tibetan Inscriptions, pp. 7-15, 26-31, 72-81

8 April 2009: Old Tibetan Buddhism: “Scholastic” Topics: Śāntarakṣita and the foundation of bSam-yas Imperial support for translation projects Kamalaśīla and the “Great Debate” of bSam-yas Readings: Snellgrove & Richardson, Cultural History of Tibet, pp. 66-80, 89-94 Ruegg, “Tibetan Historiography and Doxography of the ‘Great Debate of bSam yas” by Bu-ston, pp. 181-201

13 April 2009: Old Tibetan Buddhism: “Shamanic” **Note special class session: class from 3:30 to 4:20; then adjourn for a special guest lecture by Robert Mayer, Oxford University, in Swift Commons)** Topics: The Figure of : early and late The Old and the 9 Vehicles Readings: dBa’-bzhed, pp. 1-21 Powers, Tibetan Buddhism, pp. 319-345

Tibetan Buddhism, Spring 2009

15 April 2009: The “Later Diffusion” (phyi-dar) of Tibetan Buddhism Topics: History and Historiography of the Phyi-dar and his reputation Tibetan Buddhism Readings: Hubert Decleer, “Atiśa’s Journey to Tibet” (in RoTiP) History of Buddhism by Bu-ston, pp. 201-224

20 April 2009: Doctrinal Issues in the Later Diffusion Topics: Authenticity of the Old Tantras Consolidation of the “Ancient School” (rNying-ma) Treasure Teachings (gTer-ma) Readings: Karmay, “The Ordinance of Lha bLa-ma Ye-shes-’od” Gyatso, “Drawn from the Tibetan Treasury” Davidson, “gSar ma Apocrypha”

22 April 2009: The (Sa-skya) School (and the ) Topics: The ’Khon clan and the founding of Sa-skya Sa-skya Paṇḍita and his critiques ’Phags-pa and the Tibetan Buddhist State Readings: Powers, Intro to Tibetan Buddhism, pp. 377-401. Ruegg, “The Preceptor/Donor (yon mchod) Relation”

27 April 2009: The Kagyü (bKa’-brgyud) Schools (and their Mongols) Topics: Marpa Chos-kyi bLo-gros and Nāropā Gam-po-pa and Phag--gru-pa and a New Tibetan Buddhist State Readings: Powers, Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism, pp. 346-375 Shakabpa, A Political History of Tibet, pp. 73-90

29 April 2009: Bu-ston and the bKa’-’gyur/bsTan-’gyur Topics: Fixing of a Canon Comprehensive Surveys of Indian Buddhism Readings: Ruegg, Life of Bu-ston (pp. 1–40) Schaeffer, “A Letter to the Editors of the Buddhist Canon in Fourteenth-Century Tibet”

4 May 2009: Dol-po-pa, Tsong-kha-pa, and Tibetan Hermeneutics Topics: Dol-po-pa Shes-rab rGyal-mtshan rJe Rin-po-che bLo-bzang Grags-pa Exoteric and and interpretation Readings: Stearns, The Buddha from , pp. 11-77 Thurman, Life and Teachings of Tsong Khapa, pp. 4-34.

6 May 2009: The Incarnate (sprul-sku) System and the “Crazies” (smyon-pa) Topics: The theory and process of recognizing incarnate Its political, economic, and religious impact Some reactions. . . Readings: Wylie, : A Political Innovation in Tibetan Buddhism” Lhalungpa, The Life of Milarepa, pp. 153-197

11 May 2009: In-class mid-term exam

2 Tibetan Buddhism, Spring 2009

13 May 2009: III and the Geluk (dge-lugs) to the 16th/17th Centuries Topics: Political fortunes of the Dalai Lamas Consolidation of the Ganden/Geluk Tradition Rise of Mass Tāranātha/Buddhaguptanātha Readings: Shakabpa, Political History of Tibet, pp. 91-99. Powers, Tibetan Buddhism (Geluk: pp. 402–430) Dreyfus, Sound of Two Hands Clapping, pp. 32-53 Goldstein and , “Tibetan ” Goldstein, “A Study of the lDab lDob”

18 May 2009: Later 17th Century: The “Great Fifth” Dalai Lama Topics: Maṇi bKa’-’bum and the creation of a national mythos sDe-srid Sangs-rgyas rGya-mtsho and the completion of the Potala Mass monasticism and the Tibetan Buddhist State Readings: Kapstein, The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism, pp. 141-162 Gyatso, “Down with the Demoness” Goldstein, “The Circulation of Estates in Tibet”

20 May 2009: 18th Century Developments Topics: Dalai Lama-s VI–VIII Cang-skya Rol-pa’i rDo-rje and Emperor Ch’ien Si-tu Paṇ-chen and xylographic canons Readings: Gyatso, Apparitions of the Self, pp. 124-144 Kapstein, The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism, pp. 121-137

25 May 2009: Memorial Day, no class meeting

27 May 2009: 19th Century Developments Topics: Dalai Lama-s IX–XII The “Non-aligned” Movement (Ris-med) in Tibetan Buddhism Readings: Smith, “’Jam mgon Kong sprul and the Nonsectarian movement” M. Aris, “India and the British According to a Tibetan Text”

1 June 2009: Early 20th Century developments Topics: Dalai Lama XIII, dGe-’dun Chos-’phel and modernism Pha-bong-kha and the rise of “neo-dGe-lugs” Readings: Huber, “Colonial Archaeology, Intl. Buddhism, and 1st Mod. Tib. Lit.” Dreyfus, “The Shugden Affair”

3 June 2009: Contemporary Developments in Tibet and Exile Topics: Dalai Lama XIV, Chinese conquest, the , and its aftermath Readings: Goldstein & Kapstein, Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet (Intro and Conclusion) Goldstein, “Revival of Monastic Life in Drepung ”

10 June 2009: Take-home final exam ** OR ** Final Paper due by 3:00PM in Swift 204

3 Tibetan Buddhism, Spring 2009

Bibliography

Stein, R. A. Tibetan Civilization. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972. pp. 19-44.

Karmay, Samten. “A General Introduction to the History and Doctrines of Bon,” in Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko, no. 33. Tokyo: The Toyo Bunko, 1975. pp. 172-218.

Snellgrove, David, and Hugh Richardson. A Cultural History of Tibet. Boston and London: , 1995. pp. 19-32, 49-65; 66-80, 89-94.

Richardson, Hugh E. A Corpus of Early Tibetan Inscriptions. n.p.: Royal Asiatic Society, 1985. pp. 7-15, 26- 31, 72-81.

Kapstein, Matthew T. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. pp. 51- 65, 141-162, 121-137.

Ruegg, David Seyfort. “On the Tibetan Historiography and Doxography of the ‘Great Debate of bSam yas,’” in IHARA Shōren and YAMAGUCHI Zuihō, eds., Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the 5th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, NARITA, 1989, Volume I, Narita: Naritasan Shinshoji, 1992. pp. 237-244.

Obermiller, E, transl., History of Buddhism (chos ḥbyung) by Bu-ston. Heidelberg: O Harassowitz, 1932. pp. 181-201; 201-224.

Wangdu, Pasang, and Hildegard Diemberger. dBa’ bzhed: The Royal Narrative Concerning the Bringing of the Buddha’s Doctrine to Tibet. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2000.

Powers, John. Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism. Ithaca: Publications, 1995. pp. 319-345, 377- 401, 346-376, 402-430.

Hubert Decleer, “Atiśa’s Journey to Tibet,” in Donald S. Lopez, ed., of Tibet in Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. pp. 157-177.

Karmay, Samten. “The Ordinance of Lha bLa-ma Ye-shes-’od,” in Samten Karmay, The Arrow and the Spindle: Studies in History, Myths, and Beliefs in Tibet. Kathmandu: Book Point, 1998. pp. 3-16.

Gyatso, Janet. “Drawn from the Tibetan Treasury: the gTer ma literature,” in José Cabezón and Roger Jackson, eds., : Studies in Genre. Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1996. pp. 147-169.

Davidson, Ronald. “gSar ma Apocrypha: The Creation of Orthodoxy, Gray Texts, and the New Revelation,” in Helmut Eimer and David Germano, eds., The Many Canons of Tibetan Buddhism (PIATS 2000). Leiden: Brill, 2002. pp. 203-224.

Ruegg, “The Preceptor/Donor (yon mchod) Relation in Thirteenth Century Tibetan Society and Polity, its Inner Asian Precursors and Indian Models,” in Krasser, Much, Steinkellner, and Tauscher, eds., Tibetan Studies, vol. II, Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1997. pp. 857-872.

Shakabpa, Tsepon W. D. Tibet: A Political History. 1967. New York: Potala Publications, 1984. pp. 73-90, 91-99.

Ruegg, David S. The Life of Bu-ston Rinpoche. Roma: Instituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, 1966. pp. 1-40.

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Schaeffer, Kurtis. “A Letter to the Editors of the Buddhist Canon in Fourteenth-Century Tibet: The ‘Yig mkhan rnams la gdams pa’ of Bu ston Rin chen grub,” Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 124, No. 2 (Apr.–Jun., 2004), pp. 265–281.

Stearns, Cyrus. The Buddha from Dolpo: A Study of the Life and Thought of the Tibetan Master . Albany: SUNY Press, 1999. pp. 11-77.

Thurman, Robert A. F., ed. The Life and Teachings of Tsong Khapa. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1982. pp. 4-34.

Wylie, Turrell. “Reincarnation: A Political Innovation in Tibetan Buddhism,” in Louis Ligeti, ed., Proceedings of the Csoma de Kőrös Memorial Symposium. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1978. pp. 579-586.

Lhalungpa, Lobsang P. The Life of Milarepa. 1977. Boulder & London: , 1979. pp. 153-197.

Dreyfus, Georges. The Sound of Two Hands Clapping: The Education of a Tibetan Buddhist Monk. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. pp. 32-53.

Goldstein, Melvyn, and Paljor Tsarong. “Tibetan Buddhist Monasticism: social, psychological, and cultural implications. The Tibet Journal, X.1 (1985), pp. 14-31.

Goldstein, Melvyn. “A Study of the ldab ldob,” Central Asiatic Journal, vol. IX (1964), pp. 123-141.

Gyatso, Janet. “Down with the Demoness: Reflections on a Feminine Ground in Tibet,” Tibet Journal, vol. XII.4 (1987). pp. 38-53.

Goldstein, Melvyn. “The Circulation of Estates in Tibet: Reincarnation, Land and Politics,” Journal of Asian Studies, 32.3 (1973), pp. 445-455.

Gyatso, Janet. Apparitions of the Self: The Secret Autobiographies of a Tibetan Visionary. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998. pp. 124-144.

Smith, E. Gene. Among Tibetan Texts: History & Literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001. pp. 235-272.

Aris, Michael. “India and the British according to a Tibetan text,” in Per Kværne, ed., Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the 6th International Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Fagernes, 1992. Oslo: Institute for Comparative Research in Culture, 1994. Vol. I, pp. 7-15; Appendix to Vol. I, pp. 3-11.

Huber, Toni. “Colonial Archaeology, International Missionary Buddhism, and the First Example of Modern Tibetan Literature,” in Petra Kieffer-Pülz and Jens-Uwe Hartmann, eds., Bauddhavidyāsudhākaraḥ: Studies in Honor of Heinz Bechert on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday. Swisstal-Odendorf: Indica et Tibetica Verlag, 1997. pp. 297-318.

Dreyfus, Georges. “The Shuk-den Affair: History and of a Quarrel,” Journal of the International Association of , vol. 21, no. 2 (1998). pp. 227-270.

Goldstein, Melvyn, and Matthew Kapstein, eds. Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet: Religious Revival and Cultural Identity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. pp. 1-52, 139-149.

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