Women As Portrayed in F.Scott Fitzgerald Novels. ( with Reference To: This Side of Paradise, the Great Gatsby and Tender Is The
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ Sudan University of Science and Technology College of Graduate studies Women As Portrayed in F.scott Fitzgerald Novels. ( With Reference to: This Side of Paradise, The Great Gatsby and Tender is The Night). ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺗﺐ اﺳﻜﻮت ﻓﯿﺘﺰ ﻗﺮاﻟﺪ ﻓﻲ رواﯾﺘﮫ "ھﺬا اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻗﺎﺗﺴﺒﻲ اﻟﻌﻈﯿﻢ واﻟﻤﯿﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﯿﻞ" A partial Fulfillment Research of the Requirements for A Master Degree in English Literature Submitted by : MUGBIL SULIMAN AHMED MOHAMMED Supervised By: Dr. WIGDAN YAGOUB MOHAMMED SHEREIF January, 2017 INTRODUCTION 1 DEDICATION To my lovely and dear parents, family members and intimate friends I dedicate this research 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMNETS I would like to thank all people who developed me when I was in despairing need for support. My sincere thanks also due to many wonderful lectures from whom obtained knowledge in the field of literature such as how to analyze novels, and stylish vocabulary of expression. I would further like to extend my genuine gratitude to supervision Dr. Wigdan Yagoub Mohammed Sharief who taught me how to taught me how to anlyzise and complete this work, and who led me to reach up this position of which Iam highly proud. My appreciation is also extended to Dr. Sami Alagir Ahmed and Dr. Tag Asler Bashowm who helped and encouraged me to love literature. In the end thank the Helen Keler institute at the University of Khartoum which provide me with the relevant references 3 ABSTRACT The aim of this research aimed at depicting how women were portrayed in F.scott Fitzgerald's in three novels, This side of paradise, The Great by, and Tender is the Night. The women characters divided were into three main groups based on age and marital status. First deals with the Author and his times, that he lives in it and the general role of women in USA in term of twenty century, the young girls were discussed with concentrate image of the flapper of the twenties. Appearing roaring girls and dancing in a big party and company men without marriage seeking behind wealth and Mansions, Consequence that to dismantle family. Here the researcher wanted explain the problems encountered by women all, and arrived at some reasons that led to conflicts between man and women. The third group discussed the married women. Then gives a complete analysis of the three major women's characters in Fitzgerald novels. In conclusion rounding analyzes of all the thee groups specially girls of Twenties century and women and their influence on their male counterparts. In the end arrived at the at the lost. 4 ﻣﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ھدف ھذا اﻟﺑﺣث ﻟﺗﺻوﯾر وﺗﺟﺳﯾد اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺎت اﻟﻧﺳﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ رواﯾﺎت ﻟﻠﻛﺎﺗب This side of parades the Great Gatsby andاﻷﻣرﯾﻛﻲ إﺳﻛوت ﻓﯾﺗرﺟﯾراﻟد وھﻲ وﻗﺳﻣت ھذه اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺎت اﻟﻧﺳﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ رواﯾﺎت إﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ tender is the Night ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت رﺋﯾﺳﯾﺔ ﺗﺑﻌﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻌﻣر واﻟﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ وﻗﺳﻣت ھذه اﻟرﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ: ﻧﺎﻗش ﺳﯾرة اﻟﻣؤﻟف واﻟﺣﻘﺑﺔ اﻟزﻣﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻋﺎش ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ودور اﻟﻧﺳﺎء ﻋﺎﻣﺎ ً ﻓﻲ اﻟوﻻﯾﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة اﻷﻣرﯾﻛﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺗرة اﻟﻌﺷرﯾﻧﺎت ﻣن اﻟﻘرن ﻧﻔﺳﮫ. ﻧﺎﻗش دور اﻟﻔﺗﯾﺎت ﺻﻐﯾرات اﻟﺳن ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗرﻛﯾز ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺻوﯾر ﺣﯾﺎﺗﮭن ﻓﻲ ﻓﺗرة اﻟﻌﺷرﯾﻧﯾﺎت. وطﯾش اﻟﻔﺗﯾﺎت واﻟظواھر ﻣﺛل اﻟراﻗﺻﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﻔﻼت اﻟﻛﺑﯾرة وﺻﺣﺑﺔ اﻟرﺟﺎل ﻣن ﻏﯾر زواج واﻟﺳﻌﻲ وراء اﻟﺛروات واﻟﻘﺻور وﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ﻟذﻟك ﺗﻔﻛك اﻷﺳرة وھﻧﺎ اراد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث أن ﯾوﺿﺢ اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ً اﻟوﺻول إﻟﻰ ﺑﻌض اﻷﺳﺑﺎب اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘود إﻟﻰ اﻟﺻراﻋﺎت ﺑﯾن اﻟﻣرأة واﻟرﺟل. ﻧﺎﻗﺷت اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻟﺛﺔ واﻷﺧﯾرة اﻟﻧﺳﺎء اﻟﻣﺗزوﺟﺎت ﺛم ﻋﻣل ﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﻛﺎﻣل ﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺎت اﻟﻧﺳﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ رواﯾﺎت ﻓﯾﺗرﺟراﻟد. ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧﺗﺎم ﺗم ﻋﻣل ﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﺷﺎﻣل ﻟﮭذه اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﺗﯾﺎت اﻟﻌﺷرﯾﻧﯾﺎت ﻣن اﻟﻘرن وﻣدى ﺗﺄﺛﯾرھن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧظﺎﺋرھن ﻣن اﻟرﺟﺎل. وأﺧﯾرا ً ﺗوﺻﻠت إﻟﻰ اﻟﺿﯾﺎع. 5 TABLE OF CONYENTS SUBJECT PAGE NO. Dedication I Acknowledgments II Abstract III Abstract (Arabic) IV Table of Contents V-VII CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Statement of the problem 3 1.3 Research Questions 3 1.4 The Hypotheses of the study 3 1.5 objectives of the study 4 1.6 Significant of the study 4 1.7 The methodology of the study 4 1.8 Limits of the study 5 CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND PREVIOUS STUDIES 2.1 Introduction: 6 2.1.1 Women in the Early to Mid 26th Century Society And 6 Economic Condition 2.1.2 The weaker sex 7 2.1.3 Formal Education 7 2.1.4 The legal status of women 7 2.1.5 Feminist philosophies 8 2.1.6Women's clothes 8 2.1.7 Women in politics 8 6 2.2 The position of Women in society 8 2.3 An Era of prosperity 9 2.4 The Depression 10 2.5 Prohibition 11 2.6 Flapper: 11 2.6.1 The beginning of the flapper era: 11 2.6.2 The symbols of the flapper 12 2.6.3 The End of the Flapper Era 12 2.7 marriage 13 2.8 women work 14 2.9 Jazz History 15 2.10 Women in Jazz 15 2.11 Previous studies 16 CHAPTER THREE ANALYSIS FRAM ACRITCAL POINT OF VIEW 3.1 Introduction 20 3.2 The Great Gatsby Novel 22 3.2.1 Daisy Buchanan 22 3.2.2 Jordan Baker 23 3.2.3 Myrtle Wilson 24 3.2.4 The Great Gatsby Novel 24 3.3. This side of paradise Novel 28 3.3.1 Rosalind Connage 28 3.3.2 Beat Rice Blaine 29 3.3.3 Clara 29 3.3.4 Eleanor Savage 29 7 3.3.5 This side of paradise Novel 30 3.4 Tender is the Night Novel 36 3.4.1 Nicole Diver's 36 3.4.2 Rosemary Hoyt 36 3.4.3 Tender is the Night Novel 37 CHAPTER FOUR CONCLUSION, FINDINGS , RECOMMENDATIONS, SUGGESTIONS , BIBLIOGRAPHY 4.1 Conclusion 40 4.2 Findings 40 4.3 Recommendations 41 4.4 Suggestions for further studies 42 4.5 Bibliography 43 8 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 9 1.1 Background :- F. Scotet Fitzgrald (1896-1940) was one of the most. Important writers of the American Twenties, not because of the quantity books he wrote, but because he was a representative of an integral part of the period. He wrote five novels during the twenties and the earliest part of the thirties give a comprehensive image of the American upper middle class. In the 1920s American They given different names such as “the gay twenties” , “the roaring twenties” , The “Jazz Age”. It has given birth to a galaxy of gifted writers in American Literature like “Sinclar' Lewis” ,” Ernest Heming way”. And Fugene O’Neill”. Scott Fitzgerald in “Twenties”. He portrayed in his novels the “last generation” which lived in the post war era. The flourishing American industry with its gigantic roaring factories and is large scale aggressiveness had left no place for polite behaviour. On of the limits of sexual morality in their revolt having extra marital affairs was the sign of free sprit . They considered fidelity in marriage as a bourgeois virtue . The decline of religion, the rise of feminism. The effects of prohibition and the popularization of psychoanalytical . The second industrial revelation accelerated the breakdown of habits and styles of living. The automobile the move and radio were revolutionary forces of change that swept away the old barriers and shed in anew way of life . The motion picture was popular even before the war : it became lucrative industry . The business of the automobile manufactures flourish to the twenties , women preferred to do without a bath tub in the house than set drive a car. 10 There was a new type of individualisms as shown by the generation of flappers, this generation , where girls dramatized themselves as flappers , reveled in its new found freedom . Rosalimd in "This side of Baradise" is typical of the jazz age generation where she style that she “doesn’t want to think of posts and kitchen and brooms , but wants to werry whether my legs will get slick and brown when I swim in the summer . More American boys and girls postponed their gobs and marriage in order to attended college. The petting parties , the drinking sprees and the reckless living were not Fitzgerald flappers and philosophers. The bobbing of hair had be come a crucial simple of freedom . One of the most important features of twenties was prohibition which came with dissipative fore which had revolutionary effect on the life of decade. The major cause of violence and law breaking was the experiment with prohibition . Also a time of careless gainty and excessive drinking among the wealthy middle class- when the low was passed making the sale and distribution of intoxicating beverages. Protestants see country were jubilant firmly they would destroy the evil influence of the saloon and would save million of men and women from crime and punishment and improve women and children . Women characters depicted throughout his novels from the flappers but they were more developed in his old women characters . In Fitzgerald’s novels women turnout to have destructive characters., they are young selfish, irresponsible, with good looks and physical health , and come from pampered background. The girls and women come for Fitzgerald to stand for America. Fitzgralds fiction becomes story extent to which the actual American is whore to the Prototypical Romantic the imagination and how she leads him on and in betraying his expectation ‘ destroys his identity and his dream . 11 1 – 2 Statement of The Problem :- The study tries to shed light on the role of women in society specially in the era of 20th century. In three novels " The Great Gatsby, This Side of Paradise and Tender is the Night". Women running to the wealth, looking for authority and money to achieve these objectives by any way led to the pig problems, destruction community and destroying many families in society, the oppressiveness of marriage and the inequality of sexes that were found in society the authors represent the heart of the different feminist relationships matters, that played a big role to destroying any families.