PHOTO CREDIT: SHUTTERSTOCK PROJECT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2, 2019 – JULY 2, 2020 USAID Mini-Grid Feasibility Study Project

March 2019

THIS DOCUMENT WAS PREPARED BY ECODIT LLC FOR USAID UNDER THE NIGER MINI-GRID FEASIBILITY STUDY PROJECT, TASK ORDER NO. 720-674-19-F-00002 UNDER THE POWER AFRICA IDIQ. AUTHORITY

Prepared for USAID under the Power Africa Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity Contract (IDIQ) Contract No. 720-674-19-D-00007, Task Order No. 720-674-19-F-00002, awarded December 19, 2018, entitled “Niger Mini-Grid Feasibility Study.”

This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of ECODIT LLC and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

This report was prepared by the Niger Mini-Grid Feasibility Study Project team, comprised of ECODIT LLC.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHORITY I TABLE OF FIGURES III ACRONYMS IV INTRODUCTION 1 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW 1 PERFORMANCE PERIOD 1 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK 3 CONTRACTING AUTHORITY 3 PROJECT COUNTERPARTS 3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM 4 DELIVERABLES TO CONTRACTING AUTHORITY 4 CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS 6 DETAILED LIST OF ACTIVITIES FOR WORK PLAN 3 6 LIST OF ACTIVITIES 6 IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES 7 ACTIVITY 1 PRELIMINARY DATA COLLECTION (TASK 1) 7 ACTIVITY 2 WORK PLAN (TASK 1) 8 ACTIVITY 3 KICK-OFF MEETING (TASK 1) 9 ACTIVITIES 4 AND 5 SITE ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL AND SITE EVALUATION (TASK 2) 10 ACTIVITY 6 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS (TASK 3) 13 ACTIVITY 7 SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS MODEL (TASK 3) 14 ACTIVITY 8 FINANCIAL PLAN AND PROJECT FINANCE RECOMMENDATIONS (TASK 3) 15 ACTIVITY 9 REGULATORY REVIEW (TASK 4) 16 ACTIVITY 10 ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS AND PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (TASK 5) 17 ACTIVITY 11 INDICATOR REPORT 19 ACTIVITY 12 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (TASK 6) 19 ACTIVITY 13 FINAL REPORT AND WORKSHOP (TASK 7) 21 IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES 21 KEY STAFF AND EXPERTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION 23 ANTICIPATED RISKS AND MITIGATION STRATEGY 24 ANNEX I: ANTICIPATED WORK PROGRESS SCHEDULE (REVISED) 25 ANNEX II: LIST OF EATON TOWER SITES AND LOCATIONS 26 ANNEX III: MONITORING & EVALUATION PLAN 29 INTRODUCTION 29 OUTLINE OF MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING PLAN 29 PROJECT OVERVIEW 29 PROJECT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK 30 PROJECT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK 30

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MONITORING PLAN 31 PERFORMANCE MONITORING 31 CONTEXT MONITORING 31 DATA MANAGEMENT 32 DATA COLLECTION 32 DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE 32 DATA CONTROL AND STORAGE 33 DATA ANALYSIS AND USE 33 ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND SCHEDULE 33 SCHEDULE OF MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING REPORTS TO USAID 34 INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS 35 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS 38

TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1. List of Niger MGFS Project Counterparts ...... 2 Figure 2. Project Management Chart ...... 4 Figure 3. Deliverable Schedule to USAID ...... 5 Figure 4. Map of Initial Site Locations ...... 10 Figure 5. List of 69 Targeted Telecom Tower Sites (See Annex II) ...... 11 Figure 6. Illustrative Site Visit Schedule, Project Month 4 ...... 13 Figure 7. Stages of the Economic Analysis ...... 13 Figure 8. Elements to be Examine in the Regulatory Review ...... 16 Figure 9. Preliminary ESIA ...... 18 Figure 10. Implementation Plan Elements and Outputs ...... 20 Figure 11. Anticipated International Travel Schedule ...... 22 Figure 12. Key Staff and Experts ...... 23 Figure 13. Anticipated Risks and Mitigation Strategy ...... 24

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ACRONYMS AFD Agence Française de Développement AfDB African Development Bank AMDA African Mini-Grid Developers Association ANPER L’Agence Nigérienne pour la Promotion de l`Electrification Rurale BADEA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa BEEEI Bureau d'Evaluation Environnementale et des Etudes d'Impact EPC Engineering, Procurement and Construction ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESS Environmental Social Safeguards ETOA Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment FADD Abu Dhabi Fund for Economic Development FEED_Consult Firme d’Expertise en Environnement et Développement Consult GIMAFOR Groupe d’ingénierie, de Management, de Formation et de Recherche GoN Government of Niger GCA Grid Connection Agreement GIS Geographic Information Systems GMG Green Mini-Grid GPRS General Packet Radio Service IFC International Finance Corporation IFI International finance institution IGC Inter-Governmental Council IsDB Islamic Development Bank KFAED Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development LEC Lead Engagement Coordinator LE Lead Engineer MGFS Mini-Grid Feasibility Study MOE Ministry of Environment MOEP Ministry of Energy and Petroleum O&M Operations and Maintenance OPIC Overseas Private Investment Corporation PAYGO Pay-as-you-go PGRE PowerGen Renewable Energy PIRS Performance Indicator Reference Sheet PPA Power Purchase Agreement PPIAF Public Private Partnership Advisory Facility PPP Public private Partnership PV Photo-voltaic RE Renewable energy RSO Regional Security Officer SDF Saudi Fund for Development SSA Sub Saharan Africa TO Task Order USAID United States Agency for International Development USTDA United States Trade and Development Agency WB World Bank

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INTRODUCTION

PROJECT BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW As a Least Developed Country, Niger faces a number of development challenges that limit economic opportunities, exacerbate extreme poverty, and negatively impact health and social outcomes. One driver of poverty is poor and unreliable access to energy, with the current access rate to electricity standing at less than 12%, with rural electrification rates under 1%. Niger has an ambitious target to reach universal access by 2035, and to do so will require significant participation by the private sector, improvements in the regulatory environment, exceptional coordination and support from the international donor community.

In support of the universal access goal, on December 19, 2018, USAID Power Africa awarded Task Order number 720-674-19-F-00002 under the Power Africa IDIQ to a consortium led by ECODIT LLC to implement the Niger Mini-Grid Feasibility Study Project (MGFS).

This program was developed jointly by USAID Power Africa and the Nigerien Agence Nigerienne pour la Promotion de l`Electrification Rurale (ANPER) to conduct a feasibility study on approximately 69 mini-grid sites that could potentially support modern energy access for nearly 100 villages in rural locations. These mini-grids could potentially help electrify around 20,700 households, and would leverage existing telecommunication towers operated by Eaton Towers as ‘anchor tenets.’ By working with Eaton Towers, these mini-grids can establish a reliable demand load and reliable a power off-taker, helping to make the projects more bankable and more financially feasible.

Over the 18-month project implementation, ECODIT will conduct a series of sequential activities to establish the technical and financial feasibility of the mini-grid locations in an effort to provide ANPER with a complete set of documents as inputs to their own tendering process (assuming their own due diligence and recognizing the ECODIT documents are not to be relied on solely to attract investments) so these sites can be funded by other international donors, the private sector, and public sources of funding. The technical studies will be described in greater detail below, but will include a detailed site analysis, technical profiles/design, economic analysis, business model recommendations, regulatory analysis, and environmental and social impact assessments. All analyses will be developed utilizing best available practices and ECODIT will provide ANPER necessary trainings at the project close to ensure that they have critical inputs for their tender process for project funding. This Work Plan has been developed to complete feasibility studies for 69 mini-grid sites, determine which are feasible and describe associated business models, and enable ANPER to obtain funding for these sites.

PERFORMANCE PERIOD In accordance with Task Order requirements, the Niger MGFS Project started implementing its activities on January 2, 2019, and has an 18-month period of performance, with the anticipated project close date on July 2, 2020. This workplan covers the entire period of performance for the project and will guide all activities through the life of the project.

1 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 1. List of Niger MGFS Project Counterparts

LIST OF NIGER MINI-GRID FEASIBILITY PROJECT COUNTERPARTS

REPRESENTATIVES IN MAIN AREAS OF STAKEHOLDER ACRONYM CHARGE COOPERATION

Provide data on telecom tower L’Agence Nigérienne pour sites. Inform ECODIT of capacity la Promotion de ANPER Hamidine Salouhou, Director building needs for the project and l`Electrification Rurale General the feasibility study final documents for tendering.

Laouali Adamou, Provide data on telecom towers Eaton Towers President/Director General sites and input on needs for mini- Adamou Adamou, Operations grid structure to work. Director

Bureau d'Evaluation Provide information on Nigerien Environnementale et des BEEEI environmental standards and Etudes d'Impact regulations.

Ministry of Environment MOE Provide information on relevant Nigerien regulations.

Ministry of Energy and MOEP Provide information on relevant Petroleum Nigerien regulations.

Félicien ROQUET, Chargé de Provide input on the feasibility Agence Française de Projets|Energie et study needs to run a successful Développement AFD Environnement tender operation for the mini- Chargé de Communication grids.

Provide input on the feasibility study needs to run a successful Islamic Development Bank IsDB tender operation for the mini- grids.

Affouda Leon Biaou Provide input on the feasibility Senior Energy Specialist World Bank WB study needs to run a successful Africa Energy Practice tender operation for the mini- World Bank Group grids.

Nouridine Kane Provide input on the feasibility African Development Bank AfDB Resident Representative study needs to run a successful tender operation for the mini- AfDB, Niger grids.

2 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Provide input on the feasibility Overseas Private study needs to run a successful Investment Corporation OPIC tender operation for the mini- grids.

Provide input on the feasibility Arab Bank for Economic study needs to run a successful Development in Africa BADEA tender operation for the mini- grids.

Provide input on the feasibility Abu Dhabi Fund for FADD study needs to run a successful Economic Development tender operation for the mini- grids.

Provide input on the feasibility Kuwait Fund for Arab KFAED study needs to run a successful Economic Development tender operation for the mini- grids.

Provide input on the feasibility Saudi Fund for study needs to run a successful Development SDF tender operation for the mini- grids.

MAISHAROU Balla Mamane Provide inputs on technical Nigelec Nigelec COORDONNATEUR standards to apply for mini-grid CELLULE GRANDS PROJETS development

Provide technical assistance Maman Bachir Aboubacar regarding the Preliminary FEED_Consult FEED Cheffou, Director General Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Environmental Social Safeguards.

Emily McAteer, Co- Provide Odyssey software Founder/CEO platform for feasibility studies and Odyssey Energy Solutions Odyssey tailor it to the needs of the project and ANPER.

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

CONTRACTING AUTHORITY The Contracting Authority for the Niger MGFS is USAID/Southern Africa, and the Task Order is managed by the USAID Contracting Officer’s Representative (TOCOR) and the Alternate-TOCOR, both based in Pretoria, South Africa.

PROJECT COUNTERPARTS Under the Niger MGFS, ECODIT will work in close coordination with a number of counterparts and stakeholders for the successful implementation of this activity. ECODIT will take technical direction from USAID. As the primary beneficiary of the feasibility studies is ANPER, ECODIT will establish a

3 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV strong relationship with the Ministerial counterpart to ensure program buy-in from day one. All relevant counterparts and stakeholders are illustrated in Figure 1.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM The Niger MGFS Project is implemented by a consortium of partners led by ECODIT, and under the direction of the Lead Engagement Coordinator (LEC), Paul Nickson. The primary point of contact for USAID is the Home Office Project Manager, Paul Burman, who will coordinate closely with the LEC for the successful technical and operational management of this project. The LEC will oversee the Lead Engineer (LE), Henri Boyé, and the Senior Transaction Advisor, Barry Schaefer, for technical implementation. The LEC will also oversee all subcontractors in coordination with the LE, PowerGen RE (PGRE), SNV, FEED_Consult, and Odyssey, as described in the following sections.

ECODIT, the LEC, and the LE will work closely with USAID Power Africa Contracting Officer Representative (COR) for technical direction, and with Power Africa and ANPER for guidance on program implementation. It should also be noted that given the nature of the work requested – feasibility studies for mini-grid sites – ECODIT will need to exercise significant professional judgement to ensure this program is delivered on time and as originally envisioned by USAID (informed by ANPER). Accordingly, and as required by the contract, ECODIT will hold bi-weekly check-in calls with USAID to ensure successful program implementation. A Program Management Chart is provided below in Exhibit 3 with the key internal actors.

Figure 2. Project Management Chart

DELIVERABLES TO CONTRACTING AUTHORITY The updated schedule of deliverables to USAID is shown in Figure 3, with the far right-hand column indicating the anticipated completion status of each deliverable.

4 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 3. Deliverable Schedule to USAID

DELIVERABLE SCHEDULE TO USAID

PROJECT PHASES DELIVERABLE SCHEDULE

PERIOD START END DELIVERABLES CALENDAR DUE COMPLETION YEAR DATE STATUS

Project Period January 14, Bi-Weekly Bi-weekly of 2019 July 2, 2020 Progress 2019 - 2020 on Friday’s Performance Reports

Preliminary Data Jan. Collection

M&E Plan Jan. January 2, Inception March 30, 2019 Period 2019 2019 Marking and √ Branding Plan Jan.

Security Plan Feb. √

DELIVERABLE SCHEDULE TO USAID

PROJECT PHASES DELIVERABLE SCHEDULE

Work Plan Feb.

Kick Off Meeting and Report Mar.

Site Assessment Mar. Protocol Set 1: Apr. Set 2: Site Evaluations (Apr – May July) (conducted in sets of 17/18 sites) Set 3: June Set 4: July Data Collection April 1, Jan. 31, 2020 2019 - Set 1: & Analysis 2019 2020 July Set 2: Economic & Financial Aug. Analysis (July – Oct) Set 3: (conducted in sets of 17/18 sites) Sept. Set 4: Oct.

5 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Business Model Report Nov.

Jan. Financial Plan 2020

Legal & Reg. Review Feb. Report Environ. & Feb 1, Feb 28, 2020 Env. Social Safeguards Feb. Regulatory 2020 2020 Analyses

Prelim. Env. Impact Feb. Assessment

Indicator Report Mar

Implementation Plan Apr. Final Reporting Mar. 1, and 2020 July 2, 2020 2020 Implementation Final Report May

Final Workshop June

CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS A critical assumption for the implementation of the Niger MGFS project is that the security situation in- country remains manageable across 69 sites in country. Deteriorations to the security situation may lead to delays in accessing or even cancellation of work in certain sites in Niger, which could have cascading impacts on program implementation and timelines. ECODIT will keep USAID Power Africa appraised of any security concerns.

DETAILED LIST OF ACTIVITIES FOR WORK PLAN 3

LIST OF ACTIVITIES The current Work Plan reflects the required deliverables and outputs for the development of mini-grid feasibility studies in Niger. Work Plan activities are listed sequentially, and include the following:

1. Preliminary Data Collection (including GIS Map, compilation of available data, list of data that requires collection, collection plan) 2. Work Plan 3. Kick Off Meeting + Report 4. Site Assessment Protocol 5. Site Evaluations (69 sites, to include: demand assessments, preliminary energy system design, distribution grid design, technical assessment) 6. Economic Analysis 7. Business Model Report 8. Financial Plan 9. Legal & Regulatory Review Report 10. Environmental and Social Safeguards & Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment 11. Indicator Report 12. Implementation Plan 13. Final Report & Workshop

6 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Detailed descriptions of the above activities follow below.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES The objective of all proposed activities is to support increased energy access to rural and underserved communities in Niger. All documents developed for the mini-grid feasibility studies need to be consistent with known tender processes for other donors to allow the project beneficiary, ANPER, to quickly take these materials, conduct their own due diligence, and obtain financing for these new connections.

The Component activities are split into relatively sequential phases, starting with initial activities (1-3) for planning and coordination, then technical analysis and data collection (4-6), advising and reporting (7- 11), and finally implementation planning and training (12 & 13). The Work Plan activities are listed in detail below.

ACTIVITY 1 PRELIMINARY DATA COLLECTION (TASK 1) Action Preliminary data collection and analysis will ensure efficient, cost-effective execution of the Study, beginning with site selection. ECODIT’s Lead Engagement Coordinator (LEC), Mr. Paul Nickson, and Lead Engineer (LE), Mr. Henri Boyé (see Section 3) will collaborate with ANPER, USAID Power Africa, and select relevant stakeholders to lead key Preliminary Data Collection actions and prepare the report and GIS Map for this subtask.

Eaton Towers will provide ECODIT with GIS coordinates for each of the 69 sites, showing the location, number of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) tenants, and energy needs of each telecom tower. Using remote sensing images (e.g., Google Earth), we will overlay these telecom GIS maps with spatial maps showing nearby villages, and estimate distances to the nearby telecom tower. We will work with ANPER or other government agencies, and count buildings depicted on remote sensing images as necessary to develop rough estimates of population and energy demand for each village. Our team will work with ANPER to develop a list of pre-eligibility criteria for site selection that are adapted to the Nigerien context, drawing on standard site eligibility criteria used by PGRE (PGRE) extensively in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). PGRE will apply proprietary GIS-based algorithms to identify outlier sites that could be eliminated from the Study for failing to meet pre-eligibility criteria (e.g., telecom tower proximity to the nearest village). We will discuss these criteria and the resulting list of excluded sites with ANPER and USAID and present them at the Kick-Off Meeting to finalize the site selection.

We will identify additional data needs and develop a plan for collecting these data with dates, responsibilities, and likely sources of the data. Additional data needs may include the following:

• Data on current sources of energy used • Data on energy costs, willingness to pay by consumer category/type • Existing mini-grid designs/plans • Any pre-feasibility documents • Any existing security assessments • Investment licenses • Any preliminary logistical studies

7 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV • Drafts of any project documents • Preliminary environmental assessments • Mobile money transaction records Finally, we will develop a list of considerations for designing the business model and financing of the mini-grids, including software tool(s) that we propose to use and potential sources of grants, debt, and equity for financing implementation, to be discussed with ANPER and USAID and presented to stakeholders during the Kick-Off Meeting.

Milestones and Deliverables The deliverable for Activity 1 will be a Preliminary Data Collection Report package that includes: a GIS Map, a compilation of available data, a list of data that requires collection, and a data collection plan that will inform the development of the workplan and the site assessment protocol.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers ECODIT Key Personnel will lead this task with inputs from partners PGRE and SNV. Key Stakeholders include: ANPER, Eaton Towers, USAID Power Africa, other select Government of Niger (GoN) and development partners.

Timing Implementation of Activity 1 will be launched in January 2019 and will be concluded no later than February 2019.

ACTIVITY 2 WORK PLAN (TASK 1) Action The LEC will assume primary responsibility for the preparation of a more detailed Draft Work Plan, informed by team members’ inputs in line with their core capabilities and roles for the Study, as well as initial discussions with USAID, ANPER, and other stakeholders.

With the assistance of ANPER and USAID, we will arrange and conduct meetings to discuss the findings from the preliminary data collection, and the objectives, timeline, and roles and responsibilities for the Study with relevant stakeholders including, but not limited to Eaton Towers, the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum (MOEP), potential local partners, and local representatives from Agence Française de Développement (AFD), the World Bank (WB), and the African Development Bank (AfDB), the Islamic Development Bank (IDB), the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (Badea), the Bank of Africa ECOWAS Investment and Development Bank (EBID), the West African Development Bank (BOAD), the OPEC Fund for International Development (OFID), the Abu Dhabi Fund for Economic Development (FADD), the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development (KFAED), the Saudi Fund for Development (SDF), among others – in addition to meetings with USAID and ANPER. ECODIT will work with USAID and ANPER to determine possible time windows for conducting these meetings that would allow for substantive stakeholder inputs and feedback, sufficient time for the project team to finalize materials for presentation and discussion at the Kick-Off Meeting, and a wise use of budgeted travel funds.

Based on the feedback received at these meetings, and our own analysis of the preliminary data collection results, we will prepare a Work Plan, with a detailed approach, methodology, and schedule

8 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV for all Study activities, milestones, and deliverables. The Work Plan also will describe the roles and responsibilities for the Study, our plan for meetings and site visits, and the final list of Sites. It will outline a site survey plan and methodology, including data collection instruments and a communication plan for the site visits, which will be detailed as part of the Site Assessment Protocol (Task 2). The Work Plan will build on, update, and expand this Draft Work Plan presented in this document here, and include a Gantt chart using project management software such as Microsoft Project.

Milestones and Deliverables The deliverable for Activity 2 will be a draft and final Work Plan that have been reviewed by USAID and presented to ANPER and other stakeholders for comments, feedback, and buy-in.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers ECODIT Key Personnel will lead this task with inputs from partners PGRE, SNV, and FEED_ Consult. Key Stakeholders include: ANPER, Eaton Towers, USAID, other select GoN and development partners.

Timing Implementation of Activity 2 will start in January 2019, with a draft Work Plan ready for USAID’s initial review by mid-late January. The Work Plan will be completed for final approval after feedback from local stakeholders during Activity 3, Kick-Off Meeting.

ACTIVITY 3 KICK-OFF MEETING (TASK 1) Action The Kick-Off Meeting in with ANPER, the Power Africa team, and up to 50 representatives of government, private sector and development partners will be critical to validating key aspects of the Work Plan and to achieve a “meeting of the minds” on the Study. Deliverables and lead implementing partners (personnel) are presented in Figure 3.

ECODIT will coordinate with ANPER on appropriate meeting content and will prepare an invitation, agenda, handouts, and presentation materials, and print materials for all attendees. We assume that ANPER will help identify and provide the venue, and issue the invitations to the Meeting. SNV will provide on-the-ground coordination and logistical support, including on refreshments/ lunch/light snack. Facilitated by the LEC and LE (both of whom speak and write in French) and with the participation of our implementing partners project managers, the meeting will allow for useful interactions among participants and maximize constructive discussions that will inform the finalization of the Work Plan. We will develop comprehensive and visually appealing materials, particularly for the proposed/selected sites, and will place a premium on accurate documentation of meeting proceedings and record keeping of all meeting materials.

In particular, we will present the results of our preliminary data collection and site selection based on pre-eligibility criteria. The final list of selected sites will flag sites located in volatile geographic areas that pose a threat to either foreign or local workers.

ECODIT will prepare a meeting report within one week of meeting completion, and coordinate with ANPER on an appropriate dissemination strategy, including to stakeholders who did not attend. Based

9 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV on ANPER inputs and the outputs of the Kick-Off Meeting, ECODIT will revise the Work Plan for the feasibility study and submit a Final Work Plan for the approval of the Power Africa Coordinator’s Office.

Milestones and Deliverables The milestone for Activity 3 will be the Kick-Off Meeting itself, which we expect to attract up to 50 representatives from ANPER, USAID, the private sector, and other development partners. The deliverable for this activity will be the meeting report and the revised/finalized Work Plan.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers ECODIT Key Personnel and Project Managers will lead this task with inputs from partners PGRE, SNV and FEED_Consult. Key Stakeholders include: ANPER, Eaton Towers, USAID, other select GoN and development partners.

Timing Implementation of Activity 3 will take place in March 2019, with the event itself likely taking place on March 26, 2019.

ACTIVITIES 4 AND 5 SITE ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL AND SITE EVALUATION (TASK 2) Action Leveraging PGRE’s experience working on mini-grids in Tanzania and Kenya, our team will impart best practices for the Site Assessment Technical Analysis. ECODIT’s LE, Mr. Henri Boyé, will direct and oversee all Task 2 activities. Under his supervision, PGRE, SNV, and FEED_Consult will collaboratively develop the Site Assessment Protocol and train all surveyors / enumerators, who will be hired and managed by SNV (or FEED_Consult for environmental aspects). SNV will conduct most of the local data collection work, by recruiting and hiring the surveyors. PGRE will lead all Site Evaluation tasks (designs and technical assessment).

Figure 4. Map of Initial Site Locations

10 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 5. List of 69 Targeted Telecom Tower Sites (See Annex II)

Site Assessment Protocol: We will begin by developing a Site Assessment Protocol that provides guidelines for community engagement in the target villages. Following the principles outlined in the Quality Assurance Framework for Mini-Grids1, PGRE will provide the technical data needs for the site evaluations and our local partners, SNV and FEED_Consult, will provide local insights and knowledge to develop acceptable approaches for surveying local communities for the purposes of collecting these technical and other socio-economic data. SNV and FEED_Consult will test the site Assessment protocol in a handful of villages before it is finalized in consultation with ANPER. PGRE then will train the surveyors / enumerators, who will be sourced, deployed, and managed by SNV to survey communities and collect data in the field using the final Site Assessment Protocol. All data collection will be done via tablets with pre-loaded surveys developed as part of PGRE’s standard mini-grid development toolkit, adapted specifically for Niger. Site Evaluation: We will verify the quality of the data collected by triangulating where possible, comparing to similar situations in SSA. PGRE will then upload the raw data into the Odyssey platform, which we propose to use as a tested tool for conducting many of the analyses required for the Site Evaluation, as outlined below: Demand Forecasting • Mapping of Cluster Villages: We will complete the initial GIS work done under Subtask 1.1, using the 10-year forecasts based on limited latest data from the field surveys and other sources. consumption data will have very high We will delineate clusters of villages as a first step uncertainty, even using industry best towards sizing the mini-grid(s) for each telecom practices. To mitigate this risk, we will manage expectations with ANPER for the tower. reliability of the demand forecasts and will • Demand Assessment: We will apply multiple conduct sensitivity analyses of the results. approaches to assess and forecast demand, including

1 See NREL report for more information on the Framework (Bearing-Gould, Burman, Singh, & Esterly – 2016). The report provides frameworks for levels of service based on a standard set of tiers for end users, and also provides linkages between power quality, availability, and reliability. The Framework also provides a process for validating, monitoring, and evaluating power delivered to consumers. Report available at: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/67374.pdf

11 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV proprietary machine learning models and industry standard energy modeling software, while mitigating for risks (see text box). • Preliminary Energy System Design: Under the supervision of Mr. Boyé, PGRE’s engineering team will develop preliminary power system designs for each site. • Distribution Grid Design: For each site, PGRE’s engineering team will develop designs for the distribution grid system and the transmission line to the telecom tower. • Technical Assessment: Mr. Boyé will work with PGRE and SNV to map all technically enabling systems that are required for smart-metering enabled mini-grid deployment.

Milestones and Deliverables Two deliverables will be produced under this activity, including a Site Assessment Protocol and Site Evaluations of the 69 sites. The Site Evaluations will include for each site a GIS Mapping of Cluster Villages, Demand Assessment, Preliminary Energy System Design, Distribution Grid Design, and a Technical Assessment.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, USAID, Ministry of Energy, local leaders, Eaton Towers, NIGELEC, social inclusion NGOs.

Lead Implementers: The Lead Engineer will oversee all activities under this task and will coordinate subcontracts and enumerators. PGRE will design the site assessment protocols, with SNV providing a team of enumerators (at least 6) that can work simultaneously to travel and collect data. FEED_Consult will participate for environmental assessments, and Odyssey will develop a software tool for data input and analysis.

Timing The Site Assessment Protocol is expected to be completed in project month 4, with site evaluations to be completed over project months 4 – 7, with about 17 site assessments completed per month. Below is an example of an initial travel schedule for month 4 as an illustration. Actual travel scheduled will be developed in consultation with USAID, ANPER, SNV (who will provide enumerators), PGRE, the LEC, and the LE, and will be informed by the Preliminary Data Collection. A GANTT Chart is also provided in Annex I for additional information on timing of these activities.

12 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 6. Illustrative Site Visit Schedule, Project Month 4

Number of May Regions MG Sites Days/sit W2 W3 W4 W5 Backbone 0 Gongaberi 1 N°4 Gofo 1 N°8 Lido 2 N°9 Koutoumbou 2 N°10 2 N°5 Dosso Wazey 3 N°6 Lo uma 3 3 Fadama 3 N°7 Boki 3 N°3 Dantchiandou 3 ACTIVITY 6 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS (TASK 3) Action Our LEC, Mr. Paul Nickson, will lead, supervise, and review the economic and financial analyses, which will be conducted with significant contributions or support from PGRE using the Odyssey Energy platform.

Under Mr. Nickson’s leadership and supervision, PGRE will conduct an economic analysis of each site that passes the technical feasibility stage of the study. Drawing on its experience procuring, building, and operating mini-grids in SSA, PGRE will apply real-world pricing to each proposed installation, then model the lifetime unit economics of each site using Odyssey and other tools as appropriate. The result will indicate the economic feasibility of each site and inform the financing plan for the entire portfolio of sites. We will conduct the economic analysis in three primary stages (see Figure 7).

Figure 7. Stages of the Economic Analysis

STAGES OF THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

STAGE APPROACH AND OUTCOME

1 Site-Level Economic We will develop a model specific to Niger drawing on the demand assessment Model and customer willingness to pay data acquired in Task 2 to estimate potential revenues from each installation. CAPEX estimates will include all typical components of generation, distribution, and payments infrastructure, and will be determined using a combination of industry standard modeling software and best practices. OPEX will include direct maintenance and customer service costs of the system, as well as on-going data or software licensing required to manage and optimize mini-grids remotely.

2 Cost and Revenue We will evaluate and model how factors like weather, climate, seasonality, Sensitivity Analyses regional political stability, national grid extension, or the economic health of Eaton Towers may impact the economic viability of sites, including the Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Modeling will be done by PowerGen utilizing a number of tools, including proprietary modeling techniques to forecast demand and

13 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Homer Energy Software to model engineering and economic aspects of mini- grid development.

3 Portfolio-Level Economic conditions across can vary widely across sites. In some cases, the Economic Analysis OPEX required for an individual site may deem that site economically infeasible. However, when that same site, with the same OPEX requirements is part of a cluster of mini-grids, some of the fixed O&M costs can be spread across multiple sites, improving the economic feasibility of all sites. PGRE will screen sites using its own O&M strategies to evaluate how aggregating sites impacts the economic viability at a portfolio level.

The unit economic model and sensitivity analyses will inform the recommended business model. Portfolio-level analyses will be conducted to create a Financing Plan that could unlock access to large- ticket capital markets imperative to achieving energy access at scale. Milestones and Deliverables Economic Analysis completed for all 69 sites.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, USAID, Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), Ex-Im Bank, World Bank, AFD, Islamic Development Bank, AfDB, BOAD, Eaton Towers, Orange, local and international financing institutions (IFIs).

Lead Implementors: Lead Engagement Coordinator, PGRE utilizing Odyssey Platform.

Timing Economic analyses are expected to be started around project month 5 and will be completed around project month 8. Data collected under the site evaluation activities will also include economic indicators that can be used for economic evaluations.

ACTIVITY 7 SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS MODEL (TASK 3) Action In evaluating possible sustainable business models, our LEC (Mr. Nickson) and Senior Transaction Advisor, Dr. Barry Schaeffer, will collaborate with PGRE to examine the most important factors that will help identify a model that works best for ANPER and the people of Niger. Our team will consider such key questions as:

• Which mini-grid business models have been most successful in moving toward meaningful scale in African markets? Does the context of that success align with the reality in Niger? • What is the role of low-cost, long tenor finance, primarily from IFIs in accelerating the growth of a competitive private sector? • How can ANPER create support tariff structures that protect consumers and accelerate energy infrastructure deployment? • How can the GoN de-risk the business environment in Niger to attract foreign investors? If information is available, draw on lessons learned from NESAP or ECREEE in their mini-grid development activities.

14 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV • What type of government and/or donor subsidies will ANPER deploy to ensure the viability of projects?

Mr. Nickson will lead the development of the Business Model Report, which will explore private, public- private, public and cooperative approaches to rural electrification (in the target sites). PGRE will help highlight case studies from countries like Uganda, Tanzania, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone, which have all taken different approaches toward ownership of generation, distribution, and operation of mini-grids. The Business Model Report will discuss the pros and cons of each ownership structure considered and examine value propositions for mini-grids at the selected sites. Ultimately, ECODIT will recommend a clear set of business models that will work best in Niger. The Business Model Report will be reviewed by Dr. Schaeffer before it is finalized to ensure that we clearly demonstrate how each option may affect the potential for the project to attract/obtain financing, inform the Regulatory Review (Task 4), and identify any additional government policies needed to support a sustainable business model for the project.

Milestones and Deliverables A business model report will be developed under this activity.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, USAID, African Mini-grid Developers Association (AMDA), local and international financing institutions (IFIs).

Lead Implementers: Lead Engagement Coordinator and the Senior Transaction Advisor lead, with support from PGRE.

Timing The Business Model Report is expected to be delivered around project month 10.

ACTIVITY 8 FINANCIAL PLAN AND PROJECT FINANCE RECOMMENDATIONS (TASK 3) Action Mr. Nickson will work with PGRE to build a Financial Plan (using the Odyssey platform) that directly addresses the unique challenges that ANPER will face when sourcing capital to implement the project. Without clear funding in place, mini-grid developers are unlikely to enter Niger. Therefore, we will build the Financial Plan to include incentives from the GoN to advance project development, and a blended capital stack of concessional equity, debt, and grants.

We will contribute a practical perspective to the Financial Plan, leveraging strong experience in public- private partnerships (PPPs) for energy projects in Africa (see Section 3) and PGRE’s experience raising approximately $10M in project finance and corporate equity for its own mini-grid portfolio and business. We will present the final Financial Plan to ANPER, including options for U.S. sources of debt and equity, grants and both private and multilateral financing.

15 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Milestones and Deliverables A Financial Plan will be developed for delivery to ANPER.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, USAID, ARSE, Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), Ex-Im Bank, local and international financing institutions (IFIs).

Lead Implementers: Lead Engagement Coordinator leads, inputs from PGRE and Odyssey.

Timing The Financial Plan is expected to be delivered around project month 11.

ACTIVITY 9 REGULATORY REVIEW (TASK 4) Action Drawing on the analysis in the Business Model Report, leveraging Power Africa’s Beyond the Grid experiences in other countries, such as Kenya and Tanzania, and working collaboratively with ANPER and other GoN stakeholders, ECODIT’s Senior Regulatory Specialist, Ms. Martina Schwartz, will lead a targeted review of Niger’s regulatory framework for mini-grid deployment in close consultation with Power Africa.

Coordinating with SNV on logistics, and with targeted input from PGRE, Ms. Schwartz will engage individuals and businesses, communities, small power producers, ministries, and local governments in Niger to examine challenges facing the elements that Power Africa recognizes as essential to promoting private investment in mini-grids (see Figure 8). Under this activity, Ms. Schwartz will review the proposed mini-grid policy framework that is under production by a SEFA consultant to build upon best practices and concepts.

Figure 8. Elements to be Examine in the Regulatory Review

ELEMENTS TO BE EXAMINED IN THE REGULATORY REVIEW

ELEMENT ILLUSTRATIVE AREAS OF EXAMINATION

1 Technical Standards Do they ensure that mini-grid systems are properly designed, installed and operated to meet minimum safety and performance standards (with focus on generation standards)?

2 Economic Do the rules for setting tariffs when mini-grids sell power to consumers (retail tariffs) or the Regulations central grid (feed-in tariffs), or when they buy power from the central grid (backup tariffs), promote private investment?

3 Contractual Is there a strong, enforceable framework for PPAs to dictate the terms of power sale between Agreements the mini-grid developer and the utility in the event of grid expansion and encroachment? Do they contain an even and fair distribution of risks?

4 Licenses Once a project has demonstrated that it is technically, legally and financially feasible, are the licensing procedures overly-complicated, thus deterring mini-grid development?

16 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV 5 Regulatory Process Are there rules in place to monitor the regulatory process itself, including the procedural aspects of mini-grid development? Are there processes for stakeholder engagement and communication, public/private consultations and timeframes for processing licenses?

6 Standardized Are there standardized PPAs for both grid-connected and off-grid systems to govern the sale Regulatory of electricity between mini-grid operators and buyers? Is there a standardized methodology for Instruments determining feed-in and backup tariffs?

Ms. Schwartz will summarize findings in a Legal and Regulatory Review Report that outlines the regulatory challenges for mini-grids in Niger and proposes changes or additions (with associated timelines) for ANPER to address them. Milestones and Deliverables A Legal and Regulatory Review Report will be developed under this activity.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders include: MOEP, MOE, mini-grid developers and AMDA, local government, ANPER, ARSE, USAID.

Lead Implementers: ECODIT Senior Regulatory Specialist, with inputs from SNV.

Timing The Regulatory Review Report is expected to be delivered project month 12.

ACTIVITY 10 ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS AND PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (TASK 5) Action Led by Ms. Capricia Chabarekh, a French-speaking Environmental Specialist with ECODIT’s Environmental and Social Safeguards (ESS) Team will carry out an ESS study and a preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), coordinating closely with local and international stakeholders.

In preparing the ESS and the ESIA, Ms. Chabarekh will work with The ESIA begins in effect when local partner FEED_Consult to incorporate and analyze relevant surveying the 69 sites, and is findings from Task 2, in particular the Site Assessments (e.g., integrated with the other Site geology of selected sites), and further examine GoN Evaluation tasks in order to minimize the number of visits to each site. requirements and clearances required for mini-grids based on Follow-up visits may be conducted Task 4. For the ESIA, we will focus on the possible environmental on a selective basis where necessary. and social impacts of mini-grid construction that may point to the need for environmental and social review and management. We will conduct a preliminary ESIA across the design, construction/installation, operation, and decommissioning phases of the mini-grids as depicted in Figure 9 below.

17 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 9. Preliminary ESIA

PRELIMINARY ESIA

ACTION APPROACH

1 Baseline Environ. & Conduct a literature review and consult with villagers at the selected sites to prepare targeted Socio-Cultural habitat and environmental characterization for project areas of influence Assessment

2 Rapid Field Surveys Conduct rapid field surveys at selected sites for habitats of flora and fauna with high at Selected Sites biodiversity value, and identify any species with a special international or national conservation status, endemic species, and species that may be at elevated risk

3 Social Impact Focus on the most important social impacts associated with the installation and operation of a Considerations mini-grid, such as public acceptance, job creation, and social benefits. Examine potential impacts on archaeology, historical and cultural heritage. Examine land tenure and property rights and impacts on siting of the mini-grid system

4 Preliminary ESIA Based on Actions 1 to 3, work with ANPER to produce a preliminary ESIA that meets IFC Preparation Performance Standards, GoN (BEEEI) standards, and relevant U.S. financing criteria. Consult with Power Africa representatives from OPIC, ExIm Bank and USAID

Our recommendations/mitigation measures in the ESIA maximize positive potential environmental and social impacts, and minimize any adverse impacts. We will identify potential anticipated impacts, discuss the extent to which adverse impacts can be mitigated and positive impacts strengthened. Throughout this process, we will document when no further investigations are needed (e.g., no significant environmental or social impacts and risks identified, or environmental and social management and monitoring recommendations have been incorporated into project plans). Finally, we will identify steps that ANPER needs to take subsequent to the completion of the Preliminary ESIA, and prior to project implementation, to satisfy any ESIA requirements. We also will make site-specific recommendations to ANPER to meet U.S. and international financing institutions requirements with regard to ESIAs. We will present the Preliminary ESIA to BEEEI, the MOE’s unit responsible for reviewing and approving ESIAs.

Milestones and Deliverables There are two deliverables under this activity, an Environmental and Social Safeguards Study and a preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: MOEP, MOE, Bureau d'Evaluation Environnementale et des Etudes d'Impact (BEEEI), ANPER, villages, U.S and international FIs

Lead Implementers: ECODIT Environmental Specialist and FEED_Consult

Timing Both the ESS and ESIA are expected to be delivered around project month 12.

18 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV ACTIVITY 11 INDICATOR REPORT Action Our LEC will lead the preparation of an Indicator Report using the indicators below, which feed into Power Africa Topline and Additional Indicators: • Number of new projected direct connections expected from mini-grids identified in the feasibility study, disaggregated by residential/household and business/commercial; and • Capacity (megawatts) of expected new mini-grids identified in the Study.

We may propose supplemental indicators, in consultation with Power Africa and ANPER, based on the results of the Technical Assessment of Task 2, most likely to include: • Number of people trained in technical energy fields due to USG assistance.

Milestones and Deliverables An M&E Plan will be developed late in Month 3 of the project, and is attached as an annex. An indicator report will be developed after the assessments have been completed.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Keys Stakeholders: USAID, ANPER, Eaton Towers

Lead Implementers: ECODIT LEC

Timing An Indicator report will be delivered around month 12 of the project.

ACTIVITY 12 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN (TASK 6) Action Incorporating the data collected and lessons learned in previous tasks, the LEC will the lead preparation of a project implementation plan for ANPER, with input from the LE and PGRE.

We will assist ANPER in developing the technical schedules for the PPA, Grid Connection or Supply Agreements, and Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) O&M contracts, and a concession agreement in line with solar industry standards/practices and in compliance with ANPER’s requirements. We also will provide technical schedules and approaches for each site for all items listed in Section C.7 of the solicitation. Mr. Nickson will review the implementation plan with ANPER and Power Africa, making up to two revisions as needed before including it in the Final Report.

19 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 10. Implementation Plan Elements and Outputs

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ELEMENTS AND OUTPUTS

ELEMENT OUTPUT

1 List of licensing, Based on Tasks 4 and 5 outputs, deliver a detailed list of licensing, permitting, legal and permitting, and other regulatory requirements and a process roadmap to obtain each permit and/or authorization, legal/reg. including necessary documentation. requirements

2 Project Budget and Based on Task 3 outputs, deliver a framework financial model for a typical village solar PV Financing Next Steps powered mini-grid.

3 Project Workflow Based on Tasks 2, 3, 4 and 5 outputs, deliver a framework of technical schedules (with and Recommended anticipated work breakdown structures) for the PPA, GCA, EPC, and O&M contracts in line Schedule with industry standards.

4 Environmental & Based on Tasks 4 and 5 outputs, deliver a detailed list of identified environmental and social Social Impacts impacts and a roadmap to obtain each permit and/or authorization, as well as a non-technical summary of the preliminary ESIA for key stakeholders and a project brochure for members of the public.

5 Operations & Based on Task 2 outputs, deliver a framework O&M plan that meets quality procedures and Maintenance Plan compliance with good engineering industry practices.

6 Training Plan Based on Tasks 2, 3, 4 and 5 outputs, identify capacity building needs and develop training plans for ANPER staff and future plant operators, which may include: responsibilities for each contractual party during project development, etc.

7 Tendering Based on Tasks 2, 4 and 5 outputs, make recommendations regarding the structure and content of the tendering process for the Project. Provide notes (based on international best practices) on any existing project tendering documents, including EPC, O&M and GCA, with recommendations for strengthening them.

8 Identification of Based on Task 2, 3, 4 and 5 outputs, deliver a detailed Project Risk Register that identifies and obstacles to full-scale ranks technical, environmental & social, and commercial obstacles to full-scale implementation implementation

9 Risk Mitigation Our detailed Project Risk Register will provide risk mitigation strategies and measures for each Strategies obstacle identified.

Milestones and Deliverables An Implementation Plan will be developed, and will include all raw data and summaries, work performed, and analysis conducted.

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, Eaton Towers, potential developers, USAID

Lead Implementers: Lead Engagement Coordinator and Lead Engineer, with input from PGRE

Timing The Implementation Plan is expected to be completed around project month 15.

20 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV ACTIVITY 13 FINAL REPORT AND WORKSHOP (TASK 7) Action The Lead Engagement Coordinator will lead the compilation and consolidation of all reports and deliverables in the previous tasks into a comprehensive, streamlined Final Report. The Final Report will contain an Executive Summary and be prepared in accordance with Section C.8 of the solicitation. We then will work with ANPER to organize and conduct a two-day training workshop for ANPER staff on tools developed and used in the course of the Study and executable on MS Office Package, followed immediately by a one-day Final Workshop with up to 40 attendees to present the Final Report. If interested, ANPER may also seek support to set up a custom portal using Odyssey to do all the tendering that comes after the feasibility analysis (beyond the scope of this Study).

Milestones and Deliverables Two deliverables will be completed under this activity:

• A programmatic final report will be developed • A final 2-day workshop will be delivered in Niamey for ANPER Staff • A final 1-day workshop will be delivered in Niamey to present the final report to ANPER and key stakeholders

Key Stakeholders and Lead Implementers Key Stakeholders: ANPER, USAID, ARSE, MoEP. ANPER staff for training Workshop, up to 40 attendees for Final Workshop

Lead Implementers: Lead Engagement Coordinator, Lead Engineer, PGRE, SNV and FEED_Consult

Timing The final report will be delivered in project month 17, and the final workshop will be delivered in project month 18.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES Significant international travel is expected under the Niger MGFS project, as ECODIT will not have a project office in Niger. SNV and FEED_Consult are the firms in the consortium with an on the ground presence in Niger, and many high-level technical activities are expected to take place while on mission or remotely. An anticipated travel schedule is suggested below in Exhibit 5, but will be subject potentially significant variation based on project implementation realities, and will be revisited regularly with the TOCOR.

21 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Figure 11. Anticipated International Travel Schedule

PROJECT INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL

TRAVELER NAME ACTIVITY/ DESCRIPTION DATE

Paul Nickson, Lead Initial data collection and stakeholder meetings with ANPER, Eaton Engagement Towers, USAID, World Bank, and others in consultation with ANPER. Feb, 17 – 22, 2019 Coordinator

Paul Burman, Home Initial data collection and stakeholder meetings with ANPER, Eaton Office Project Towers, USAID, World Bank, and others in consultation with ANPER. Feb. 17 – 22, 2019 Manager

Participate in Kick-Off Meeting. Meeting with ANPER, Eaton, USAID, Joseph Karam, World Bank, and other executive stakeholders. Mar. 23 -26, 2019 ECODIT President

Participate in Kick-off Meeting. Support enumerator training and initial Henri Boyé, Lead Mar. 21- Apr. 4, 2019 Engineer site enumerations. Conduct meetings with stakeholders

Paul Burman, Home Coordinate and participate in Kick-off Meeting. Office Project Mar. 23 - 28, 2019 Manager

Participate in Kick-off Meeting. Conduct initial meetings with SNV Frank Bergh, PGRE regarding the training of enumerators. Mar. 25 - 30, 2019

Participate in Kick-off Meeting. Lead training of enumerators. Brian Jaoko, PGRE Mar 25 – Apr. 1, 2019

Participate in Kick-off Meeting. Meetings with stakeholders Paul Nickson, LEC Mar. 21 - 30, 2019

Meet with stakeholders for the development of the Economic Analysis. Paul Nickson, LEC June 1-5, 2019

Meet with stakeholders for the development of the Economic Analysis. Henri Boyé, LE June 1-5, 2019

Work with the Senior Regulatory Expert to meet with local Paul Nickson, LEC stakeholders for the Legal and Regulatory Review. Nov. 3-6, 2019

Martina Schwartz, Lead the Legal and Regulatory Review. Meet with relevant Senior Regulatory stakeholders at GON and ANPER. Nov. 3-7, 2019 Expert

Capricia Chabarekh, Working with local partner FEED_Consult, provide technical Senior Environmental leadership of the development of the Environmental Social Safeguards Dec. 3 – 14, 2019 Specialist and Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.

22 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV PROJECT INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL

TRAVELER NAME ACTIVITY/ DESCRIPTION DATE

Working with local partner FEED_Consult and the Senior Environmental Specialist on the development of the Environmental Dec. 3-7, 2019 Paul Nickson, LEC Social Safeguards and Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.

Paul Burman, Home Participate in Final Workshop. Office Project May 15-19, 2020 Manager

Participate in Final Workshop. Coordinate training of ANPER. Teresa Paterson, May 15-19, 2020 Project Assistant

Participate in Final Workshop. Conduct training of ANPER. Henri Boyé, LE May 15-19, 2020

Participate in Final Workshop. Conduct training of ANPER. Paul Nickson, LEC May 15-19, 2020

Participate in Final Workshop. Conduct training of ANPER. Frank Bergh. PGRE May 15-19, 2020

Participate in Final Workshop. Conduct training of ANPER. Emily McAteer, May 15-19, 2019 Odyssey

KEY STAFF AND EXPERTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION Below is a list of Niger MGFS Key Staff and experts required for the technical implementation of this program with a brief description of their technical areas or responsibility.

Figure 12. Key Staff and Experts

KEY STAFF AND EXPERTS

NAME & ROLE TECHNICAL ACTIVITY SUPPORTING STTA/FIRMS

Paul Nickson, Lead Engagement Project Lead, Overall Program oversight PGRE, SNV, Coordinator, ECODIT, Key Staff FEED_Consult, Odyssey

Henri Boye, Lead Engineer, ECODIT, Key Technical lead for Task 2 activities PGRE, SNV Staff

Moustafa Sowou, Renewable Energy Provide oversight over SNV local staff and ensure SNV Expert, SNV successful logistics coordination and stakeholder engagement

Frank Bergh, Mini-grid Consultant, PGRE Support for Task 2 activities and broad support SNV, Odyssey across other implementation areas

Capricia Chabarekh, Environmental Expert, Task 5 FEED_Consult ECODIT

23 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV Barry Schaefer, Senior Transaction Task 3 PGRE, SNV, Odyssey Advisor, ECODIT

Emily McAteer, CEO, Odyssey Energy Provide and tailor Odyssey software platform PGRE Solutions

Martina Schwartz, Regulatory Expert, Task 4 SNV ECODIT

ANTICIPATED RISKS AND MITIGATION STRATEGY Niger is one of the least developed countries in Africa, and features a number of security, political, business, and technical risks for any activity – particularly one that requires extensive travel to remote and rural areas. A list of anticipated risks and a proposed mitigation strategy is proposed in the figure 13 below. ECODIT will coordinate closely with the RSO and USAID to proactively manage all risks, and inform USAID if these risks materialize so the project schedule and/or activities can be adjusted accordingly.

Figure 13. Anticipated Risks and Mitigation Strategy

ANTICIPATE RISK AND MITIGATION STRATEGY

RISK LEVEL RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY

High We will put in place a Security Plan for the Security and Logistics – Long-distance road travel Study and project personnel will receive can be very dangerous in Niger. There is also security training ahead of deployment to high threat from terrorism. Niger or travel to remote areas.

Medium Network Connectivity (on site) – Poor network All survey tools used have offline connectivity can hamper communication during performance functionality. the on-site data collection processes.

Political and Policy Risks – In the absence of We will foster strong relationships with enabling policy and legislation governing mini- ANPER, MOEP and MOE to be aware of and grids, the will or ability to advance the Study Medium responsive to any impending changes and to may disappear if the government or policy maximize the points of influence that project changes. leadership may have.

Permitting Risk – Performing on-site data Medium We will seek to obtain strong letters of collection surveys may require national or support from the highest levels of the local-level endorsements/permission letters. government before commencing field-based feasibility study work.

Lack of Site-Specific Data –ANPER and/or Eaton With ANPER and USAID guidance, we will Tower may not have sufficient data and project explore appropriate mitigation strategies documents to allow rapid commencement of Low-Medium immediately during the early stages of the work. Study (Subtask 1.1).

24 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV ANNEX I: ANTICIPATED WORK PROGRESS SCHEDULE (REVISED)

Months Activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Project Start-Up/Cross-Cutting (CC)* Post Award Conference with USAID/Niger & Power Africa to Kick Off ECODIT Contacts Project Stakeholders to Announce Award ECODIT Mobilizes Teams and Negotiates Agreements with Partners Biweekly Progress Reports DEC Submissions (upon acceptance of each deliverable) 1 Kick-Off Meeting and Information Gathering 1.1 Preliminary Data Collection (D1) 1.2 Project Preparation (D2) 1.3 Kick-Off Meeting (D3) 2 Site Assessment Technical Analysis Site Assessment Protocol (D4)

Site Evaluations (D5) 3 Economic and Financial Analysis 3.1 Economic Analysis (D6) 3.2 Sustainable Business Model (D7) 3.3 Financial Plan and Project Finance Recommendations (D8) 4 Regulatory Review Regulatory Review (D9) 5 Preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Social Safeguards (ESS) Study (D10)

Preliminary ESIA (D11) Indicator Report Indicator Report (D12) 6 Implementation Plan Implementation Plan (D13) 7 Final Report and Workshop Final Report (D14)

Workshops (D15)

25 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV ANNEX II: LIST OF EATON TOWER SITES AND LOCATIONS

DEPARTEMENT Sites BTS LATITUDES LONGITUDES Timia 18.1084 8.7722 17.7080 8.9580 17.5010 6.7900 Azelik 16.5548 7.3247 Agarey Garey 16.2072 7.1663 Amataltal 16.4504 7.2198 Mararaba Ingal 6 Dosso Rwafi 14.4034 3.9623 13.5200 4.1520 Gofo 13.0405 3.9035 Fadama 14.1513 3.2583 Louma 13.5038 3.1784 Wazey sokorbe 13.4778 3.0094 Koygolo 13.4110 2.7517 Dantchiandou 12.9529 2.3279 Boki 12.8935 3.7208 Lido 12.3895 3.5795 Koutoumbou 13.9358 9.5749 Karakara Backbone 13.2532 2.8390 Harikanassou 13.7222 3.5698 Gongaberi 13 Goumeri 15.7552 12.5295 15.9537 12.5710 Goumeri CPf 14.2507 13.1044 N'guimi2 14.1235 14.1235 Bangoutaweye 13.2218 12.0276 Guel Lamido 12.0599 12.0599 Bana 13.1637 12.2564 Boudoum

26 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV 13.4154 12.3665 Nguel Kolo 8

MARADI Tagris 14.5388 7.6219 14.4664 7.2320 Dan koulou 14.4367 7.8109 Guidan Ango 14.3348 7.8554 Guidan Meyda 14.9756 7.1525 Gadabeji 14.6581 7.2325 El Goula Bader 14.6420 6.8877 14.6245 6.1570 14.1544 7.6028 13.1756 8.2836 Maimoujia 13.7036 9.3263 Kissanbana 13.8263 9.8588 Tchangari 13.5727 8.8947 Malori 13.3829 8.9812 Gada 14

TAHOUA Egawan 16.4718 5.8938 13.7887 4.9335 Takouka 14.8075 7.5539 Ganda Soli 14.8208 4.7822 Edir 13.8402 4.7602 Yaya 15.8245 6.7744 Tamaya 15.1079 8.8589 Takoukou 15.6104 6.4161 Ikızmane 15.1116 4.5945 Sakaldamna 15.3747 6.7101 Abouhaya 10

27 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV TILLABERI Koutougou-Yassane 14.9491 0.7789 13.1650 2.5234 Koboday 14.2760 5.7726 Tama 15.0337 3.4717 Tarbiyat 14.0283 2.8583 Fandou Beri 14.4814 3.6633 Dinkilmi 13.7632 2.2687 Tondigamey 13.9100 2.0337 Boukanda 13.0968 2.0093 Ourougueladjo 15.0673 2.0582 Tilwa 15.0777 3.7831 Abarey 11

ZINDER Belbeji 14.6792 8.0038 14.6461 8.7475 Sabon Kafi 12.8836 8.9644 Tinkim 13.0348 9.6002 Malawa 14.2332 10.1386 Kellé Boukar Midi 13.9864 10.7270 Karamba 13.8126 10.5451 Soubdou 13.7066 10.3109 Wodo 14.6016 10.2961 Boultoum 9

28 | DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 – JULY 2020 USAID.GOV ANNEX III: MONITORING & EVALUATION PLAN

INTRODUCTION

OUTLINE OF MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING PLAN The purpose of this Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) Plan is to describe how the USAID Niger Mini-Grid Feasibility Study (MGFS) Project (hereafter referred as “the Project”) Team will monitor and evaluate project implementation activities and results.

This MEL Plan is a dynamic and flexible document that will be updated and revised throughout the life of the project as may be necessary (e.g., due to any changes required by adaptive management of the project or as initiated/required by USAID).

PROJECT OVERVIEW Niger faces numerous development challenges that limit economic opportunities, exacerbate extreme poverty, and negatively impact health and social outcomes. One driver of poverty is poor and unreliable access to energy; only 12% have access to electricity and in rural areas access drops to below 1%. Niger aims to reach universal access by 2035, and to do so will require significant participation by the private sector, improvements in the regulatory environment, and support from the international donor community.

To support the goal of universal access, USAID Power Africa awarded Task Order number 720-674-19- F-00002 under the Power Africa IDIQ to a consortium led by ECODIT LLC to implement the Niger Mini-Grid Feasibility Study Project (MGFS). This program was developed jointly by USAID Power Africa and the Nigerien Agence Nigerienne pour la Promotion de l`Electrification Rurale (ANPER) to conduct a feasibility study on approximately 69 mini-grid sites that could potentially support modern energy access for nearly 100 villages in rural locations. These mini-grids could potentially help electrify around 20,700 households, and would leverage existing telecommunication towers operated by Eaton Towers as ‘anchor tenets.’ By working with Eaton Towers, these mini-grids can establish a reliable demand load and reliable a power off-taker, helping to make the projects more bankable and more financially feasible.

Project components include thirteen activities which will:

• Evaluate the technical and financial feasibility of the previously identified 69 potential mini-grid locations (Site analysis, technical design, economic analyses, environmental and social impact assessments) to develop a list of feasible sites. • Recommend and describe business models that enable an economically viable and sustainable approach for access to high quality, affordable energy. • Perform a regulatory review to identify gaps, weaknesses and challenges in the regulatory and institutional landscape and suggest changes to address these. • Provide ANPER with the complete set of technical, economic, financial and business model documents which can be used as inputs to ANPER’s tendering process • Provide ANPER with training at project close to ensure the correct use of tender documents to seek funding from international donors, the private sector and/or other public sources. PROJECT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK The Niger MGFS Project supports both Power Africa goals and USAID/West Africa (USAID/WA) mission development objectives. The Power Africa Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan is currently under development and indicators are being finalized during the project’s period of performance. Once finalized, the Project Team will work in consultation with USAID to incorporate appropriate indicators, if relevant, from that list into the Niger MEL plan. For the first version of the MEL Plan we will align the project’s goals and indicators with the West Africa Regional Development Cooperation Strategy (2015- 2019).

West Africa is currently experiencing some encouraging signs of economic growth. USAID/West Africa seeks to take advantage of this trend through its Development Objective 2 “Broad-Based Economic Growth & Resilience Advanced through West African Partners”. The Project supports Intermediate Result (IR) 2.3: “Regional Trade and Investment in Targeted Products and Services Increased” and Sub- IR 2.3.3: “Increased access to clean, reliable energy”. By providing farmers and firms with critical support services like electricity, they will have greater opportunities to engage in trade and eventually supply goods in commercial volumes to better access global markets. While Project outcomes do not provide the actual electricity services, it will provide the foundational technical, economic, financial, environmental and regulatory analyses and supporting documentation and capacity building needed for its key recipient, ANPER, to seek funding for electricity investments in rural areas currently lacking this critical resource.

PROJECT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK Project Vision: Increased access to sustainable electricity in rural Niger

Project Goal: New financially and economically sustainable rural mini-grid investments are facilitated by ANPER to support 69 targeted sites in rural Niger.

Outcome 1: Identification of technically and financially viable mini-grid projects that will provide reliable and affordable electricity to 69 targeted sites in rural Niger.

Outcome 2: ANPER staff trained in the use of site evaluation analyses for the development and offering of tender documents.

Outcome 3: Identification of regulatory gaps and/or weaknesses with recommendations to address for the benefit of supporting mini-grid investment activities.

Outputs:

• Site Assessment Protocol • 69 Site evaluations • 69 Economic and Financial Site Analyses • Business Model Report • Financial Plan • Environmental Impact Assessment • Legal and Regulatory Review Report • Final Report and Workshop

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MONITORING PLAN

PERFORMANCE MONITORING There is one outcome and two indicators identified by the Project team to monitor project performance.

Outcomes Indicator Indicator Description

This indicator refers to the Number of new projected number of potential households connections expected from and businesses that could access mini-grids identified in the electricity through the proposed Outcome 1: Identification of feasibility study. mini-grid connections identified technically and financially viable mini- by this project. grid projects that will provide reliable and affordable electricity to 69 This indicator refers to the targeted sites in rural Niger. Capacity (MW) of number of megawatts that could expected new mini-grids be produced through the identified in the feasibility development of mini-grids study identified by this Project.

This indicator refers to the Outcome 2: ANPER staff trained in Number of people trained number of ANPER staff and other the use of site evaluation analyses for in technical energy fields stakeholders trained on technical the development and offering of due to USG assistance. feasibility studies and competitive tender documents. (Optional Indicator) tender processes for mini-grids. (Activity 13)

This indicator refers to the Outcome 3: Identification of Regulatory Review Report that regulatory gaps and/or weaknesses will outline challenges for mini- with recommendations to address for Regulatory review report grid development and propose the benefit of supporting mini-grid changes or additions for ANPER investment activities. to address them (Activity 9)

CONTEXT MONITORING Niger is one of the least developed countries in Africa, and features a number of security, political, business, and technical risks for any activity – particularly one that requires extensive travel to remote and rural areas. Deteriorations in the security situation may lead to delays in accessing sites or even

USAID.GOV DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 - JULY 2020 | 31 cancellation of work in certain sites in Niger, which could have cascading impacts on program implementation and timelines.

During preliminary data collection and site selection the Project Team will take into account any updates to the preliminary security review of target. The final list of selected mini-grid sites will identify those located in volatile geographic areas that pose a threat to either foreign or local workers.

ECODIT will coordinate closely with USAID to proactively manage all risks. ECODIT will inform USAID if these risks materialize so the project schedule and/or activities can be adjusted accordingly. We do not anticipate developing any context indicators as the security situation will be monitored on a regular basis.

DATA MANAGEMENT This section describes the roles and responsibilities of the Project team members with regard to the collection, processing, analysis and storage of relevant project data.

DATA COLLECTION The project will collect on-site data as part of Activity 5, “Site Assessment Technical Analysis”. The project team, led by the Lead Engineer (LE), will conduct evaluations in sets of 17 or 18 per month over a three or four-month period. Under the supervision of the LE, on-site data collection will be conducted by enumerators, hired and managed by Project team member SNV. PowerGen will train the enumerators hired by SNV in addition to leading all Site Evaluation tasks, under the supervision of the LE.

At the completion of each set (17 or 18) of site evaluations, indicator data will be collected and transmitted to Power Africa in support of its efforts to maintain a performance monitoring information system. A full indicator report will be prepared and submitted to USAID as part of the project’s Activity 11. ECODIT’s Home Office Project Manager will be responsible for fulfilling the USAID requirements for submission of indicator data and updated PIRS’s.

To comply with ADS 201.3.5.7.g, the project team will incorporate gender analysis into the M&E plan through the collection and reporting of sex-disaggregated data and monitoring feedback from project team members. We will monitor the numbers of men and women being trained, and if such data show a gender disparity, provide an explanation for why the disparity exists, whether it is something the project can and should seek to address, and if so, suggestions on how to minimize the disparity in future activities. We will integrate this feedback into project adjustments, and share it with USAID to inform future activity planning.

DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE Under the leadership of the LEC, the team will place a premium on data quality and will incorporate it in ongoing management processes. The Lead Engineer will be responsible for the quality of the data collected under Activity 5. To uphold the five key data quality standards – validity, reliability, precision, integrity, and timeliness – we will verify data regularly by conducting sample checks for accuracy and correctness, analyzing and contextualizing differences between baseline and target data, and interviewing

USAID.GOV DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 - JULY 2020 | 32 parties responsible for data collection and analysis. We will verify the quality of the data collected at field sites by triangulating where possible, comparing to similar situations in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA).

We will use Data Quality Assessment (DQA) worksheets to complete data assessments for the outcome level indicators. We will document any data quality concerns in the form of notes to the PMP and/or memos or reports, and will develop and implement a plan of action to redress concerns.

DATA CONTROL AND STORAGE The Project will keep digital and hard copies of its project data and establish a system of document control. Project data initially collected in the field by enumerators will be uploaded to online database systems at the earliest feasibly opportunity for safe keeping and processing. Given the remote location for many site enumeration activities, data for some sites will need to be stored locally for days until the enumerators are in a location with acceptable data connectivity. The Project will develop an online database accessible by selected members of the project team where electronic copies of all documents produced are saved.

DATA ANALYSIS AND USE Data will initially be analyzed and processed by PowerGen utilizing a number of open source and proprietary techniques. Geographic data will be processed using ArcGIS, allowing for mapping of sites and analysis. Customer data will be processed utilizing PowerGen techniques, as well as Odyssey, a web based tool for mini-grids. Generation asset and forecast modeling will be done using Homer based software.

Additional detail on data analysis is provided in the CLIN 1 Report: Preliminary Data Collection.

ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND SCHEDULE As MGFS is a small project, the LEC will be the primary person responsible for implementing the MEL Plan. He will also be responsible for reporting and supervising general monitoring and evaluation approaches, practices, and tools, where appropriate. The LE will also cooperates with the USAID M&E personnel at the technical level, ensuring that indicators and information are reported as needed by USAID and the COR.

With reference to ADS 203.3.3.1 g, MGFS supports the Mission’s efforts to maintain a performance monitoring information system that holds performance indicator data collected through the MEL plan. Specifically, ECODIT’s Home Office Project Manager is responsible for fulfilling the USAID requirements for updated PIRS as needed.

The LEC, with support from the Project Coordinator and the home office, is responsible for producing project M&E related reports on time, and in a technically valid, high-quality, and policy-relevant manner, with the purpose of providing firm grounds for management decisions. He is also responsible for developing the protocols and standard procedures to ensure that data is gathered in a technically sound and consistent manner throughout the period of performance. He must make judgments with respect to whether or not data meets quality standards and utilize the appropriate data quality assessment tools and ensure that it is utilized on a regular basis.

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M&E Plan Start of project; Draft, Final and Presents the Project’s logic Updated if changes Revised framework, outcome needed indicators and indicator tracking and data collection plan, activities for project monitoring, data collection instruments as developed and change logs.

Data Collection As prepared Final Presents the Project’s logic Instruments framework, outcome indicators and indicator tracking and data collection plan, activities for project monitoring, data collection instruments as developed and change logs.

Performance Indicator Start of project; Draft, Final and Description of project Reference Sheets Updated as needed Revised indicators

Indicator Report Delivered around Draft, Final and Report on top line Month 15 of the project Revised indicators that feed into the Power Africa Topline and Additional Indicators

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Power Africa Performance Indicator Reference Sheet Name of Indicator: Number of new projected direct connections expected from mini-grids identified in the feasibility study Is this a Performance Plan and Report indicator? No DESCRIPTION Precise Definition(s): Projected direct connections reflect the number of new households and businesses that are expected to access electricity through on-grid connections, and off-grid solutions upon financial disbursement for a given activity.

This indicator refers to the number of projected direct connections resulting from: Micro-grid connections – any new connections where a household or business is connected to a micro-grid. Any small- scale localized station with its own power resources, generation and loads and definable boundaries qualifies as a micro- grid. The term mini-grid is also often used; Power Africa uses micro-grid to include mini-grids.

Unit of Measure: Number of Connections Disaggregation: . Residential/household and business/commercial PLAN FOR DATA COLLECTION Data Source: The Project Team will collect data from site visits/enumeration, ANPER, Eaton Towers, and other donor funded projects that will be used in their assessment, modeling, and design of mini-grids during the feasibility study. Method of Data Collection / Construction: Review and modeling of data collected through site visits/enumeration will result in technical projections of number of new connections that are economically and commercially feasible if the projects are funded and built. Reporting Frequency: End of Project Individual(s) Responsible at USAID: Power Africa COR

DATA QUALITY ISSUES Dates of Previous Data Quality Assessments and name of reviewer: N/A Date of Future Data Quality Assessments: Known Data Limitations: As these are projected connections based on a completed feasibility study prior to tendering of mini-grids, there is no guarantee that the number of projected connections will reflect the number of direct connections achieved after tendering and construction of the mini-grids. Validity: Data for direct connections will be based on site visits/enumeration for the sites deemed feasible for mini- grids, which may have some inaccuracies. As it may not be possible to count every customer in every site given the large size of some of the sites, estimations may need to rely on sampling and projections. Reliability: Data will be obtained based on evaluations and modeling of mini-grid sites deemed feasible. If different assumptions, modeling, or estimations are used by others, this may produce different results.

BASELINE & PERFORMANCE VALUES Baseline / Timeframe: 0 as of 2019 Year Target Actual Notes 2019 2020 CHANGES TO INDICATOR Changes to indicator: THIS SHEET LAST UPDATED ON: 1 April 2019

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PIRS 2

Power Africa Performance Indicator Reference Sheet Name of Indicator: Capacity (megawatts) of expected new mini-grids identified in the feasibility study Is this a Performance Plan and Report indicator? No DESCRIPTION Precise Definition(s): This indicator refers to the number of megawatts, projected in the results of the feasibility study, that will be produced through the development of mini-grids to supply electricity to villages at the sites assessed during the project.

Unit of Measure: Number of Megawatts Disaggregation: N/A PLAN FOR DATA COLLECTION Data Source: The Project Team will collect data from site visits/enumeration, ANPER, Eaton Towers, and other donor funded projects that will be used in their assessment, modeling, and design of mini-grids during the feasibility study. Method of Data Collection / Construction: Review and modeling of data collected through site visits/enumeration will result in technical projections for the amount of energy, measured in megawatts, that are economically and commercially feasible if the projects are funded and built. Reporting Frequency: End of Project Individual(s) Responsible at USAID: Power Africa COR

DATA QUALITY ISSUES Dates of Previous Data Quality Assessments and name of reviewer: N/A Date of Future Data Quality Assessments: Known Data Limitations: As these are projected megawatts based on a completed feasibility study prior to tendering of mini-grids, there is no guarantee that the number of projected megawatts will reflect the actual number of megawatts installed after tendering and construction of the mini-grids. Accuracy: Data will be based on data obtained from ANPER and local organizations, and by assessing satellite images for the sites deemed feasible for mini-grids, which may have some inaccuracies. As it may not be possible to count every customer in every site given the large size of some of the sites, estimations may not be fully accurate resulting in possible errors in energy generation projections. Data accuracy will depend on ground-truthing any estimations and modeling results for the mini-grid sites deemed feasible. Reliability: Data can be obtained based on evaluations and modeling of mini-grid sites deemed feasible. If different assumptions, modeling, or estimations are used by others, this may decrease reliability. BASELINE & PERFORMANCE VALUES Baseline / Timeframe: 0 as of 2019 Year Target Actual Notes 2019 2020 CHANGES TO INDICATOR Changes to indicator: THIS SHEET LAST UPDATED ON: 1 April 2019

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Power Africa Performance Indicator Reference Sheet Name of Indicator: Number of people trained in technical energy fields supported by USG assistance Is this a Performance Plan and Report indicator? No DESCRIPTION Precise Definition(s): This indicator refers to the number of people that are provided technical training in mini-grid feasibility study and tendering processes, as a result of program activities.

Unit of Measure: Number of people, number of days/hours trained Disaggregation: Gender PLAN FOR DATA COLLECTION Data Source: The Project Team will report on trainings provided by providing a list of people trained. Method of Data Collection / Construction: The Project Team will require training participants that are taking part in technical training under the “Final Workshop” component to sign in to trainings daily, with complete contact information and indication of trainee gender. Reporting Frequency: End of Project Individual(s) Responsible at USAID: Power Africa COR

DATA QUALITY ISSUES Dates of Previous Data Quality Assessments and name of reviewer: N/A Date of Future Data Quality Assessments: Known Data Limitations: n/a Accuracy: Data will be self-reported by trainees, so errors or omissions in registration lists may impact the total number of reported trainees, number of hours trained, and gender figures. Reliability: n/a BASELINE & PERFORMANCE VALUES Baseline / Timeframe: 0 as of 2019 Year Target Actual Notes 2019 0 2020 40 CHANGES TO INDICATOR Changes to indicator: THIS SHEET LAST UPDATED ON: 1 April 2019

USAID.GOV DRAFT WORK PLAN JANUARY 2019 - JULY 2020 | 37 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS Data collection instruments will be detailed in the CLIN 4, Site Assessment Protocol. This will include site surveys to be administered.

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