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Cumann Staire Agus Seandálaíochta Oirdheisceart Na Gaillimhe Market Scene, Ballinasloe, Co Galway. Cumann Staire agus Seandálaíochta Oirdheisceart na Gaillimhe Newsletter No. 19 Autumn 2015 Events and Lectures, Autumn 2015 Contents SEGAHS Lectures East Galway Agrarian Agitation 2 Black ‘47, Esker by Ronan Killeen 2 Tuesday, September 15th (Lecture & Book Launch) A Family Divided by Steve Dolan 4 Lecture by our own Ann O’Riordan entitled 'I will not Postcards: Main Street, Portumna 7 be smoked out'; the burning of Ballydugan house, 1922' Éirí Amach na Cásca 7 at O’Mearas in Portumna at 8pm, and will be fol- Recommended Sources 8 lowed by the launch of her book ‘East Galway agrarian Four Post-Medieval and Early Modern Treacy agitation; and the burning of Ballydugan House, 1922’. Funerary Monuments by Christy Cunniffe 9 Ann is obviously well-known to SEGAHS members at Near Garbally 11 this point and the book follows her research area when What it says in the papers 12 completing her MA in Maynooth. Ann has contributed ______________________________________________ to various publications over the years and invested sev- Chairman’s Update eral years into this publication. What a wonderful year we’ve had in 2015 - and it’s not Tuesday, October 13th (Lecture) over yet! All the lectures have all been so well-attended and Lecture by Paul Duffy on ‘Postcard Images of East Co thought-provoking, and the summer guided tour of the Por- tumna Bridge was a great success. I would like to express Galway’ at the Irish Workhouse Centre Portumna at my thanks to everyone for the support given to me as Chair- 8:30pm. Paul is a long-time contributor to the society person and wish you all a golden Autumn. both in terms of articles, and lectures (incl. ‘Some For the Autumn/Winter, we have loads of lectures, events, Watermills of South East Galway’). His book, and other plans and as always we will be sure to keep you ’Galway—History on a postcard’, inspired our own updated on same. We’re also hoping to have the AGM a ‘Postcards from the Edge’ series, and that and his publi- little earlier this year, perhaps in November. cation ‘Galway City: Snapshots Through Time’ are Ann O’Riordan, Chairperson. both bestsellers (available on-line from Currach Press). Membership Other Events SEGAHS welcomes all new members. As a member of our Kilconnell Archaeology Seminar, Sept 12th society you will learn a great deal about your heritage in an Galway Community Archaeological Advisory Project interactive way by having access to regular lectures and gath- in partnership with Kilconnell Tidy Towns Committee erings. You do not need to have any qualifications or a high- are hosting a free one day Archaeology Seminar in Kil- level knowledge as the wonderful thing about community and connell Community Centre, Saturday 12th September local history is that anyone can get involved. The annual soci- ety membership fee is only €20. 2015. For further details contact Christy Cunniffe - Phone: 087 9697692 / Email: galwaycommunityar- Articles [email protected] If you have a heritage-related article or query that you would _____________________________________________ like to share with the society, we would be happy to hear from Help Sought: Anyone with any knowledge of (or memo- you. You can contact us at [email protected], or by visiting rabilia, documents or photographs) whatever on cricket our facebook page at www.facebook.com/SEGAHS, by fol- within the county is asked to make contact with the lowing us on twitter@SEGAHSIreland, or by coming to one of our lectures or field trips. PRO at [email protected]. East Galway Agrarian Agitation Our 2015 Autumn lecture series kicks off on the 15th of September at 8pm in O'Mearas Portumna and is a special one for the society. The lecture will be given by our Chair- person Ann O’Riordan and will be followed by the launch her book East Galway agrarian agitation and the burning of Ballydugan House, 1922. This book is based on the burning of Ballydugan House and the background to the burning of Michael Henry Burke’s house is charted alongside the rise of land agitation. With branches all over Galway, the Land League and the United Irish League voiced the disquiet of land-hungry tenants and sought relief for its landless members. At Bally- dugan, the collective expression and systematic protest for the transfer of land owner- ship included boycotting, landlord intimidation, cattle drives and damage to property. This book also offers a unique insight into the often unheard of landlord experience and perspective on agitation offered by Burke’s granddaughter, Mrs Claire Besnyoe. Her recollections and reflections on the family’s decision to remain as landowners in the new Irish state and beyond, bring a distinctive element to this study. The conse- quences of the Burkes continued occupancy were not anticipated by the agitating Ballydugan tenants and the own- ership of this estate continued to be a source of ongoing contention for several decades afterwards. The book will be formally launched at Loughrea Library on Thursday Sept 17th at 8pm by Prof Terence Dooley (NUI Maynooth). All our members and readers are welcome to either / both events, and books will be on sale. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ The following article is an extract from a presentation given by local historian Ronan Killeen, in association with the Committee of Irish Famine Victims, on the 17th August 2013 which has been made available to us. That Great Famine study covered the Poor Law, the outbreak of the Great Famine, Sir Robert Peel & the Relief Commission, Sir Randolph Routh, Sir Charles Edward Trevelyan, the Relief Commissioners, and the Quakers; though here we focus on the Esker-specific elements of the lecture. Black ’47, Esker Ronan Killeen As the year 1847 began, known as Black ’47 because it was the worst year of the Great Famine, the official death toll in Co Galway had risen from 5,556 in 1846 and would reach 12,582 the year after. For the town of Galway alone the official (incomplete) death toll was 1,919. In addition, this period had seen thousands of inmates die in Galway Workhouse (estimated at 11,000). When people conjure up images of the Irish famine, many tend to ignore the final cause of death – disease. One such disease was typhus which spread like wildfire, also killing very many of those trying to help – including doctors, priests, nuns, and countless local people in the act of helping neighbours. Many of the burials took place with the body covered only in rags of whatever was available and were deposited in ‘famine pits’ where hundreds were buried together. Some did manage to escape death by emigrating, while more were sentenced to transporta- tion for stealing foods and supplies. For so many there was no escape, though there were efforts at alleviating their suffering. A subject area which sees insufficient recognition is the countless efforts of ordinary people and ad-hoc relief works. By 1847 these no- ble efforts were stretched beyond breaking point and, like the local authorities and committees around the county, all involved were dreading the coming winter. One such local relief group was located at Esker, between Athenry and Kiltulla. Esker, which had been a monastic site since the sixteenth century, was fortunate in having a pioneer- ing priest in Fr. Peter Smyth who fought tirelessly to keep their parishioners alive throughout the famine. The Very Rev Dr Peter Smyth was a Prior of Esker and Provincial of the Order from 1832. His first effort at alleviat- ing poverty was to provide a school for poor children of the neighbourhood whose faith was in danger of being un- dermined in another local school. He had been moved to do so partly because of the proselytizing of a school opened up by the Persse family. Given the position at home, and the lack of financial support, Fr Smyth went to England to collect funds for a school catering exclusively for the poor. The following are transcriptions of a letter written by Fr Smyth to Esker Convent dated 15th March 1847 (taken from the Relief Commission papers). Also reproduced below is a newspaper report on Smyth’s efforts. The very Rev. Dr. Smyth, Esker Convent, Athenry. The very rev. Doctor Smyth is at present, aiming and reclaiming Dear Sir, the wasted lands around him, building an agricultural college I have to acknowledge with the best gratitude the re- for the Benefit of Ireland. ceipt of twenty five pounds from the Relief Society of London, for Sir Randolph Routh for the Relief of my Suffering Poor may There are at present 600 children receiving a liberal and reli- God Bless them. gious education,- and @ 26 of the Boys apprenticed to the tai- I have been informed when in Dublin by Sir Randolph Routh, loring and shoemaking trades. For the girls there is a matron, that the Lord Lieutenant will give money. who instructs them in the making up of the every article of The very rev. Dr. Smyth care of dress, tinting to all classes of society. Mrs. Howard, 47 Lower Brook Street, There are also fifty of the four hundred children, clothed annu- London. ally; and one hundred destitute paupers daily fed at this estab- lishment;- There are no funds of means to carry on this work of I am Dear Sir with much respect mercy, but the benevolence of the Public. Forward Peter Smyth D. D. Smyth’s most ambitious school was Saint Dominic’s College which was opened on the 4th August 1847 in order to provide advanced education for the somewhat better-off Catholics.
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