JANUARY 30, 1981 60 CENTS VOLUME 45/NUMBER 3

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

' • •- r1 Demand Martin Luther Kin national holiday

By Osborne Hart Not since the 1963 march on Wash­ Clenched fists punctuated chants of and even younger, to many thousands WASHINGTON, D.C.-The largest ington, led by King, has there been . "We want a holiday-Black folks' holi­ in their forties and fifties, to the el~ Black rights demonstration in nearly such a national outpouring of the day!" and "We took a holiday!" derly. two decades took place here January Black community. The mood was festive but deter­ mined. Determined that civil rights Buses were chartered by church, 15, demanding that Dr. Martin Luther Braving the cold, singing and chant­ community, and social groups. Opera­ King, Jr.'s birthday be declared a ing despite slush and snow, tens of gains, won by the movement King helped lead, will not be taken away by tion PUSH and the Southern Christian national holiday. thousands of demonstrators marched Leadership Conference brought bus­ A huge, militant crowd of more than from the Capital grounds to the rally Reagan or by racist terrorists like the Ku Klux Klan. Determined that the loads. Radio station WJPC in Chicago 100,000 people, the overwhelming ma­ site. organized forty buses. jority Black, rallied at the Washington Portraits of King were held aloft struggle will go on until Black people Monument to honor the slain civil everywhere. are truly free. Chapters of the newly formed Na­ rights leader. Thousands more demon­ Black nationalist flags of red, black Participants represented a broad tional Black Independent Political strated in cities throughout the country and green waved throughout the cross section of the Black community­ Party in Newport News, Virginia; (see page 4). crowd. from high school, junior high school, Continued on page 3

. Dear Militant reader, ists, an injunction against renewed spy activ­ SWP, the YSA, or any of their members can be March 16 is a date you should remember. On ity, and $40 million in damages. proved guilty of a crime beyond a reasonable that day the Socialist Workers Party and doubt," they assert. Young Socialist Alliance lawsuit against gov­ As the trial draws near the government has "The issue is whether the Government has a ernment spying, disruption, and harassment made a dramatic shift in its defense. They now will go to trial. Coming to tri:::.l in the early right to keep itself informed of the activities of openly claim the right to spy on everyone! groups that openly advocate revolutionary change in the structure and leadership of the Government of the United States, even if such advocacy might be within the letter of the A message to our readers law." The message couldn't be more clear. What is involved is a fight for the rights of not only days of the Reagan administration, the social­ The preliminary government trial plan socialists-but all working people. A victory ist suit will represent an important challenge states: will be a victory for every worker trying to to the government's offensive against the " the Government may legally investi- organize strong unions; every fighter for Black rights of us all. gate individuals or organizations regardless of rights, for women's rights; every opponent of Our suit demands a complete stop to the their nature." nuclear power. If we win it will make it more government's spy operations against social- "The issue in this case is not whether the Continued on page 21 In Our Opinion VOLUME 45/NUMBER 3 JANUARY 30, 1981. CLOSING NEWS DATE-JAN. 21

the sources of financing for business invest­ The demands were given added legitimacy New cast, old script ment" through generous tax breaks. because Washington was responsible for the Ronald Reagan climaxed his inaugural ad­ The future looks grim for working . people shah to begin with. dress by evoking the image of a young GI under Reagan. It is grim. The new adminstra­ That's not simply our assertion. In a J anu­ lying dead in France during World War I. In tion will step up the drive to raise corporate ary 21 summary of the events leading up to the the soldier's diary, Reagan said, was found profits at our expense. It will step up efforts to embassy crisis, the New York Times, no friend this pledge: "I will work, I will save, I will prepare American youth to fight and die in of the Iranian revolution, wrote in part: sacrifice, I will endure, I will fight cheer­ wars against liberation struggles around the "The Central Intelligence Agency helped fully ...." globe. stage the 1953 coup that restored the young So there's the watchword of the new admin­ In so doing, the Reagan adminstration will Shah to his throne after he had been deposed istration-cheerful sacrifice. build on what the Carter adminstration did­ by Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh, The nation's problems, Reagan explained, from draft registration to decontrol of energy who nationalized Western-owned oilfields." stem from trying to "live beyond our means." prices. The article explains that although the Shah His answer? "Reverse the growth of govern­ And, like the Carter administration, it will was opposed by a broad range of the Iranian ment" and curb its "intervention and intrusion face resistance and opposition that will limit people, "President Nixon approved nearly in our lives." its ability to carry out its reactionary program. unlimited arms sales ... and President Car­ For starters, the intrusion of food stamps is Democrats and Republicans alike try to ter politically embraced the Iranian ruler in a to be removed from the lives of some eight confuse and disorient this opposition with New Year's 1978 visit to Tehran." million Americans, if Reagan's economic pro­ appeals to the "national interest," to "we the Despite this criminal involvement with the gram goes through. people." But the most important fact of Ameri­ Hitler of Iran, Washington refused to consider Those pesky safety and pollution inspectors can politics is that "our country" is divided Iranian proposals for ending the embassy are to stop interfering with American industry. into classes, whose interests are irreconcilably crisis. Instead, Iranian assets in this country Washington is to stop intruding on employ­ opposed, and that both Democratic and Repub­ were seized. Countries aligned with the United ers by telling them they have to hire Blacks or lican parties represent the capitalist-class mi­ States were pressured to join a trade embargo. women. nority against the working-class majority. Carter staged his "rescue" fiasco, killing Prosperity is possible, Reagan said, if we That's why the pompous "changing of the eight Gis and underlining that he didn't give a remove these "roadblocks that have slowed guard" in Washington last week changed damn for the safety of those held in the em­ our economy and reduced productivity." But nothing fundamental. bassy. don't expect quick relief, he hastened to add. Facing an antilabor onslaught from both Now, with the resolution of the crisis, there Economic ills "will not go away in days, capitalist parties, workers need our own party is the propaganda theme that "we have been weeks, or months." to fight for our own interests-a labor party. humiliated." When it comes to the Pentagon, of course, Then we'll see political fireworks to make Who's "we"? Reagan's plan is not to reverse the growth of Reagan's inauguration look like the pale cha­ True, American bankers and oil magnates government spending but to put the accelera­ rade it really was. may feel a setback for their plans to roll back tor to the floor. Carter had projected an arma­ the Iranian revolution and resume plundering ments budget of $1 trillion ($1,000,000,000,000) that country's resources. over the next five years. Reagan wants more. American workers, however, have no such The key to everything, Reagan explained, is Why 444 days? stakes in Iran. to stop seeing ourselves as conflicting "interest It took 444 days to achieve the release of the But, it's argued, "we paid them ransom." groups." Some of us are industrialists, he said, fifty-two Americans from the Tehran embassy. That, too, is propaganda hokum. The agree­ and some are truck drivers. But "all of us But the fact is that they could have been ment simply provides that the United States together ... must bear the burden." released on Day 1. will return some of the money and property Let's think of ourselves, he urged, as "we the Like the terms of the final settlement, the that legally belong to Iran. people-this breed called Americans." initial demands of the Iranian people were And, the agreement declares, it "will be the During the week before the inaugural, James neither exorbitant nor unjustified. They could policy of the United States not to intervene, Carter delivered his farewell address, his final and should have been met at the time. directly or indirectly, politically or militarily, state of the union message, and his final Washington brought the shah to this coun­ in Iran's internal affairs." budget. Their theme? try with full knowledge that it would be Again, that may not be to the liking of "We are all Americans together," Carter regarded by Iran as a major provocation. Chase Manhattan or Exxon. But American said. We should stop trying to defend "o~r own The Iranians responded by occupying the working people have every reason to support private interests" rather than make the neces­ embassy. What did they ask? such a pledge and demand it be lived up to. sary sacrifices for "the national interest." First, that the shah be returned to Iran to Insofar as the fifty-two embassy personnel Government spending on the poor, the aged, stand trial for the torture and murder of are concerned, information released by Wash­ and the unemployed must be restrained, he literally hundreds of thousands of people. ington substantiates the Iranian charge that said. But "we must pay whatever price is Second, that the billions of dollars he had at least several were in fact involved in a spy required to remain the strongest nation in the stolen from his impoverished country be re­ operation. world." turned. For the others, it is well and good that they The way to move the economy forward, the Third, that Washington agree to end its will be returning to their homes. But on the outgoing Democrat declared, is to lift burden­ continuing interference into Iran's internal record, it can be stated-no thanks to Wash­ some government regulations and "increase affairs. ington.

The Militant Militant .Highlights This Week Editors: CINDY JAQUITH ANDY ROSE Business Manager: NANCY ROSENSTOCK Editorial Staff: Nan Bailey, Nelson Blackstock, 4 Blacks march In Buffalo U.S. doubles aid · to Fred Feldman, Nelson Gonzalez, Sue Hagen. 5 Photo display of Jan. 15 Salvador junta Suzanne Haig, Osborne Hart, Diane Jacobs, 6 Antinuclear march called Harry Ring, Vivian Sahner, Priscilla Schenk, Stu Washington just announced Singer. 7 Reagan's foreign policy team another $5 million in military aid, Published weekly except two weeks in 8 AFL-CIO & AIFLD claiming El Salvador is threatened August, the last week of December, 9 U.S. rebuffs peace offer by Cubans and Nicaraguans. But and the first week of January by the 10 More anti-union firings In Ga. even U.S. ambassadors are Militant (ISSN 0026-3885), 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Tele­ 11 Unionists back lAM members disputing the 'foreign influence' phone: Editorial Office, (212) 243- 12 Speech by Fidel Castro story. Page 8. 6392; Business Office, (212) 929-3486. 15 French repression In Antilles Correspondence concerning sub­ 16 Cuban exiles arrested scriptions or changes of address 17 Steelworkers strike In Dallas should be addressed to The Militant 18 Behind China show trial Business Office, 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. 21 Lockheed's history Second-class postage paid at New 9 Solidarity with Central America York, N.Y. Subscriptions: U.S. $24.00 and the Caribbean a year, outside U.S. $30.00. By first­ 20 As I See 'It class mail: U.S., Canada, and Mexico: 22 Great Society $60.00. Write for airmail rates to all By Any Means Necessary other countries. What's Going On Signed articles by contributors do not neces­ 23 Leffers sarily represent the Militant's views. These are If You Like This Paper . .. expressed in editorials.

2 • • • King Continued from front page Pittsburgh; and Washington, D.C. or­ ganized contingents. Come on their own Auld thousands upon thousands of people just came on their own. Typical of the individual initiative that marked this action was a bus fro~ East Orange, New Jersey-organized by a mother and daughter simply because they thought it should be done. As the crowd flowed down Constitu­ tion Avenue, demonstrators waved hand-made placards: Iowa Re­ members, Minnesota Remembers, Mas­ sachusetts Remembers, and many other states. High school bands, some playing the· civil rights anthem "We Shall Over­ come," paraded before contingents dis-. playing banners from church and com­ munity groups, fraternities and sororities, and student groups. Two banners-The anti-draft move­ ment commemorates Dr. Martin Luther King-Make January 15 ana­ tional holiday and Committee in Soli­ darity with El Salvador Salutes Martin Luther King, Jr.-civil rights, peace. leader-solidarized with King's opposi­ MIIITi

to new readers 0 $2 for eight issues (new readers only) 0 $5 for three months 0 $24 for one year The Mlltant- 8 wccks/SI 0 New 0 Renewal Name Violence by the cops and Klan is on the rise. Address So are protests against the racist killers in blue City ______uniforms and white sheets. Keep up with the State ______Zip ______struggle across the country. Don't miss a single issue. 14 Charles Lane. New York. New York 10014

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 3 Atlanta: 'March 'til streets cry for mercy' By Garrett Brown civil rights legislation, and the burn­ people so that there are none who are ted Food and Commercial Worke t·s ATLANTA-Militant speeches de­ ing need for jobs, decent housing, poor, none who are starving, none who were also present. nouncing racism, poverty and the slay­ education, and medical care. - suffer from racism," Robinson said. Two busloads of Black unionists ings of Blacks in Atlanta and New "How long must we wait for justice? Camille Bell, mother of one of Atlan­ from Local 420, American Federation York were cheered 'by the youthful How long must we wait for decent ta's sixteen murdered and missing of State, County and Municipal Em­ audience at a rally here marking Mar­ housing and decent jobs? How long children, also spoke. ployees, travelled from New York City tin Luther King's fifty-second birth­ must we wait for an end to the attacks to march in King's birth place. day. on our children?" asked Atlanta Uni­ "Black people are the conscience of Following the hour-long rally, 5,000 versity student Rev. Kenneth Flowers. America and this conscience has been Several Atlanta high schools were unionists, civil rights supporters, and "I'm tired of people telling me to be strangely silent," said Bell. well represented at the demonstration, two high school bands marched to patient," Flowers declared. "I'm tired "Those of you who have made it, as well as a spirited contingent from King's tomb near the Ebenezer Baptist of people telling me to be afraid of the help somebody else up. Those of you Morris Brown College. Church. A memorial service was held KKK. If I must die, then I will die in who are still struggling, keep on climb­ Singing songs from the civil rights at the church after a brief rally at the struggle." The crowd stood and ing. And those of you who have given movement and chanting, "We want a crypt. cheered. it up, get back into the struggle," she national holiday" and "All fired up! The events were co-sponsored by the Frederick Douglass High School stu­ said. Ain't gonna take it no more!" the 5,000 Martin Luther King Center for Nonvio­ dent Bernice King again brought the Bell counseled against discourage­ marchers briskly walked the three-mile lent Social Change and the Southern crowd to its feet when she said, "We ment in the face of the new Reagan route to King's tomb. Christian Leadership Conference. must march until the streets cry for administration and blasted the "reli­ Among the speakers were Coretta mercy." gious right" saying, "Moral Majority is Signs prominent among marchers Scott King, former UN ambassador Cleveland Robinson, a vice-president just another name for Racist Right." included: "Machinists Union Against Andrew Young, and AI Kehrer, south­ of District 65, United Auto Workers, A large number of unionists partici­ Racism and Violence," and "AFSCME: ern area director of the AFL-CIO Civil declared, "Poverty is a man-made pated in the march and rallies. These Don't Forget the Dream." Rights Department. crime, a product of the system we live included printers, machinists, postal Following the suggestion of a local ·Their remarks centered on the effort under. We call it a democracy, but it's workers, garment workers, and Black radio station, cars, trucks, and to make King's birthday a national not a democracy. teachers from the Atlanta area. buses throughout Atlanta turned on holiday, the importance of renewing "We have to change this country and Representatives from the national their headlights during the day in the 1965 Voting Rights Act and other use our resources to meet the needs of offices of the Machinists and the Uni- honor of the slain civil rights leader. Buffalo: 3,000 praise King, hit racist terror By Melvin Chappell BUFFALO-Thousands demon­ strated here January 15 to commemo­ rate the birthday of Martin Luther King and to protest racist violence. Two antiracist rallies overwhelm­ ingly outnumbered the "demonstra­ tion" of a single nazi the same day. After weeks of boasting that the neo­ nazi National Socialist Party of Amer­ ica would hold a rally on the birthday of Dr. King, only Karl E. Hand, Jr. showed up to demonstrate for what he called "white rights." Hand is the local nazi leader who released statements to the press publi­ cizing the right-wing action. Leaflets building the event appealed for "100 white men with guts" to rally at city hall. Hand is under federal indictment stemming from a February 16 shooting attack on the home of a Black man in Barnegat, New Jersey. The local cops organized a show of force aimed both at intimidating anti­ nazi protesters and at protecting Hand as he spoke to reporters on the steps of Demonstrators who turned out for Buffalo's January 15 King Day rally. city hall. Hundreds of cops, including mounted police, helicopters, a squad of young and old, Black and white. They Brown told a reporter from the Buffalo or the KKK to walk the streets of attack dogs, and paddy wagons were jammed the square to pay their re­ Courier Express at the end of the day's Buffalo again. This will give courage standing by. spects to Martin Luther King. activities. "We can't look at it as the to all of the people who want to fight Hand carried a placard with a swas­ racism and nazism. They will think Many carried placards demanding a end, but as the beginning." tika drawn on one side and "Whites twice in the future," Smith said, refer­ national holiday on King's birthday. "Today is our day," said Rev. Ben­ have rights" written on the other. ring to the nazis, "before showing their There were also signs denouncing ra­ nett W. Smith, local chairman of Oper­ After talking to reporters on the steps ugly faces in downtown Buffalo." cist violence, the Klan, and the nazis. ation PUSH. "We will not allow racism of city hall for about half an hour, he was driven away under heavy police Several local officials of the United escort. Auto Workers and AFL-CIO endorsed A thick line of police had separated the action. About two hundred Hand from a rally of about three members of Laborers Locar 210 Louisville honors Dr. King hundred protesters that took place marched from their union hall to join By Dennis Carman dent, Laborers Local 576; Pat Allison, across the street in Niagara Square. the rally in Lafayette Square. LOUISVILLE, Ky.-More than 200 Jefferson County Teachers Associa­ The rally was sponsored by the The keynote speaker was Rev. Will antiracist activists marched here in tion; Frank Matthews, president, Com­ Martin Luther King Memorial Day Brown, chairperson of the Black Lead­ memory of Dr. Martin Luther King munications Workers Locall0310; and Coalition. It began with a march down ership Forum. and the victories of the civil rights Rabbi Chester Diamond. Delaware Avenue to the square. movement of the 1950s an~ '60s. Mattie Jones from the Kentucky "We call upon the city counCil to Marchers included members of the The theme of the day's events, spon­ Alliance Against Racist and Political open the door to let us get to the table Black United Front, National Confer­ sored by the Kentucky Southern Chris­ Repression said, "In Atlanta, parents where all the decisions are made," ence of Black Lawyers, the Black Hu­ tian Leadership Conference (KSCLC), are afraid to send their children to Brown said. "Dr. King is dead, but his man Rights Coalition, and Youth was, "The mass march is on the move church. spirit lives on." Against War and Fascism. again." "In Buffalo, hearts are ripped out of They carried flags that read, "Stop Many times his speech was inter­ There were contingents from men's bodies. the Nazis, Stop the Klan," and rupted with chants of, "We want a KSCLC; Kentucky Alliance Against "Police brutality is at its height. chanted, "Hey, hey Buffalo-Racist holiday." Racist and Political Repression; Labor­ "We must remember freedom is only terror's gotta go." Speakers denounced Brown called for a national holiday ers Local 576; International Chemical gained through constant struggle. the failure of the city administration to and for a city statue erected in King's Workers Union; Kentucky Anti-Klan "We have got to take to the streets apprehend the murderer of several honor. Coalition; Communications Workers of again," Jones said. "We have got to Black men in Buffalo. Buffalo Mayor James Griffin read a America; Socialist Workers Party; and stand together." A message of support was read from proclamation declaring January 15 Young Socialist Alliance. .' George Edwards from the Fellowship the Committee in Solidarity with the Martin Luther King Day. of Reconciliation called for opposing People of El Salvador (CISPES). . A list of supporters read at the rally "Make it a holiday!" chanted the U.S. aid to the junta in El Salvador, crowd at the Unity Rally following Shortly after this demonstration dis­ included the Irish Center, Polish Un­ just as Martin Luther King opposed the march. It heard representatives banded, a second rally took place at ion of America, Federation of German U.S. troops in Vietnam. from religious organizations, unions, nearby Lafayette Square. About 3,000 American Society, Jewish Federation, Other meetings commemorating and community groups. people attended. This event was co­ Ukranian Mission, the Puerto Rican King's birthday took place here and sponsored by the Black Leadership community, American Muslim Mis­ Speakers included Clinton Bennett, around Kentucky. Forum, a coalition of Black community sion, Buffalo City Council, and U.S. Operation PUSH; Rev. Charles Kirby, The day culminated with a banquet leaders, and the city administration. Senator Patrick Moynihan. KSCLC; John Hardy, Kentucky Anti­ sponsored by KSCLC. More than 400 The gathering was a mixture of "I'm very encouraged by this start," Klan Coalition; Jimmy Stewart, presi- people attended. 4 Birthday!'-Jan. 15 D.C. march

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THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 5 March 28 in Harrisburg UMWA, lAM back national antinuclear action By Suzanne Haig HARRISBURG, Pa.-A national march and rally against nuclear power with the endorsement of major indus­ -trial unions will take place here March 28, the second anniversary of the nu­ clear accident at Three Mile Island. It will bring together unionists from across the country, local residents, and antinuclear and environmental groups. The official demands of the action are: • No more Three Mile Islands! Keep TMI Unit 1 closed down! No dumping of radioactive water in the Susque­ hanna River! • Support the United Mine Workers in their battle for a contract! (The union's national contract expires the day before the march.) • Jobs for all through a shorter work week and a massive public works program! · • Guaranteed alternative jobs at union rates for all nuclear industry workers! Members of twenty-five trade unions attended antinuclear conference in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The United Mine Workers of Amer­ ica and- the International Association twenty-five unions, along with local operators) are seeking to restart TMI support to the miners is an important of Machinists have already given their residents. · Unit 1, the undamaged reactor. If this part of the action. "If the employers endorsement and pledged active sup­ occurs, it will be a signal that the can weaken or bust the miners union, The next day at a planning meeting port for the demonstration. With this industry is able to expand nuclear every other union is next." of the national Labor Committee for powerful beginning, the action is cer­ power despite public opposition. He stressed the support that the Safe Energy and Full Employment, · miners have given to the antinuclear tain to have the broadest labor back­ They are also desperately seeking to ing of any antinuclear action to date. nearly 300 people-primarily union­ struggle and UMWA's fight to substi­ ists-voted unanimously to endorse the get TMI Unit 2 cleaned-up and run­ tute coal for nuclear power. The action was initially called by the ning again and want to dump 700,000 Greater Harrisburg Area Labor Com­ action. Gordon said that supporters of the gallons of highly radioactive water action will distribute "tens or hundreds mittee for Safe Energy and Full Em­ The focus on Three Mile Island re­ into the Susquehanna River, where of thousands of leaflets, raising the ployment. flects the fact that it has become a test residents get their drinking water. The committee sponsored an educa­ case for the nuclear industry. The issue in all of our union organizations. tional conference here Saturday, J anu­ Nuclear Regulatory Commission Jerry Gordon, national coordinator It will be a very intensive period of ary 17, attended by 250 unionists from (NRC) and Metropolitan Edison (the of the Labor Committee, said that mass education." Racists anack Salt Lake NAACP and SWP By Bill Hoyle Lake NAACP were smashed. In both After news reports of the attacks "We must say enough to the cross SALT LAKE CITY-While. tens of cases 1k inch iron balls were shot were carried by all three local televi­ burnings and the vandalism," she thousands of Americans were honor­ through the glass. According to Salt sion stations on January 18, however, added. "A big noise should be made. ing Dr. Martin Luther King and pro­ Lake police officer J .R. Evans, these Police Chief E.L. "Budd" Willoughby This is a very dangerous situation." testing. new attacks on Blacks, racist type of balls are "used by hunters, and said he would investigate. thugs in this city vandalized the head­ one of them can bring down a moose." At a widely covered press conference quarters of the NAACP and the Social­ Last fall the NAACP led protests of Fortunately no one was injured in the sniper killings of two Black men on January 19, Dave Hurst, SWP 1980 ist Workers Party. either attack. congressional candidate and chairper­ During the night of January 17, both here on August 20, forcing the police to On January 19, the socialists found abandon initial claims that those son of the local Young Socialist Al­ windows and a glass section of the a second copy of the death note in their liance, told the media, "We take this front door of the Socialist Workers murders were not racially motivated. mailbox. With it was a copy of The As a result John Paul Franklin, after a threat very seriously. We demand a Party headquarters were smashed. At­ Liberty Bell, a racist publication thorough investigation. tached to the door was a death threat much-publicized man-hunt, is now in printed in Reedy, West Virginia. A jail, charged with the killings. that read, "Death to the traitors, com­ long poem entitled "Remembering "We must join together in our un­ munists, race mixers, and Black riot­ Martin Lucifer Coon" was featured in Commenting on the attacks on the ions, churches, and our community to ers. . It is time for old fashioned Ameri­ the publication. NAACP and SWP, Salt Lake NAACP fight against such racist violence can justice." A picture of a Black man Police first claimed that the attacks official Georgia Arroyo said, "The wherever it raises its ugly head. We being lynched from a tree was at­ were "nothing more than broken community as a whole needs to make it must unite to tell the Klan and other tached to the note. glass." They flatly refused to questima known that this type of activity will terrorist groups that we will not be That same night windows of the Salt the local Ku Klux Klan. not be tolerated. intimidated." Terrorists fire on Pittsburgh socialist forum By Betsy Farley headquarters. That day a man, identi- who later that night found the man in take any action because "there is not PITTSBURGH-On January 16, at fying himself as a Ku Klux Klan the dry cleaners next door getting his sufficient information to proceed with 9:30p.m., two shots were fired into the member, came to our headquarters and Klan robes cleaned. Cops accepted his an investigation." Socialist WQrkers Party headquarters threatened to return with his 'buddies' story that-his robe was a costume that At the news conference following the here. One shot narrowly missed the election night." he was wearing to a Halloween party. shootings the socialists blasted the head of Jose Correal, a leader of the Campaign workers called the police, On November 19, two days after the police and the authorities for their Nicaragua Solidarity Committee, as he verdict in Greensboro, North Carolina, inaction. was leaving the building. exonerating the KKK and Nazi mur- Andree Kahlmorgan explained that Correal saw two men drive by in a derers, a telephone caller threatened the attacks on the Pittsburgh socialists small yellow car. One was aiming a the socialists with "Klan trouble." fit the national pattern of right-wing rifle out of the window. Two holes in Then on December 1, Mohrbacher's and government harassment. the window appeared to have been car was torched. Only after considera- The featured speaker at the forum made by small projectiles. ble public pressure did police arrest the previous night, Kahlmorgan is one A Militant Labor Forum on political three suspects. The cops then claimed of several unionists fired by the Lock- harassment had just concluded when the firebombing was non-political van- heed-Georgia Company. She is now the shooting took place. Among the dalism and reduced the charges from touring the country to get out the facts scheduled speakers was Linda Mohr- arson to criminal mischief. on their case. bacher, 1980 SWP candidate for U.S. On the day before the shooting, "Local police and government agen- Senate in Pennsylvania. Unable to Mohrbacher had · disputed the cops' cies keep close contact with members attend because of work, Mohrbacher version of the firebombing at a news of Klan and Nazi type organizations. was the target of earlier .harassment conference. It is a known fact that a government ' when her car was firebombed at U.S. "It just doesn't add up," she had told agent participated in the slaughter of Steel's Edgar Thomson Works, where reporters. "Out of hundreds of cars anti-Klan demonstrators in Greens- she is employed. mine was singled out- and on my boro," Kahlmorgan said. "What do At a news conference the next day,- second day back at work after an they know about the threats, firebomb- Mohrbacher detailed the escalating extended layoff." ing, and armed attacks in Pittsburgh?" threats, harassment, and attacks After the shooting, it took the Pitts- The socialists intend to meet with aimed against Pittsburgh socialists. burgh police forty-five minutes to ar- Mayor Richard Caliguiri to demand "On the morning of October 31, we rive on the scene. According to an that the city administration take ac- found the letters 'KKK' scrawled on Militant/Nancy Cole article that appeared in Sunday's Pitts- tion to stop the attacks on freedom of the storefronts on either side of our Socialist Linda Mohrbacher burgh Press, police aren't planning to speech and political association.

6 Reagan's foreign .policy team By Will Reissner , · Central America, was set up. Practice ing and reinforcing the propaganda In the wake of the recent pre~idential invasions of both areas were carried campaign about America being under campaign, with its flights of rhetoric out. siege and needing to respond more and its charges and countercharges Naval bases were secured in the toughly. levelled by Carter and Reagan, it Indian Ocean. Draft registration was But it is interesting to note that once would be easy to lose sight of the fact instituted. Plans were drawn up for the elected, Reagan's choices for key for­ that U.S. foreign policy has tradition­ MX missile system. Agreement was eign policy positions were figures with ally been a bipartisan affair. reached that· new nuclear missiles long service in the bipartisan adminis­ Amid Reagan's warnings that Car­ aimed at the Soviet Union-572 of tration of imperialist interests around ter was selling out U.S. interests them-will be placed in Europe. · the world. around the world and Carter's dire Take the example of Alexader Haig, predictions that Reagan was trigger Reagan's policy Reagan's nominee for secretary of happy, some thought that perhaps this The transition from one administra­ state. Haig has serve!! in high posi­ time there were basic differences be­ tion to another provides an opportun­ tions in four Democratic and Republi­ tween the candidates on how imperial­ ity to assess how much progress the can administrations. He was suggested ist interests should be defended and U.S. ruling class thinks it has made in for the post of secretary of state by maintained around the world. turning around the "Vietnam syn­ Henry Kissinger and Chase Manhat­ But the recent testimony of Ronald drome." tan Bank Chairman David Rockefeller, Regan's principal cabinet nominees During his election campaign, Rea­ and was endorsed by Carter's National with responsibility for foreign policy­ gan and his supporters attacked Car­ Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. Alexander Haig for secretary of state, ter's. foreign policy for being overly For decades the Rockefeller family, Caspar Weinberger for secretary of weak, too concerned with human which controls Exxon as well as the defense, and for United Nations am­ rights, ready to sell out "friends" Chase Manhattan Bank, has played a bassador, Jeane Kirkpatrick­ abroad just because they might be major role in choosing the secretary of indicates that this is not the case. dictators, and too ready to give away state under Democratic as well as While there will be some changes in U.S. "vital interests" like the Panama Republican administrations. HAIG tone, the basic thrust of U.S. foreign Canal. Such campaign themes, while To take just the most recent exam­ policy under Reagan will build upon distorting the real thrust of Carter's ples, the secretary of state under In 1969 the Democrats lost control of the foundations laid down by Carter. policies, served the purpose of continu- Kennedy and Johnson was Dean Rusk, the White House. Although Califano who had been president of the Rocke­ left office in the change of guards, he 'Vietnam syndrome' feller Foundation. Rusk continued to put in a good word for Haig with When Carter took office, imperialist draw "severance pay" from the foun­ Henry Kissinger, who was coming in foreign policy options were severely dation while in office. as Nixon's national security advisor. restricted by the deepgoing opposition Under Nixon and Ford, the secretary Kissinger hired Haig, by then a co­ of American working people to any of state was Henry Kissinger, a long­ lonel, as his top assistant. (Inciden­ military intervention abroad, what has time protege of Nelson Rockefeller, and tally, Califano was Haig's legal coun­ been called the "Vietnam syndrome." the recipient of a $50,000 gift from him. sel during the recent confirmation Carter's main aim in office was to Kissinger directed a special studies hearings.) undercut that sentiment and to con­ project for the Rockefellers from 1956 Haig did loyal service in the Nixon vince working people that they are to 1958. White House, where he participated in threatened by developments in foreign Carter's first secretary of state was CIA plots to overthrow Chilean presi­ lands and must be ready to intervene Cyrus Vance, who became chairman of dent Allende, helped plan the bombing militarily. the board of trustees of the Rockefeller of Cambodia and the Christmas 1972 To this end, Carter launched a mul­ Foundation in 1975. And now under carpet-bombing of Hanoi, and took tifaceted propaganda campaign. On Reagan we have Alexander Haig. charge of wiretapping other top offi­ the one hand, foreign policy goals were Haig became a member of the board cials at Nixon's behest. couched in the more palatable terms of of directors of Rockefeller's Chase support for "human rights." On the Manhattan Bank last February. Supports Canal treaty other hand, Carter tried to convince In his recent confirmation hearings working people that we are threatened 'The more things change . before the Senate Foreign Relations by an expansionist Soviet juggernaut In 1962, Haig was handpicked by Committee, Haig made it quite clear that has to be checked. Joseph Califano to serve in the that he supports and intends to con­ The main targets of possible U.S. Kennedy administration as deputy tinue the basic thrust of recent U.S. military intervention in defense of special assistant to Secretary of De­ foreign policy. imperialist interests are revolutionary fense Robert MeN amara. In contrast to some of Reagan's struggles in the Middle East, Central When Califano became President campaign rhetoric, Haig stated that he America, and the Caribbean. Johnson's top domestic advisor, Haig supports the Panama Canal treaty, Thus a Rapid Deployment Force, for gained direct access to the White which is anathema to the right wing of intervention in the Middle East and KIRKPATRICK House. Continued on page 19 I Communist Party offers gov't some free advice I By Harry Ring ment of State is not currently a department of The Communist Party leadership has followed When is a Communist Party not a communist confrontation. this class-collaborationist policy for so long that it party? One indicator is when such a party spends In his classic work, Imperialism: The Highest even finds itself speaking the language of the time offering free suggestions to the capitalist Stage of Capitalism, Lenin argued against self- capitalist rulers. government on how best to accomplish its purposes. professed Marxists who asserted that imperialism In that vein, the Daily World editorial argues that The Communist Party USA is a case in point. was a "policy" and not an inescapable expression of Haig's the "wrong man for the post" because he For instance, take the editorial advice offered by the economic laws of capitalist development. "speaks for the military-industrial complex, not the the January 13 Daily World to the Senate Foreign They claimed that imperialism was a "policy" in national interest" (emphasis added). Relations Committee, then considering the nomina- order to justify muting the class struggle and No question, Haig speaks for the "military- tion of Alexander Haig for secretary of state. industrial complex" -that is, the capitalist rulers of supporting allegedly progressive capitalist forces, Citing Haig's hawklike views and reactionary who would supposedly pursue a nonimperialist "pol- this country and their two political parties. But record, the World, which expresses the views of the icy." what is this "national interest"? Communist Party, urged the Senate committee to Capitalist politicians speak of the "national inter- slow down. Lenin mercilessly exposed this anti-Marxist est" all the time to promote the fraud that this "The post," the editorial advised, "can remain fraud. He demonstrated scientifically that indus- country is not divided into classes with fundamen- open until a new nominee is found and if that is not trial and finance capital in its most advanced stage tally opposing interests. They try to persuade work- -acceptable to Ronald Reagan he could pick a new of development-and decay-is driven by a choice ers that it's in our interest to help the employers nominee for the job. that is beyond subjective determination and control. make more profits. And they try to persuade draft- "General Alexander Haig;" the senators are That choice is to expand or die. age youth that it's in the "national interest" for f u rth er t old , "'1s the wrong man "'~or the pos t ·" The imperialist powers assault freedom struggles .them to fight and die for Texaco and the other "The wrong man"? Who would be the right one? around the world, back military despots, escalate imperialist giants whose investments are threat- Zbigniew Brzezinski, Haig's Democratic clone, the arms race, and push the world to the brink of ened by liberation struggles. who was the real secretary of state under Carter? destruction because they must have cheap labor, The capitalist rulers today face a rising rebellion Henry Kissinger? expanding markets, and secure, low-cost raw mate- on a world scale. They are driven to pursue the kind Or one of the various figures who helped Lyndon rials. Not because the "wrong man" is at the helm. of bellicose policies so bluntly enunciated by Haig. Johnson ~nd John Kennedy conduct the Vietnam That's why he was tapped for the job. War or the 1961 invasion of Cuba? Since the rise of Stalin, the Moscow bureaucrats Those policies can and must be militantly op- "Sadly," the World editorial adds, Haig's confir- have stubbornly closed their eyes to this reality. posed by the workers. It won't be accomplished by mation "would make the Department of State a They bend every effort to maintain the world status free advice to Ronald Reagan on how to find the Department of Confrontation as it was during the quo, which they believe will ensure their continuing "right" man for secretary of state. cold war days." material privileges. The bipartisan jingoism of the rulers will be What's it been since those days-a dove-breeding Th~ Stalinist leadership of the American CP has effectively opposed by working people acting in department? for years served as the U.S. voice of that Kremlin their own class interest and building their own The people of Cuba, Grenada, Nicaragua, El policy. That's why it encourages workers here to working-class political party, a labor party. They Salvador, Iran, and a host of other countries would look to "progressive" capitalist politicians to curb will do it by shattering the reactionary hoax of certainly be interested in learning that the Depart- militarization and the drive toward war. "national interest"-not by promoting it.

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 7 $5 million more in U.S. arms to Salvador By Stu Singer Five million dollars in deadly wea­ pons was James Carter's last contribu­ tion, as U.S. President, to El Salvador. The. aid will supply the government there with M-16 automatic rifles, gre­ nade launchers, helicopters to move combat troops and more U.S. advisors for its murderous war aga_inst the Salvadoran people. The new military aid, authorized January 16, came only days after Carter resumed the $5 million in "non­ lethal" military aid he had cut off after the murder of four U.S. missionaries in El Salvador last December. Ten million dollars of our tax money. For what? The U.S. government claims the increased military backing is neces­ sary because the Salvadoran opposi­ Picture taken during filming in December of 'EI Salvador: Another Vietnam?' The camera crew came across this body in a park. tion fighters of the Farabundo Marti Film, by Glenn Silber, documents horrors of government repression. It was shown on television January 18. National Liberation Front (FMLN) are receiving military supplies from other countries. government, where an internal war is been hearing that Castro was sending and tortured. U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador now going on." people into El Salvador. I heard it Is it any wonder that the masses Robert White promoted this cover story The Salvadoran opposition also de­ when I was there all the time. have decided to fight to the end to just as the new aid was being autho­ nied the report. "Any time there was any disorder throw out this government and its U.S. rized. ·He accused the Nicaraguan gov­ , Even the U.S. ambassador to Nicara­ among the hungry peasants, among allies? ernment of landing 100 guerrillas on gua, Lawrence Pezzullo, said he had no the people who were discontented or Or that world opinion, including the Salvadoran coast, who were con­ information about any guerrilla land­ thought that they could live a little many figures in the Catholic Church, fronted by the junta's troops. ing in El Salvador. better than they were living, any time is increasingly siding with their rebel­ Newsweek magazine was so im­ The "proof' of the "Nicaraguan in­ this happened, someone would come to lion? pressed with the invasion story that its vasion" finally resorted to by the junta the Embassy and say the Cubans have Archbishop Oscar Romero of San Januaty 26 issue featured a map with is the claim that the guerrillas' boats landed. Salvador, who was assassinated by the an arrow running from Nicaragua, were made from wood that does not "We heard it over and over again. In junta last March, was quoted on the across the Gulf of Fonseca, and into El grow in El Salvador. With that logic, fact, it was used to such an extent that TV program as explaining, "When all ' Salvador. The arrow was labelled "Ni­ you could prove that all the guerrillas we were urged to send communications peaceful recourses have been ex­ caraguan landing." are foreign, since they use weapons equipment back in the early '60s to El hausted, the Church deems insurrec­ But the "Nicaraguans" have yet to made of steel. Steel is not produced in Salvador to make it easier to control tion a morally justified option." be produced. Infact, neither Washing­ El Salvador. the Cuban threat. It's been going on ton .nor the junta has been able to In addition to raising the specter of a for twenty years." New York bring forward any concrete evidence of Nicaraguan threat, Washington is try­ That's the real point of the charges Speakout on El Salvador Nicaraguan involvement in El Salva­ ing to sell the American people stories of Cuban and Nicaraguan influence Sister Patricia Haggerty, Maryknoll dor. of a Cuban threat. Ambassador White today: to justify more military aid to Sisters The January 18 Washington Post, told U.S. News and World Report that the junta and take the spotlight off the Elmo Diog, CISPES for example, reported that "U.S. diplo­ "Cuba and ... other countries" are real outside influence in El Salvador: Kim Pearson, Black journalist mats here insist they have firm evi­ "supplying the leftists with arms." the U.S. government. dence of Nicaraguan aid to the guerril­ Edward Velez, Forest Hills H.S. Anti- But an excellent program aired na­ Washington's backing of the junta, Draft Committee. las, but none has been made tionally January 18 on Public Televi­ and now its stepped-up military aid, public.... " Anibal Yanez, managing editor, sion put the charges of Cuban and allows the despots in power to continue 'Perspectiva Mundial' · The Nicaraguan government imme­ other "foreign" influence in a clearer their repression of workers and diately protested the invasion accusa­ context. The program, titled "El Salva­ farmers whose only crime is tO demand tions. In an official note to Washing­ Sat., Jan. 31 dor: Another Vietnam?" featured an political freedom and an end to impov­ 7:30p.m. ton, the Nicaraguans said, "We are interview with Murat Williams, former erishment. 108 E. 16th St., 2nd Fl. deeply concerned when we hear repre­ U.S. ambassador to El Salvador from In 1980 alone, some 12,000 people Donation: $2 sentatives of the government of the ·1961 to 1964. Here's what he had to say were killed in El Salvador. Tens of Ausp: Militant Forum United States make such allegations, about Cuban threats and foreign "in­ thousands have been driven off the For more information: (212) 533- just when a decision has been made to vasions": land and crammed into refugee cen­ 2902 renew military aid to the El Salvador "Actually for twenty years we've ters. Union activists have been jailed AIFLD: no friend of workers or farmers As labor opposition to U.S. policy in first American trade unionists" killed Richard Allen. Peter Grace attended "these good men . . . our brave El Salvador grows,. the top leadership in Latin America-possibly in the one of the meetings also. U.S. Ambas­ friends." They may have been Lane of the AFL-CIO continues to back the world-while carrying out their official sador to El Salvador Robert White paid Kirkland's friends, but they were no brutal Salvadoran dictatorship. The duties overseas." his respects. friends to working people in El Salva­ official AFL-CIO News has been filled These individuals, neither one of. Lane Kirkland described the two as dor or the United States. -S.S. for weeks with eulogies for the two whom was a member of a trade union, representatives of the American Insti­ were carrying out official duties for tute for Free Labor Development AIFLD, an organization whose board (AIFLD) who were killed in El Salva­ of trustees is chaired by. Peter Grace, Labor figures protest U.S. aid dor in early January. head of W.R. Grace, an anti-union On January 17, 3,000 people dem­ Killeen, director of sub-region 10 of corporation with large holdings in AIFLD runs a U.S. government­ onstrated in Berkeley, California, the United Auto Workers. Latin America. Doherty has been iden­ backed land reform program in El against U.S. intervention in El Sal­ In Northern Minnesota, a state­ tified as a CIA agent. Top AFL-CIO Salvador that serves as a counterinsur­ vador. ment circulated by the Committee gency measure against the rural popu-· officials describe AIFLD as, "[an arm] Some eighteen banners, represent­ Against Registration and the Draft lation. The goal is to convince landless through which the AFL-CIO main­ ing official local union participation, calls for an end of U.S. aid to the peasants they have a stake in defend­ tains an active and effective trade wen~ carried by protesters from the Salvadoran government. Two of the . ing the current government. union foreign service." International Longshoremen's un­ signers are Gerald Cleveland, vice­ AIFLD does not defend working But where peasant organization has ion, which is boycotting arms ship­ president of the Duluth AFL-CIO, people against bosses, but it does have actually taken place around land re­ ments to El Salvador; and locals of and Joseph Samargia, president of an active twenty years of existence. It form, government troops have moved the Machinists, Communications played a role in the U.S.-organized Steelworkers Local 1938. in to kill the leadership. (See January Workers, Hospital Workers, Service In Los Angeles, an open letter to 23 Militant). overthrows of governments in Brazil, Employees, Hotel and Restaurant President Reagan, backing the West the Dominican Republic and Chile. In The two AIFLD men were killed by Workers, United Transportation Un­ Coast dockworkers boycott and op­ El Salvador, the labor cover it provides Salvadoran government assassins. ion, as well as teachers, molders, posing U.S. economic and military the bloody government makes it easier The reactionary ruling families whose office workers, public employees, aid, has been signed by J.P. Foley, to get away with the massive jailings wealth is based on the land oppose and printing locals. District 1 director of the Oil, Chemi­ and murders of urban and rural union making any concessions whatever to The day before, at the University cal and Atomic Workers Union, and leaders and the destruction of union the peasants. It is a telling sign of the of California, there was a six-hour others. desperation of the regime that even halls. Most unions in El Salvador back the opposition. teach-in on El Salvador. More than In the San Francisco Bay Area a AIFLD has become a target. 1,000 people participated. labor meeting to protest U.S. inter­ In trying to whip up backing for U.S. The AFL-CIO News also reported on In a number of areas around the vention in El Salvador was organ­ policy in El Salvador, AFL-CIO Presi­ memorial services for the dead AIFLD country statements are being signed ized for January 22. The call for the dent Lane Kirkland has been portray­ agents. Attending were such "labor" by labor officials and others protest­ meeting went out over the signatures ing the dead AIFLD agents as repre­ figures as Carter's Secretary of Labor ing U.S. support to the dictatorship of twenty-one union officials, headed sentatives of American workers. The Ray Marshall; Secretary of State Ed­ in El Salvador. In the Twin Cities in up by Walter Johnson, President of AFL-CIO News wrote that AIFLD mund Muskie; Reagan's nominee for Minnesota, signers demanding an Department StOre Employees Local Executive Director William C. Doherty, U.N. Ambassador, J eane Kirkpatrick; end to U.S. military aid include Bob 1100. Jr., said he believed these were "the and Reagan foreign policy advisor

8 U.S. rebuffs offer to Anti-Klan conference set negotiate on El Salvador for Washington Jan. 30-31 By Matilde Zimmermann want to talk with the owners of the A conference to discuss "New educators, and the churches in the MANAGUA-Washington has re- circus, not with the acrobats." Radical Strategies to Stop Klan anti-Klan movement. jected an initiative by the revolution- The international isolation of the and Nazi Violence" will take place "We see this as an educational ary forces in El Salvador to open talks Salvadoran junta is increasing. On at Howard University in Washing- and working conference," says on the possibility of resolving the civil January 17 the Ecuadoran parliament ton, D.C. January 30 and 31. The Akinshiju Ola, a conference organ- war there. This information was made passed, with only one dissenting vote, meeting is sponsored by the Anti- izer. available here January 17 by the Fara­ a statement of solidarity with the Klan Network. The meeting will begin at 1:00 p.m. on Friday, January 30 at the bundo Marti National Liberation Salvadoran people. Author Patsy Simms and Sam B. Blackburn Center, Howard Univer­ Front (FMLN) of El Salvador. Even in Venezuela, where the official Ethridge of the National Education sity. Registration is $15. The FMLN said that the U.S. gov­ government line tends to be pro­ Association (NEA) are among the For more information, contact: ernment at first indicated it would talk Washington and pro-junta, a week­ scheduled speakers. Panels and Anti-Klan Network, c/o IFCO, 348 to the Salvadoran opposition about the long national campaign, which in­ workshops will discuss the nature Convent Avenue, New York, N.Y. following six topics: a cease-fire, total cluded the personal intervention of the of the Klan, and the role of labor, 10031, or phone (212) 926-5757. reorganization of the government, dis­ president, forced the Salvadoran gov­ solution of the repressive forces, reor­ ernment to release imprisoned Vene­ ganization of the army, reforms, and zuelan filmmaker Nelson Arrieti. elections. Prominent Christian Democrats in On January 14 an official represen­ Italy have called for an emergency tative of the Revolutionary Democratic joint meeting of the world union of Front (FDR) and FMLN went to the · Christian Democrats and the Second U.S. Embassy in Honduras to express International to deal with "the con­ willingness to begin such a dialogue as tinued violation of fundamental soon as the U.S. government stopped rights" by the military/Christian Dem­ arming the junta and promised not to ocratic junta and with the threat of intervene militarily in El Salvador. U.S. military intervention. The State Department's answer, Inside El Salvador, the junta is on a says the FMLN, "was to close off all stepped-up drive to suppress all news possibility of a dialogue with us, to reports except those it writes itself. launch its campaign of blackmail El lndependiente, the only opposi­ against Nicaragua, and to step up its tion newspaper that previously circu­ military aid to the murderous junta." lated somewhat openly in El Salvador, was raided January 18. A number of This was followed by a public decla­ journalists were arrested. Salt Lake steelworkers back eyeglass drive ration by U.S. ambassador to El Sal­ The night of January 17, the offices vador Robert White that, "the United United Steelworkers Local 7889 in Salt Lake City has posted up a letter of the Independent News Agency (API) States will never permit the installa­ to its members at the Galigher Company. in San Salvador were occupied by the tion of a Marxist government in El The letter reads in part: National Guard. The news agency's Salvador." "Local 7889, in cooperation with our international USWA officers, is directors and staff were taken off to a A five-person political diplomatic police barracks. collecting prescription eyeglasses for the people of Nicaragua. These commission recently named by the Among the last pieces of news to glasses will be used to further the literacy campaign organized by their FDR has repeatedly stated its willing­ emanate from API and El lndepen­ government.... ness to sit down and talk to the U.S. diente before the raid were reports of "Nicaragua's Government of National Reconstruction, which came to government at any time, although it the use of white phosphorous incen­ power July 19, 1979, has organized the reduction of illiteracy in the does not see any point in negotiating diaries, similar to napalm in their country from over 50 percent to around 13 percent in just five months. with the puppet government in San effect, in the bombing of civilian popu­ The campaign received a United Nations award in September for its Salvador. As FDR president Guillermo lations near the San Vicente volcano impressive results. Manuel Ungo explained last week: "We east of San Salvador. "During the first phase of the literacy drive, the most common problem for teachers and students alike was a lack of prescription eyeglasses. The USWA and other organizations have stepped forward to close the gap Congresswoman exposes U.S. lies between what is needed and what is available . ... MANAGUA-Rep. Barbara Mi­ vador is neither popular nor moder­ "The Government of National Reconstruction is reorganizing the kulski (D.-Md.), who recently vi­ ate nor elected by the people-all of society shattered by the Somoza dictatorship. The literacy drive is part of sited Nicaragua, toured Salva­ which we were told it was." this effort. So is a unionization campaign; 80 percent of the urban doran refugee camps in Honduras Mikulski said the refugees all workforce is now organized. The rate under Somoza was 7.5 percent. " January 17 and told the press she told her stories of "atrocities, would campaign against U.S. aid cruelty, torture, rape, and murders Maryknoll magazine on Cuba's role to the junta when she got home. at the hands of El Salvador army Mikulski told reporters, "Now I troops, but no one m~de any such Since the tragic murder of three Maryknoll sisters and a lay worker in see that my government has lied to accusations against the guerrillas." El Salvador, the activities of the Maryknoll order have come to interna­ me and lied to the American people She promised to play tape record­ tional attention. The order publishes a magazine, Maryknoll, which runs about what is happening in El ings of these personal histories to important articles on Central America. Salvador. A civil war is going on the other members of Congress. The August 1980 Maryknoll carried two articles on the medical aid and because the government of El Sal- -M.Z. education provided by the Cuban government to countries around the world. One article, "Cubans in Matagalpa," describes the activities of Cuban medical volunteers in Matagalpa, a Nicaraguan city ravaged by Somoza. r---- The Militant invites you to:----, "They come only to give," the local Nicaraguan health director is quoted as saying of the Cuban volunteers. The issue details similar aid given by Cuba to Angola and Ethiopia. :·Visit Nicaragua : Other issues have carried material on El Salvador and an interview with Cuban leader Fidel Castro. : for Sandino D~s • To obtain a copy of Maryknoll write to Maryknoll Fathers & Brothers, Maryknoll, New York 10545. 1 February 15-22 : I I Boston churches hold solidarity events I I On January 4 the Catholic Connection sponsored a special mass and I The Nicaraguans didn't stop fighting for I workshop in memory of the four slain U.S. missionaries in El Salvador. 1 their liberation when General Sandino was I Two hundred fifty people turned out at Our Lady of Victories Church. murdered February 21 . 1934. Now they cele- It was reported that 120 parishes and convents sent in petitions 1 brate that anniversary in a country which protesting U.S. aid to El Salvador, signed by more than 4,200 people. 1 they. not Yankee imperialists, control. On These were handed over to the Reagan transition team on January 5. this tour you can share in the celebration I and learn about the challenges still facing Following this, Humberto Cardinal Medeiros led a "Special Mass for the I Nicaraguans in rebuil_ding and defending Oppressed Peoples," attended by 450 people. their homeland. I Visit Managua, Estell, Matagalpa, Chinan- Detroit procession for Salvador martyrs dega, Leon. Visit a sugar mill. Meet with 1 members of the Women's Association, San- On January 24 a memorial service and procession will take place to 1 dinista Youth. Association of Agricultural honor the four U.S. missionaries and the thousands of Salvadorans I Workers and other unions, Sandinista De­ murdered in that country. The activity is under the auspices of the fense Committees, and literacy volunteers. Michigan Interchurch Committee on Central American Human Rights. A 1 Tour costs $750, which includes round trip flights from New York, hotels (double occu- collection will be taken for Salvadoran refugee assistance. Gather at 1 pancy), three meals per day, transportation the Central United Methodist Church at 11 a.m. January 24. 1 within Nicaragua, and the services of a -Nelson Gonzalez Nicaraguan guide. Payment and passport I information are due January 30 (new ex- 1 tended deadline). To apply send $100 deposit along with I your name, address, and phone number to: I Perspectiva Mundial Tours, 410 West Street, -· Please send information on activities in your area to Nelson New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone (212) 929- ...;. Gonzalez, 14 Charles Lane, New York, New York 10014. L3486. ~ .

THE~------~------1 MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 9 Secret memo exP-oses Lockheed lie Six more hit by anti-union firings in Georgia By Michael Pennock The October 20 memo reports on a During contract negotiations last know Lockheed's stated reason for the ATLANTA-In a continuing s~ries union meeting the previous day at fall, Lutton talked about the need for a firings simply isn't true. Particularly of anti-union firings, at least six more which some workers passed out "Com­ strong union in order to win a good those who worked and talked with the workers have been discharged by Lock- munist literature." This refers to a contract. He encouraged other workers fired workers. heed aircraft in Marietta, Georgia. leaflet on a resolution passed by a to join the union. Two workers were discussing this This brings to fifteen the number fired recent convention of their union, the He also participated in civil rights between shifts one day. since December. All are members of lAM, calling for a discussion on the activities in Atlanta. He attended a One was explaining to the other, International Association of Machi- need for a labor party. The leaflet also "Walk of Remembrance" last No­ "They think they have to fire these nists Lodge 709. reported support for the labor party vember for Atlanta's missing and mur­ people. There's going to be a war down The union, which has already filed proposal by candidates of the Socialist dered Black children. He also attended South [Latin America], Iran, some­ grievances on behalf of the first nine Workers Party then running in the the march of 5,000 people to the grave place. What would it look like to have fired, is expected to quickly file grie- elections. of Martin Luther King Jr. on January antiwar workers talking about their vances for the six. The memo says that two subse- 15. ideas and marching in the streets?'.' The newly fired workers include Jeff quently fired workers had "answered In the past two years Lockheed has One of the main reactions to the Rogers, Allison Beckley, Roshanda 'No' [on their job applications] to the experienced an increase in military firings among workers in the plant is Blackwell, Peb Brock, Rob Lutton, and question involving membership in a orders. They have hired many new pure disgust with the company. Michael Pennock. Communist organization or political younger workers. "I don't understand all the things Lockheed has insisted that the fir- party which advocates the overthrow A large number of these workers you talk about," said a friend to Ro­ ings are because of discrepancies on of the U.S." hold views the company doesn't like. shanda Blackwell, one of those fired. job applications. However, a newly At the same time, the memo notes They are against the draft and the "But I certainly don't want to see you released secret Lockheed document that their employment applications threat of war. They don't like speedup. go." proves that the company initiated the were in order. However, an "intensified They are prounion and pro-civil rights. Fear is another element. This is, of firing process after spying on a union investigation" is proposed. Lockheed has launched a campaign course, the reaction the company is meeting-that the firings are based The sixty pages of files resulting to get these workers out of the plant. promoting. One worker is worried solely on the fact that Lockheed ob- from the investigation detail an exten­ Shop stewards and other workers about a minor arrest in the 1960s. It's jects to their union activity and politi- sive system of company spies within report that a number of recently hired not on his application. It could cost cal views. the plant, at union meetings, and at young workers have been taken to him his job. The latest document to be released, political events in the area. They re­ plant security. There, they have been Still other workers are angry about dated October 20, 1980, is the first in a veal the use of electronic eavesdrop­ grilled about their employment appli­ the firings and want to fight back. series of internal memos on the activ- ping, and the tailing of workers to cations. They have been calling the union hall ity of those fired. Yet it was released their homes, to stores and restaurants. One worker, with an extensive job and demanding the union take a more than a month after other files. The files also include a list of sus­ history, was given two weeks to fur­ strong stand. Why is not clear. (Lockheed was subpo- pected members of the SWP, including nish security with "complete informa­ These are the people who really enaed in December to tum over the workers who do not belong to the SWP. tion about all his previous jobs." understand that an injury to one is an documents and to give pretrial testi- Among those newly fired is Rob This included short-term jobs in injury to all. mony in connection with the Socialist Lutton, who is not an SWP member. other states ma:q.y years before. Lack This is how a machine tool operator Workers Party and Young Socialist But like the other fired unionists, Lut­ of complete information could have put it: "After the socialists, it looks like Alliance lawsuit against government ton is the kind of worker Lockheed is resulted in dismissal. they're going to go after the Blacks spying and harassment.) anxious to get rid of. Many of the workers in the plant next." Because there are none Gov't stalls on naming 'illegal acts' by socialists By Nelson Blackstock This gets the government .lawyers Williams: "In other words, you want "In other words, in plain English, NEW YORK-Observers in Judge into some tough spots. me to come forward with the exact what is it that you claim those files Thomas Griesa's federal court here For example, the SWP and YSA words of the statutes that are violated show, and when? January 8 got a glimpse of the govern­ have requested the complete FBI files " "And that would really be rather ment's new defense strategy against on six central leaders of the party­ Judge Griesa: "What is it that you illuminating, if you have got a file on a the Socialist Workers Party and Young Jack Barnes, James P. Cannon, Far­ say is shown by the way of illegal act? person that goes from, say, 1940 to Socialist Alliance lawsuit. rell Dobbs, Joseph Hansen, Andrew . . . In other words, did they plan a 1980, and that file shows, according to A week earlier the government had Pulley, and Carl Skoglund. bombing of the Chase Bank Building, you, a violation of the Smith Act and.a issued a document outlining its defense While the FBI has stalled on hand­ or did they sell heroin, or did they-" conviction in 1941 and nothing after, posture for the trial, set to begin March ing these over, the U.S. attorneys Mr. Williams: ••Your Honor, I am not that h~s a particular significance. You 16. In the document the government insist the files contain evidence of trying to be facetious. Two of those six can argue about that. openly asserts its right to spy on, · illegal activity and will be part of their individuals were convicted of federal "If you claim that the file shows that harass, or kick out of the country defense. statutes. ..." they were part of a bombing of the anybody whose political ideas it At the January 8 hearing, Judge Judge Griesa: "You mentioned that Chase Manhattan elevators back doesn't like-even if they have done Griesa requested- as he has before­ before." whenever it was, which was late six­ nothing illegal. that the government specify just what Mr. Williams: "I know." ties or early seventies, that is another At the same time, in a weak effort to illegal activities the files show. Judge Griesa: "And that occurred thing. We can argue about what that strengthen their hand, the government about forty years ago." means." lawyers have started to make accusa­ Hard to pin down This is a reference to the Smith Act tions about illegal acts by the SWP Here's how Assistant U.S. Attorney conviction of leaders of the SWP and No evidence and YSA. But they won't specify what! Edward Williams responded: the Teamsters union on the eve of Of course, the government has come World War II. The Smith Act bans .forw ard with no such evidence because ideas- the expression of ideas the gov­ none exists. That's why this line of ernment deems call for its overthrow defense keeps coming back around to "by force or violence." the government's fundamental posi­ Later,· Judge Griesa continued: tion-that it has a right to go after the Douglas Fraser backs suit "Please come up as soon as you can SWP and YSA because of their revolu­ with a statement as to the nature of tionary Marxist ideas. Douglas Fraser, president of the Send contributions and state­ the illegal activities you claim are Williams's mention of the Voorhis United Auto Workers, recently be­ ments of support to: Political shown by the files.. . ." Act is just another attempt to obscure came a sponsor of the Political Rights Defense Fund, Box 649, the real issue. The Voorhis Act, Rights Defense Fund, which organ­ Cooper Station, New York, New 'It would be illuminating' another piece of thought-control legis­ izes support for the for the socialist York 10003. Williams: "Violation of the Voorhis lation, requires an organization to suit. register with the attorney general if it Fraser joins dozens of other Act." J udge Griesa: "Whatever you want is "subject to foreign control" and/ or prominent labor endorsers, includ­ its purpose is to "overthrow a govern­ ing Lou Antal, president, District 5, to say." Williams: "The determination made ment by force." United Mine Workers of America; If the government thought it could Cesar Chavez, president, United not to prosecute." Judge Griesa: "Fine. And the date. nail the SWP for violating the Voorhis Farm Workers, AFL-CIO; Russell Act it's a sure bet federal prosecutors Gibbons, assistant editor, Steela­ What you say, whatever the conduct is that you want to rely on at the trial. I would have tried by now. In fact, in the bor, United Steelworkers of Amer­ four decades this law has been on the ica; American Federation of State, don't really know what the Voorhis Act says. I am thinking in terms of do books, nobody has ever been prose- County & Municipal Employees cuted under it! · (AFSCME); Moe Foner, executive you claim they left the country ille­ gally for Cuba and returned under So the government lawyers tried secretary, District 1199, National another gambit. They claimed that Union of Hospital and Health Care false names? "Do you claim they participated in while they did have evidence of illegal Employees; Michigan Federation of acts, they really couldn't talk about it. Teachers; Victor Reuther; and the plan of a bombing? David Livingston, president of Dis­ "Do you claim that they participated trict 65, United Auto Workers. in the burning of draft cards? 'Cannot be disclosed' Get your union to go on record in "Do you claim that they dodged the Williams: "Now, there is some mate­ support of the suit. Ask labor offi­ draft? rial which discloses illegal activity cials for their endorsement. "Do you claim that they participated which cannot be disclosed and which in some assassinations? Continued on page 21

10 Unionists, others support lAM members The following messages were Southern Regional Director 'Un-American treatment' are my own and do not reflect an recently sent to Lockheed. The American Civil Liberties Union ' 1 am shocked to learn ... of the firing official policy of Clergy and Laity fired workers are asking support- Gene Guerrero of 9 Lockheed workers connected with Concerned, by whom I am employed. ers to send protests to: President Executive Secretary, American the Socialist Workers Party.... they Our. steeri~g committee does 1_1ot meet Robert Ormsby' Lockheed- Civil Liberties Union of Georgia seem clearly to have been singled out agam until the second week m Janu- Georgia Company, South Cobb AI Horn because of their political beliefs, which . ary .and s? has had no chan~e to Drive, Marietta, Georgia 30060. Attorney, Law Project are unrelated to their abilities to per- co~sider thi~ m.atter. We. are an mter- Copies should be sent to: Presi- Leaman Hood form the jobs for which they were faith. or~an~zatlon, ~o:kmg on .P~ace dent, International Association of Regional Director, American Fed- hired. and JUSt~ce Issues Withm the rehgious Machinists, Local Lodge 709, 1032 eration of State, County and Mu- commumty. We are more accustomed Clay Street, Marietta, Georgia nicipal Employees, AFL-CIO Even more offensive to me are indi- to working on cases of political repres- 30060. An additional copy should cations through the newspaper that sion in other countries, than in our be sent to the Political Rights you use surveillance against your em- own back yard. Defense Fund, Box 649, Cooper Civil rights ployees, to the extent of having them I sincerely hope that Lockheed will Station, New York, New York As a member of the National Board followed to their homes and nonwork reconsider its unfair and un-American 10013. of the American Civil Liberties Union activities. treatment of these fired workers. and as chairman of the North Carolina ... Their treatment is a disgrace to Leslie Withers Advisory Committee to the U.S. Com- Lockheed and to the wider community. Southeast Regional Coordinator, mission on Civil Rights, I would like to The opinions expressed in this letter Clergy & Laity Concerned Mine workers express to you and to the company We protest firings of SWP members strongest regret in this unfortunate act at your plant. Justification for firing by your company. This is the kind of because of application discrepancies is action that moves all people concerned a cover-up for political discrimination. with the protection of civil rights and Fired workers on tour We deplore your actions against free­ civil liberties to vehement protest. I Two of the fired Lockheed workers, Chris Hoeppner and Andree Kahlmor­ dom of speech and association and urge your reconsideration immediately. gan, are currently on national tour to get out the facts on their case. They demand that you reinstate those fired. W. W. Finlator will be speaking before unions, political groups, and through the news Pullen Memorial Baptist Church, media. M. Bustin, B. Boyd, M. Merchant, Raleigh, North Carolina. For details on their schedule when they visit your area, consult your local D. Ferguson listing in the Socialist Directory on page 23. Members Local 2095, United Mine Workers of America, Phillipi, West Protests company spies Virginia. I deplore the firing of the nine social­ ist IAM members from your company. Firing them for their political beliefs 'Attack on all unionists' and union activities is wrong. They should be rehired immediately. I also Insist that you cancel termination of protest the use of company spies at members of lAM Local 709. These union meetings and at the work place. firings constitute an unconditional John Borgen attack on civil liberties of all unionists, Field Representative, Minnesota regardless of political persuasion. Education Association John E. Hilsman Secretary, National Association of Bill of Rights Letter Carriers, Branch 783; Dele­ The documents made public ... indi­ gate Monogalia-Preston, West Vir­ cate harassment and surveillance be­ gima, Central Labor Council, cause of political beliefs and union AFL-CIO activity. Such tactics endanger the civil liberties of us all. I call on you to work for the rein­ statement of those who have been Andree Kahlmorgan Chris Hoeppner ACLU, AFSCME dismissed from employment and to Jan 20-26 New York, Jan. 23-28 Los Angeles We protest the firing of the 9 bring an end to practices that are New Jersey Jan. 30-Feb. 4 Bay Area members of the lAM who are support­ contrary to constitutional guarantees Jan 29-31 Boston Feb. 6-9 San Diego ers of the Socialist Workers Party. We of freedom as outlined in the Bill of Feb. 1-4 Houston Feb. 11-14 Seattle ask their reinstatement and an end to Rights. Feb. 6-8 Dallas Feb. 15-18 Portland all spying and harassment based on Sam M. Clark, Jr. Feb. 11-17 Chicago, Gary political beliefs or union activity. Trinity United Methodist Church, Feb. 19-21 Winston-Salem Laughlin McDonald Atlanta, Georgia

~bt Atlanta ~tournai Cown Oiaie like the dew

Richard Who's watching you? Ma1:thews

THE CIUCAGO PoUee Department used to proteet American-style freedoms party members at work, at union meet­ plant where they worked assembling air­ to bave somethlna called tbe "Red shouldn't destroy those freedoms in the ings, in their homes and at protest craft. This sweeping condemnation of Squad," a special unit tbat spied on peo­ attempt. rallies. They also conducted surveillance members of a political party is, once ple and groups It thougbt posed some But it looks like pollee spies aren't our of friends of the employees. again, a hallmark of the old days of ~ threat to the leCUI'ity of the Free World. oaly problem; There are other "intelll­ The reports by the security officials lice and FBI spying abuses. Amoq the folks it kept fila oa were the ceaee ageata" rwmillg around watching are marked by a "guilt-by-association" This is not to suggest that compaales Leape of Womea Voters, the NAACP, people, watching their friends, compiling mentality that harkens back to the days ·don't have a legitimate right to be con­ the Jewish War Veteraaa, the UDited dossiers oa them and filing reports on of Joe McCarthy. Workers are singled cerned about who their employees are Auto Workers md the Chlc:aao PTA. their backgrounds aad political leanings, out for having attended the University of and what they do - they should be able to find out infonnation about them to tbe Pollee lateWgenee units an over the aad they are doing so outside the frame­ California at Berkeley, " . ..a center for work of govemmeata and outside the re­ dissident and subversive activities during e:ttent that it bu something to do witb couatry, u well u the FBI, loa& auf. the way tbey perform their jobs. Having fered from tbls kiDd of overkill mental­ stralats imposed oa pollee or other offi­ the Vietnam era." cially empowered bodies. SWP members working on military air­ ity wbea 1t came to spyiD& OD polltic:al Another, the investigators reported, craft might well make Lockheed a bit activity by people who were too liberal They are tbe "security" offieers of attended a Miami high school "known nervous, but if they do their work for their tastes. Tbey aot oaly raapd far private businesses, the people who keep for its liberalized ideas towards politics properly and well, then what philo­ beyODd wbat mipt be eoaaldered tabs OD employees and sometimes inves­ and activities within the school struc­ sophies they espouse in their off-hours reuouble taraeta for eoneem, they tigate aoa-employees who for one reason ture." U this is supposed to be a black ought to be their own business. weat far beyoad legltimate, eoastitu­ or another cllallke something about their mark on the employee's record, it is The essential point is that there should tioaal teclmlques 1D their aurve1llaac:e compaaies. There are signs that the apparently because the security offieer be some limitations on the kinds of sur­ .IJid iDflltration of varlouaaroups. overzealous taeties once used in police thinks mere exposure to such an atmos­ veillance private busbieS! can do on Fortuaately much of the abuses by aati-subvenive work live on in the world phere poisons one's patriotism; the atr American citizens - people who have 1DteWcence apnetes bave beea eurtalled of buaiaea and ladustry. surdity of that view is revealed when the done nothing wrong, especially those who aow; courts aad legislators aad other A reeent case involving Lockheed­ investigator says he knows what the high merely happen to be friends of "sus­ pubUe offldals bave put restrainta on ~ Georpa Co. and members of the Social­ school is like because he went there, too. pects" - just as there are limitations on Uee apia to keep them foeused oa real ist Workers Party who were employees The security officials describe the official agencies. We should not have to poteDtlal threats, DOt legltlmate polltic:al there provides ewnples. Files kept by SWP as a "terrorist organization," but fear that some big company is spying oa aetivlty, aad to see that the metbodl Lockheed security officials, obtained by there is no evidence provided to support us just because we went to a "liberal" they use are themselves legal. The idea the SWP tbrougb a court order, show that, and no evidence that the workers high school or once had a friend who be­ Is that law eaforeemeat ageneles seeking that eompany investigators spied on have done anything improper at the longed to the "wrong" political party.

This column appeared in the January 9, 1981 Atlanta Journal.

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 11 The following speech by Cuban PLAUSE) as one of the principal mas­ which our problems were analyzed only meet it but even surpass it. (AP­ President Fidel Castro was given terminds and strategists of the Nicara­ down to the last detail from a critical PLAUSE) to a mass rally in Havana, which guan people's victorious struggle. and self-critical standpoint, all the way Our Party analyzed and approved was held on December 20, 1980, to (APPLAUSE) There -we heard Caye­ up from the Party nuclei to the Party some basic ideas regarding the coun­ close the Second Congress of the tano Carpio, that hero who has de­ Congress. (APPLAUSE) The funda­ try's future development up to the year Cuban Communist Party. This voted his whole life to the cause of mental problems were analyzed, a 2000. We cal). now allow ourselves to speech is only a small part of the •liberating his people, the people of El review of our work in the last five think not only in terms of one year or material that has appeared in con­ Salvador, (APPLAUSE) and who years was made and on balance the five years but also in terms of 20 years, nection with the Second Congress. brought us the message of all the results were undeniably positive. What (APPLAUSE) basing ourselves on real Future issues of 'The Militant' will united revolutionary organizations in our people have done in such a brief factors and the elements of security contain additional coverage of this El Salvador. (APPLAUSE) We heard period of time in every sphere is really provided by our close economic rela­ congress. Castro's speech to the the words of our brilliant, staunch and incredible: (APPLAUSE) the progress tions and our coordination plans for December 20 rally is reprinted upstanding friend and brother, [Gre­ made in building socialism and devel­ development with the Soviet Union from the December 28 issue of the nada Prime Minister Maurice] Bishop. oping our economy; the number of and the rest of the socialist countries. English-language 'Granma' (APPLAUSE) We heard the message of plants we've built amidst the interna­ (APPLAUSE) weekly, published in Havana. the Chilean revolutionaries through tional economic crisis; the extraordi­ Thus, as far as our country's eco­ that veteran fighter who is so highly nary progress made in education, pub- nomic development is concerned, we • • • esteemed in our country, Luis Corva­ · Distinguished Guests; lan, (APPLAUSE) the secretary of the Dear Compatriots: Communist Party of Chile, who suf­ Today I will be briefer than on other fered fascist repression in his own occasions. (SHOUTS OF "NO!") The flesh and who expressed his people's main ideas have been expressed in the will to struggle with words that recall his country's national anthem, Fidel: 'Cuba course of the Congress and I don't want to be repetitious. It has already namely, "on the side of reason must become a tradition for our Congress, also be strength." (APPLAUSE) We the Congress of our Communist Party, heard with profound emotion and we to come to a close here in Revolution might even say that we shed tears negotiate w-i1 Square amidst our communist people. together with [Uruguayan Communist (APPLAUSE) Party leader] Rodney Arismendi, (AP­ This is the third time this year that PLAUSE) that friend of our country we meet in the Square. I believe that, who is so highly esteemed and ad­ as far as mass mobilization in our mired, that extraordinary man who for capital is concerned, 1980 has been the many years, shoulder to shoulder with most extraordinary year ever. his people, championed solidarity with It's impossible to forget the glorious o'ur Revolution. days of the March of the Fighting People. It's impossible to forget how International support much the people of our capital and of We heard messages from our Ango­ Havana province have done for the lan brothers and. sisters, from our Revolution this year: April 19, May Mozambican brothers and sisters, from Day, May 17, September 27 and today. our Ethiopian brothers and sisters, I remember thinking 'on each of from our Guinean brothers and sisters, these occasions that it couldn't possi­ our African brothers and sisters. (AP­ bly be repeated. It seemed impossible PLAUSE) We heard messages from for that multitude that gathered along our Vietnamese, Kampuchean and Lao Fifth Avenue on April 19 to ever brothers and sisters, from our Afghan gather again, but it wasn't too long brothers and sisters, from our Arab afterward that we saw a similar crowd brothers and sisters; (APPLAUSE) gathered here in this Square. And then messages from our brothers and sisters I was sure that a rally such as the one the French and Portuguese Commu­ on May Day would never be repeated. nists, (APPLAUSE) who embody the And yet, we again had the opportunity most consistent positions and ideas of to see that same multitude gathered on the workers' and revolutionary move­ May 17, and again on September 27, ment in the capitalist countries. (AP­ and again today in Revolution Square. PLAUSE) We heard the message from (APPLAUSE) our dear brothers and sisters from the The people of the two Havana pro­ socialist camp (APPLAUSE) and, most vinces must be given recognition and especially, from our dear and insepara­ Text of December 20,1980, s1 thanks for their great, extraordinary ble Soviet Union. (OVATION) And we .k support for the Revolution and the had the pleasure to hear, in the words Party. (APPLAUSE) of that tireless fighter, of that hero of the cause of communism Henry Win­ Linked to masses ston, (APPLAUSE) the message from Today you have demonstrated in the most pure and the most honest of practice what we said at the Congress the U.S. people. (APPLAUSE) about our Party's solid, profound and Those who gathered here represent indestructible ties with the masses. the healthiest, purest, most consistent (APPLAUSE AND SHOUTS) Thus the of the fighters for the cause of libera­ great truth that the Party is the Party tion, democracy, social justice and of our people and that the Party exists peace. (APPLAUSE) This is why we through the people and for the people felt so stimulated at the Congress and is hereby confirmed. (APPLAUSE) also because it reveals the extent of the Our basic problems were analyzed in prestige of our country and our Revolu- · depth by the Congress. However, I tion and of the trust that the world's would say, as we said this afternoon, revolutionary and progressive forces that the basic characteristic of our have placed in it. It also reveals the Congress was its internationalist char­ tenacious and heroic efforts our coun­ 'The leadership of the Party was give acter. (APPLAUSE) try has been making to contribute to We can assert that the world's revo­ the world revolutionary movement and a strong dose of women, and a stron lutionary, progressive and democratic international solidarity. (APPLAUSE) forces were present at our Congress. Our country has gained a great deal of We could assert that the world's prestige in these years. However, we do lie health, culture, social development, can look toward the future with more healthiest, most honest forces gathered not struggle to win prestige. (AP­ institutionalization of the country; in confidence and assurance than ever here at our Congress. (APPLAUSE) PLAUSE) Our Revolution's prestige the establishment of People's Power; in before. (APPLAUSE) derives from our loyalty to principles. Hemispheric change the development of socialist democ­ However, the most important, the (APPLAUSE) And more important racy; and, above all, the progress made most revolutionary thing about this In fact, there were times when it was than the prestige is the confidence that within our mass organizations, the Congress was the composition of our hard to tell whether it was a Cuban all the world's revolutionaries must Young Communist League and the Central Committee. (APPLAUSE) The _Congress or a Congress of the world's have that Cuba can always be counted Party. (APPLAUSE) leadership of our Party was given a revolutionary forces. (APPLAUSE) on, (APPLAUSE) that the Revolution's strong dose of worker cadres, (AP­ The guests who spoke at our Con­ loyalty to the immortal principles of We must take into account that the PLAUSE) a strong dose of women gress outnumbered the Cuban dele­ Marxism-Leninism is not only the line number of workers in our Party has (APPLAUSE) and a strong dose of gates who spoke. (APPLAUSE) And, followed by this generation but will almost tripled, which means that our internationalist fighters. (APPLAUSE) of course, not all the guests spoke since also be the line followed by the ·genera­ Party has become more proletarian Therefore, our masses are repres­ that would have been impossible, but tion of the Pioneers, whose representa­ and, therefore, more Marxist-Leninist ented on the Central Committee not those who did conveyed to our people tive spoke here this afternoon, (AP­ and more revolutionary. (APPLAUSE) only indirectly through the Party but and Party the message from the main PLAUSE) and the line followed by the also through Party members heading forces that are changing the world future revolutionary generations. (AP­ the mass organizations, chiefly our today. (APPLAUSE) Those who spoke PLAUSE) New five-year plan wor.ker organization and our women's illustrated the changes that are taking Our Party worked in drawing up the organization. Also included are repre­ place, particularly in our hemisphere, Great domestic progress future plans and our Congress ap­ sentatives of our peasant organization because there we heard the message, Our Congress did not only discuss proved the economic guidelines and and of our largest organization, the the warm, fraternal and solidary voice international matters. It also dealt the 1981-85 five-year plan. (AP­ Committees for the Defense of the of Nicaragua through Comrade Hum­ with national affairs. The Congress PLAUSE) The plan was carefully and Revolution. (APPLAUSE) berto Ortega, who is known, admired was the crowning point of a period of prudently drawn up on very realistic Therefore, a direct link between the and esteemed by our people (AP- work that lasted many months during bases. Therefore, we hope we will not Party and the masses has been estab- 12 1ed at this Congress. Furthermore, in the leadership of our Party, al­ our people for the difficult interna­ to. (APPLAUSE) We're ready to resist principle was established that no though that leadership includes men tional situation we're going through, for 100 years-that is, if imperialism tter where a Party member, whether who fought in the Sierra, who took preparing the Party and our people for lasts that long. (APPLAUSE AND nor woman, happens to be, in Cuba part in the struggle against bandits, in any eventual confrontation with impe­ SHOUTS) They threaten us with naval mtside Cuba, working in production the October Crisis and who fought in rialism. (APPLAUSE AND SHOUTS blockades? Let them impose that kind ;he services, holding down an admi­ Angola and in Ethiopia. (APPLAUSE) OF "FIDEL, FOR SURE, HIT THE of blockade and they'll see how much trative job or doing scientific work, The fact that through our Revolution­ YANKEES HARD!") the Cuban people can endure! (AP­ engaged in any other kind of activ- ary Armed Forces more than 100,000 Needless to say, we have made it PLAUSE AND SHOUTS OF "FIDEL, the Party ·will not forget him or fighters have fulfilled internationalist clear to Mr. Reagan that we're not FOR SURE, HIT THE YANKEES . (APPLAUSE) This means that the missions is really extraordinary. (AP­ afraid of his threats. (APPLAUSE) If HARD!") eaordinary honor, the very great PLAUSE) there's something we dislike very If we had to disperse all over the ponsibility of belonging to the top This is why our Central Committee much, it's being threatened by anyone. country and till the land in order to dership of our Party can be earned can now present a legion of heroes: We don't like anyone to try to. intimi­ survive, and do it with oxen and plows, cutting cane, (APPLAUSE) work­ heroes of the revolutionary struggle in date us. We just· don't like it. Besides, hoes and picks, we'd do it that way, : in a mine, working in a laboratory, our country, heroes of international­ our people forgot what fear means a (APPLAUSE) but we'd go on resisting. Lnaging a factory or a farm, being a ism, Heroes of Labor, heroes of mate­ long time ago. (APPLAUSE AND If they think that we're going to sur­ de union leader, leading a province rial and intellectual work, heroes of SHOUTS OF "FIDEL, MAKE THEM render because we run out of electricity RESPECT US WELL!") Our people or buses or fuel or whatever, (AP­ lost the taste of fear a long time ago. PLAUSE) they'll see that they'll never We're aware of the fact that the bring us to our knees, that we can international situation is a difficult resist for one, ten or as many years as and complex one. We're aware that necessary, even if we have to live like 'Will never there's a real danger of war. We're also the Indians that Christopher Colum­ aware of the need to struggle and to bus found here when he landed 500 mobilize world public opinion in order years ago. (PROLONGED AP­ to put a stop to the arms race, to put an PLAUSE) end to international tension, to eradi­ One thing, though, we wouldn't be b. principles' cate the danger of war. We can contrib­ using spears or arrows. We'd have a ute to this objective within the limits of rifle, a grenade or a mine in our hands. our modest forces. We know full well (APPLAUSE) Maybe a tank, a cannon what kind of a world we're living in. or a bazooka, or an antiaircraft gun, As we said in the Main Report, never anything we could lay our hands on! before has humanity lived through (APPLAUSE) The imperialists better such times as these, with the existence not have any hopes. We might as well of enormous nuclear arsenals, with tell them to stop having hopes-and to tens of thousands of nuclear weapons stop threatening us! pointing in all directions. We know If they were to decide to attack us, that there's a great danger that a then they better get ready to see men, worldwide conflict may break out some women, old people and even children­ day, and we believe that humanity, even the little Pioneer who spoke here particularly our people, must be aware today-in action. (PROLONGED AP­ of these dangers and mobilize in order PLAUSE) If they dare invade our to struggle against them, each person country, more Yankees will die here fighting with all his strength. The fact than in World War II, (APPLAUSE) remains that a certain attitude must be because we will not stop fighting under taken in view of these realities. any circumstances: in the front lines, in the rear, in the underground. We Special dangers will not stop fighting as long as a We are threatened by a number of single drop of blood remains in our dangers. Of course, should a world veins. (APPLAUSE) conflict break out, it would affect every This is what we should be willing to nation without exception. However, do and it is what we're willing to do! Of since our country is located in this part course, we'll see what happens; we'll of the world, close to the United States, see what happens, because we're apart from the danger that any world neither short of fighters nor are we conflict would represent for us, we're unarmed. If they want to spare them­ constantly being threatened by impe­ selves a lot of effort and decide to drop rialist attacks, and in view of these 20 atom bombs on us, let them go realities it is necessary to adopt a ahead and do it. We've already gone 3ech to the Cuban people certain attitude. through the experience of being threat­ On occasion, the imperialists speak ened with atom bombs, and I don't condescendingly about their being wil­ remember a single citizen of this coun­ ling to lift the blockade, willing to try-not a single one!-losing any spare our lives, if we stopped being sleep over it. (APPLAUSE) Without internationalists, if we withdrew our histrionics of any kind, we would fighters from Angola and Ethiopia, prefer a thousand times over to die (SHOUTS OF "NO!" AND "CUBA SI, than to surrender! (APPLAUSE) We YANKEES NO!" AND APPLAUSE) if will not make a single concession to we severed our close ties with the imperialism. We will not renounce a Soviet Union. (SHOUTS OF "NO!") single one of our principles! Needless to say, for us it is neither a pleasure nor a whim to have thou­ Central America firm sands of our fighters in other lands. The peoples of the world are not so However, the day that we call back a weak today, and I believe that the day single man-a single one-it will be when all the peoples of Latin America because he's no longer needed or be­ are as willing to defend their country cause of an agreement between the as Cuba is to defend itself, as willing governments of those countries and us, as Nicaragua is, (APPLAUSE) as wil­ a strong dose of worker cadres, (APPLAUSE) but never as a conces­ ling as Grenada is, (APPLAUSE) im­ sion to imperialism! And our ties with perialist domination in this hemis­ dose of internationalist fighters.' the Soviet Union will never be broken. phere will disappear. And we could Never! Those ties will exist as long as have added the willingness of the the Soviet Union and Cuba exist, (AP­ Salvadoran revolutionaries (AP­ a mass organization on a nation­ Party work, a group of men and PLAUSE) because we're a revolution­ PLAUSE) and the Guatemalan revolu­ de or provincial level. women who have amassed extraordi­ ary people, because we're a consistent tionaries. (APPLAUSE) The imperial­ We believe that our Central Commit­ nary merits. And the principles that people, because we're a staunch, loyal ists are threatening to intervene in ' has been greatly enhanced by the were observed in electing the Central and grateful people, because we loathe Central America, as if this will intimi­ esence of new mem hers closely Committee were also observed in elect­ opportunism! (APPLAUSE) And if we date the Central American revolution­ lked to the masses. (APPLAUSE) ing the Political Bureau. (APPLAUSE) were to choose between treason and aries. The revolutionaries in El Salva­ And thus, Comrade Vilma Espin, (AP­ evelopment of party death we would prefer death a thou­ dor and Guatemala have been fighting PLAUSE) Comrade Roberto Veiga, sand times over! (PROLONGED AP­ out in the open and in the underground )ur Party has developed a great deal (APPLAUSE) Comrade Jose Ramirez -PLAUSE) for 20 years, and they would find it d now has some 450,000 members Cruz (APPLAUSE) and Comrade Ar­ much easier to fight against the invad­ d candidates. It is no longer a con­ mando Acosta (APPLAUSE) were Principles nonnegotiable ers than against the henchmen who >meration of organizations, and no­ elected alternate members of the Politi­ Principles are not negotiable. There serve the Yankees and who still have a dy remembers what organization cal Bureau. Therefore, the women, the are people in the world who negotiate uniform, a flag and a national anthem ey came from. Our Party is now workers, the peasants and the Commit­ with principles, but Cuba will never of their own. (APPLAUSE) mposed of a single solid trunk. Our tees for the Defense of the Revolution negotiate with principles! (AP­ Humberto spoke of Sandino here. Lrty is now something new, a Party are directly represented in the Political PLAUSE) And we're sure that neither Those were different times, the balance at has developed throughout these Bureau of our Party. (APPLAUSE) In this nor future generations will ever of forces then was not what it is today .st 22 years. It's no longer a question our opinion, this is an extraordinary negotiate with their principles! (AP­ and neither did the mighty interna­ the history of the war or before the step forward that will raise the effi­ PLAUSE) tional revolutionary movement nor the tr or the struggle in the under­ ciency and quality of the work of the What right does the United States solidarity that exist today exist then. It ound. It is in fact also a question of leadership of the Party and the entire have to tell us who our friends should is true that Sandino defeated the Yan­ e history written by new genera­ country. be? kee invaders with a handful of poorly ·ns, of the heroic history of our Now then, we believe that one of the So they threaten us with maintain­ armed men, and the invaders had to ople in these 22 years of struggle. basic tasks fulfilled by the Congress ing the economic blockade? Let them get out, leaving Somoza and the Na- PPLAUSE) This is already reflected was that of preparing the Party and maintain it for 100 years if they want Contlnued on next page 13 Continued from preceding page Party and the people to fight under the sugar mills and the canefields are at the Congress. We're proud of this tional Guard there-until the end came any circumstances. (APPLAUSE) We working with exceptional enthusiasm, proof of the ties between the Party and for Somoza and the National Guard in must support the motion made by the and I believe that they personify the the masses, of the people's support for the same way that it will eventually militiaman who spoke on behalf of the spirit of struggle and work that pre­ the Revolution, of their support for the come for all the Somozas and their Regiment of the Territorial Troops vails throughout the country. Party, support that you have demon­ from Pinar . del Rio (APPLAUSE) in strated here today before the represen­ henchmen in this hemisphere. (AP­ When we resume our activities, when regard to raising funds to purchase tatives of over 140 revolutionary, pro­ PLAUSE) all the delegates to the Congress return arms (APPLAUSE) and devoting our gressive and democratic organizations home, they should be guided by the Therefore, there are two basic conclu­ free time and even part of our vacation from all over the world. (APPLAUSE) idea and the commitment of giving full sions we can draw from this Congress. time to the training program, in order I believe that I'm conveying the support to production, the services, the One, the work, the efforts to boost not to affect the economy. (AP­ feelings of every member of the Cen­ sugar harvest and the tasks of defense. production and the services. I said PLAUSE) tral Committee and the Political Bu­ there are two conclusions and we must We're not going to start wondering reau accurately by saying that we live up to them. The first thing we One thing must not clash with the whether the Yankees will spare our have always had great confidence in have to do is to tackle all our difficul­ other. Work in production and the lives or not. What we should concern our people and that today that confi­ ties head-on and devote ourselves to services must go hand in hand with ourselves with is preparing ourselves dence is greater than ever! (AP­ work, to the services. (APPLAUSE) We combat training. We must prepare for the struggle and letting them PLAUSE) That we, who have always must redouble our efforts, work more ourselves, there's no doubt about that. know-as we said in the Congress­ been optimistic, feel more optimistic efficiently and be more demanding in We must rely principally on our train­ that they're going to find "a hard nut than ever! (APPLAUSE) That we, who agriculture, at school, in the hospitals, ing rather than on the enemy's sanity. to crack and a deadly thorn in their have always felt committed to the everywhere. In short, I would say we We must rely on our own forces and side." (APPLAUSE) These are the two Revolution, today feel more committed must work more and better than ever not on the enemy's common sense. basic ideas we should take with us than ever! (APPLAUSE) before. (APPLAUSE) This is why now more than ever be­ from the Congress. Long live our glorious Communist fore, we must become a people of Comrade delegates to the Congress Party! (SHOUTS OF "LONG UVE!") Two basic tasks workers and soldiers. (APPLAUSE) and compatriots, we must say that we · · Long live proletarian international­ Second, we must prepare ourselves to We're in the midst of the sugar have plenty of reasons for feeling ism! (SHOUTS OF "LONG LIVE!") defend the country. In other words, harvest and it's going well. The accum­ satisfied, in fact, for being proud of the Long live the people! (SHOUTS OF these are the two basic tasks: produc­ ulated potential output average is 88 results of this Congress, of being proud "LONG LIVE!") tion and defense. (APPLAUSE) We percent, a figure that was never of what our Party is today, of the Patria o muerte! must organize the Territorial Troops reached in December last year, not quality of the Party, of the quality of V enceremos! Militia (APPLAUSE) and prepare the even on a single day. The workers in the men and women who represented it (OVATION) S.F. Mime Troupe inspired by Cuba visit ·. By Caroline Lund * * * of the Mime Troupers explained. "Once velop a new socialist person, one who SAN FRANCISCO-The San Fran- "One of the most impressive things you are accepted as an artist, theater, works not for money or for themselves cisco Mime Troupe, an internationally to us was that racial tension or racism or cultural worker, you are paid by the alone, but for other people and for the known theater group, made a two-week was never apparent to us anywhere we government like other workers. You whole society. And · you see this hap- tour of Cuba _I~st October, invited by went in Cuba." can get sick, you can get pregnant, and pening among the youth. This is what the Cuban Mm1stry of Culture. still be able to earn a living, unlike the they are living for." "Some of us went on this trip with * * * situation in this country." pretty jaded and cynical attitudes," "In Cuba, theater and life have a * * * explained one of the Mime Troupers. direct relationship to each other.... * * * "Cuba is really the hub," said one of "But when we had to leave Cuba we It made a profound impact on me to On women: "There is a conscious the Troupers, as she told how they were in tears. What we saw there see a society that believes art and the attempt in Cuba to support women in were able to talk in Havana with provided us with a spiritual boost and artist are educators of society, to see a moving toward equality, in moving Sandinistas from Nicaragua and lead­ refocused our work again." society where artists are never separ- toward a real fifty-fifty sharing of ers of the revolutionary organizations Founded twenty-one years ago, the ated from the people by that commer­ household tasks between husband and in El Salvador. One of the script wri­ Mime Troupe was well known for its cialline that we have in this country." wife." ters of the Troupe went on to El Salva­ dramatic works in opposition to the One example they described was of a One of the Cuban plays that im­ dor after Cuba. "The Cuba tour has Vietnam War in the 1960s and '70s. It group of stevedores in Havana who propelled us into doing work in the does much of its performing in parks to had formed a threater group that per­ pressed the Troupe was called "Ni Un Si, Ni Un No" (Not a Yes, Not a No), future around the struggles in Central try to reach people who can't afford formed on the wharfs. They were paid America." commercial theater prices. by the government for. their time spent which dealt with relationships between On January 2 members of the rehearsing and touring in other cities. men and women. "The theme of it was Troupe presented a slide show of their Another company, the Cubana de if there is no struggle, there is no real * * * relationship." And increasingly, part trip and answered questions from the Acero theater group, started out as a The Mime Troupers concluded the of the struggle, explained the Troupe audience. Following are some high- group of steelworkers who began to meeting with a message to the Ameri­ lights from the comments of three perform in their spare time. When they member, is women fighting for dignity can people from Cubans they had met. members of the Troupe. became popular, the Ministry of Cul­ and equality. "They told us to say that they know ture sent someone to propose to them well the difference between the Ameri­ * * * they stop being steelworkers and de­ * * * can people and the American govern­ vote their time to acting. It was pro­ On youth: "The feeling you get in ment, and they wanted to extend the "We never received better treatment posed that they begin with a tour of Cuba is that the future of socialism lies warmest welcome and solidarity to the in a capitalist country than we got in performances in Nicaragua. with the youth. Their idealism is so American people and urge them to socialist Cuba." "The Cubans believe in culture," one strong. They are really trying to de- come to see Cuba for themselves." r-•The Militant, Perspectiva Mundial, and the Socialist invite you to:------I I Visit Grenada March 9-16 i I Visit Cuba I I Come celebrate the second anniversary of the I I for MayDay Grenadian revolution! Learn about the literacy I I drive, the program to give "idle lands to idle hands," and the development of new industry. I Stay in a guest house near Grand Anse Beach I : April26-May 3 south of St. Georges. Visit a Center for Popular I I . Education, new housing, the airport under construction. Meet with activists of the New I I It's only ninety miles from Florida, but During the week there will be time to Jewel Movement, Grenada's leading party; Na­ I I the U.S. trade blockade against Cuba explore Havana on your own and tional Women's Organization representatives; I I and the campaign of lies about life there maybe even get to the beach! and Cuban volunteers. I make it unknown territory for most I Americans. Why not go see for your­ Tour costs $500, which includes I I self? Celebrate May Day, the interna­ round frip air transportation from Miami, I hotel accommodations (double occu­ tional workers holiday, in Havana. Tour costs $810, which includes I pancy), three meals per day, transpor­ I By being part of this tour you can round trip flights from New York, guest I tation for group visits, and the services show your solidarity with the workers house (double occupancy), two meals I of a bilingual Cuban guide. Deposits are I and farmers of Cuba, learn about their per day, taxes, and service charges. I due February 27. Full payment and lives, and bring the truth back with you Full payment is due by February 6. I passport information deadline is March I to the U.S. Airfare portion may be charged on I 20. The tour will be especially designed credit card. I I for American trade unionists who want To apply send $100 deposit with To apply send $150 deposit with your I I to learn about unions and working con­ name. address. and phone number to: ditions in Cuba. You will stay in a hotel your name, address, and phone I I number to: Perspectiva Mundial Tours, Perspectiva Mundial Tours. 410 West in Havana, visit workplaces in the city, Street, New York, N.Y. 10014. Tele­ I I and take day trips to small farming com- · 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone (212) 929-3486. phone (212) 929-3486. I I munities. I

L------14 ------~ Antilles: French repression• By Janice Lynn are the victims of illegal searches and The French government has un­ intensified surveillance. leashed a new wave of repression Over the past ten months, an organi­ against young, Black anticolonialist zation called the Armed Liberation fighters and trade union militants on Group (GLA) has claimed credit for the Caribbean islands of Martinique some fifteen bombings in Guadeloupe, and Guadeloupe. Martinique, and France, warning the These French-ruled islands in the French colonialists to "pack their Antilles are considered to be "overseas bags" and leave Guadeloupe. departments" of France. The latest French settlers have seized upon government repression has been in re­ these bombings as a pretext for calling sponse to the upswing in anticolonial­ upon the French government to in­ ist and pro-independence struggles crease its repressive forces in the An­ over the last year. tilles. In Martinique, three pro-indepen­ Heavily armed police have been sta­ dence and socialist activists were re­ tioned at traffic checkpoints, under the cently convicted on charges stemming pretext of searching for the GLA. from a July 1979 protest in which some Broad-based committees of trade un­ 150 demonstrators had entered the ions and anticolonialist organizations French government-owned television have been formed in Martinique and studios in Fort-de-France. Guadeloupe and have been organizing They were demanding that the sta­ Antilles.' activities to counter the repression. tion give coverage to the arrest of six Demonstrations in Martinique and Black youth and the subsequent death Guadeloupe were held to protest the of one of them while in police custody. recent visit by French President Val­ Radio and television broadcasts in They were given a two month sus­ Racist graffiti has recently begun ery Giscard d'Estaing. the Antilles usually come straight from pended prison sentence, but are appeal­ appearing on walls in the capital city On January 1, the GLA claimed France and have little relation to what ing the conviction. of Pointe-a-Pitre, with such slogans as responsibility for an explosion at the is happening in the Antilles. In the nearby island of Guadeloupe, "Blacks back to Africa-Guadeloupe Justice Building in the Martinican The three activists convicted were militant anticolonial and antiracist for the French." capital. Nine pro-independence acti­ Renee Ravoteur and Gilbert Pago, struggles have also taken place. The vists were rounded up by the police. leaders of the Socialist Revolution official unemployment rate in Guade­ The French government has in­ Among those arrested was GRS · Group (GRS), the Antilles section of loupe is around 40 percent-with an creased its troop strength in the leader Gilbert Pago. Protest demon­ the Fourth International, and Gerard even higher rate among Black youth. Antilles to 16,000, with a correspond­ strations were quickly organized. The Beaujour, of Combat Ouvrier, affiliated Wages and benefits such as social ing step up of harassment of Black pro-independence activists were re­ with the Lutte Ouvriere group in security are significantly lower than in youth. Young Guadeloupans are fre­ leased, and no charges have been filed. France. France. quently stopped for questioning and From Intercontinental Press Iranian workers hail new unions in Poland The following resolution in soli­ 3. During the past two years the rialist powers rule us any longer. That darity with the struggle of the oppressed masses of Iran have made is why the imperialist power, espe­ Polish workers and their inde­ tremendous gains. Many factories cially U.S. imperialism, is constantly pendent union, Solidarity, was have been nationalized and are run by attacking our revolution. That is why sent to the union in Gdansk, Po­ Islamic councils. The lands which the reactionary regime of Iraq, which land. It was adopted December 3, belonged to the Pahlavi Dynasty and is being directly supported by U.S. 1980, by the Elected Islamic Coun­ many big landlords have been distrib­ imperialism, has attacked our country. cil of Employees at the Polyacryl uted amongst the poor peasants. We 4. We think that your struggle for Corporation, a textile factory in ·have gained the fight to form our own workers democracy is a just and revo­ Isfahan, Iran. Islamic workers' councils. By taking lutionary struggle. The claim of the part in the Jihad for Reconstruction western news agencies that you are Militant brothers and sisters, and the Jihad for Literacy we are under the influence of Western capital­ 1. Everyday we hear some news helping our poor peasants to better ists is a slanderous accusation. We about your struggle to form a legal and their living conditions and to educate understand that, because these are the recognized workers union in Poland. them. Above all we think that our same news agencies which say that So far you have gained the right to Islamic revolution is an international­ our Islamic Revolution is "reaction­ strike and the right to form independ­ ist revolution and we constantly try to ary." We support your fight and lend ent unions. We congratulate you for export it to the whole world. We sup­ our solidarity. these victories. The new demands that port the just struggle of Palestinians, Long live the solidarity of the op­ you have raised, which include freeing have learned the fact that the only South Africans, the Black and Indians pressed masses of the world! of your militant fellow workers who way to continue our revolution is to of the United States and all the strug­ Hands off the militant ¥olish work­ have been arrested recently, show that rely on the support of the oppressed gles of the oppressed masses of the ers! you still have a long and hard fight masses. Our Islamic revolution is an whole world. We will not let the impe- From Intercontinental Press before you achieve workers democracy ongoing revolution which has only that you are fighting for. The attacks begun. In order to guarantee its conti­ by the Polish government show that nuity we have built our Islamic work­ this will not be an easy fight, but you ers' councils and Imam's committees. have a lot to gain from it. We are also building the Army of 2(}. 2. Through our Islamic revolution Million under the leadership of Imam which was led by Imam Khomeini, we Khomeini.

Guatemalan feminist disappears Alaide Foppa, a well-known art :· :: . critic and feminist author, disap­ peared on December 19, 1980, in Guatemala City. Although Foppa had lived in exile in Mexico City since 1955, she had returned to Guatemala to visit her aged mother. The Guatemalan Democratic Front Against Repression has ac­ cused Guatemala's army intelli­ gence service of complicity in the disappearance. Foppa, the mother of four, is a university professor and coeditor of Fem, one of the few feminist maga­ zines in Latin America. For eight years she has hosted a radio pro­ Fidel Castro at the UN The Nicaraguan Revolution gram in Mexico called Women's Full text of Cuban leader's October 12, Interview with Nicaragua's minister of Forum. sons in Mexico City demonstrated 1979, speech to United Nations. With in­ agrarian reform, speeches by Castro and Her recently deceased husband, in front of the Guatemalan em­ troduction by Andrew Pulley, 1980 U.S. Sandinista leader Daniel Ortega, and text Alfonso Sol6rzano, was a member bassy, demanding the immediate presidential candidate, and an article by of Statute on the Rights of Nicaraguans. of the Guatemalan Labor Party presentation of Alaide Foppa. In Fred Feldman on the September 1979 Edited and with an introduction by Pedro (Communist Party) and had served the United States, a number of Nonaligned Conference in Havana. Camejo and Fred Murphy. as director of social security under artists and feminists sent a letter to 48 pages. $1 .25. 80 pages. $2.25. the Arbenz government in the the New York Times calling for 1950s. Foppa's safe release. Order from Pathfinder Press, 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014. Enclose $.75 On December 22, some 500 per- From Intercontinental Press for postage .

.THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 15 In wake of new attacks Rightist Cuban saboteurs arrested in Florida MIAMI-The FBI announced Janu­ been running radio ads for recruits and mittee of 75, a group of Cuban­ ary 16 that it had arrested seven offering guided tours of their training Americans who have eng1;1ged in a Cuban counterrevolutionary exiles in camps in the South Miami everglades. dialog with the Cuban government. the Florida Keys. Agents also seized a Maybe the FBI should sign up for a Earlier that year, it assassinated Car­ small arsenal, including bombs, gre­ tour. los Muniz, a Cuban living in Puerto nades, a machine gun, and other wea­ Rico who · was a leader of the Antonio pons. Meanwhile, authorities report no Maceo Brigade, a group favoring U.S. The 28-foot boat the exiles were new information on the attempted diplomatic ties with Cuba. Muniz was found in also included literature of bombing December 30 of a travel also a well-known organizer of tours to Alpha 66, a Miami-based exile gang agency near here that provides flights Cuba. with a long record of terrorist activi­ to Cuba. Omega 7, a Cuban exile gang ties. that claims responsibility for a series Discussing the latest bomb attempt, A spokesperson for Alpha 66 said the of "unsolved" assassinations and FBI agent Nettles told the January 1 seven people arrested were in fact bombings, took credit for the attempt. Miami Herald, "It's the first bomb members of the organization. He as­ planted by Omega 7 aimed against The bomb was planted outside the people instead of property." serted they were en route "to a training offices of American Airway Charters camp" at some unspecified site in the in Hialeah, a suburb of Miami. Con­ That's patently false. On March 25, Caribbean. All but one reportedly came cealed in a briefcase, the bomb was 1980, Omega 7 tried-unsuccessfully­ here recently on the Mariel!Florida discovered by a janitor an hour before to plant a bomb in the car of Raul Roa, boatlift. it was set to go off. It contained three Cuban ambassador to the UN. It is a violation of the Federal Neu­ pounds of dynamite, an incendiary trality Act for individuals or groups to grenade,_and ballbearings designed to In October 1979, the terrorists set off prepare a military expedition on U.S. act as shrapnel. · a bomb at the Cuban Mission to the soil against countries with which the UN. Two New York cops and two United States is not officially at war. FBI investigator William Nettles passersby were injured. Earlier, Alpha 66 confirmed a report described the device as "very, very deadly." Finally, two men connected with from Havana that three of its members Omega 7 were convicted in the 1976 had been apprehended and jailed in car-bomb murder of Orlando Letelier, Cuba while on a sabotage mission. About 10 p.m., the time it was sup­ posed to explode, a Miami Spanish­ Chilean ambassador to the U.S. under In a television interview here after the Allende government. the Havana jailings, Enrique Encinosa language radio station received a call of Alpha 66 asserted that three teams Nettles, the agent in charge of the from a man crediting Omega 7 with According to the December 31 Miami of saboteurs had been sent to Cuba in FBI's Miami office, asserted that it's the bombing. News, the FBI has "assigned the high­ the last two months. According to difficult to obtain convictions under Omega 7's terrorist activities are not est priority" to tracking down Omega Encinosa, these terrorists carried out the act. He said the right-wing thugs limited to Miami. The group has com­ 7's members, "none of whom are bombing missions that killed at least "have such strong feelings of patriot­ mitted at least three political murders known." one person. ism that they usually won't testify for in the last two years-including the the Government . .." Perhaps the clueless FBI should The seven arrested here by the FBI New York City slaying of Cuban UN check out the "Cuban Nationalist were charged with conspiracy and Why such testimony is necessary for attache Felix Garcia in September Movement," an Omega 7 front group violations of a federal firearms statute. prosecution, he did not explain. 1980. that operates out of a public headquar­ Bond was set at $250,000 each. In recent weeks Alpha 66 and In 1979, it gunned down Eulalio ters in Union City, New Jersey. They were not charged with viola­ another assassination outfit, Joint Mil­ Negrin in Union City, New Jersey. Or, it might try a phone call to the tion of the Neutrality Act. William itary Command Brigade 2506, have Negrin had participated in the Com- CIA. Thugs assault Baja California stfikers By Jeffrey Allen were hospitalized, including two with and the Sindicato de los Trabajadores Portillo shortly before the attack on TIJUANA, Mexico-Strikers at the bullet wounds in Mexicali. al Servicio (Union of Service Workers). the Baja strikers. They are demanding union recognition, There has been extensive solidarity Autonomous University of Baja Cali­ The attacks were prepared in ad­ acceptance of the contract previously with the Baja strikers from other un­ fornia were viciously attacked in a vance by a government-inspired propa­ negotiated with the university, and the ions and community groups, including series of raids January 5-9. ganda campaign in the media over the rehiring of more than seventy union in the San Diego area. Up to 500 strikebreakers took part in Christmas holidays. Day after day, leaders fired before the strike. At a Militant! Perspectiva Mundial assaults at campuses in Tijuana, Mexi­ articles and ads from "community" forum in San Diego December 5, sev­ cali, Tecati, and Ensenada, which The strike is of national importance groups, "parents," and "students" de­ eral union leaders declared their sup­ have been occupied by striking in Mexico, since it represents an at­ nounced the strike and called for the port for the strike and said they would teachers, nonteaching employees, and tempt to break the independent union reopening of the university. sponsor solidarity meetings in their students since November 14. movement. The PRI, the Institutional­ unions. Speakers included Larry University Rector Ruben Castro Bo­ ized Revolutionary Party which rules The raids included firebombings, Schwartz, president of Local 1931 of jorquez made a public call for the Mexico, has long dominated the union ·shootings, and the liberal use of clubs, resumption of classes the first day the American Federation of Teachers; successfully dislodging the strikers movement. But in recent years inde­ after the holiday break. Since the pendent unions have arisen. Prescott Nichols, executive board from occupied buildings. Although strike had majority support, the rector member of United Professors of Cali­ many right-wing students participated then resorted to the use of porros, The attack on the strikers is also an fornia; and Elizabeth Reed, of the in the attacks, strike leaders told the right-wing thugs hired by the bosses to attack on the Sindicato Unico de los Service Employees International Un­ Militant that there were many un­ break strikes, usually in collusion with Tra baj adores Uni versi tarios ion. known faces among the attackers as the government. (SUNTU-United University Workers Mobilizations of up to 3,500 strikers well, including plainclothes cops. Union), which unites the many inde; and supporters have occurred in Baja Driven from some buildings, strikers The two unions on strike are the pendent unions in the Mexican univer­ cities. A January 11 march of 400 decided to vacate others to avoid Sindicato de los Trabajadores Acade­ sity system. SUNTU was declared testified to the continuing combativity further casualties. Numerous strikers micos (Union of Academic Workers) illegal last fall by President Jose Lopez of the strikers.

sial cases in Colorado. One of them person and any organization that is ing is the battleground the government • • • Martinez resulted in the removal of the adminis­ advocating social change. chose, so we'll have to fight on that Continued from back page tration at the Canon City Prison on "Operation CHAOS" was the gov­ level. matured politically as far as having a corruption charges. This happened ernment's code name for its secret But this has to be complemented practical understanding of history as it through our work in defense of in­ disruption operation against Chicanos, with activity in the streets, that is, applied to me. mates' rights. As a result, the state for example. educating the people. In the late 1960s, the land grant tried to take away my license. To this effect, there have been meet­ struggle [in New Mexico] was going Q. You have been attacked in the ings and political rallies on my behalf on, led by Reies Tijerina. The struggle Q. What can you say about the media for visiting Cuba. What was around the state and in adjoining of the farmworkers led by Cesar government's role in your case? that about? states. Chavez was also taking place. A. It's red-baiting. They are trying People should try to attend my trial, A. There is no doubt that their case to discredit me as a communist. which begins on January 27 in Pueblo. All these things came together at the against me is a police fabrication. It's same time. Since then, I've been a I went to Cuba in 1974. I have no We are also circulating petitions, a frame-up. problems associating myself with peo­ which demand that my right to a fair political activist around many differ­ They have already taken my broth­ ent issues. ple who have an example to offer hu· trial be upheld. er's life and now they are trying to manity. People who have a little bit of extra take away my freedom. Q. At what point did you begin I've gone to a lot of places. I went to · money, we would appreciate donations. A favorite tactic of the federal and We anticipate the defense will cost experiencing harassment from the Cuba and I also went to the White state police agencies is to attempt to $50,000. cops? House. discredit and neutralize activists. One So what? No one is going to tell me A. I think when I started represent­ way they do this is to frame them up where I can go. For more information on Martin­ ing people as an attorney, people in­ on criminal charges. ez's case, contact the Francisco E. volved in some sort of political strug­ Recent lawsuits by political activists Q. What can people do to support · Martinez Legal Defense Fund, P.O. gle. have substantiated that the govern­ you? Box 753, Alamosa, Colorado I was involved in many controver- ment is out to destroy or discredit any A. The legal battle that we are wag- 81101. 16 For·d picketers hit Dallas: steelworkers strike new plant closing against inhuman overtime eleven points to a preacher for blame for inflation on the com­ By Elizabeth Ziers the picket line, Diane Brown, By Linda Loew DETROIT-The 120 protes- speculated that Ford was mak­ going to his church on Sun­ pany's greed for profits, Roose­ DALLAS-One thousand ters at Ford World Headquar- ing idle threats, threatening to days. Two more points and he velt Nickerson, union treasurer workers at two Cooper Indus­ ters in Dearborn on January 8 close the plant to maneuver for can be fired .~· and one of the picket coordina­ tries Gardner-Denver plants, were a varied and complex contract concessions. tors, said, "We don't have Ca­ organized by United Steel­ group. Walking a picket line in Other workers thought it was In "right to work" Texas not dillacs, but we want decent workers Local 6282, walked out the snow and a temperature of one more in a list of several all employees in a plant have food on our tables." on strike at midnight January to be in the union. At Gardner­ 15 degrees, they were from generally stupid and inefficient The strike looks solid. One 12. Denver union representatives several different plants of moves made by the bosses. Still picketer walked with his two­ The company has earned say membership is 98 percent. UAW Local 600, officials and others thought that Ford would year-old daughter who carried record profits in recent years The unanimous vote to strike rank and file, Black and white, send the work out to another a sign that read "I want to see men and women, skilled trades country where it would pay from its oil equipment. It re­ was taken at a meeting of 800 jected the union demand to end more of my daddy." and production, even children such low wages that it would January 10. At that meeting of workers. still profit by shutting down an mandatory overtime. As one worker after worker got up and Members of United Auto striker put it, "We're tired of expressed the need to fight Workers Local 848 joined the By the time they had climbed almost new plant. working eighty hours a week, forced overtime. The second big the hill to the Glass House and There were many conjectures picket line. The strike has been forty to fifty days in a row." issue is the company attempt extensively covered in local had formed a shouting, stomp- and rumors discussed ~m~ng Workers are especially angry to separate the seniority sys­ ing chanting circle smack at the bundled-up yet sh1venng papers. about an attendance program tems between the Sunnyvale the' headquarters' front doors, pickets on the line. But there that gives them points every and Dallas plants. This is in­ On January 17 more than the demand was simple and general agreement on two w~s time they are absent, including tended to divide and weaken 800 members of Local 6282 urgent: "We want work." pomts: Ford should not be al- on Saturdays, Sundays, and gathered to hear a report on ·d· 't . . t lowed to shut down this plant the union. F d h holidays. One picketer com­ negotiations. They voted over­ or as sa1. h '1 1s gomgC t' o and d1srupt' t h e l1ves' of so c1 os e th e M1c 1gan as 1ng · 1 A d mented, "They even gave To top it all off, the com­ whelmingly to continue the c te t f UAW . many peop e. n , no conces- en r, a. segmen ° sions to Ford. pany's wage offer is a measly strike. The members were par­ ticularly angry at the company Local. 600 m Flat Rock. Half of A s anoth er MCC work er ten cents an hour. Workers Linda Loew is a member of pointed out that the price of a arrogance in refusing to hold lts work force'd of 5,000 has sa1' d , "They a 1ways want t o a 1rea d y b een la1 off, and those h ld b k t fl' · United Steelworkers Local gallon of gas has gone up more more than one bargaining ses­ still working came out to say 1°1 ac our cos -o - lvmg than ten cents. Pinning the sion during the first week. "E h " Th · . d b a owance, but nobody ever 6282. thnoug Lo . 1 ey wereb JOme f y t nes· to h old b ack t h e cost o f o er ca 600 mem ers rom living." Ford River Rouge, many of whom could see they might be Several thought the plant should have been shut down the next to go. for the day, with all workers Several TV stations sent ca­ urged to report instead to the mera crews out. This was news picket line. This had been the because it was the first UAW­ original plan, but was organized protest of a plant changed, unfortunately, only a closing to occur in the Detroit few days before. area in more than a year. A committeeman from MCC Workers on the picket line .said, "It's up to each of us out were dismayed at Ford's an­ here today to go back to the nouncement. Michigan Casting plants and take some responsi­ Center (MCC) is only nine bility on ourselves to get all our years old, Ford's most modern brothers and sisters out here on foundry. One MCC worker on these picket lines."

Detroit steelworkers win contract battle By Ruth Robinett printed and distributed to keep DETROIT-Despite the mas­ the membership up to date. sive joblessness in Detroit, Uni­ Two sister USW A locals, Lo­ ted Steelworkers Local 2341, cal 1299 and Local 2659, raised the area's third largest steel money for the strike fund and local, backed the company gave the children a Christmas down in its attempt to take party, Santa Claus and all. away cost:of-living adjustment Through the sale of raffle payments and to force the un­ tickets, every member received . ion into a one-year contract a turkey for the holidays. extension with no improve­ ments. It was clear from the first vote and the participation on After a four-month strike, picket lines that the member­ Mesquite Daily News/Sheila Schindler Local 2341 ratified a new three ship was ready to fight for a Gardner-Denver workers in Dallas show their determination to win: 'We have no choice but to strike.' year contract January 7. better contract. With that back­ Whitehead and Kales is the ing, the negotiating committee area's largest steel fabrication refused to buckle to the com­ plant, producing railroad cars pany's cutback demands. Union remains unbowed as for transporting autos. There The ratified contract main­ are 900 workers in the union tained COLA, although the NIPSCo strike continues tiating team to bring back a The Militant learned from bargaining unit. union was forced to concede By Jon Hillson GARY, Ind.-The strike contract offer it agreed with. the union, however, not even The previous contract ex­ part of COLA benefits in the Since none has yet been pro­ one such person, let alone a second and third year to pay against Northern Indiana Pub­ pired August 31, 1980, and the duced, there's been nothing to handful, ever appeared. for other contract improve­ lic Service Company by United membership overwhelmingly Steelworkers Locals 12775 and put be~ore the membership. rejected the company offer of a ments. These included im­ Under this pressure, the size proved pensions, retiree medi­ 13796 is now more than seven one year contract extension NIPSCo has tried to use this and mood of the unions' De­ cal care, vacations, sick pay, months old. without a mid-year COLA pay­ situation to drive a wedge be­ cember 30 meetings under­ a;nd dental care. An optical ment. Despite the bitterness and tween the union ranks and the scores the determination of the plan was added. length of the strike, the two negotiators. Through direct membership to win a decent The company refused to ne­ Wages were increased fifty­ unions, representing produc­ contract. gotiate, spread rumors of clos­ mailings and a media barrage five cents an hour over two tion and clerical workers at the ing the plant, and attempted to the company has attempted to years and there was an in­ utility, remain unbowed. The bosses are still seeking divide the membership. spark a "back to work move­ crease in supplemental unem­ ment" which could stampede a givebacks of cost-of-living ad­ justments, changes in work The local's response was re­ ployment benefits for workers Well over half of the 4,200 contract vote. flected in a number of activities if there is a layoff. union members turned out for rules that would eliminate jobs, December 30 meetings across But there is no contract. a major gutting of worker pro­ organized to keep morale high. On the first day back at northern Indiana to hear re­ tecdon from work1ng in bad Two mass picket lines were work, what seemed to be a ports from union leaders on the The media have gone so far weather, and a wage package held at the plant's main gate. predominant sentiment was state of negotiations. Nearly as to manufacture "show­ which, while maintaining a Both were covered by local TV. expressed by a young Black 1,000 met in Gary alone, with downs" between "dissidents" COLA, provides for only a 6 Four strike newsletters were welder: meetings in smaller areas and "loyalists." The Post Trib­ percent increase. NIPSCo had "Next time we will be in ranging from 200 to 400. une in Gary reported a "hand­ originally sought a COLA better shape to get more. We ful" of antileadership forces freeze. Ruth Robinett is a member of stuck together this time, and The strike authorization had showed up at the union's United Steelworkers Local you can be sure the company voted by the two locals last headquarters demanding a Negotiations resumed on 2341. noticed that!" year mandate.d the joint nego- vote on the company offer. January 6.

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 17 Behind China's show trial: why bureaucratic thieves fell out By David Frankel Mao responded eagerly, and in Feb­ Top Chinese leaders gathered in ruary 1971, President Nixon met with Peking's Great Hall of the People Mao in Peking. Nixon also ushered in January 1 at a New Year's reception his policy of detente with Moscow that given by the Central Committee of the year. Chinese Communist Party (CCP). But Deng has continued and extended CCP Chairman Hua Guofeng, Mao Mao's policy of collaboration with Zedong's hand-picked successor, was imperialism. It is noteworthy that not there to partake of the "atmos­ none of the crimes that Mao's lieuten­ phere of joy and unity" described by ants are accused of deal with Mao's the New China News Agency. foreign policy. Hua, who has not been seen in public . Special shops, servants since November 27, is apparently the Part of the hatred for the Maoist latest victim in the purge of Mao faction among the Chinese masses loyalists being carried out under the stems from the hypocrisy of the Mao­ leadership of Vice-Premier Deng ists. They preached equality and aus- Xiaoping. CCP sources have informed . terity while living it up at the expense foreign journalists that Hua has been of the workers and peasants. ordered to move out of the palatial Deng and his faction have tried to party chairman's residence. take advantage of the pervasive resent­ ment of bureaucratic privilege by por­ Hua's doublecross traying Jiang as an "empress" and As minister of public security, Hua publicizing her luxurious lifestyle was in charge of the police from 1972 while she was in power. But the hypoc­ to 1977. He has been accused of person­ risy of the current rulers is also well ally supervising the crushing of the known in China. Tienanmen demonstration of April 5, Senior CCP officials are provided 1976, when some 100,000 people took with hand-tooled Hongqi limousines, part in a protest in Peking's Tienan­ which are exempted from the legal men Square. requirement of having to stop for unex­ Although the Tienanmen protest pected pedestrians or bicyclists. was encouraged by Mao's opponents They have access to special shops, within the bureaucracy, who took ad­ such as the five-story "Peking City vantage of the anniversary of Premier Food Supply Place," at which they can Zhou Enlai's death, its size and mil­ stock up on luxuries that are unobtain­ itancy reflected the anger of the able by the common people. masses. After years of unceasing re­ In a January 2 article, New York pression and economic hardship, the Times correspondent Fox Butterfield hatred of the Chinese workers and described the house of one Chinese peasants for the Maoist regime was general: threatening to break out of control. ·1n 1971, at height of U.S. aggression warmly welcomed The frightened Maoist faction re­ Nixon to Peking. And in 1979, Mao's apparent successor, Deng Xiaoping, traveled to On the western side of the Forbidden sponded to the Tienanmen incident by Washington to applaud Nixon's successor. City, behind a gray brick wall, is a large old trying to tighten its grip on the state Chinese-style, tile-roofed courtyard home with a garden and access to a small apparatus. It launched a new offensive support a thoroughly counterrevolu­ lake... . against its opponents within the bu­ Mao's dog. Whomever he told me to The average allotment of housing space reaucracy and purged Deng for the bite, I bit." tionary foreign policy. They seek coop­ in Peking is three square yards per person, second time. However, Mao died in Criticism of Mao has begun to ap­ eration with world imperialism, not the about the size of a dining-room table. But September 1976. Faced with the threat pear openly in China, and officials extension of the socialist revolution. the general, his wife and their two children of mass rebellion, Hua turned on his have announced plans to rename In China, as in many other coun­ have three spacious bedrooms; a living former allies. He joined with the sup­ Mao's mausoleum the "Memorial of tries, a massive revolutionary upsurge room with a piano, color television set and porters of Deng and ordered the arrest Revolutionary Heroes" and to place grew out of World War II. Far from parquet floor; a study; and a huge kitchen equipped with an American refrigerator. of Mao's key lieutenants-the so-called the remains of other leaders there as leading the masses forward, the CCP Gang of Four. well as his. sought to hold them back, to comprom­ But Hua and his supporters were too ise with the Chiang Kai-shek dictator­ 'Party's prestige Is not high' closely identified with the crimes of the The Shanghai newspaper Wenhui ship and its imperialist backers. Real differences between the Mao Maoist regime. They were forced to Bao admitted in-its January 4 edition Communist parties in countries such faction and its opponents within the bring back Deng and other CCP lead­ that Mao's works had been repeatedly as France and Italy helped the capital­ bureaucracy focused on domestic pol­ ers who had been purged by Mao and edited to make it look as if he had ists to restabilize their rule after World icy and the economy. who were seen by the masses as oppo­ foreseen the course of events and to War II. The CCP tried to do the same CCP Secretary-General Hu Yaobang, nents of the hated Cultural Revolution. eliminate references to purged leaders. thing in China, but the mass move­ who is expected to replace Hua as Deng consolidated his position step by The paper referred to this as a way of ment, fed by decades of imperialist party chairman, told the leader of the step, forcing Hua's resignation as building up a "personality cult." · oppression, was too strong, and the Greek Communist Party (Interior) De­ prime minister in September 1980, and While the CCP leaders would like to Chiang Kai-shek regime and the na­ cember 14: now moving to oust him as CCP chair­ put the blame on Mao for everything tive capitalist class were too weak and "It is the unanimous view of our man. that has gone wrong for the past corrupt. The old regime was swept party that the decade between 1966 twenty years, they are well aware that away despite the CCP's repeated at­ and 1976 of the 1o-called Great Cultu­ Gang of Four trial an unrestrained attack on "the Great tempts to reach a compromise. ral Revolution was a period of catas­ Hua's downfall has coincided with Helmsman" could quickly tum into an trophe. the show trial of the Gang of Four, attack on the bureaucracy as a whole. Mao's foreign policy "Nothing was correct or positive which opened in Peking November 20. During the period of the Chinese during these 10 years. The whole thing By moving against Hua and by set­ Common history revolution and the Korean War, the was negative. Tremendous damage tling accounts with Mao's lieutenants, The anxiety of the CCP leaders is CCP was forced to defend its'elf was done to our economy, culture, Deng hopes to lay to rest the issue of understandable. The current rulers in against direct imperialist at~ack, eco­ education, political thinking and party the Cultural Revolution, to convince Peking share a common history with nomic sanctions, and diplomatic isola­ organization." the Chinese workers and peasants that the Mao faction, and what the Maoists tion. Washington's military threats Moreover, the struggle within the 1ustice has been done, and to restore and anti-Maoists within the CCP agree against China continued throughout bureaucracy began to create openings the shattered credibility of the CCP. on and defend is in many ways more the 1950s and into the early years of for the masses to intervene independ­ important than their differences. the Vietnam War. ently. Discontent among the workers Both the Maoists and the anti­ After the Sino~Soviet split that sur­ was expressed in strikes, which were 'I Was Chairman Mao's Dog' Maoists within the CCP represent a faced in 1960, Mao responded to the repressed by the regime. Mao, who had A defiant Jiang Qing-Mao's last class-collaborationist current. imperialist threats with superrevolu­ originally mobilized the Red Guards as wife, and the ·star defendant in the Both factions are part of a privileged tionary rhetoric. But the change in the a factional weapon against his oppo­ show trial of the Gang of Four-tried bureaucratic caste whose interests are relationship of class forces on a world nents within the party, also responded to put the regime on the spot with her antagonistic to those of the Chinese scale as a result of Washington's in­ with massive repression when the defense. "Arresting me and bringing workers and peasants. ability to crush the Vietnamese revolu­ youth he had used threatened to evolve me to trial is a defamation of Chair­ And both factions, as part of their tion finally forced the imperialists to in an independent political direction. man Mao Zedong," she declared. class collaborationist strategy and tum to Moscow and Peking for help in Although the CCP has managed to As Jiang put it, "I was Chairman their defense of bureaucratic privilege, containing the world revolution. forestall the open revolt that threat-

18 ened to break out toward the end of must be kept within the capability of ment with a significant Communist/ Mao's rule, it continues to face a deep the nation." Castroite component. Ten years ago crisis of political confidence. ... cabinet the U.S. would have sponsored it, An article that appeared in the De­ As the Stalinist rulers in Poland are Continued from page 7 fifteen years ago we would have orgl!!l· currently finding out, the combination cember 17 issue of Red Flag, the CCP the Republican Party. He also ap­ ized it." of political disillusionment and hostil­ theoretical journal, bluntly admitted proves of the British-negotiated Zim­ But when it comes to making con­ ity to the regime among the workers that "the party's prestige is not high babwe settlement, the Camp David crete proposals for today, Kirkpatrick and peasants, and economic privation, now. That is a fact .... Without im­ accords between Egypt and Israel, and is forced to recognize that it is still not is an explosive mixture. provement, we cannot persist in leader­ arms limitation treaties. In fact, Haig possible to return to the "good old indication of just how nervous ship." An noted that he had played a role in days," to the days before the Vietnam the Peking regime is was an article in negotiating the SALT I treaty with the war. For example, her proposals on El the December 11 that Promises Peking Dq,ily Soviet Union. Salvador are really no different from took up nearly half the front page. The Mao's successors sought to buy time Haig also disassociated himself from those of the Carter administration. She article admitted that many Chinese by promising rapid improvement in Reagan's campaign statements on sup­ is forced to take into account the very have "r'aised questions" about the case the economic situation of the masses. port for Taiwan, noting that under same "lessons of Vietnam" that she of Wei Jingsheng, and it defended In his report to the first session of the Nixon he had played a major role in rails against in the abstract. As she Fifth National People's Congress, held Wei's imprisonment. negotiating the resumption of relations explained to New York Times reporter in February and March 1978, Hua Wei was framed up in 1979 on with China. Bernard D. Nossiter, January 12, "I vowed to make China "a modem, charges of "counterrevolutionary agi­ would not under any circumstances powerful socialist country by the end tation" and allegedly giving military recommend support for U.S. military of the century." information to a foreigner because of intervention in Central America." Deng also promises to "make the his opposition to the Chinese invasion country rich and strong." of Vietnam. He was sentenced to fif­ How was this to be accomplished? teen years in prison. Arms spending Mao's heirs banked everything on According to Toronto Globe and In his testimony, Caspar Weinberger obtaining massive loans and invest­ Mail correspondent Bryan Johnson, a repeatedly asserted, without providini ment from the imperialist powers. In student candidate at Peking Univer­ any evidence, that a "gap" had opened return, they offered the imperialists sity who was running for a seat on the up in the nuclear balance between the complete political subservience, includ­ People's Congress declared his support Soviet Union and the United States. ing help through operations such as for Wei at a campus meeting in No­ This has been a favorite theme of the the invasion of Vietnam in January vember. He was elected to the congress Carter administration as well. 1979. with 70 percent of the vote. According to Weinberger, the U.S. Even if the world capitalist economy Wei was associated with one of the must increase its arms spending and had continued its expansion, the hopes many unofficial journals that have develop new weapons systems to close of the Peking regime would never have sprung up throughout China over the that "gap" before new arms limitatioa been realized. In the context of the past few years, and which are engaged talks could begin. ongoing world economic crisis, the in an ongoing struggle for democratic Talk about a nonexistent gap is the calculations of the bureaucracy were rights. traditional method used to try to sell even more utopian. On September 15, representatives an escalation of the arms race to Promises of rapid development and from twenty-one of these journals American working people. It is an prosperity are now threatening to issued a statement following a confer­ attempt to scare people into support for backfire. The political crisis of the CCP ence in · Guangzhou that declared: higher arms spending under the guise is being intensified by severe economic "From now on, we shall, in this single of "catching up with the Russians." problems. organization, jointly make our contri­ In 1956, American working people bution to the realization of democracy "It's in our interests," Haig testified, were told there was a serious "bomber Bungling in economy and legal system in China and to the "to continue the normalization process gap." In 1960, President Kennedy cam­ In 1978, armed with Hua's mandate peace and stability of the world. Here, [with China] begun during the Nixon paigned for election on the basis of a to modernize the country, Chinese the China National Unofficial Publica­ years, furthered during the Ford years, "missile gap." In 1967, the specter was trade delegations went on a multibil­ tions Association officially proclaims and furthered further during the Car­ raised of an "antiballistic missile gap." lion dollar buying spree. Massive its formation!" ter Administration." These courageous fighters have car­ Obstacles facing Reagan amounts of modern machinery were Haig also exposed Washington's real imported, and contracts were signed ried on their work despite continuous The Reagan cabinet, like its Demo­ attacks by the regime. For example, position on the fighting between China cratic predecessor, is hell-bent on con­ with imperialist companies for the and Vietnam. While the State Depart­ construction of entire factories. Zheng Yulin, an activist who had been vincing American working people that asked to represent .five publications in ment at the time claimed it was neu­ they must tighten their belts, accept a About $2 billion worth of equipment tral, Haig described China as a "stabil­ bought during the 1978 buying spree East China, was arrested while travel­ lower standard of living and declining ling to the conference in Guangzhou. izing interest in the area," citing with social services, and boost their spend­ remains in storage because the country approval "their punitive action against is not yet able to use it. In an October 1980 appeal for ing for arms. Zheng's release, representatives of the Hanoi, when Hanoi continued its activ­ But Reagan faces some formidable According to Wall Street Journal ities in Cambodia." correspondent Frank Ching, Prime publications that had asked Zheng to obstacles in his path. The "Vietnam Minister Zhao Ziyang gave a report on represent them declared: "After the Haig advocated continuation of the syndrome" is still alive, despite the the state of the Chinese economy at the Gang of Four was crushed, there have policy of playing Moscow and Peking constant propaganda campaigns end of 1980 in which he said that been repeated cases in China of viola­ off against each other. He asserted aimed at undercutting it. The opposi­ China's budget deficit and its interna­ tion of the people's democratic rights, that Washington should maintain a tion to draft registration is an example tional debts would require sharp cut­ suppression of the democratic move­ "balancing act" between China and of that, as is the opposition to the use backs in spending over the coming ment, and arrest and witch-hunt of the Soviet Union. of U.S. troops in Central America and years. Ching's article in the December democratic fighters who dare to stand the Middle East. 29 Journal continued: up to speak the truth and voice the Reagan will not have any easy time grievances of the people." 'Good old days' getting working people to accept a Mr. Zhao also said that oil production, on While appealing to government offi­ program of austerity for civilians and which China's hopes had been pinned, was Reagan foreign policy advisor Jeane cials to "intervene daringly in what­ Kirkpatrick is to be the U.S. ambassa­ fat city for the military. The experience likely to decline for the next few years, and ever matter in real life that is contrary of British Prime Minister Margaret China's energy shortage was already so dor to the United Nations, the highest acute that factories currently operate at to Marxist principles and to the inter­ post occupied by a woman in the Thatcher, who has been trying to carry only 70% of capacity. ests of the broad masses," the state­ Reagan administration. Kirkpatrick out a similar program, demonstrates He indicated, too, that this year's indus­ ment warned "remnants of feudal au­ gained prominence as a vocal critic of that as the outlines of this policy trial growth was disappointing, and that tocratic forces who hate, resist and Carter's foreign policy in Latin Amer­ become clear, and the effects are felt, construction next year will drop 40%. . . . sabotage the present movement of ica. there will be mounting resistance to Mr. Zhao said China will have to close or ideological liberation" and "politicians this ruling class offensive. suspend many factories to reduce the gov­ who are quick to change sides" to An article by Kirkpatrick in the From Intercontinental Preu ernment's financial burden and make better beware. January 1981 issue of Commentary use of available energy sources. It ended with the slogans: "No com­ magazine focuses on "Soviet/Cuban Japanese trade officials met with promise at all!" and "Struggle to the expansion" in Latin America, which Chinese ministers in Peking in De­ end!" she claims Washington is not confront­ cember. Lily Ju-li Dow reported in the Like the imperialist exploiters whom ing. The "roots" of the problem, she December 13 Washington Post: it looks to as allies, the bureaucratic writes, lie "in the Vietnam experience, regime in Peking is doomed. Its 'grave­ less as it was fought in Southeast Asia The Chinese decided to postpone the diggers will be the Chinese workers than as it was interpreted in Washing­ second stage of work on a $5 billion steel and peasants, whose future is embo­ ton and New York." mill near Shanghai, a project long consi­ dered crucial to Japanese-Chinese economic died in fighters such as Wei Jingsheng, Zheng Yulin, and their comrades in the In her opinion, "by the time Richard coo):'leration. Construction of a $180 million Nixon had left office, a large portion of chemical plant in eastern Peking was National Unofficial Publications Asso­ ciation. the political elite in America, including halted after the Chinese had spent $13 a majority of the Congress, had drawn million building the plant's foundation. From Intercontinental Press Negotiations were postponed on a $22 mil­ away not only from Vietnam but from lion joint venture with Sanyo Electric to what was more and more frequently make refrigerator compressors. called the cold war-the revisionists' preferred term for U.S. determination Moreover, inflation in 1980 may CHINA to resist the expansion of Soviet have been as high as 7 to 10 percent. power." In a speech to party leaders in De­ AFTER MAO cember, Hu Yaobang reported that As an example of this retreat, Kirk­ there was a demonstration against ByLes Evans patrick points to State Department price increases in Changsha, the capi­ $3.95 (add 75 cents for postage and opposition last year to the coup that tal of Hunan Province. (New York handling) prevented Heman Siles Zuazo from Times, December 24.) Pathfinder Press taking office as president of Bolivia. An editorial in the January 1 issue of 410 West St. Kirkpatrick moans that "even five the People's Daily warned that "im­ New York, N.Y. 10014 years ago, the U.S. would have wel­ provement of the people's livelihood comed a coup that blocked a govern-

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 19 Does 'overpopulation' breed poverty? What causes the poverty of most Latin Amencan ' population explosion and limited means of subsist· countries? ence-housing, food, hospitals, schools, jobs-but Is it overpopulation? between the population explosion and a mode of Are the birth control and sterilization programs production that is characterized by unequal distri­ pushed by U.S. foundations and government agen· bution of all material, cultural and spiritual goods. cies the solution to providing enough food and By the year 2000, Latin America's population will shelter for the Latin American masses? be over 600 million. In that period, the labor force The following is from an article titled "The first will experience an absolute growth of roughly 134 contraceptive to prevent population explosion," million people, or slightly more than the contin~nt's which appeared in the weekly English-language current labor force (1980). edition of the Cuban newspaper Granma on J anu­ It is clear that the problem of providing jobs for ary 11. 134 million people cannot be solved within Latin Author Jose Benitez presents a refutation of America's current structural context. population control theories, demonstrating that Just to keep the present rate of unemployment imperialist exploitation is at the heart of unemploy­ from increasing (at present there are 15 million ment, hunger, and misery in Latin America. jobless), Latin America would have to generate Cuba, where the imperialists have been thrown seven million jobs a year over the next 20 years. out and capitalism abolished, is good evidence. Assuming that technical equipment worth 10,000 While still a poor country, Cuba has done away dollars-an extremely modest sum-is needed for with hunger and malnutrition-without population every new job, the investment required to accomp· control. Birth control and abortion are freely availa­ espoused by- the political economy and history lish the above would come to 70,000 million dollars ble to Cubans as a right-not imposed on them professor at the East India Company's college. against their will. annually, not counting the technical level and "Actually," Marx said, "Malthus' work on popula­ qualifications needed then that would require an * * * tion was a pamphlet aimed against the French additional 20,000 million dollars annually to meet Thomas Robert Malthus was an English econo· Revolution and the aspirations for reform then the expenses of education, teacher training and mist and a priest who late in the 18th century being manifested in England." building new schools. It is estimated that by the maintained, as a "natural and eternal law," that · Contemporary imperialist campaigns on birth year 2000 there will be 226 million children under there was a discrepancy between the increase of the control, "responsible parenthood," overpopulation, 15. pOpulation and the means of subsistence. family planning and sterilization of women are all Total investment between 1980 and the year 2000 He put forth the view that population, when aimed-like Malthus'/pamphlet-against the revolu­ would, therefore, come to the astronomical figure of unchecked, increases in a geometrical ratio while tionary movement and the aspirations being manif­ 1,800,000 million dollars, a practically impossible the means of subsistence increase only in an arith­ ested in the underdeveloped world. undertaking unless radical changes are introduced metical ratio. A recent AFP [Agence France Press] survey in Latin America's socioeconomic structure. [Malthus] would not have written his famous maintained that "uninterrupted population explo­ The feasibility of an investment of this nature, "Essay" had he been able to foresee, for instance, sion and unchecked urban expansion," are "the two among other important questions, would have to what would happen with sugar in the 19th century: main dangers threatening the countries of Latin affect that portion of the Gross National Product by 1800 the Earth was inhabited by 900 million America on the horizon of the year 2000," and that earmarked for consumption, concretely, that portion people and close to one million tons of sugar were the high rate of demographic growth "has already made up of the five percent of Latin Americans on produced; in 1900 the population had risen to 1600 resulted in economic development being almost top of the income distribution pyramid that con· million and sugar production went up to nine completely absorbed." sumes more than one third of the GNP. million tons. This means that while the population It is true that Latin America's population growth Affecting income distribution to that extent can, increased by 85 percent, sugar production rose by rate is one of the world's highest, but no less true is of course, only be accomplished with a social 800 percent. the fact that such unchecked demographic growth revolution that would solve the problems of hunger, Since then science has devised methods to extract is due to underdevelopment and that underdevelop­ illiteracy, poverty, backwardness, unemployment, nutritional elements from sources Malthus. never ment is, in tum, the result of economic exploitation social inequality; in short, the first contraceptive to even dreamed of like soya beans, oil and seaweed. by U.S. imperialism and the local oligarchies. prevent population explosion. A century ago, Karl Marx opposed the theories The contradiction is not basically between the -Jose Benitez I Energy profiteers vs. environment, Indian rights By J oanie Quinn the coal reserves are on Indian land. In Arizona it is bec-ause of the extreme aridity. Boom towns could ALBUQUERQUE-Under the guise of "making 100 percent. It is thought that 2.9 million acres of also permanently destroy fragile aquifers (water America energy independent," plans are underway Navajo land could hold as much as 4 billion tons of reserves in porous underground rock). to strip mine huge areas of northwestern New coal. Invaluable archeological and paleontological Mexico. sites would be destroyed. Twenty percent of New Mexico is underlain with Indian rights strippable coal. These reserves comprise 11 percent of The right of Indian nations to control these Anti-union plans the total available in the United States. This coal, resources is already under attack. Lastly, New Mexico is typical of western states government and industry spokespeople argue, could One of the clearest signals of government inten­ where coal operators hope to wreck·t he UMW A. create jobs for thousands and, since it is low-sulfur tions is a BLM pamphlet titled Coal in the Chaco The sixth largest state in mineral production, coal, provide a huge supply of clean fuel. San Juan. Ostensibly both sides of the question are New Mexico is forty-third in per capita income. The Yet coal mining in northwestern New Mexico presented so the public can make an "informed" main reason for this is low unionization-14 percent means an attack on the land rights of Indian choice. of the workforce. nations and on the environment. Also, coal opera- "Get the Coal? Yes! But let's do it responsibly," Only 6,500 western coal miners are in the UMWA. the pamphlet declares. "Right to work" laws and company harassment "Coal mining would bring both positive and have kept unionization low. Western coal, if non­ negative socio-economic impacts," it continues. union, could give coal operators the strength to sit "Affected most heavily will be several hundred out UMW A strikes in the East. As I see it Navajo people who might have to be moved from Only a UMW A fight to organize western coal can their homes to allow strip mining." stop the energy monopolists' plans. In New Mexico, tors see massive coal development in the West as an The Navajo have lived on this land for decades union organizing efforts can be strengthened if the avenue for weakening and eventually destroying and get their living from it. Park Service employees labor movement joins with environmentalists and the militant United Mine Workers of America. call these Native Americans "squatters." And the Indians in defending Indian control of all Indian federal government that stole this land-the real lands and in demanding an end to strip mining in Profit bonanza squatter- plans to move the legitimate inhabitants the northwest. Of the 9.4 million coal-bearing acres in New so it can be leased for the profit of the oil compan· Mexico, the federal government owns approxi­ ies. mately 34 percent. Currently less than one-sixth of Tribal treaty land is also in danger. The Bureau that is leased to coal operators for mining, and even of Indian Affairs is experienced in slick dealings Coal miners strike less is producing. with tribal councils at the expense of local commun· This is about to change. New strip mining tech­ Less than a week before the start of national ities. contract talks, more than 900 members of the nology and increased demand have made New The Navajo Tribe is opposing the Star Lake Rail· Mexico coal profitable. So the Bureau of Land United Mine Workers union under a separate , road, a subsidiary of the Santa Fe, proposed to link contract in western strip mines are on stri.ke. Management (BLM) will lift its limited twelve-year coal mines to main lines. The railroad is slotted to moratorium on leasing federal coal lands in 1983, The strike, which began at midnight January pass through Navajo allotment land and land held 15, affects five mines of the Peabody Coal Com­ unleashing a potential profit bonanza for the big in trust for the tribe by the BIA. energy conglomerates. pany, the nation's largest producer. No negotia­ The BLM projects that 75.4 million tons, valued History of betrayals tions are scheduled. at over $1 billion, will be produced annually by A spokesperson with the American Indian Envir­ Peabody has enjoyed big profits over the past 1990. By whom? onmental Council has condemned government in­ several years. It is stalling on union demands for Exxon is already the largest overall holder of tentions, pointing to a history of betrayals from the improved pension benefits and a cost-of-living western state leases of federal, state, and Indian forced relocation of the Creeks and Cherokees by clause for wages. lands. Gulf has the largest holding of New Mexico the War Department to Oklahoma to the policy of These are some of the same issues at stake in state lands. relocation through starvation. ·talks on the national contract covering 170,000 The largest portion of the coal-bearing lands, The ecological results of intense strip mining are UMW A members at 130 -coal companies. The however, is Indian treaty land. In New Mexico the also unacceptable. High desert is thought by most national contract expires March 27. Department of Interior estimates that 40 percent of experts to be unreclaimable after strip mining

20 By Michael Pennock to the construction and financing o{ Does the Lockheed Corporation the C-5A Galaxy, the world's largest maintain shining ideals of truth and airplane. honesty? You might think that a com­ Lying, swindling, The C-5 was supposed to be built for pany that would have the nerve to a fixed price. According to the 1965 throw out of work a group of unionists contract, if additional expenses or for alleged "falsifications" of their job problems were encountered, Lockheed applications would at least have a and bribing~­ would have to pay for them. The costs fairly good record. But you would be would not be added to the price of the wrong. contract. The system was supposed to When you look behind the scenes, of the Lockheed legacy discourage deliberate under-bidding. course, you find that big business as a whole is deeply guilty of dirty dealing. Didn't fly But an examination of Lockheed's However, Lockheed quickly found it history reveals a corporation whose could not produce the C-5 for the entire operation is virtually based on quoted price. Since obtaining more lies, deception, and swindling. money was now difficult, they cut their costs. The Lockheed Corporation has been Henry Durham was production man­ n:.e of the largest war contractors since ager in charge of C-5 construction in World War II. Much information about the Marietta, Georgia, plant. He told a the history of the company is-available U.S. Senate panel that: in The Grease Machine, by David ". . . thousands and thousands of Boulton, The High Priests of Waste, by parts and assemblies which Lockheed Ernest Fitzgerald and The Arms Baz­ inspection records showed to be in­ aar, by Anthony Sampson. Lutte Ouvriere stalled were in fact missing from the Lockheed's current Pentagon pro­ aircraft and had not been installed. ducts include the C-5A Galaxy, C-141 French cartoon lampoons Lockh~ international bribery scandal Aircraft which according to company Starlifter, C-130 Hercules, F-104 Star­ ·records were complete except for fighter, missiles for Polaris subma­ planned flight line installations and a rines, and anti-submarine patrol few engineering changes were in fact amounts of electronic hardware. The planes. In 1979 Lockheed's govern­ Lockheed's primary business motiva­ virtual shells." weight of the plane increased signifi­ ment contracts totaled 1.8 billion dol­ tion, of course, is not "the defense of cantly. The ·result was a plane that The first C-5 to roll off the produc­ lars. the 'free' world." They want to turn a profit like any other business. They was in the words of the pilots, "very tion line was missing more than 3,000 The U.S. Air Force's Military Airlift will do anything they can get away unforgiving." The slightest pilot error parts. It collapsed on the taxiway Command does its job almost entirely with to insure a profit. would result in a crash. And Lockheed before its first flight and burned to a with Lockheed aircraft. During the designed the plane to eject the pilot cinder, killing one and injuring Vietnam War, it was the C-5 and the C- After World War II the United States downward in case of difficulty. Not another. 141 that flew the aerial supply mis­ needed to rearm its capitalist allies in much help on takeoffs or landings, the Durham resigned from the company. sions between the United States and opposition to the Soviet Union and the most dangerous parts of flying. His whistle-blowing earned him in­ the Southeast Asian airfields. The C- other workers states in Eastern Eur­ tense pressure from the company and 130 turboprop was the workhorse for ope. The scent of big money drew the Grease machine anonymous threats against his life. flights within Vietnam. interest of all the big arms makers. The Pentagon refused to buy the Ernest Fitzgerald also tried to expose the waste in the C-5. He was a civilian Lockheed saw its chance in the pro­ plane in numbers great enough to The U.S. military is not Lockheed's insure profits. Lockheed then un­ cost-control expert in the Pentagon. only customer. The company is active duction of a new supersonic fighter. His efforts also cost him his job. He Pilots flying in the Korean War said leashed its "grease machine" overseas. in the international arms trade. To Lockheed grease is the money used won it back only after a lengthy public they needed a fast, highly maneuvera­ fight. Two Georgia products are known on ble plane to counter the Soviet MIGs. to bribe officials in order to guarantee sight to millions of people around the sales. So Lockheed produced the F-104 Star­ Loan guarantee world. One is the Coke bottle. The fighter, characterized by its speed, its The program was successful, particu­ The C-5 fiasco, coupled with prob­ other is the distinctive shape of the C- simplicity, and its very short wing­ larly in Japan and Germany. Lock­ lems in the production of the L-1011 130 Hercules. Lockheed has sold more span. heed paid more than $1.7 million to a than 1,600 C-130s to at least thirty­ single Japanese "sales agent," Yoshio commercial jumbo jet, threatened to eight countries around the world. From But NATO wanted a multi-purpose Kodama, resulting in sales of some 230 bankrupt the corporation. Lockheed Indonesia to the Congo, from the Phi­ fighter-bomber capable of flight at F-104s. became the first recipient of a huge lippines to Chile, the C-130 has flown night and in all kinds of weather. This In Germany influence was pur­ government loan guarantee to a pri­ troops into battle against people strug­ was beyond the capacity of the F-104. chased through the office of the ex­ vate corporation. It totaled $250 mil· gling for freedom. To compensate, Lockheed added vast Nazi Minister of Defense Franz Josef lion. Strauss. Germany bought ninety-six While no new loans have come Starfighters. through lately, Lockheed continues to By the end of 1975, there had been rake in millions of tax dollars. It still "I would be glad to discuss this with 17 4 crashes of the plane in Germany. churns out C-130s. Its L-1011 produc­ . . . gov't stalls you in camera [in private], your Ho­ It had earned the nicknames "Flying tion continues in California. Various Continued from page 10 nor," Williams replied. "This is going Coffin" or the "Widowmaker." subsidiary companies bring in addi­ the government is willing not to dis­ to one of those areas which I am trying Lockheed also paid out one million to tional bucks. close because of its source." to probe the plaintiffs, which they Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands They are even making more money have refused-" and a whopping $106 million to Adnan off the .C-5. The initial contract called This is part of a calculated attempt Khashoggi to grease the machine in for 115 planes, which the Air Force to create an impression that the SWP "What was the Photo Comp Press?" the Middle East. reduced to 81. They were each sup­ and YSA are dangerous organizations. Judge Griesa asked. "What does it do, Disclosure of Lockheed payoffs to posed to be able to fly for 30,000 hours. At times the government's behavior put out pornography or what? Does it government officials brought down However, by 8,000 hours, the wings approaches the ridiculous. For exam­ do anything bad?" governments in Italy, the Netherlands, had such cracks it was feared they ple, the government requested exten­ "It prints various publications, your and in Japan in their famous "Lock­ would fall off. sive information on Photo Comp Press, heedgate" election of 1976. The Air Force recently signed a $1.5 the shop where the Militant is printed. Honor," the government lawyer said, with an attempt at a knowing look. billion contract to re-wing the C-5. That is about half the original pur­ Judge Griesa asked the government C-5 scandal lawyer, "What gives you grounds to This was greeted with general laugh­ But Lockheed does not reserve its chase price for the airplanes. suspect that the Photo Comp Press is ter in the courtroom in which the judge · shady deals strictly for foreign lands. Work will begin in the next few months. connected with the plaintiffs?" joined. Its U.S. contracts have been the source It will be done by the Lock­ of mighty scandals. The biggest relates heed-Georgia Company.

;111111111111111111111111111 IIIII I I I Ill I Ill I I 11-.-1 1,1, The government doesn't have to worry about ... socialist fund money. It will finance its defense with our tax Continued from page 1 dollars. But we must rely on contributions : Contribute ~ difficult for the government to carry out its from people like you. - - war ,ijulicies. And it will set an example of how The initial response to the fund has been we cari fight back in our interests. inspiring. At the rally which launched the ; today! ~ To meet this historic challenge the SWP and fund at a YSA convention this past December :I want to contribute: - YSA have launched a special Socialist Fund. in Indianapolis over $26,000 was pledged! - - Our goal is to raise $75,000 between now and Hundreds of supporters contributed from $1 to : _$1,000 _$500 _$200 _$100 : April 15. The fight against government spying over $1,000. : _$50 _$25 _$10 _$5 _other_ : is an ambitious undertaking and we will need We encourage you to contribute to the Social­ :Make checks payable to: : : Socialist Fund : every dollar to enable us to get a broader ist $75,000 Fund. Every dollar you send us will :Mail to: : hearing for the socialist ideas that the FBI is go a long way in the fight to end the illegal : Socialist Fund : trying to suppress. practices of the government. • 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 - The fund will enable us to organize speak­ - ing tours by SWP and YSA leaders and vic­ In solidarity, -:Name ------:• tims of government spying; expand coverage Andrew Pulley :Address : of the lawsuit in the pages of the Militant and 1980 Socialist Workers Party - - Perspectiva Mundial the Sptmish~language presidential candidate :city : socialist biweekly magazine); and publish Mary-Alice Waters :State ______Zip -----: materials explaining the suit. Co-chairperson, Socialist Workers Party - - -Tllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlt~lllllltlllllllll- THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 21 The Great Society Harry Ring

Doublespeak award of the La Verkin, Utah, are selling units in a OD-According to a current Haitian cigarettes-including shellac. week-"United States Armed Forces 240-apartment condo. It's under­ joke, a man took his sick child to a cost more than they otherwise might ground. Each 12'x30' dwelling includes doctor who said the child was beyond Virtues of free competition-A because Americans have chosen to bla~t-proof doors, eight inches of rein­ help. Desperate, the man tried a witch slated commercial by a publisher of a defend themselves as far from their forced concrete overhead, and a four­ doctor who recommended putting a children's book will hit at the danger own shores as possible."-New York year supply of food in the walls and picture of Lucifer under the child's bed. of exposing the little ones to too much Times, January 11. ceilings. $39,000. Unable to find one, he substituted a TV. picture of dictator Duvalier. The baby Housing tip-The Reagan home in died. He went back to the witch doctor, All dressed up-We thought it wa­ the Pacific Palisades area of Los An­ who responded, "No wonder. You used a touching bipartisan note when en­ geles is up for sale. $1.9 million. But at Truth will out-Ex-Yippie Jerry too strong a dose!" ter agreed to abide by Reagan's dress that price they may throw in a few of Rubin is moving up the Wall Street code for the inauguration, including his old flicks. ladder and is now director of business black morning coat, pearl gray vest, development at the Muir brokerage For lung finish-Tobacco compan­ white pleated shirt, striped four-in­ house. Confided Rubin, "I've really ies use a variety of ingredients to jazz hand tie, striped pants, and black Our sane society-Developers m been an entrepreneur all my life." up the flavor of low tar, low nicotine shoes. By Any Means Necessary Osborne Hart Black farmers' Catch-22 Black farmers. There aren't many of them left. At -How does Heirs Property work? usually white-is to buy a claim. In the event that last count, there were little more than 40,000 in the Most Blacks who bought land under Reconstruc­ an heir wants to sell his or her part of the land and country-primarily in the South. That's down from tion didn't leave wills when they died. The land the small tract can't reasonably be divided among nearly a million in the 1920s. passed by law to the immediate family. Wh(m they the holders, a court orders the sale of the property In Texas, for example, Black farmers numbered died it went to the grandchildren. on the open market to the highest bidder (the white close to 86,000 in 1930. That figure dwindled to a As a result, today 1,000 people could be part speculator with enough capital to outbid any Black few more than 3,000 by 1970. owners of a plot of land that's only 10 acres. The heirs) and the revenue is shared. Most Blacks acquired farm land during the Re­ "heirs" may be scattered across the country. Many The heirs have a few dollars to show, but the construction era from their former slave masters of them don't even know they have a claim to part and throu-gh titles sold and granted by the Freed­ speculator has the land which, more often than not, of the property. has windfall profit potential. man's Bureau. Although we never got our forty But the Black farmer who wants to work the land acres and a mule. is prevented from doing so. C. Scott Graber, in his article "A Blight Hits The move to force Blacks off the land began in Black Farmers," says that ''Land in South Caroli­ By law, to do anything with land that requires a the 1930s and accelerated after World War II. Me­ na's Sea Island (a popular coastal resort) and tracts government loan or subsidy-sell it, build on it, chanization-particularly in cotton production, the in the Citronelle Oil Field (north of Mobile, Ala­ farm it, use it for collateral or credit (virtually staple crop of Black farmers-drove many from bama) were forced on the market by this device." everything that's needed to run a farm)-the farmer their small-acre farms. The lure to the "economi­ Graber's article appeared in The Nation and Civil has to have the signatures of all the living heirs! cally prosperous" North, that was kindled by Ku Rights Digest in 1978. Klux Klan nightriders and Southern Jim Crow The signatures are known as "quitclaims." segregationist policies of the South, impelled the Needless to say, locating as many as a thousand Nationwide, during the years 1969-74, 42 percent Black flight. relatives, of whom many are not known or dead, is of the farm land owned by Blacks was lost. The But there's one racist mechanism-that's still a near impossible task. largest losses occurred in Mississippi and Ala­ used today-which literally takes land away from Thousands of Black farmers face this problem. bama-500,000 and 300,000 Black-owned acres were Blacks. Another catch to the Heirs Property is that lost respectively. Graber predicts that "one can It's called "Heirs Property." A third of Black-held anyone can buy out any of the heirs. reasonably assume that Black land ownership in land in the South is affected by this institution. A common practice for land speculators-who are the South will be insignificant by 1985." What's Going On

Library Auditorium, 275 Elmwood Ave. Donation: CALIFORNIA COLORADO NEW JERSEY $1 . Ausp: Young Socialist Alliance. For more infor­ SAN FRANCISCO DENVER NEWARK mation call (401 ) 726-3657. LOCKHEED-FBI WITCH-HUNT. Speaker: Chris U.S. HANDS OFF EL SALVADOR! With slides POLITICAL RIGHTS FOR WORKING PEOPLE: Hoeppner, union activist fired from Lockheed plant from El Salvador. Speakers: R. Justicia, from El CAMPAIGN LAUNCHED TO DEFEND FIRED SO­ in Atlanta. Fri., Jan. 30, 8 ·p.m. 3284 23rd St. Salvador; Father Bill Scheer, regional director, CIALISTS. Speakers: Andree Kahlmorgan, union Donation: $2. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more Maryknoll Fathers. Fri., Jan. 30, 7:30 p.m. 126 W. activist fired from Lockheed plant in Atlanta; Robert TEXAS information call (415) 824-1992. 12th Ave. Donation: $1 .50. Ausp: Denver Socialist Dees, Brooklyn Navy Yard worker targeted by FBI Forum. For more information call (303) 534-8954. for political views; others. Sat , Jan. 24, 8 p.m. 11-A SAN ANTONIO Central Ave. , near Broad St. Donation: $1.50. Ausp: COVER-UP: THE SANTOSCOY KILLING. Speak­ Militant Labor Forum. For more information call ers: Ruben Sandoval, civil rights attorney; Ram6n (201) 643-3341. Valdez, member, MeCHA; Adela Navarro, Raza . NEW YORK Unida Party. Fri., Jan. 30, 8 p.m. 1406 N. Flores. Socialists Put U.S. ILLINOIS Donation: $1.50. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information call (512) 222-8398. Secret Pollee on Trial CHICAGO OHIO East Coast rally for the upcoming THE CHICAGO SCHOOL CRISIS. Speakers: Danny Davis, alderman; Nathaniel Clay, Chicago TOLEDO socialists' trial of the FBI, CIA, and Defender; Robert Lucas, Kenwood-Oakland Com­ CIVIL LIBERTIES UNDER ATTACK. Speakers: INS munity Organization; representative, Mexican­ Sherri Katz, attorney speaking on Socialist Workers UTAH Speakers: American Legal Defense and Education Fund; Party suit against government spying; others to be SALT LAKE CITY representative, Socialist Workers Party. Fri., Jan. 30, announced. Sat., Jan. 31, 7 p.m. 2120 Dorr St. REPRESSION IN CENTRAL AMERICA: FREE­ Jack Barnes, national secretary, 7:30 p.m. 434 S. Wabash, 7th floor. Donation: $2. Donation: $1.50. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more DOM STRUGGLE IN EL SALVADOR. Speakers: Socialist Workers Party Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more information information call (419) 536~0383. · Bishop William Weingand, representative. Diocese Lucius Walker, National Anti-Klan call (312) 939-0737. of Salt Lake City; Nancy Elbert, regional· drrector, Amnesty International; Ed Berger, Socialist Workers Network OREGON Party. Thurs .. Jan. 29, 7 p.m. Our Lady of Guada­ Phil Wheaton, director, Ecumenical lupe Church, 715 W. 300 N. Ausp: Militant Forum. PORTLAND For more information call (801) 3S5-1 124. Program for Inter-American LOUISIANA THE FIGHT AGAINST RACIST ATTACKS. Communication and Action NEW ORLEANS Speaker: Fred Auger, Socialist Workers candidate (EPICA) FOUR YEARS OF REAGAN: WHAT'S IN STORE for Portland City Council. Sun., Feb. 1, 7:30 p.m. FOR AMERICAN WORKING PEOPI,.E? Speakers: 711 NW Everett. Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. WISCONSIN Connie Gilbert-Neiss, assistant Julie Redman, Women's Health Reproductive For more information call (503) 222-7225. MILWAUKEE state coordinator for action, Rights Task Force of National Organization for REVOLUTION IN EL SALVADOR: WHAT IT National Organization for Women; Ramon Acevedo, Nicaraguan solidarity NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN IN­ MEANS FOR WORKING PEOPLE. Speakers: Daisy activist; Terry Burk, Socialist Workers Party. Fri. , FORMATIONAL PICKET AGAINST THE HUMAN Cubias, Salvadoran member, Coalition for Nicara­ Women Jan. 30, 8 p.m. Pathfinder Bookstore, 3207 Dublin. LIFE AMENDMENT. Sun., Feb. 4, 4-5:30 p.m. Out­ guan Democracy; Frank Forrestal, chairperson, Sat., Feb. 7, 7:~0 p.m. Donation: $1.50. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more side Senator Hatfield's office. Pioneer Post Office. Milwaukee Young Socialist Alliance. Sat, Jan. 31, 8 For more information call (503) 295-2550. Ethical Culture Society information call (504) 486-8048. p.m. Milwaukee Christian Center, 21 37 W. Green­ field. Donation: $1 .50. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. 2 West 64th St., Manhattan For more information call (41 4) 445-2076. Sponsors: Socialist Workers Party MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES RHODE ISLAND 'PORTRAIT OF TERESA.' A Cuban film. By and Young Socialist Alliance THE MARXISM OF FIDEL CASTRO. Speaker: Jay PROVIDENCE Cuban Film Institute. Fri., Feb. 6, noon, 2:30 p.m., For more information call Ressler, Socialist Workers Party. Sun., Feb. 1, 4 FBI-LOCKHEED WITCH-HUNT AND THE FIGHT 6:30 p.m., 9 p.m. University of Wisconsin­ (212) 533-2902 p.m. 508 N. Snelling, St. Paul. Donation: $1.50. FOR POLITICAL RIGHTS. Speaker: Andree Kahl­ Milwaukee, Student Union. Donation: $2. Ausp: Ausp: Twin Cities Militant Forum. For more infor­ morgan, union activist fired from Lockheed plant in Young Socialist Alliance. For more information call mation call (612) 644-6325. Atlanta. Sat., Jan. 31, 1 p.m. The Kn ight Memorial (414) 445-2076.

~2 THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30, 1981 Letters

Union victory begin right now to mobilize We won! I am proud to against any move by the announce that the employees Reagan administration to of the City of Gulfport voted on launch a military aggression January 2 for the no matter where or under what Amalgamated Transit Union pretext the same might be by a margin of 26-8. This contemplated. victory is step one with many It is also imperative to start more to come. struggling for an independent We will remember the political movement based upon attention given to us in the the interests of the working [Oct. 24] Militant. Most of the class with the cooperation of workers saw copies of the all free-minded Americans article and I do think it was willing to break with the two­ one of our best pieces of party system of monopoly literature. We are now going capitalism. into contract preparations. Adrian J. Alpendre Chris Townsend Fairview, New Jersey Gulfport, Florida

Essential to subscribe Getting the truth I am a concerned militant, ­ The library is simply too one who would like to keep up slow in distributing the current with the events of the Third issue of your excellent paper. I World. I'm sure you know in · find it essential to subscribe in Missouri it is hard to keep up order to keep abreast of the real decided to hold the bank him he couldn't call me­ Transit Police). He might be a with my brothers' and sisters' world. president hostage so I could get Jersey City would be long convicted turnstile jumper but I activity, because these Please send me the next my money. All I want is my distance. think he's going to grow up Europeans and their issue. money, not anybody else's." While I waited the eleven just fine. publishing companies only S.P. Oil workers are in a pretty hours in Manhattan Criminal M.W. print what they want to print, Moscow, Idaho good position to know who's Court the next day I got a first Jersey City, New Jersey and I feel almost everything really holding the American hand look at our justice they print about Blacks isn't people hostage. It's our system. the truth. I would appreciate bosses-the oil billionaires. Sitting up front were the Correction your help concerning this W.N. A line was mistakenly matter. If it's possible I would . arresting officers, decked out in War threats New Orleans, Louisiana designer jeans and trying very dropped from the "Reaganom­ like to start receiving the The most recent declarations hard to look like Starsky and ics" article in the January 23 Militant for the truth of my of both Caspar Weinberger and Hutch. They were almost all issue. The sentence should brothers and sisters of the General Alexander Haig about white. have read: "The Carter admin­ Third World. Thank you for the possibilities of using nuclear Sixty-cent crime istration plans to propose a reading my letter. weapons as a way to solve New York City Mayor Koch In back sat the friends and defense budget of $196.4 billion A prisoner military conflicts in which this has been telling us the transit relatives of those swooped up for fiscal 1982, $25 billion more Missouri country might get involved is fares should go up again. To go the night before. They were than for fiscal 1981," the Wall more than a warning to all with the dirt, noise and delays, almost all Black or Hispanic. Street Journal reported J anu­ peace-loving Americans about now he wants to add more Two cases stand out in my ary 5. the danger inherent in the transit cops. mind. philosophy which president­ 'It's their money' When they aren't able to A young Black man was elect Ronald Reagan has been Me and a couple of guys I harass, rough up or shoot at going to be sent to jail for The 'Militant' special pri­ expounding during the last work with at a local refinery someone whose looks they ninety days for stealing a soner fund makes it possi­ years. were standing around on the don't like, these cops find radio. The judge dropped the ble to send reduced-rate I deem that the actions taken smoking slab the other day. all sorts of ways to · sentence when lawyers subscriptions to prisoners by so many youngsters across (For those readers who don't keep busy. If you play a radio explained that the youth was who can't pay for them. To the nation against the draft know much about refineries, too loud, light up a cigarette, or willing to join the army. help out, send your contri­ and war preparations must that's the only area where finish off the rest of your beer, bution to: Militant Prisoner The second man, distraught show the ruling class that it ·· smoking is permitted.) they are lying in wait. Subscription Fund, 14 over being out of 'work for two won't be easy for them to One of the guys, a young One cop recently lucked out. Charles Lane, New York, months, had gotten into a fight launch new Vietnams around pipefitter who lives up the A sixteen-year-old, with no New York 10014. on the subway. The judge the world. river, started talking about money in his pocket, tried to ordered him to see a The opposition of the young Iran. "I don't know why they catch the "A" train home. Now psychiatrist. The man replied people will be coupled with an don't give Iran their $24 my son's a convicted turnstile The letters column is an open that what he needed was a job. increasing awareness among billion," he said. "After all, it's jumper. forum for all viewpoints on The judge told him his choice proletarians who are already their money. All it is is their For his "crime" he spent the subjects of general interest to was the psychiatrist or the jail. understanding that capitalism assets that have been frozen in night in jail. The boiler was our readers. Please keep your is not the system within whose the United States. broken so he and all the other Well, my son is back on the letters brief. Where necessary boundaries our most urgent "It would be like if I walked bad guys slept in the freezing streets again. I noticed on his they will be abridged. Please problems can be solved. into a bank and wanted my cold. notebook, under where it says indicate if you prefer that your Every peace-loving and money, and the bank president They took his shoelaces so he No Draft and No Nukes, he's initials be used rather than progressive American must wouldn't give it to me, so I wouldn't hang himself but told added the letters S.T.P. (Stop your full name.

If You Like This Paper, Look Us Up Where to find the Socialist Workers Party. Young SocialiSt Alliance. and soc•ahst books and pamphlets

ALABAMA: Birmingham: SWP, YSA, 205 18th St. S. KENTUCKY: Louisville: SWP, YSA, 131 W. Main YSA, 323 State St. Zip: 12305. Tel: (518) 374-1494. RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, P.O. Box 1322, Tel: (205) 323-3079. Zip: 35233. #102. Zip: 40202. Tel: (502) 587-8418. New York, Brooklyn: SWP, YSA. 335 Atlantic Ave. Annex Station. Zip: 02901 . AR. IZC~! .~: ;-:,,-,enix: SWP, YSA, 1243 E. McDowell. LOUISIANA: New Orleans: SWP, YSA, 3207 Dublin Zip: 11201. Tel: (212) 852-7922. New York, Man­ Zip: 85006. Tel: (602) 255-0450. St. Zip: 70118. Tel: (504) 486-8048. hattan: SWP, YSA, 108 E. 16th St. 2nd Floor. Zip: TEXAS: Austin: YSA, c/ o Mike Rose. 7409 Berkman CALII=ORNIA: Oakland: SWP, YSA, 2864 Telegraph MARYLAND: Baltimore: SWP, YSA, 2913 Green­ 10003. Tel: (212) 260-6400. New York: City-wide Dr. Zip: 78752. Dallas: SWP, YSA, 5442 E. Grand. .'\ve. Zip: 94609. Tel: (415) 763-3792. Los Angeles: mount Ave. Zip: 21218. Tel: (301) 235-0013. SWP, YSA, 108 E. 16th St. 2nd Floor. Zip: 10003. Zip: 75223. Tel: (214) 826-4711 . Houston: SWP, ~WP , YSA, 2211 N. Broadway. Zip: 90031. Tel: MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, P.O. Box 837. Tel : (212) 533-2902. YSA, 806 Elgin St. #1. Zip: 77006. Tel: (713) 524- ( 213) 225-3126. Sau Diego: SWP, YSA, 1053 15th Zip: 01004. Tel: (413) 256-0640. Boston: SWP, NORTH CAROLINA: Piedmont: SWP, YSA, 216 E. 8761 . San Antonio; SWP, YSA, 1406 N. Flores Rd. 'St. Zip: 92101. Tel: (714) 234-4630. San Francisco: YSA, 510 Commonwealth Ave., 4th Floor. Zip: 6th St. , Winston-Salem. Zip: 27101 . Tel: (919) 723- Zip: 78212. Tel: (512) 222-8398. SWP, YSA, 3284 23rd St. Zip: 94110. Tel: (415) 02215. Tel: (617) 262-4621. 3419. UTAH: Salt Lake City: SWP, YSA, 677 S. 7th East, 824-1992. San Jose: SWP, YSA, 201 N. 9th St. Zip: MICHIGAN: Ann Arbor: YSA. Tel: (313) 663-7068. 2nd Floor. Zip: 84102. Tel: (801) 355-1124. 95112. Tel: (408) 998-4007. Detroit: SWP, YSA, 6404 Woodward Ave. Zip: OHIO: Cincinnati: SWP, YSA, 2531 Gilbert Ave. Zip: VIRGINIA: Tidewater Area (Newport News): SWP, COLORADO: Denver: SWP, YSA, 126 W. 12th Ave. 48202. Tel: (313) 875-5322. 45206. Tel: (513) 751-2636. Cleveland: SWP, YSA, YSA, 111 28th St. Zip: 23607. Tel: (804) 380-0133. c- · ~ : 80204. Tel: (303) 534-8954. MINNESOTA: Mesabi Iron Range: SWP, YSA, 1012 2230 Superior. Zip: 44114. Tel: (216) 579-9369. WASHINGTON,-D.C.: SWP , YSA, 3106 Mt. Pleasant FLORIDA: Miami: SWP, YSA, 8171 NE 2nd Ave. Zip: 2nd Ave. South, Virginia, Minn. Send mail to P.O. Toledo: SWP, YSA, 2120 Dorr St. Zip: 43607. Tel: St. NW. Zip: 20010. Tel: (202) 797-7699. Balti­ 33138. Tel: (305) 756-8358. Box 1287. Zip: 55792. Tel: (218) 749-6327. Twin (419) 536-0383. more-Washington District: 3106 Mt. Pleasant St., GEORGIA: Atlanta: SWP, YSA, 509 Peachtree St. Cities: SWP, YSA, 508 N. Snelling Ave., St. Paul. OREGON: Portland: SWP, YSA, 711 NW Everett. NW., Washington, D.C. Zip: 20010. Tel : (202) 797- NE. Zip: 30308. Tel: (404) 872-7229. Zip: 55104. Tel: (612) 644-6325. Zip: 97209. Tel: (503) 222-7225. 7021. ILLINOIS: Champaign-Urbana: YSA, 284 lllini Un­ MISSOURI: Kansas City: SWP, YSA, 4715A Troost. ion, Urbana. Zip: 61801. Chicago: SWP, YSA, 434 Zip: 64110. Tel: (816) 753-0404. St. Louis: SWP, PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State WASHINGTON: Olympia: YSA, Room 3208, The S. Wabash , Room 700. Zip: 60605. Tel: (312) 939- YSA, 6223 Delmar Blvd. Zip: 63130. Tel: (314) College. Zip: 16444. Tel: (215) 734-4415. Philadel­ Evergreen State College. Zip: 98501. Tel: (206) 0737. 725-1570. phia: SWP, YSA, 5811 N. Broad St. Zip: 19141. 866-7332. Seattle: SWP, YSA , 4868 Ra inier Ave. INDIANA: Gary: SWP, YSA, 3883 Broadway. Zip: NEW JERSEY: Newark: SWP, YSA, 11-A Central Tel : (215) 927-4747 or 927-4748. Pittsburgh: SWP, South. Zip: 98118. Tel: (206) 723-5330. 46409. Tel: (219) 884-9509. Indianapolis: SWP, Ave. Zip: 07102. Tel: (201) 643-3341 . YSA, 1210 E. Carson St. Zip: 15203. Tel: (412) WEST VIRGINIA: Morgantown: SWP, YSA, 957 S. YSA. 4850 N. College. Zip: 46205. Tel: (317) 283- NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: SWP, YSA, 1417 488-7000. State College: YSA, c/ o Bill Donovan, University Ave. Zip: 26505. Tel: (304) 296-0055. 6149. Central Ave. NE. Zip: 87106. Tel: (505) 842-0954. 1240 E. Branch Rd . Zip: 16801 . Tel: (814) 234- WISCONSIN: Milwaukee: SWP, YSA, 3901 N. 27th IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, Box 352. Zip: 50613. NEW YORK: Capital _District (Schenectady): SWP, 6655. St. Zip: 53216. Tel: (414) 445-2076.

THE MILITANT/JANUARY 30,1981 23 THE MILITANT Attempt to kill Devlin blow at Irish freedom By Gerry Foley gle, as Bernadette came clearly to contingents of the Irish people-the Three assassins broke into Ber­ understand through her own expe­ industrial workers organized in strong nadette Devlin McAliskey's home early rience, is a socialist revolution that trade unions that have the power to in the morning of January 16. Devlin will overthrow the whole system of overthrow the capitalist system and McAlisky, one of the foremost leaders oppression and exploitation that has build a new society-began to move. of the Irish liberation struggle, was been created by the robbers and ty­ There were more and more strikes seriously wounded, as was her hus­ rants that the Irish people and their and walkouts of key sectors of trade band Michael. Their children, aged forebears have fought from time im­ unionists. nine, five, and two, were not shot. memorial, and which in our time has The m·ass movement against impe­ [At Militant press time, Bernadette reached its ultimate form in capitalism rialist repression provided a rallying was reported to remain "very seriously and imperialism; ground and example for the workers ill" but had regained consciousness and youth who are increasingly denied She saw the Irish revolution as part hope by the deepening of the economic and was in stable condition. She had of a world struggle, and she devoted been shot seven times with a handgun. crisis. special attention to forging links with Bernadette remains among the most Michael was said to be in "serious" revolutionists of other countries. condition.] clearsighted leaders of the Irish people In the mass struggle against the The attackers were taken into cus­ and the symbol of their struggle for the tody by a British army unit only British government's attempt to break world. the spirit of the Irish political prison­ minutes after the shooting. There must be a campaign of pro­ ers-of which_ she was a central The attack on the McAliskeys was tests directed against the British gov­ leader-the outlines of the coming the latest of a series of assassination ernment that will make it clear to them Irish socialist revolution began clearly attempts against leaders of the mass that if they kill her or let her be killed, to emerge. campaign in defense of Irish political they will have to pay a political price The remobilization began with the prisoners. Four victims of these at­ so high as to deter even a ruthless and wives and mothers of the political pri­ tacks have died. frightened imperialist ruling class. soners. Leaders of the H-Block campaign in This is also a necessary way to Bernadette clearly understood the Ireland charge that both British army defend the lives of other leaders in the gangs tried to beat the demonstrations potential of these women. She fought a struggle. assassination teams and Protestant she participated in off the streets, she murder gangs have been involved in hard and consistent fight for the stra- Telegrams should be sent imme­ knew that she had to stand up to them. . tegy of mass mobilization, and she was the assassinations. diately to British Prime Minister Because she came from a working­ finally able to win over the militant While claiming to serve as a "neu­ Thatcher at No. 10 Downing St., Lon­ class family, she was not afraid to get young leadership of the anti­ tral" buffer in Northern Ireland, the don, with copies to the H-Block Com­ out in front and take the leadership imperialist movement to this perspec­ London government actually relies on mittee at 30 Mountjoy Sq., Dublin 1. and to follow the logic of the struggle tive. terrorism by elements of the privileged Protests should also be directed tO to its ultimate conclusions. It was It is largely out of her fight and Protestant community to intimidate the incoming U.S. President Reagan, these things that led her into battle, to political vision that the H-Block cam­ opponents of continued British rule. who invited Ian Paisley, the represen­ prison, and at last to face the guns of paign developed. Bernadette knew that her life was at tative of the Protestant murder gangs assassins as she was dressing her little As the mobilizations grew for the risk. She had been well aware ofthat who tried to assassinate Bernadette, to girls for school. dignity of the Irish people, represented since the murder last June of Miriam his inaugural. The culmination of the Irish strug- by their heroic fighters, the decisive Daly, another leader of the H-Block From Intercontinental Press campaign. Bernadette joked about the threat to her life in a calm, ironic, matter-of-fact way. SWP:'Your courage is an inspiration' As the leader who most clearly un­ The following telegram was We share with you that vision of a for her death. The assassination of derstood how to rebuild the mass sent to Bernadette Devlin McAI­ free and united Ireland and an inter­ four leaders of the H-Block cam­ movement against British repression iskey on January 17 by Jack national socialist community. paign in 1980 made it obvious that and how to lead it forward, she knew Barnes, National Secretary of We stand with you, with your her life was in danger. she was becoming a danger to the the U.S. Socialist Workers husband Michael, also a victim of This savage attack on her and her murderous jailers who hold the Irish Party: the rightist gang, and with your people in chains. husband Michael reveals the full children Roisin, Deirdre, and Fion­ horror of the system that Britain has In the late 1960s Bernadette had Dear Comrade, tann. found herself in the leadership of a created and maintained in Northern Your courage and determination Ireland. mass struggle. She at first had no are an inspiration to fighters for At the same time, the Socialist intention of becoming a revolutionist. social justice in the U.S. and world­ Workers Party sent the follow­ We demand: the immediate prose­ She only knew that her people were . wide. ing telegram to British Prime cution and conviction of the at­ oppressed and that she· was too proud · Get well for the sake of the heroic Minister Margaret Thatcher: tackers. to accept subjection. Irish people and for the future of a Grant the demands of the H-Block If anyone in her community would socialist world, when such brutal If Bernadette Devlin McAliskey prisoners. protest against that oppression, Ber­ attacks will be only a dim memory of dies, there is no way your govern­ End British occupation and colon­ nadette would be with them. a dark age. ment can escape the responsibility ial rule of Northern Ireland. When the police ·and the Orange

'Kiko' Martinez.-C~hicano frame-up victim Francisco "Kiko" Martinez is a Chi­ charged with sending three letter spy and disruption program against work, go to southern Colorado and cano activist and attorney who goes on bombs. A "shoot on sight" order was Chicano activists, titled "Operation work laying track on Lhe railroads. trial in Pueblo, Colorado, January 27. issued for him, and he went into hid­ CHAOS: Chicano Power Movement." During my youth we were alwa)'"S He is accused of sending letter bombs ing. (He was arrested in September The following interview with Mar­ involved in working our pieces of lancL in 1973 to opponents of the Chicano 1980.) tinez was conducted by Silvia Zapata, liberation struggle. In the spring of 1974, six Chicanos a leader of the Denver Young Socialist Q. How did you get involved in po'J.i­ The charges against Martinez were were murdered in two still unsolved car Alliance. tics? first made in the midst of a fierce bombings in nearby Boulder. One of A. No one is born politically mature; government campaign against Chi­ the victims, Reyes Martinez, was Ki­ * * * it's a process. I was lucky enough to cano groups in the early 1970s. In ko's brother. Question. Can you give us a brief get a chance to study outside the San March 1973, police assaulted the Escu­ These attacks on the Chicano move­ look at your background? Luis Valley. That's how I was exposed ela Tlatelolco, a school run by the ment were not just limited to Colorado. Answer. I'm from Alamosa, Colo­ to other ideas. Crusade for Justice in Denver. One Nor were they carried out by the police rado. That's where my parents are One of the first things that I re­ young Chicano was killed and the alone. In the fall of 1976, Judge Jose from, too. member had a lot of meaning for me school heavily damaged. Angel Gutierrez, the founder of the My grandparents were tillers of the was the movement against the Viet­ That same year there was a rash of Texas Raza Unida Party, released CIA soil in northern New Mexico. They nam War. I was a youth in danger of bombings and attempted bombings in files he had received through the Free­ were the kind of people who would being conscripted. the area. All had the earmarks of dom of Information Act. work in the apple orchards and then in It was during this period that I police provocations. Martinez was The files revealed a concerted CIA the summer, when they didn't have Continued on page 16